An automatic trash cleaning device in front of the trash rack of a hydropower station

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of pollution-blocking equipment for hydropower stations, and more specifically, to an automatic pollution-cleaning device in front of a trash rack of a hydropower station. The device comprises a horizontal guide rail arranged at the water-facing side of the trash rack and a pollution-cleaning mechanism arranged on the horizontal guide rail, wherein the pollution-cleaning mechanism comprises a vertical guide rail that can slide along the horizontal guide rail, a fixed pollution-cleaning cover arranged at the upper end of the vertical guide rail, and a sliding pollution-cleaning cover that can slide along the vertical guide rail and is located below the fixed pollution-cleaning cover. The cover openings of the fixed pollution-cleaning cover and the sliding pollution-cleaning cover are relatively distributed, so that after the sliding pollution-cleaning cover slides along the vertical guide rail to the fixed pollution-cleaning cover, the fixed pollution-cleaning cover and the sliding pollution-cleaning cover can be jointly enclosed to form a closed pollution-cleaning chamber, and a rotatable blade is arranged in the fixed pollution-cleaning cover, and the debris in the pollution-cleaning chamber can be crushed by the rotation of the blade. The present invention can conveniently and efficiently remove the blockage in front of the trash rack, which is beneficial to maintaining the power generation rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of trash-blocking equipment for hydropower stations, in particular to an automatic trash-cleaning device in front of a trash rack for a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] Trash racks are usually installed at the entrance gate of the power generation tunnel of a hydropower plant to intercept large or long floating or suspended debris in the river. When there are a lot of debris accumulated in front of the trash rack, it will cause the trash rack to be blocked, forming a water level difference before and after the trash rack, reducing the effective water head of the unit and affecting the power generation efficiency of the unit.

[0003] Since most hydropower stations are located in remote mountainous areas with few people, there is little domestic garbage and common floating garbage such as plastic bottles and plastic bags can enter the power generation hole through the grid of the trash rack and will not be blocked in front of the trash rack. The debris in front of the trash rack is mostly water plants, branches, etc. The existing trash rack cleaning equipment is generally a rake type, grab bucket type, box type and other structures to pick up the debris and transport it away, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and requires manual regular inspection and cleaning. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide an automatic trash cleaning device in front of a trash rack of a hydropower station, which can conveniently and efficiently remove blockages in front of the trash rack, thereby facilitating the maintenance of power generation efficiency.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an automatic garbage cleaning device in front of the garbage rack of a hydropower station, comprising a horizontal guide rail arranged at the water-facing side of the garbage rack and a garbage cleaning mechanism arranged on the horizontal guide rail, the garbage cleaning mechanism comprising a vertical guide rail that can slide along the horizontal guide rail, a fixed garbage cleaning cover arranged at the upper end of the vertical guide rail, and a sliding garbage cleaning cover that can slide along the vertical guide rail and is located below the fixed garbage cleaning cover, the cover openings of the fixed garbage cleaning cover and the sliding garbage cleaning cover are relatively distributed, so that after the sliding garbage cleaning cover slides along the vertical guide rail to the fixed garbage cleaning cover, the fixed garbage cleaning cover and the sliding garbage cleaning cover can be jointly enclosed to form a closed garbage cleaning chamber, a rotatable blade is provided in the fixed garbage cleaning cover, and the debris in the garbage cleaning chamber can be crushed by the rotation of the blade.

[0006] Preferably, the cross-sections of the fixed cleaning cover and the sliding cleaning cover are both semicircular, and the longitudinal directions of the fixed cleaning cover and the sliding cleaning cover coincide with the direction of water flowing toward the trash rack.

[0007] Preferably, grilles are provided at the ends of the fixed cleaning cover and the sliding cleaning cover, and the grille diameter is one-fourth of the diameter of the trash rack, and the blade shaft is rotatably arranged on the grille corresponding to the fixed cleaning cover; a plurality of circular holes are evenly spaced on the circumferential surfaces of the fixed cleaning cover and the sliding cleaning cover, and the aperture of the circular holes is one-eighth of the diameter of the trash rack.

[0008] Preferably, the fixed cleaning cover is provided with upper flanges on both sides of its cover opening, and the sliding cleaning cover is provided with lower flanges on both sides of its cover opening; vertically distributed guide columns are provided on the lower flanges, and corresponding guide holes for the guide columns to be plugged in and matched are provided on the upper flanges.

