A gear shifting mechanism for a reduction box of a heavy-load coiler for thick strips and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention provides a shift mechanism for a reduction box of a heavy-duty coiler for thick strips and a method of use thereof, comprising an external spline, a transmission shaft, a large speed ratio gear, a small speed ratio gear, an internal spline sleeve, a secondary external spline, a bearing ring, a combined pressure ring, an ear shaft seat, a keyway, an ear shaft, a shift fork, a long rotating shaft, a rotating shaft seat 1, a pin shaft 1, a double-headed spherical bearing, an adjustment bolt, a pin shaft 2, a swing arm 1, a short rotating shaft, a rotating shaft seat 2, a swing arm 2, a combined oil cylinder and a support; the external spline sleeve is mounted on the transmission shaft. Aiming at the working condition where the speed of the reduction box of a heavy-duty coiler for thick strips is low but the impact is large, the present invention uses a bearing ring with a full circle of surface contact as a thrust component for fixing the internal spline sleeve for shifting, so that it can withstand vibrations and impacts far greater than the load limit of the line contact bearing assembly, and realize an ultra-long maintenance cycle of the shift mechanism of the reduction box of the heavy-duty coiler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of cold rolling production of metal strip coils, and in particular relates to a shifting mechanism for a reduction box of a thick strip heavy-load coiler and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern cold rolling production of metal strips, it is very common to coil the rolled piece before the next step of storage or production. For the coiling process, the most important parameter is the thickness of the strip. The thicker the strip, the greater the bending stiffness, and the more difficult the coiling operation is. In conventional metal strip production, the strip is generally rolled to a thickness of less than 5 mm in the hot rolling process section, and then the strip is coiled and sent to the cold rolling process section. However, some metal strip production processes require thicker strips to be coiled in the cold rolling process section, and the thickness of some strips reaches 18 mm. Since the cold rolling process requires the establishment of strip tension, the large-roll tension coiler often serves as the coiling equipment of the thick strip cold rolling unit because of its tension-building ability. However, the coiling process of thick strip cold rolling has the characteristics of large strip tension, large bending stiffness, large strip vibration mass, and large strip break impact, so the load of the coiler reducer greatly exceeds the load level of ordinary thickness strip production.

