A model for simulating arteriovenous fistula puncture

Abstract

The present invention discloses a simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture model, including a storage box, a simulated arm is arranged in the storage box, a simulated arteriovenous fistula is connected between the simulated venous blood vessel and the simulated arterial blood vessel, a cavity is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box, and the left and right sides of the inner wall of the cavity are both rotatably connected with bidirectional threaded rods through bearings, a fixed rod is fixedly connected to the front side of the extension mechanism near its top, a placement cavity is opened on the left and right sides of the storage box near its top, and an end of the push mechanism near the push rod is hinged to the rear end of the push rod. The present invention solves the problem that it is not easy to use the puncture instrument and record the puncture process when the arteriovenous fistula puncture model is used, and it is not easy to store and organize the arteriovenous fistula puncture model, the puncture instrument and the record according to after use, which brings inconvenience to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical teaching equipment, in particular to a model for simulating arteriovenous fistula puncture. Background Art

[0002] The prerequisite for hemodialysis is to have a reliable vascular access, and the quality of vascular access directly affects the patient's dialysis and quality of life. Foreign studies have shown that hospitalization due to vascular access has become the first reason for hospitalization of maintenance dialysis patients and is the main factor causing medical expenses. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) refers to a vascular channel established by subcutaneous anastomosis of arteries and veins. It is currently the most commonly used vascular access for hemodialysis patients and is called the "lifeline" of patients. Continuous education and training can reduce the occurrence of fistula complications, reduce the resulting medical costs, prolong the use of fistulas, and improve the quality of life of patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simulated arteriovenous fistula arm model to form a circulatory loop system to show the appearance of AVF, simulate the function of AVF, and practice AVF puncture. At the same time, it is linked with the hemodialysis machine to simulate the hemodialysis treatment process, thereby providing nurses, patients and their caregivers with visible, knowable, and tangible education and training, so that they can jointly master the correct method of maintaining arteriovenous fistulas.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent publication number CN209056147U discloses an arteriovenous fistula puncture model, including an arm model, on which a simulated arteriovenous fistula blood vessel, a simulated arterial blood vessel and a simulated venous blood vessel are provided, the two ends of the simulated arteriovenous fistula blood vessel are respectively connected to the outer peripheral surfaces of the simulated arterial blood vessel and the simulated venous blood vessel, the two end ports of the simulated arteriovenous fistula blood vessel are both wedge-shaped openings, the simulated arterial blood vessel and the simulated venous blood vessel are provided with elliptical connecting openings adapted to the wedge-shaped openings, the outer peripheral surface of the wedge-shaped opening is provided with first suture holes distributed at intervals along the circumference thereof, the outer peripheral surface of the elliptical connecting opening is provided with second suture holes distributed at intervals along the circumference thereof, and the first suture hole and the second suture hole are connected by sutures.

[0004] Since the arteriovenous fistula puncture model is not easy to use the puncture instrument and record the puncture process when in use, and it is not easy to store and organize the arteriovenous fistula puncture model, puncture instrument and records after use, it brings inconvenience to use, so improvement is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simulated arteriovenous fistula vascular puncture model, which has the advantage that when arteriovenous fistula puncture simulation training is needed, the puncture box can be extended out of the storage box, and the puncture instrument placement plate and the puncture experiment recording plate can also be extended out of the storage box, which is convenient for using the puncture instrument and recording the problems encountered during the puncture process. At the end of the puncture simulation training, the puncture model, the puncture instrument placement plate and the puncture experiment recording plate can all be retracted into the storage box at the same time, which brings the advantage of convenience for storage and organization, and solves the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture model, comprising a storage box, a simulated arm is arranged in the storage box, and the front sides of the simulated arm near the left and right sides are respectively provided with simulated venous blood vessels and simulated arterial blood vessels, and the bottom ends of the simulated venous blood vessels and the simulated arterial blood vessels are connected with infusion heads as venous end puncture points and arterial end puncture points respectively, a simulated arteriovenous blood fistula is connected between the simulated venous blood vessels and the simulated arterial blood vessels, and a simulated membrane is arranged on the surface of the simulated arm, a cavity is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box, and the left and right sides of the inner wall of the cavity are rotatably connected with bidirectional threaded rods through bearings, and the surface of the bidirectional threaded rods is threadedly connected with two symmetrical moving blocks, and the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box is hinged with an extension mechanism, and the left and right sides of the storage box near the inner wall of the middle are slidably connected with a lifting plate, and the simulated arm is placed on the lifting plate, and the front side of the extension mechanism near the top is fixedly connected with a fixed rod, and the front side of the lifting plate is provided with two through grooves for the fixed rod to move.