[0009] Preferably, a gate knife is provided on the upper flange and is distributed axially along the fixed cleaning cover, and a knife groove for the gate knife to cooperate with is provided on the lower flange, and the gate knife is used to close with the knife groove to cut off the debris located on the edge of the sliding cleaning cover; a vibration motor is also provided on the vertical guide rail, and the vibration motor is used to make the cut-off debris fall into the sliding cleaning cover through vibration.

[0010] Preferably, a guide wheel is provided on the vertical guide rail for pushing the cleaning mechanism to move along the horizontal guide rail, and the guide wheel is driven to rotate by a motor; a winch is provided at the upper end of the vertical guide rail for driving the sliding cleaning cover to move upward, and the lifting rope of the winch is fixed to the lower flange. The fixed cleaning cover is also provided with a travel switch that cooperates with the guide column to control the closing of the winch.

[0011] Preferably, a vortex blade is provided at the bottom of the sliding cleaning cover, and the vortex blade is used to form a vortex to suck the debris located at the edge of the sliding cleaning cover into the sliding cleaning cover.

[0012] Preferably, there is also a control system for controlling the automatic cleaning of the garbage cleaning mechanism, the control system includes a PLC and a first rangefinder and a second rangefinder connected to the PLC signal; the first rangefinder is arranged at the water-facing end of the fixed garbage cleaning hood and is used to detect the water level in front of the garbage rack, the second rangefinder is arranged at the water-receiving end of the fixed garbage cleaning hood and passes over the top of the garbage rack, and the second rangefinder is used to detect the water level behind the garbage rack; a garbage cleaning program is set in the PLC, and the garbage cleaning program makes it so that when the water level difference obtained by the first rangefinder and the second rangefinder is greater than a specific value, the winch is used to control the sliding garbage cleaning hood to move up to engage with the fixed garbage cleaning hood, and the blade is used to crush the debris in the garbage cleaning cavity.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes two third rangefinders respectively arranged on both sides of the fixed cleaning cover, the third rangefinder is connected to the PLC signal and cooperates with the bases on both sides of the trash rack to measure the distance, and the PLC is also set with a cruising program. The cruising program makes it possible for the cleaning mechanism to slide along the horizontal guide rail through the guide wheel. When the distance between any third rangefinder and the base on the corresponding side of the trash rack is less than a specific value, the motor is controlled to reverse to make the cleaning mechanism move in the opposite direction.

[0014] Preferably, a temperature sensor and an anemometer respectively connected to the PLC signal are also provided on the fixed cleaning cover.

[0015] Beneficial Effects

[0016] The cleaning mechanism of the present invention includes a fixed cleaning cover fixed at the upper end of the vertical guide rail and a sliding cleaning cover slidably arranged on the vertical guide rail. During the cleaning operation, the sliding cleaning cover can be controlled to move upward to engage with the fixed cleaning cover, and the debris lifted by the sliding cleaning cover to the cleaning chamber is crushed by the high-speed rotation of the blade, and after crushing, the crushed debris is thrown into the water by the downward movement of the sliding cleaning cover along the vertical guide rail. It can enter the power generation hole through the trash rack and then be discharged into the downstream river channel, which will not cause adverse effects on the water guide mechanisms such as the guide vanes and blades of the turbine, and will not cause pollution to the environment. The cleaning process does not require direct human participation to pick up and transport the debris, saving manpower.

[0017] The cleaning mechanism of the present invention is slidably arranged on a horizontal guide rail distributed along the width direction of the trash rack, and the cleaning mechanism can perform patrol detection on each position of the trash rack by reciprocatingly sliding along the horizontal guide rail. For a hydropower station with trash racks arranged side by side, only one cleaning mechanism is needed to clean the debris in front of the trash rack of the entire power station.

[0018] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the built-in program in the PLC and the cooperation of multiple rangefinders can realize the automatic cruising and automatic cleaning of the trash rack by the trash cleaning mechanism, which greatly improves the automation level of the present invention and meets the working requirements of "no one on duty and few people on duty" in the hydropower industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the water-facing side of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Right view of;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the blades and corresponding blade grooves in the present invention;

