A medical bone crusher

Abstract

The present invention discloses a medical bone crusher, comprising a support frame, a piston cylinder is arranged in the support frame, a bone crushing seat is arranged at one end side of the piston cylinder, a piston-type bone crushing hammer pushed by a spring is arranged at the other end side of the piston cylinder, the piston-type bone crushing hammer collides with the bone crushing seat through the push of the spring to achieve bone crushing, a long slot is arranged axially on the side wall of the piston cylinder, a passive lever arm is arranged on the piston-type bone crushing hammer, the passive lever arm extends from the long slot hole, a driving device periodically triggers the passive lever arm to drive the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move and compress the spring, after the spring is compressed, when the manual driving device is separated from the passive lever arm, the spring releases the compression force to push the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move and hit the bone crushing seat. The present invention is a semi-automatic device, which can reduce the damage to bone tissue by reasonably designing the impact head and increasing the adjustment of the impact force, and can flexibly adjust the impact force of the impact head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a medical bone crusher used in spinal surgery. Background Art

[0002] Medical bone crushers, as the name implies, break bones into very small particles. The size of the particles meets the requirements of use. Bone crushers are mainly used as fillers between bones during surgery. Bone crushers are needed in common spinal fusion surgeries. The spine is composed of different vertebrae connected by an intervertebral disc in the front and two small joints in the back. These joints allow the spine to bend and twist. With age or trauma, these joints may wear or degenerate, causing pain. At this time, it is necessary to use drugs or surgical methods to stabilize the part of the spine where arthritis occurs. In spinal fusion surgery, bones taken from other parts of the patient need to be broken into pieces, and the resulting bone crushers are molded and used for filling and support between adjacent vertebrae to enable the patient to achieve the purpose of healing and relief. There are two main types of existing bone crushing technologies. One is purely manual, that is, using surgical scissors and forceps to cut bones into pieces of appropriate size. It is easy to operate and bone tissue is not easily damaged, but the labor intensity is high and the work efficiency is low. The other is fully automatic, that is, bones are fed from a feeding port and bone particles are taken from a discharging port. It has low labor intensity and high work efficiency, but it is inconvenient to change the size of bone particles and it is easy to damage bone tissue. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a medical bone crusher, which is a semi-automatic device. Through the reasonable design of the impact head and the increased adjustment of the impact force, the damage to the bone tissue can be reduced and the impact force of the impact head can be flexibly adjusted.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is: a medical bone crusher, comprising a supporting frame, wherein a piston cylinder is arranged in the supporting frame, a bone crushing seat is arranged on one end side of the piston cylinder, and a piston-type bone crushing hammer pushed by a spring is arranged on the other end side of the piston cylinder, the hollowness of the piston cylinder forms a bone crushing chamber, and the piston-type bone crushing hammer collides with the bone crushing seat through the push of the spring to achieve bone crushing, and the surfaces where the bone crushing seat collides with the piston-type bone crushing hammer are respectively provided with sawtooth grooves, at least one long notch is axially arranged on the side wall of the piston cylinder, and a passive arm is arranged on the piston-type bone crushing hammer corresponding to the long notch, and the passive arm extends from the long slot hole, a manual driving device periodically triggers the passive arm to drive the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move the compression spring, after the spring is compressed, when the manual driving device is separated from the passive arm, the spring releases the compression force to push the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move and collide with the bone crushing seat, and one end of the piston cylinder is an openable port, and the broken bones are put in and taken out through the openable port.

[0005] The solution is further as follows: the bone crushing seat is fixed downwardly to the upper end of the piston cylinder in the vertical piston cylinder, the lower end of the piston cylinder is the openable port of the piston cylinder, a detachable plug is arranged at the openable port, and the spring is pressed against the detachable plug between the piston-type bone crushing hammer and the detachable plug.

[0006] The solution is further that the detachable plug is fixed to the openable port of the piston cylinder through a detachable threaded connection, and grooves are respectively provided on the piston-type bone crushing hammer and the detachable plug, and the spring sits in the groove.

[0007] A further solution is that: the bone crushing seat is provided with a guide rod downward, the piston-type bone crushing hammer is provided with a guide hole, and the piston-type bone crushing hammer is sleeved on the guide rod of the bone crushing seat through the guide hole and moves up and down along the guide rod.