[0007] The storage box is slidably mounted with a puncture instrument placement plate and a puncture experiment recording plate on the left and right sides near the top inner wall thereof, respectively; the rear sides of the puncture instrument placement plate and the puncture experiment recording plate are fixedly connected with push rods; the storage box is provided with placement cavities on the left and right sides near the top thereof, and push-out mechanisms are provided in the placement cavities, and the push-out mechanisms are transmission-connected to the bidirectional threaded rod through a transmission member, and one end of the push-out mechanism close to the push rod is hinged to the rear end of the push rod.

[0008] Preferably, the extending mechanism includes two rocker arms, the bottom ends of the two rocker arms are hinged to the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box, the top end of the moving block is hinged with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod away from the moving block is hinged to a side of the rocker arm close to the connecting rod, the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the front side of the rocker arm close to its top, and the fixed rod is slidably connected to the through slot.

[0009] Preferably, the ejection mechanism includes a rack plate, the lower surface of the rack plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the placement cavity, the left and right sides of the inner wall of the placement cavity are rotatably connected with a rotating shaft through a bearing, and the surface of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a gear, the gear is meshingly connected with the rack plate, the rear end of the rack plate is fixedly connected to a moving rod, two symmetrical support rods are fixedly connected to the rear side of the storage box near its left and right sides, a power rod is provided between the moving rod and the push rod, two symmetrical T-shaped grooves are provided on the power rod near both ends and on one side close to the storage box, and a T-shaped slider is slidably connected in the T-shaped groove, the end of the T-shaped slider close to the storage box is respectively hinged to the rear ends of the moving rod and the push rod relative to it, and the rear end of the support rod is hinged to the side of the power rod close to the storage box.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission member includes two pulleys, the two pulleys are fixedly connected to the end of the bidirectional threaded rod and the rotating shaft respectively, and the two pulleys are connected by belt transmission.

[0011] Preferably, the puncture device placement plate and the puncture experiment recording plate are fixedly connected to the opposite sides thereof with sliders, the left and right sides of the inner wall of the storage box are provided with sliding grooves for the sliders to move, and the front side of the storage box near the top is provided with two through grooves for the puncture device placement plate and the puncture experiment recording plate to pass through.

[0012] Preferably, the puncture instrument placement plate and the puncture experiment recording plate are of the same size and shape, and the upper surface of the puncture instrument placement plate is provided with a plurality of different instrument placement grooves.

[0013] Preferably, a moving groove for the moving block to move is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box.

[0014] Preferably, a simulated venous blood bag and a simulated arterial blood bag are provided at the top of the simulated venous blood vessel and the simulated arterial blood vessel, respectively, and a micro vibrator is provided inside the simulated arterial blood vessel near its top.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the cooperation of the bidirectional threaded rod, the moving block, the connecting rod, the swing rod, the lifting plate and the through groove, the lifting plate can move upward, thereby driving the arteriovenous fistula puncture model to extend out of the storage box, which is convenient for the operator to use; at the same time, under the transmission action of the belt and the pulley, the gear rotates, and the gear rotation causes the rack plate to move backward in the placement cavity, so that under the action of the moving rod, the support rod, the power rod, the push rod, the T-shaped slide groove and the T-shaped slide block, the puncture instrument placement plate and the puncture experiment recording plate are pushed out of the storage box, which is convenient for the operator to use the puncture instrument and record the problems encountered during the puncture process; at the end of the puncture simulation training, the puncture model, the puncture instrument placement plate and the puncture experiment recording plate can all be retracted into the storage box at the same time, which brings convenience to storage and organization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of the puncture model of the present invention when it is not extended out of the storage box;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view at AA of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the puncture model of the present invention when it is extended out of the storage box;