[0022] Markings in the figure: 1. base, 2. reflector, 3. horizontal guide rail, 4. third rangefinder, 5. blade, 6. winch, 7. fixed cleaning cover, 8. vertical guide rail, 9. guide hole, 10. guide column, 11. sliding cleaning cover, 12. grille, 13. first rangefinder, 14. extension rod, 15. second rangefinder, 16. trash rack, 17. eddy current blade, 18. vibration motor, 19. knife groove, 20. switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an automatic trash cleaning device in front of a trash rack of a hydropower station of the present invention comprises a horizontal guide rail 3 arranged at the waterfront side of the trash rack 16 and a trash cleaning mechanism arranged on the horizontal guide rail 3 . Figure 2The arrow direction in the figure indicates the direction of water flow. The cleaning mechanism can slide back and forth horizontally along the horizontal guide rail 3, so that the cleaning mechanism can clean the trash rack 16 at different width positions or at each opening position of the trash rack 16 with openings arranged side by side. This embodiment also has a control system, which mainly includes a PLC and a plurality of detectors connected to the PLC signal, and can control the cleaning mechanism to automatically cruise along the horizontal guide rail 3 through the built-in program of the PLC, and clean the trash in front of the blocked trash rack 16 according to the water level difference before and after the trash rack 16.

[0024] The cleaning mechanism comprises a vertical guide rail 8 slidable along the horizontal guide rail 3 , a fixed cleaning cover 7 arranged at the upper end of the vertical guide rail 8 , and a sliding cleaning cover 11 slidable along the vertical guide rail 8 and located below the fixed cleaning cover 7 .

[0025] The number of the aforementioned horizontal guide rails 3 is two, the lower horizontal guide rail 3 is set at the highest water level position of the reservoir, and the upper horizontal guide rail 3 is set at a position 2M above the highest water level. The number of vertical guide rails 8 is also two, and the two vertical guide rails 8 are connected by steel bars so that the two vertical guide rails 8 always maintain a fixed distance. The top of the vertical guide rail 8 is higher than the top of the trash rack 16, and the bottom of the vertical guide rail 8 is lower than the lowest water level line of the reservoir and a plug is set to prevent the sliding cleaning cover 11 thereon from falling off along the vertical guide rail 8. A guide wheel for pushing the cleaning mechanism to move along the horizontal guide rail 3 is provided on the vertical guide rail 8, and the guide wheel is driven to rotate by a motor. The forward rotation of the motor causes the vertical guide rail 8 to translate in one direction along the horizontal guide rail 3, and the reverse rotation of the motor controls the vertical guide rail 8 to translate in another opposite direction along the horizontal guide rail 3. In other embodiments of the present invention, the horizontal movement of the vertical guide rail 8 along the horizontal guide rail 3 can also be achieved by other common methods in the prior art such as a screw transmission mechanism, a hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder, etc. Since the motor-guide wheel driving structure in this embodiment is the same as conventional technology, Figure 1 and Figure 2 There is no record of it.

[0026] The fixed cleaning cover 7 and the sliding cleaning cover 11 are columnar and have the same semicircular cross-section. The cover openings of the fixed cleaning cover 7 and the sliding cleaning cover 11 are relatively distributed, so that after the sliding cleaning cover 11 slides along the vertical guide rail 8 to the fixed cleaning cover 7, the fixed cleaning cover 7 and the sliding cleaning cover 11 can be together to form a closed cleaning chamber. A rotatable blade 5 is provided in the fixed cleaning cover 7, and the debris in the cleaning chamber can be crushed by the rotation of the blade 5. The ends of the fixed cleaning cover 7 and the sliding cleaning cover 11 are both provided with a grille 12, the diameter of the grille 12 is one-fourth of the diameter of the trash rack 16, and the blade shaft of the blade 5 is rotatably set on the grille 12 corresponding to the fixed cleaning cover 7; a plurality of circular holes are evenly spaced on the circumference of the fixed cleaning cover 7 and the sliding cleaning cover 11, and the aperture of the circular holes is one-eighth of the diameter of the trash rack 16.

[0027] The fixed cleaning cover 7 is provided with upper flanges on both sides of its cover opening, and the sliding cleaning cover 11 is provided with lower flanges on both sides of its cover opening; the lower flanges are provided with vertically distributed guide posts 10, and the upper flanges are provided with guide holes 9 for the guide posts 10 to be plugged in and matched. A winch 6 for driving the sliding cleaning cover 11 to move upward is provided at the upper end of the vertical guide rail 8, and the lifting rope of the winch 6 is fixed to the lower flange. The fixed cleaning cover 7 is also provided with a travel switch that cooperates with the guide posts 10 to control the closing of the winch 6. A linear bearing that slides with the vertical guide rail 8 is also provided on the lower flange. In this embodiment, when the winch 6 rotates forward, that is, the sliding cleaning cover 11 located below the water surface is pulled up by the lifting rope, the sliding cleaning cover 11 picks up the debris located in front of the trash rack 16 and continues to move upward, and the docking is completed by the cooperation of the guide posts 10 and the guide holes 9. After docking, the guide post 10 touches the travel switch, and the winch 6 is automatically closed. After the winch 6 is reversed, the hoisting rope is loose, and the sliding cleaning cover 11 slides down automatically to below the water surface along the vertical guide rail 8 under the self-gravity effect. Figure 2 Middle Pair Figure 1 The winch and related parts that have been clearly explained are omitted.