[0008] The solution is further as follows: a gap of no more than 2 mm is left between the piston-type bone crushing hammer and the piston cylinder wall; the groove of the piston-type bone crushing hammer is a sleeve arranged downward on the end surface of the piston-type bone crushing hammer; the lower edge of the sleeve is tilted outwardly and upwardly to form a bone crushing collection plate; there is sliding friction between the outer edge of the bone crushing collection plate and the piston cylinder wall, and the gap is less than 0.1 mm.

[0009] The scheme is further as follows: the driving device includes two gears arranged on the support frame along the axial direction of the piston cylinder corresponding to a long slot, one of which is a driving gear, and a chain is mounted on the two gears. The two gears drive the chain to rotate parallel to the axial direction of the piston cylinder, and an active lever arm is arranged on the chain. The driving gear is rotated to drive the chain to rotate. The interval installation relationship between the two gears and the piston cylinder is such that the active lever arm on the chain can periodically trigger the passive lever arm to drive the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move the compression spring.

[0010] The solution is further as follows: a base which moves axially along the piston cylinder is provided on the support frame, and the two gears are installed on the base. The movable base can adjust the distance that the active arm on the chain moves the passive arm, and then the compression distance of the compression spring can be adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the impact force of the piston-type bone crushing hammer.

[0011] A further solution is that the driving gear is driven to rotate by a servo motor.

[0012] A further solution is that a crank is arranged on the central axis of the driving gear, and the crank drives the driving gear to rotate.

[0013] A further solution is that the saw teeth of the sawtooth groove are triangular saw teeth with a height of 1 mm to 2 mm and an angle of 30 degrees to 45 degrees.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the semi-automatic device can reduce the damage to bone tissue and flexibly adjust the impact force of the impact head by reasonably designing the impact head and increasing the adjustment of the impact force.

[0015] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a sprocket transmission mechanism with a movable base of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sprocket transmission mechanism driven by a motor of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a manually driven sprocket transmission mechanism of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] A medical bone crusher, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the medical bone crusher includes a support frame 1, which is a closed frame forming a dustproof outer cover, wherein a piston cylinder 2 is arranged in the support frame, and the cross-section of the piston cylinder can be rectangular or circular, and the cross-section of the piston cylinder in this embodiment is circular. A bone crushing seat 3 is arranged on one end side of the piston cylinder, and a piston-type bone crushing hammer 5 pushed by a spring 4 is arranged on the other end side of the piston cylinder. The hollowness of the piston cylinder forms a bone crushing chamber, and the piston-type bone crushing hammer collides with the bone crushing seat through the push of the spring to achieve bone crushing. The surfaces where the bone crushing seat collides with the piston-type bone crushing hammer are respectively provided with sawtooth grooves 301 and 501, and at least one long notch 201 is axially arranged on the side wall of the piston cylinder, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, in order to ensure uniform force, there are two long slots 201 in this embodiment, and the two long slots 201 are arranged opposite to each other; a passive arm 501 is arranged on the piston-type bone crushing hammer opposite to the long slot 201, and the passive arm extends from the long slot hole. A driving device periodically triggers the passive arm to drive the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move the compression spring. After the spring is compressed, when the manual driving device is separated from the passive arm, the spring releases the compression force to push the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move and hit the bone crushing seat. One end of the piston cylinder is an openable port 201, through which the broken bones are put in and taken out; the piston cylinder is used in a vertical fixed position, so the openable port can be on the bone crushing seat side of the piston cylinder or on the side of the piston-type bone crushing hammer, as required, and the bone crushing seat can be set at the lower end or upper end of the vertical piston cylinder.

[0021] As a preferred solution: the bone crushing seat 3 in the embodiment is fixed downwardly at the upper end of the piston cylinder in the vertical piston cylinder 2, such as Figure 1 As shown, the lower end of the piston cylinder 2 is an openable port 201 of the piston cylinder, and a detachable plug 6 is arranged at the openable port. The spring 4 is pressed against the detachable plug 6 between the piston-type bone crushing hammer 5 and the detachable plug 6 .