[0019] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the puncture model of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is an enlarged view of the structure at location A of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1-storage box, 2-simulated arm, 3-simulated vein, 4-simulated artery, 5-simulated arteriovenous fistula, 6-moving block, 7-extending mechanism, 8-lifting plate, 9-through slot, 10-puncture instrument placement plate, 11-puncture experiment recording board, 12-push rod, 13-pushing mechanism, 14-transmission part, 15-rack plate, 16-gear, 17-moving rod, 18-support rod, 19-power rod, 20-T-type slider, 21-belt, 22-slider, 23-micro vibrator, 24-bidirectional threaded rod, 25-swing rod, 26-connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 5The present invention provides a technical solution: a simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture model, comprising a storage box 1, a simulated arm 2 is arranged in the storage box 1, and a simulated vein 3 and a simulated artery 4 are respectively arranged on the front side of the simulated arm 2 near the left and right sides thereof, and the bottom ends of the simulated vein 3 and the simulated artery 4 are connected with infusion heads as the venous end puncture point and the arterial end puncture point respectively, and the infusion head is a heparin cap for repeated puncture and pressing, and a simulated arteriovenous blood fistula 5 is connected between the simulated vein 3 and the simulated artery 4, and the diameter of the through hole in the middle of the simulated arteriovenous fistula 5 is 1 / 5 of the diameter of the simulated vein 3. During the arteriovenous fistula operation, an artery with a diameter greater than or equal to 2 mm and a vein with a diameter greater than or equal to 2.5 mm will be selected for radial surgery, so the diameters of the simulated artery 4 and the simulated vein 3 also need to be standardized, because there is a pulse on the simulated artery 4, so the through hole in the middle of the simulated arteriovenous fistula 5 is smaller to ensure that the pulse will not be transmitted to the simulated vein 3 while the blood is connected, the structure is simple, and the model is realistic.

[0024] Furthermore, a simulated venous blood bag and a simulated arterial blood bag are provided at the top of the simulated venous blood vessel 3 and the simulated arterial blood vessel 4, respectively. The simulated venous blood bag and the simulated arterial blood bag are filled with blue ink and red ink, respectively, making the puncture process more realistic. A micro vibrator 23 is provided inside the simulated arterial blood vessel 4 near its top. The micro vibrator 23 simulates the pulse of the simulated arterial blood vessel 4, further making the puncture process more realistic.

[0025] A simulated membrane is provided on the surface of the simulated arm 2, and the simulated skin 2 is made of elastic silicone material to facilitate repeated puncture and pressing. A cavity is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box 1, and the left and right sides of the inner wall of the cavity are rotatably connected with a bidirectional threaded rod 24 through bearings. The surface of the bidirectional threaded rod 24 is threadedly connected with two symmetrical moving blocks 6, and the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box 1 is hinged with an extension mechanism 7.

[0026] Specifically, the extending mechanism 7 includes two rocker arms 25, the bottom ends of the two rocker arms 25 are hinged to the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box 1, and the top of the moving block 6 is hinged with a connecting rod 26. The end of the connecting rod 26 away from the moving block 6 is hinged to the side of the rocker arm 25 close to the connecting rod 26, and the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the front side of the rocker arm 25 close to its top, and the fixed rod is slidably connected to the through groove 9. When a simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture experiment is required, the box cover of the storage box 1 is first opened, and then the bidirectional threaded rod 24 is rotated. Since the bidirectional threaded rod 24 is threadedly connected to the moving block 6, and the connecting rod 26 and the moving through groove limit the rotation of the moving block 6, the two moving blocks 6 can move closer to each other on the surface of the bidirectional threaded rod 24, thereby pushing the two rocker arms 25 to close to the middle around the hinge point under the action of the two connecting rods 26, and the lifting plate 8 moves upward under the action of the fixed rod and the through groove 9, thereby driving the arteriovenous fistula puncture model to extend out of the storage box 1, which is convenient for the operator to use.

[0027] Furthermore, a moving groove for the moving block 6 to move is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box 1 , and the moving groove limits the rotation of the moving block 6 .

[0028] A lifting plate 8 is slidably connected to the left and right sides of the storage box 1 near the central inner wall, and the simulated arm 2 is placed on the lifting plate 8. A fixing rod is fixedly connected to the front side of the extension mechanism 7 near its top, and two through grooves 9 are provided on the front side of the lifting plate 8 for the fixing rod to move.

[0029] A puncture instrument placement plate 10 and a puncture experiment recording plate 11 are slidably mounted on the left and right sides of the storage box 1 near the top inner wall thereof.