[0028] In order to prevent the sliding cleaning cover 11 from being filled with aquatic plants and covering the edge of the sliding cleaning cover 11, so that the sliding cleaning cover 11 cannot be well fastened with the fixed cleaning cover 7, the present invention provides two specific implementation methods for processing:

[0029] The first implementation method is still as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a vortex blade 18 is provided at the bottom of the sliding cleaning cover 11 . The vortex blade 18 is driven by a motor and is used to form a vortex, so as to suck the debris located at the edge of the sliding cleaning cover 11 into the sliding cleaning cover 11 .

[0030] The second implementation method is as follows Figure 3As shown, a gate knife 20 is provided on the upper flange and distributed along the axial direction of the fixed cleaning cover 7, and a knife groove 19 for the gate knife 20 to cooperate with is provided on the lower flange. The gate knife 20 is used to close and cooperate with the knife groove 19 to cut off the debris located at the edge of the sliding cleaning cover 11. In view of the situation that some debris cannot fall into the sliding cleaning cover 11 after being cut off, a vibration motor is fixed on the vertical guide rail, and the vibration motor is used to make the cut debris fall into the sliding cleaning cover through vibration. When the sliding cleaning cover 11 is lifted, in order to prevent part of the water plants from drooping on the edge of the sliding cleaning cover 11, the excess water plants are cut off by the gate knives 20 and the knife grooves 19 of the upper and lower flanges. If the sliding cleaning cover 11 can be closed normally, the blade 5 is started to crush the water plants and other debris in the cleaning chamber. If the sliding cleaning cover 11 and the fixed cleaning cover 7 cannot be closed normally, the PLC controls the sliding cleaning cover 11 to move down to the vicinity of the vibration motor 18. After the vibration motor 18 operates for 60 seconds, the sliding cleaning cover 11 is lifted again. If it is closed normally, the blade 5 is started to crush it. If it still cannot be closed normally, a fault alarm signal is issued to prompt the staff to repair.

[0031] The multiple detectors in the aforementioned control system are respectively the first rangefinder 13, the second rangefinder 15, two third rangefinders 4, a temperature sensor and an anemometer. The above detectors are all arranged on the fixed cleaning cover 7 and connected to the PLC signal to transmit the collected relevant signals to the PLC.

[0032] The first rangefinder 13 is arranged at the water-facing end of the fixed trash cleaning cover 7 and is used to detect the water level in front of the trash rack 16. The second rangefinder 15 is arranged at the water-receiving end of the fixed trash cleaning cover 7 and passes over the top of the trash rack 16. The second rangefinder 15 is used to detect the water level behind the trash rack 16. To prevent the debris in front of the trash rack 16 from causing errors in the water level measured by the first rangefinder 13, the first rangefinder 13 in this embodiment is extended 2M toward the reservoir through the extension rod 14. In order to enable the second rangefinder 15 to pass over the trash rack 16, the second rangefinder 15 is also extended 1M toward the power generation hole through the extension rod 14. The two third rangefinders 4 cooperate with the base 1 on both sides of the trash rack 16 to measure the distance. In this embodiment, a reflector 2 cooperating with the third rangefinder 4 is provided at the base 1.

[0033] The PLC has built-in cruise and automatic cleaning programs. The cruise program allows the cleaning mechanism to slide along the horizontal guide rail 3 through the guide wheel. When the distance between the base 1 on the side corresponding to the trash rack 16 measured by any third distance meter 4 is less than a specific value, the motor is controlled to reverse and the cleaning mechanism moves in the opposite direction. The cleaning program allows the winch 6 to control the sliding cleaning cover 11 to move up to engage with the fixed cleaning cover 7 when the water level difference between the first distance meter 13 and the second distance meter 15 is greater than a specific value, and the blade 5 is used to crush the debris in the cleaning chamber. Specifically:

[0034] The main power supply for the motor, hoist 6 and blade 5 in this embodiment is taken from the solar panel, and the backup power supply is taken from the factory power 220VAC, and is connected to the present invention by a sliding busbar. When the voltage of the main power supply is not enough to start the cleaning mechanism, it automatically switches to the backup power supply. The patrol cleaning time period of the cleaning mechanism is set at noon so as to use the main power supply as much as possible and save energy.