[0022] For easy disassembly and assembly, the detachable plug is fixed to the openable port of the piston cylinder through a threaded detachable connection. To ensure the stability of the spring, grooves 502 and 601 are respectively provided on the piston-type bone crushing hammer 5 and the detachable plug 6, and the spring sits in the grooves. In addition, for smooth movement of the piston-type bone crushing hammer 5, a guide rod 302 is provided below the bone crushing seat, and the piston-type bone crushing hammer is provided with a guide hole. The piston-type bone crushing hammer is sleeved on the guide rod of the bone crushing seat through the guide hole and moves up and down along the guide rod.

[0023] In order to ensure smooth up and down movement of the piston-type bone crushing hammer, a gap of no more than 2 mm is left between the piston-type bone crushing hammer and the piston cylinder wall. The groove of the piston-type bone crushing hammer is a sleeve arranged downward on the end surface of the piston-type bone crushing hammer. In order to collect the broken bones falling from the gap, the lower edge of the sleeve is tilted outward and upward to form a broken bone collection plate 503. There is sliding friction between the outer edge of the broken bone collection plate and the piston cylinder wall, and the gap is less than 0.1 mm.

[0024] In the embodiment, the driving device can have a variety of structures, for example, an eccentric wheel can be driven by a swing arm as an active arm to periodically trigger a passive arm to drive the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move a compression spring. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the driving device includes a group of two gears arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the piston cylinder corresponding to a long slot and a passive lever arm 501 on the support frame. There are two passive lever arms 501 in the two long slots, so there are two groups of gears, one gear in each group of gears is a driving gear 7, and the other gear is a passive gear 8. A chain 9 is sleeved on the two gears, and the two gears drive the chain to rotate parallel to the axial direction of the piston cylinder. An active lever arm 10 is arranged on the chain, and rotating the active gear drives the chain to rotate. The interval installation relationship between the two gears and the piston cylinder is that the active lever arm on the chain can periodically trigger the passive lever arm to drive the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move the compression spring. In this embodiment, the two active gears 7 of the two groups of gears are connected in series to an active shaft, and the two passive gears 8 are connected in series to a passive shaft. The active shaft and the passive shaft are supported on the support frame 1 through bearings.

[0025] In order to adjust the spring compression, Figure 2As shown: the support frame is provided with a base 11 which moves along the axial direction of the piston cylinder, and the two gears are installed on the base. The movable base can adjust the distance that the active arm on the chain moves the passive arm, and then the compression distance of the compression spring can be adjusted to realize the adjustment of the impact force of the piston-type bone crushing hammer.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the driving gear can be driven by installing a servo motor 12 on the driving wheel, and the servo motor drives the driving gear to rotate.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the driving gear can be driven manually, so a crank 13 is provided on the central axis of the driving gear, and the manual crank drives the driving gear to rotate.

[0028] The medical bone crusher is designed according to actual needs to have serrated grooves on the bone crushing seat 3 and the piston-type bone crushing hammer 5. As a preferred solution, the serrations of the serrated grooves are triangular serrations with a height of 1 mm to 2 mm and an angle of 30 to 45 degrees.

[0029] The bone crushing work of the medical bone crusher is completed in the bone crushing chamber in the piston cylinder. The bone crushing chamber is provided with a piston-type bone crushing hammer 5, a fixed bone crushing seat 3, and a bone crushing collecting plate 503. The bone is placed on the working surface of the bone crushing hammer, and the hand wheel is manually operated or the power supply of the servo motor is turned on to drive the sprocket transmission mechanism to rotate. The shifter-active shifter arm 10 provided on the sprocket will sequentially contact the cylindrical block-passive shifter arm 501 protruding on the outer circle of the bone crushing hammer. After the shifter on the sprocket contacts the block on the bone crushing hammer, the power spring 4 under the bone crushing hammer is compressed. When the shifter on the sprocket is separated from the block on the bone crushing hammer, the power spring quickly resets and pushes the bone crushing hammer to impact the fixed bone crushing seat once. The rotational motion of the sprocket mechanism drives the bone crushing hammer to do up and down reciprocating motion in the bone crushing chamber to impact the fixed bone crushing seat to complete the bone crushing work. Before bone crushing, it is necessary to loosen the detachable plug 6 of the bottom shell of the bone crushing chamber, take out the bone crushing hammer, place the bone to be crushed on the serrated working surface of the bone crushing hammer, and then reinstall the detachable plug 6 at the bottom of the bone crushing chamber; after the bone crushing is completed, it is also necessary to loosen the thread of the detachable plug 6 at the bottom of the bone crushing chamber, take out the bone crushing hammer, and collect bone particles from the working surface of the bone crushing hammer and the bone crushing collection tray. The function of the bone crushing collection tray is to collect the fine bone particles splashed during the bone crushing process, and the structure is designed to be integrated with the bone crushing collection tray. The medical bone crusher of this embodiment has low labor intensity and high work efficiency, is easy to operate for changing the size of the bone particles required for the operation, has no strong hard impact, and can well protect the bone tissue of the bone particles.