[0003] At present, the common countermeasure is to increase the modulus of the transmission gear and enhance the gear strength. However, the shift mechanism of the reduction gearbox generally still adopts the shift mechanism of the conventional winder reduction gearbox, that is, by embedding a pair of bearings into the outer annular groove of the shift inner spline sleeve, the oil cylinder drives the shaft fork mechanism and pushes the bearing, and then the outer ring of the bearing pushes the inner spline sleeve to switch between gear pairs with different speed ratios to achieve the purpose of shifting. When this mechanism is working, the shift bearing will rotate with the rotation of the inner spline sleeve, and there will be a large pressing force and impact force between the side wall of the outer annular groove of the inner spline sleeve. When this shift mechanism is used for a heavy-duty winder for thick strips, the intensity of the vibration and impact from the outside usually exceeds the normal bearing limit of the shift bearing, causing it to break frequently and causing frequent production interruptions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problem that when the shift mechanism is used in a heavy-duty coiler for thick strips, external vibration and impact are usually stronger than the normal bearing limit of the shift bearing, causing it to break frequently and leading to frequent production interruptions, the present invention provides a shift mechanism and a method of use for a reducer for a heavy-duty coiler for thick strips. The present invention is suitable for the working conditions of a heavy-duty coiler for thick strips with low speed, large vibration and large impact. It does not require a bearing as a thrust component and can also push the internal spline sleeve to shift gears. It is an impact-resistant shift mechanism that can withstand large impact loads and is not easily damaged.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A shift mechanism for a reduction box of a heavy-duty coiler for thick strips, comprising an external spline, a transmission shaft, a large speed ratio gear, a small speed ratio gear, an internal spline sleeve, a secondary external spline, a bearing ring, a combined pressure ring, an ear shaft seat, a keyway, an ear shaft, a shift fork, a long rotating shaft, a rotating shaft seat 1, a pin shaft 1, a double-headed joint bearing, an adjustment bolt, a pin shaft 2, a rotating arm 1, a short rotating shaft, a rotating shaft seat 2, a rotating arm 2, a combined oil cylinder and a support; the external spline is sleeved on the transmission shaft; the large speed ratio gear and the small speed ratio gear are sleeved on the transmission shaft; the external spline has the same specifications as a set of splines and has a width of The same internal spline sleeves are meshed and can slide relative to each other; the side surfaces of the large speed ratio gear and the small speed ratio gear are processed with secondary external splines of the same specifications, and the secondary external splines can be slid into the internal spline sleeve and combine the large speed ratio gear or the small speed ratio gear with the external spline; the middle section of the outer ring surface of the internal spline sleeve is an annular rectangular flange, and a tile ring with an L-shaped cross section is inserted on each side of the flange; the tile ring is buckled and fixed from both sides by a pair of combined pressure rings; after the combined pressure rings are buckled together, two ear shaft seats and a keyway are processed on the seam; the two ear shaft seats are 180° apart The keyway is arranged at 90 degrees with the two ear shaft seats; ear shafts are installed in the two ear shaft seats of the combined pressure ring; the protruding parts of the upper and lower ear shafts are respectively embedded in the U-shaped holes of the two shift forks; the two shift forks are inserted into a long rotating shaft and fixed on the long rotating shaft by keys and set screws; the long rotating shaft is installed vertically, and the upper and lower ends are installed in the case cover and the rotating shaft seat of the case bottom of the reduction box through bearings; there is a pin hole near the U-shaped hole on the upper shift fork, and a pin shaft is installed; the other end of the pin shaft is sleeved with a set of double-headed lock Joint bearing, the spacing between the two ends of the double-headed joint bearing is adjusted by the adjusting bolt in the middle, the other end of the double-headed joint bearing is connected to one end of the swing arm one by the pin shaft two, the other end of the swing arm one is sleeved on the short rotating shaft and fixed by a cylindrical pin; the short rotating shaft is installed in the rotating shaft seat two of the reduction box cover by two sets of bearings, the other end of the short rotating shaft is fixed with the swing arm two by a key, the other end of the swing arm two is hinged to the end of the cylinder rod on one side of the combined oil cylinder, and the end of the cylinder rod on the other side of the combined oil cylinder is hinged to the support on the top of the reduction box cover.

[0007] The large speed ratio gear and the small speed ratio gear are both sleeved on the transmission shaft through a pair of tapered roller bearings.

[0008] The external spline is sleeved on the transmission shaft and fixed to the transmission shaft via a flat key.

[0009] The combined oil cylinder comprises at least two oil cylinders, and the two oil cylinders are combined together tail to tail.

[0010] The combined pressure ring is also processed with a pipe thread hole and a through oil hole, and the through oil hole is connected with a lubrication hose led out from the reduction box lubrication pipeline.

[0011] The described bearing ring is processed with a full circle of annular oil grooves at the corners close to the combined pressure ring, and 4 to 6 radial oil grooves are evenly arranged on the end faces A and B of the bearing ring.

[0012] A pin key is installed between the two shift forks of the long rotating shaft. One end of the pin key is a pin tightly mounted on the long rotating shaft, and the other end is a key embedded in the keyway of the combined pressure ring.

[0013] The internal splines of the internal spline sleeve are spur internal gear rings, and the external splines matched therewith and the auxiliary external splines of the large speed ratio gear and the small speed ratio gear can also be processed into spur auxiliary external gear rings with the same module and pitch circle diameter.