[0030] Furthermore, the opposite sides of the puncture instrument placement plate 10 and the puncture experiment recording plate 11 are fixedly connected with sliders 22, and the left and right sides of the inner wall of the storage box 1 are provided with sliding grooves for the sliders 22 to move, and the front side of the storage box 1 near the top is provided with two through grooves for the puncture instrument placement plate 10 and the puncture experiment recording plate 11 to pass through. The setting of the sliding groove and the slider 22 makes the movement of the puncture instrument placement plate 10 and the puncture experiment recording plate 11 more stable and smooth.

[0031] Furthermore, the puncture instrument placement plate 10 and the puncture experiment recording plate 11 are of the same size and shape, and the upper surface of the puncture instrument placement plate 10 is provided with a plurality of different instrument placement slots, which are used to place instruments for puncture operations.

[0032] The rear sides of the puncture instrument placement plate 10 and the puncture experiment recording plate 11 are fixedly connected with a push rod 12. The storage box 1 is provided with a placement cavity on both sides near the top thereof, and a push-out mechanism 13 is provided in the placement cavity. The push-out mechanism 13 is transmission-connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 5 through a transmission member 14, and one end of the push-out mechanism 13 close to the push rod 12 is hinged to the rear end of the push rod 12.

[0033] Specifically, the ejection mechanism 13 includes a rack plate 15, the lower surface of the rack plate 15 is slidably connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the placement cavity, the left and right sides of the inner wall of the placement cavity are rotatably connected with a rotating shaft through a bearing, and the surface of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a gear 16, the gear 16 is meshed and connected with the rack plate 15, and the rear end of the rack plate 15 is fixedly connected with a moving rod 17, and two symmetrical support rods 18 are fixedly connected to the rear side of the storage box 1 near its left and right sides, and a power rod 19 is provided between the moving rod 17 and the push rod 12, and the power rod 19 has two symmetrical T-shaped grooves near both ends and one side close to the storage box 1, and a T-shaped slider 20 is slidably connected in the T-shaped groove, and the end of the T-shaped slider 20 close to the storage box 1 is respectively hinged to the rear ends of the moving rod 17 and the push rod 12 relative to it, and the rear end of the support rod 18 is hinged to the side of the power rod 19 close to the storage box 1.

[0034] Furthermore, the transmission member 14 includes two pulleys, which are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the bidirectional threaded rod 5 and the rotating shaft, and the two pulleys are connected by a belt 21. At the same time, under the transmission action of the belt 21 and the pulley, the gear 16 rotates, and the rotation of the gear 16 causes the rack plate 15 to move backward in the placement cavity, so that under the action of the moving rod 17, the support rod 18, the power rod 19, the push rod 12, the T-shaped slide groove and the T-shaped slider 20, the puncture instrument placement plate 10 and the puncture experiment recording plate 11 are pushed out of the storage box 1, which is convenient for the operator to use the puncture instrument and record the problems encountered during the puncture process. At the end of the puncture simulation training, the puncture model and the puncture instrument placement plate 10 and the puncture experiment recording plate 11 can all be retracted into the storage box 1 at the same time, which brings convenience to storage and organization.