[0035] After the control system is started, the PLC controls the motor to drive the cleaning mechanism to slowly slide back and forth along the horizontal guide rail 3 to patrol and check the water level difference before and after the trash rack 16. When the two third rangefinders 4 detect that the cleaning mechanism is close to the end of one end of the trash rack 16, the PLC controls the motor to reverse, and the cleaning mechanism patrols to the other side of the trash rack 16.

[0036] When the water level difference between the first rangefinder 13 and the second rangefinder 15 is 0.5 meters, it is determined that the trash rack 16 at this location is blocked and needs to be cleaned. At this time, the PLC first controls the motor to stop, so that the cleaning mechanism stops at the blocked position, and then controls the winch 6 to lift the sliding cleaning cover 11 (with a large amount of waterweed and other debris) located 2 meters below the water surface along the vertical guide rail 8 through two lifting ropes. When the two guide columns 10 on the sliding cleaning cover 11 are inserted into the guide holes 9 on the fixed cleaning cover 7, the travel switch is activated. After receiving the travel switch action signal, the PLC believes that the cleaning chamber has been closed. At this time, the rotating blade 5 in the cleaning mechanism is started to crush the debris in the cleaning chamber. After the blade 5 rotates, it stops after a delay of 5 minutes.

[0037] After the blade 5 stops running, the PLC controls the winch 6 to put the sliding cleaning cover 11 into the water 2 meters below the surface in front of the trash rack 16. The crushed debris can enter the power generation hole through the trash rack 16 and then be discharged into the downstream river. Then the entire cleaning mechanism continues to move back and forth along the horizontal guide rail 3 for inspection under the control of the PLC.

[0038] It should be noted that:

[0039] In this embodiment, the cleaning mechanism records the number of cleanings each time it patrols back and forth in front of the trash rack 16. When the number of cleanings is large, the PLC controls the automatic cleaning mechanism to patrol multiple times a day, and when the number of cleanings is small, it patrols only once a day. When the number of cleanings is zero, the automatic cleaning system is started again after a delay of 48 hours.

[0040] The trash cleaning mechanism is equipped with an anemometer. When the wind speed is greater than level 5, taking into account the influence of waves, the automatic trash cleaning system starts another set of parameters, that is, when the water level difference before and after the trash rack 16 exceeds 0.8 meters, the trash cleaning mechanism can be started to stop inspection and start cleaning.

[0041] For rivers in the north that are prone to freezing, temperature sensors are installed on the cleaning mechanism of the automatic sewage cleaning system. When the average temperature is below zero degrees Celsius for two consecutive days, the cleaning mechanism will be activated. The lock will not be released until the average temperature is above 5 degrees Celsius for five consecutive days.

[0042] The PLC in this embodiment also has the function of automatically detecting faults. When a giant wooden block appears in front of the trash rack 16 (in extreme cases), the fixed cleaning cover 7 and the sliding cleaning cover 11 cannot be closed normally (after starting the cleaning, the two travel switches do not work) or the rotating current of the blade 5 is too large, the system will automatically stop the cleaning action at the current position and send out a fault alarm signal.

Claims

1. An automatic trash cleaning device in front of a trash rack of a hydropower station, characterized by: The trash rack (16) comprises a horizontal guide rail (3) arranged at a water-facing side of the trash rack (16) and a trash cleaning mechanism arranged on the horizontal guide rail (3), wherein the trash cleaning mechanism comprises a vertical guide rail (8) which can slide along the horizontal guide rail (3), a fixed trash cleaning cover (7) arranged at an upper end of the vertical guide rail (8), and a sliding trash cleaning cover (11) which can slide along the vertical guide rail (8) and is located below the fixed trash cleaning cover (7), wherein the cover openings of the fixed trash cleaning cover (7) and the sliding trash cleaning cover (11) are arranged relative to each other, so that after the sliding trash cleaning cover (11) slides along the vertical guide rail (8) to the fixed trash cleaning cover (7), the fixed trash cleaning cover (7) and the sliding trash cleaning cover (11) can jointly enclose a closed trash cleaning chamber, and a rotatable blade (5) is arranged in the fixed trash cleaning cover (7), and debris in the trash cleaning chamber can be crushed by the rotation of the blade (5); The fixed cleaning cover (7) and the sliding cleaning cover (11) both have semicircular cross-sections, and the longitudinal directions of the fixed cleaning cover (7) and the sliding cleaning cover (11) both coincide with the direction of water flow toward the trash rack (16); The fixed cleaning cover (7) is provided with upper flanges on both sides of its cover opening, and the sliding cleaning cover (11) is provided with lower flanges on both sides of its cover opening; vertically distributed guide columns (10) are provided on the lower flanges, and corresponding guide holes (9) for the guide columns (10) to be plugged and matched are provided on the upper flanges.