Claims

1. A medical bone crusher, comprising a support frame, characterized in that: A piston cylinder is arranged in the supporting frame, a bone crushing seat is arranged on one end side of the piston cylinder, and a piston-type bone crushing hammer pushed by a spring is arranged on the other end side of the piston cylinder, the hollowness of the piston cylinder forms a bone crushing chamber, and the piston-type bone crushing hammer collides with the bone crushing seat through the push of the spring to achieve bone crushing, and the surfaces where the bone crushing seat collides with the piston-type bone crushing hammer are respectively provided with sawtooth grooves, and at least one long notch is axially arranged on the side wall of the piston cylinder, and a passive lever arm is arranged on the piston-type bone crushing hammer corresponding to the long notch, and the passive lever arm extends out of the long slot hole, and a driving device periodically triggers the passive lever arm to drive the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move the compression spring, and after the spring is compressed, when the manual driving device is disengaged from the passive lever arm, the spring releases the compression force to push the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move and collide with the bone crushing seat, and one end of the piston cylinder is an openable port, and the broken bones are put in and taken out through the openable port; A gap of no more than 2 mm is left between the piston-type bone crushing hammer and the piston cylinder wall. A sleeve is downwardly arranged on the lower end surface of the piston-type bone crushing hammer. The lower edge of the sleeve tilts outward and upward to form a bone crushing collection plate to collect the broken bones falling from the gap. The outer edge of the bone crushing collection plate slides and rubs against the piston cylinder wall, and the gap is less than 0.1 mm. The bone crushing seat is fixed downwardly on the upper end of the piston cylinder in the vertical piston cylinder, the lower end of the piston cylinder is an openable port of the piston cylinder, a detachable plug is arranged on the openable port, and the spring is between the piston-type bone crushing hammer and the detachable plug and presses on the detachable plug; The detachable plug is fixed to the openable port of the piston cylinder by a threaded detachable connection, and grooves are respectively provided on the piston-type bone crushing hammer and the detachable plug, and the spring sits in the groove; The bone crushing seat is provided with a guide rod downward, and the piston-type bone crushing hammer is provided with a guide hole. The piston-type bone crushing hammer is sleeved on the guide rod of the bone crushing seat through the guide hole and moves up and down along the guide rod.

2. The medical bone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device includes two gears arranged at intervals along a long slot along the axial direction of the piston cylinder on a supporting frame, one of the gears is a driving gear, a chain is mounted on the two gears, the two gears drive the chain to rotate parallel to the axial direction of the piston cylinder, an active lever arm is arranged on the chain, and the driving gear is rotated to drive the chain to rotate. The interval installation relationship between the two gears and the piston cylinder is such that the active lever arm on the chain can periodically trigger the passive lever arm to drive the piston-type bone crushing hammer to move the compression spring.

3. The medical bone crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support frame is provided with a base which moves along the axial direction of the piston cylinder, and the two gears are installed on the base. The movable base can adjust the distance that the active arm on the chain moves the passive arm, and then the compression distance of the compression spring can be adjusted to realize the adjustment of the impact force of the piston-type bone crushing hammer.

4. The medical bone crusher according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The driving gear is driven to rotate by a servo motor.

5. The medical bone crusher according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A crank is arranged on the central axis of the driving gear, and the hand-cranked crank drives the driving gear to rotate.

6. The medical bone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The saw teeth of the sawtooth groove are triangular saw teeth with a height of 1 mm to 2 mm and an angle of 30 degrees to 45 degrees.

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