[0014] A method for using a shift mechanism for a reduction box of a heavy-load coiler for thick strips, the specific steps of which are: by adjusting the phase angle of the first and second rotating arms on the short rotating shaft and the length of the double-headed spherical bearing, when one of the cylinder rods of the combined oil cylinder is extended, the inner spline sleeve is flush with the end face of the outer spline and is disengaged from the gears on both sides, at which time the two sets of gears on the input shaft can only drive the large speed ratio gear and the small speed ratio gear meshed therewith to idle, and cannot drive the transmission shaft to rotate, and the shift mechanism is in a neutral position; when the other cylinder rod of the combined oil cylinder is extended, the long rotating shaft drives the shift fork to rotate, drives the ear shaft and the combined pressure ring to move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, pushes half of the inner spline sleeve to slide into the secondary outer spline of the small speed ratio gear, and the other half remains meshed with the outer spline. ; There is a clearance fit between the end face A and the end face B of the bearing ring and the outer ring surface of the inner spline sleeve, so that they can slide relative to each other; when the rotation speed of the inner spline sleeve is relatively high, circulating lubricating oil can also be introduced to enhance the lubrication and cooling of the sliding surfaces A and B; the bearing ring and the combined pressure ring are tightly fitted and equipped with saddle pins, without relative sliding, and are in a fixed state with the ear shaft and the shift fork at the same time; in this state, the small speed ratio gear, the inner spline sleeve, the outer spline and the transmission shaft are combined into a same-speed rotating assembly to achieve the purpose of shifting to a small speed ratio gear pair; when the two cylinder rods of the operating combined oil cylinder are fully retracted, half of the inner spline sleeve remains engaged with the outer spline, and the other half slides into the secondary outer spline of the large speed ratio gear, to achieve the purpose of shifting to a large speed ratio gear pair.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. Specially designed for the working conditions of heavy-loaded coiler with thick strip whose speed is low but the impact is large, a bearing ring with full-circle surface contact is used as the thrust component of the fixed shift inner spline sleeve. It is made of wear-resistant material, so it can withstand vibration and impact far greater than the load limit of the line contact bearing assembly, and realize the ultra-long maintenance cycle of the shift mechanism of the heavy-load coiler reducer, and even the maintenance cycle with the same life as the transmission gear.

[0017] 2. The bearing assembly in the conventional gearbox shifting mechanism has been removed, which greatly reduces the probability of downtime caused by bearing breakage, thereby reducing equipment failure rate and downtime maintenance time.

[0018] 3. By further optimizing the structure of the combined pressure ring and the bearing ring and introducing the circulating lubricating oil into all the friction surfaces between the bearing ring and the inner spline sleeve, the lubrication and cooling effects on the friction surfaces are enhanced, thereby increasing the applicable upper limit of the speed of the shift mechanism.

[0019] 4. The combination of the first and second rotating arms, the short rotating shaft and the double-headed joint bearing is used for the shaft shifting drive. By designing the length ratio of the first and second rotating arms and using the lever principle, a smaller oil cylinder can be used to push the larger and heavier internal spline sleeve in the heavy-duty reduction box, and the meshing position of the internal spline sleeve and the auxiliary external spline of the gear can be more finely adjusted by adjusting the length of the double-headed joint bearing. The scheme of the present invention is more accurate and energy-saving than the scheme of using a larger oil cylinder to directly push the long rotating shaft and the shift fork to push the internal spline sleeve.

[0020] The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a position diagram of the mechanism of the present invention on the rotating shaft of the reduction box;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an axial view of the mechanism of the present invention on the transmission shaft;