2. The automatic trash cleaning device in front of the trash rack of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the fixed cleaning cover (7) and the sliding cleaning cover (11) are both provided with grilles (12), the diameter of the grilles (12) being one-fourth of the diameter of the trash rack (16), and the blade shaft of the blade (5) is rotatably arranged on the grilles (12) corresponding to the fixed cleaning cover (7); and a plurality of circular holes are evenly spaced on the circumferences of the fixed cleaning cover (7) and the sliding cleaning cover (11), and the diameter of the circular holes is one-eighth of the diameter of the trash rack (16).

3. The automatic trash cleaning device in front of the trash rack of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gate knife (20) is provided on the upper flange and is distributed along the axial direction of the fixed cleaning cover (7); a knife groove (19) for the gate knife (20) to cooperate with is provided on the lower flange; the gate knife (20) is used to close and cooperate with the knife groove (19) to cut off debris located at the edge of the sliding cleaning cover (11); a vibration motor (18) is also provided on the vertical guide rail (8); the vibration motor (18) is used to make the cut debris fall into the sliding cleaning cover (11) through vibration.

4. The automatic trash cleaning device in front of the trash rack of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide wheel is provided on the vertical guide rail (8) for driving the cleaning mechanism to move along the horizontal guide rail (3), and the guide wheel is driven to rotate by a motor; a winch (6) is provided at the upper end of the vertical guide rail (8) for driving the sliding cleaning cover (11) to move upward, and a lifting rope of the winch (6) is fixed to the lower flange; a travel switch is also provided on the fixed cleaning cover (7) for cooperating with the guide column (10) to control the closing of the winch (6).

5. The automatic trash cleaning device in front of the trash rack of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vortex blade (17) is provided at the bottom of the sliding cleaning cover (11), and the vortex blade (17) is used to form a vortex to suck debris located at the edge of the sliding cleaning cover (11) into the sliding cleaning cover (11).

6. The automatic trash cleaning device in front of the trash rack of a hydropower station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a control system for controlling the automatic cleaning of the cleaning mechanism, the control system comprising a PLC and a first distance meter (13) and a second distance meter (15) connected to the PLC signal; the first distance meter (13) is arranged at the water-facing end of the fixed cleaning cover (7) and is used to detect the water level in front of the trash rack (16); the second distance meter (15) is arranged at the water-receiving end of the fixed cleaning cover (7) and is over the top of the trash rack (16); the second distance meter (15) is used to detect the water level behind the trash rack (16); a cleaning program is set in the PLC, the cleaning program is such that when the water level difference obtained by the first distance meter (13) and the second distance meter (15) is greater than a specific value, the winch (6) is used to control the sliding cleaning cover (11) to move upward to engage with the fixed cleaning cover (7), and the blade (5) is used to crush the debris in the cleaning cavity.

7. The automatic trash cleaning device in front of the trash rack of a hydropower station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also comprises two third distance meters (4) respectively arranged on both sides of the fixed cleaning cover (7), the third distance meters (4) being connected to the PLC signal and cooperating with the bases (1) on both sides of the trash rack (16) to measure distance, and the PLC is also provided with a cruise program, the cruise program making it possible for the cleaning mechanism to move in the opposite direction when the distance between any one of the third distance meters (4) and the base (1) on the corresponding side of the trash rack (16) is less than a specific value during the sliding process of the cleaning mechanism along the horizontal guide rail (3) via the guide wheel, and the motor is controlled to reverse.

8. The automatic trash cleaning device in front of the trash rack of a hydropower station according to claim 6, characterized in that: A temperature sensor and an anemometer respectively connected to the PLC signal are also provided on the fixed cleaning cover (7).

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