[0035] Working principle: When the simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture model is in use and a simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture experiment is required, the lid of the storage box 1 is first opened, and then the bidirectional threaded rod 24 is rotated. Since the bidirectional threaded rod 24 is threadedly connected to the moving block 6, and the connecting rod 26 and the moving through groove limit the rotation of the moving block 6, the two moving blocks 6 can move closer to each other on the surface of the bidirectional threaded rod 24, thereby pushing the two swing rods 25 to close to the middle around the hinge point under the action of the two connecting rods 26, and the lifting plate 8 moves upward under the action of the fixed rod and the through groove 9, thereby driving the arteriovenous fistula puncture model to extend out of the storage box 1. The operator uses it, and under the transmission action of the belt 21 and the pulley, the gear 16 rotates, and the rotation of the gear 16 causes the rack plate 15 to move backward in the placement cavity, so that under the action of the moving rod 17, the support rod 18, the power rod 19, the push rod 12, the T-shaped slide groove and the T-shaped slider 20, the puncture instrument placement plate 10 and the puncture experiment recording plate 11 are pushed out of the storage box 1, which is convenient for the operator to use the puncture instrument and record the problems encountered during the puncture process. At the end of the puncture simulation training, the puncture model and the puncture instrument placement plate 10 and the puncture experiment recording plate 11 can all be retracted into the storage box 1 at the same time, which brings convenience to storage and organization.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture model, comprising a storage box (1), wherein a simulated arm (2) is arranged in the storage box (1), and a simulated venous blood vessel (3) and a simulated arterial blood vessel (4) are arranged on the front side of the simulated arm (2) near the left and right sides thereof, respectively, and the bottom ends of the simulated venous blood vessel (3) and the simulated arterial blood vessel (4) are connected to infusion heads as the venous end puncture point and the arterial end puncture point respectively, and a simulated arteriovenous fistula (5) is connected between the simulated venous blood vessel (3) and the simulated arterial blood vessel (4), and a simulated membrane is arranged on the surface of the simulated arm (2), characterized in that: A cavity is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box (1), and the left and right sides of the inner wall of the cavity are rotatably connected with a bidirectional threaded rod (24) through bearings, and the surface of the bidirectional threaded rod (24) is threadedly connected with two symmetrical moving blocks (6), and the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box (1) is hinged with an extension mechanism (7), and the left and right sides of the inner wall of the storage box (1) are slidably connected with a lifting plate (8), and the simulated arm (2) is placed on the lifting plate (8), and the front side of the extension mechanism (7) near the top thereof is fixedly connected with a fixing rod, and the front side of the lifting plate (8) is provided with two through grooves (9) for the fixing rod to move; The storage box (1) is provided with a puncture instrument placement plate (10) and a puncture experiment recording plate (11) slidably mounted on the left and right sides of the inner wall near the top thereof, respectively; the rear sides of the puncture instrument placement plate (10) and the puncture experiment recording plate (11) are fixedly connected with a push rod (12); the storage box (1) is provided with a placement cavity on the left and right sides near the top thereof, and a push mechanism (13) is provided in the placement cavity; the push mechanism (13) is transmission-connected to the bidirectional threaded rod (5) through a transmission member (14); and one end of the push mechanism (13) near the push rod (12) is hinged to the rear end of the push rod (12); The extending mechanism (7) comprises two swing rods (25), the bottom ends of the two swing rods (25) are hinged to the bottom of the inner wall of the storage box (1), the top end of the moving block (6) is hinged to a connecting rod (26), one end of the connecting rod (26) away from the moving block (6) is hinged to a side of the swing rod (25) close to the connecting rod (26), the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the front side of the swing rod (25) close to the top thereof, and the fixing rod is slidably connected to the through slot (9); The ejection mechanism (13) comprises a rack plate (15), the lower surface of which is slidably connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the placement cavity, the left and right sides of the inner wall of the placement cavity are rotatably connected to a rotating shaft through a bearing, and the surface of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a gear (16), the gear (16) is meshedly connected to the rack plate (15), the rear end of the rack plate (15) is fixedly connected to a moving rod (17), and two symmetrical support rods (17) are fixedly connected to the rear side of the storage box (1) near the left and right sides thereof. 18), a power rod (19) is provided between the moving rod (17) and the push rod (12), and two symmetrical T-shaped grooves are provided on the power rod (19) near both ends and on a side close to the storage box (1), and a T-shaped slider (20) is slidably connected in the T-shaped groove, and one end of the T-shaped slider (20) close to the storage box (1) is respectively hinged to the rear end of the moving rod (17) and the push rod (12) relative to it, and the rear end of the support rod (18) is hinged to the side of the power rod (19) close to the storage box (1); The transmission member (14) comprises two pulleys, which are respectively fixedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod (5) and the end of the rotating shaft, and the two pulleys are connected by a belt (21).

2. The simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The puncture device placement plate (10) and the puncture experiment recording plate (11) are fixedly connected to the opposite sides thereof with a slider (22), and the left and right sides of the inner wall of the storage box (1) are provided with a slide groove for the slider (22) to move, and the front side of the storage box (1) near the top thereof is provided with two through grooves for the puncture device placement plate (10) and the puncture experiment recording plate (11) to pass through.

3. The simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The puncture instrument placement plate (10) and the puncture experiment recording plate (11) are of the same size and shape, and the upper surface of the puncture instrument placement plate (10) is provided with a plurality of different instrument placement grooves.

4. The simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner wall of the storage box (1) is provided with a moving groove for the moving block (6) to move.

5. The simulated arteriovenous fistula puncture model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top ends of the simulated venous blood vessels (3) and the simulated arterial blood vessels (4) are provided with simulated venous blood bags and simulated arterial blood bags, respectively, and a micro vibrator (23) is provided inside the simulated arterial blood vessels (4) near the top end thereof.

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