[0023] Figure 3 A top view showing the phase relationship between the rotating arm, the rotating shaft and the shift fork and the shift position of the mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of the lubricating oil circuit of the combined pressure ring in the mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the lubricating oil path of the combined pressure ring in the mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is an axial view of the bearing ring in the mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. External spline; 2. Transmission shaft; 3. High-speed ratio gear; 4. Low-speed ratio gear; 5. Internal spline sleeve; 6. Secondary external spline; 7. Wafer ring; 8. Combined pressure ring; 9. Ear shaft seat; 10. Keyway; 11. Ear shaft; 12. Shift fork; 13. Long shaft; 14. Shaft seat one; 15. Pin one; 16. Double-headed spherical bearing; 17. Adjusting bolt; 18. Pin two; 19. Swivel arm one; 20. Short shaft; 21. Swivel seat two; 22. Swivel arm two; 23. Combined oil cylinder; 24. Support; 25. Pipe threaded hole; 26. Oil hole; 27. Lubricating hose; 28. Annular oil groove; 29. ​​Radial oil groove; 30. Pin key; 31. Input shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] In order to overcome the problem that when the shift mechanism is used in a thick strip heavy-load coiler, the external vibration and impact, whose intensity usually exceeds the normal bearing limit of the shift bearing, causes it to break frequently and leads to frequent production interruptions, the present invention provides a Figure 1-6 The shifting mechanism and using method for the reducer of a heavy-load coiler for thick strips is shown. The present invention is suitable for working conditions where the reducer of the heavy-load coiler for thick strips has low speed, large vibration and large impact. It does not require a bearing as a thrust component and can also push the internal spline sleeve to shift gears. It is an impact-resistant shifting mechanism that can withstand large impact loads and is not easily damaged.

[0030] A shift mechanism for a reduction box of a heavy-loaded coiler for thick strips, comprising an external spline 1, a transmission shaft 2, a large speed ratio gear 3, a small speed ratio gear 4, an internal spline sleeve 5, a secondary external spline 6, a bearing ring 7, a combined pressure ring 8, an ear shaft seat 9, a keyway 10, an ear shaft 11, a shift fork 12, a long rotating shaft 13, a rotating shaft seat 14, a pin shaft 15, a double-headed spherical bearing 16, an adjusting bolt 17, a pin shaft 2 18, a rotating arm 19, a short rotating shaft 20, a rotating shaft seat 21, a rotating arm 22, a combined oil cylinder 23 and a support 24; the external spline 1 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 2; the large speed ratio gear 3 and the small speed ratio gear 4 are sleeved on the transmission shaft 2; the external spline 1 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 2; the large speed ratio gear 3 and the small speed ratio gear 4 are sleeved on the transmission shaft 2; the external The spline 1 meshes with a set of internal spline sleeves 5 with the same spline specifications and the same width and can slide relatively; the sides of the large speed ratio gear 3 and the small speed ratio gear 4 are processed with auxiliary external splines 6 of the same specifications, and the auxiliary external splines 6 can slide into the internal spline sleeve 5 and combine the large speed ratio gear 3 or the small speed ratio gear 4 with the external spline 1; the middle section of the outer ring surface of the internal spline sleeve 5 is an annular rectangular flange, and a bearing ring 7 with an L-shaped cross-section is inserted on both sides of the flange; the bearing ring 7 is buckled and fixed from both sides by a pair of combined pressure rings 8; after the combined pressure rings 8 are buckled together, two ear shaft seats 9 and a keyway 10 are processed on the seam; the two ear shaft seats 9 are 18 0° distribution, the keyway 10 is arranged at 90° with the two ear shaft seats 9; ear shafts 11 are installed in the two ear shaft seats 9 of the combined pressure ring 8; the protruding parts of the upper and lower ear shafts 11 are respectively embedded in the U-shaped holes of the two shift forks 12; the two shift forks 12 are inserted into a long rotating shaft 13 and fixed on the long rotating shaft 13 by keys and set screws; the long rotating shaft 13 is installed vertically, and the upper and lower ends are installed in the rotating shaft seat 14 of the box cover and the bottom of the reduction box through bearings; there is a pin hole near the U-shaped hole on the upper fork 12, and a pin shaft 15 is installed; the other end of the pin shaft 15 is sheathed with a set of double-headed joints Bearing 16, the spacing between the two ends of the double-headed spherical bearing 16 is adjusted by the adjusting bolt 17 in the middle, the other end of the double-headed spherical bearing 16 is connected to one end of a swing arm 19 through a pin shaft 18, and the other end of the swing arm 19 is sleeved on a short rotating shaft 20 and fixed by a cylindrical pin; the short rotating shaft 20 is installed in a rotating shaft seat 21 of the reduction box cover through two sets of bearings, and the other end of the short rotating shaft 20 is fixedly installed with a swing arm 22 through a key, and the other end of the swing arm 22 is hinged to the end of a cylinder rod on one side of the combined oil cylinder 23, and the end of the cylinder rod on the other side of the combined oil cylinder 23 is hinged to the support 24 on the top of the reduction box cover.

[0031] The present invention uses a bearing ring 7 as a thrust component for fixing the internal spline sleeve 5 for shifting, so that the part that bears vibration and impact is changed from the linear contact between the outer rings of the two bearings and the internal spline sleeve in the conventional shifting mechanism to the full-circle surface contact between the bearing ring 7 and the internal spline sleeve 5 in the present invention, and the bearing ring 7 is made of high-strength wear-resistant material, which greatly improves the ability of the thrust component to bear impact. However, since the thrust component is in friction contact, if the speed is too high, too much heat will be generated, causing the bearing ring 7 to overheat and fail. Therefore, the present invention is just suitable for equipment such as the reducer of a heavy-loaded coiler for thick strips, which has a large impact but a low speed. In addition, by introducing circulating lubricating oil into the friction surface of the bearing ring 7 to enhance lubrication and cooling of the bearing ring 7, the applicable upper limit of the speed of the shifting mechanism can be increased within a certain range.

[0032] The present invention has carried out a shift axis design through the combination of the first rotating arm 19, the second rotating arm 22, the short rotating shaft 20 and the double-headed spherical bearing 16. By designing the length ratio of the first rotating arm 19 and the second rotating arm 22 and utilizing the principle of lever, the larger and heavier internal spline sleeve 5 in the heavy-duty reduction box can be pushed by a smaller oil cylinder 23, and the meshing position of the internal spline sleeve 5 and the secondary external spline 6 of the gear can be adjusted more finely by adjusting the length of the double-headed spherical bearing 16. Compared with the solution of using a larger oil cylinder to directly push the long rotating shaft 13 and the shift fork 12 and then push the internal spline sleeve 5, the solution of the present invention can better eliminate the problem of meshing position deviation between the internal spline sleeve 5 and the secondary external spline 6 of the gear caused by manufacturing and assembly errors, and also avoid the waste of materials and energy caused by using a large oil cylinder to drive.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] Based on Example 1, in this embodiment, preferably, the high-speed ratio gear 3 and the low-speed ratio gear 4 are both mounted on the transmission shaft 2 via a pair of tapered roller bearings.

[0035] In the present invention, the high-speed ratio gear 3 has a higher speed ratio than the low-speed ratio gear.

[0036] Preferably, the external spline 1 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 2 and fixed to the transmission shaft 2 via a flat key.

[0037] Preferably, the combined oil cylinder 23 comprises at least two oil cylinders, and the two oil cylinders are combined together tail to tail.

[0038] Preferably, the combined pressure ring 8 is further processed with a pipe thread hole 25 and a through oil hole 26, and the through oil hole 26 is connected with a lubrication hose 27 led out from the lubrication pipeline of the reduction gearbox.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the combined press 8 is also processed with a pipe thread hole 25 and a through oil hole 26. A lubrication hose 27 is led from the reduction box lubrication pipeline and connected to the pipe thread hole 25, and circulating lubricating oil is introduced to lubricate and cool the bearing ring 7.

[0040] Preferably, the shoe ring 7 is machined with a full circle of annular oil grooves 28 at the corners close to the combined pressure ring 8, and 4 to 6 radial oil grooves 29 are evenly arranged on the end faces A and B of the shoe ring 7.

[0041] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the bearing ring 7 can be made of high-strength wear-resistant bronze material or self-lubricating composite material, and a full circle of annular oil grooves 28 are processed at the corners near the combined pressure ring 8, and 4 to 6 radial oil grooves 29 are evenly arranged on the end faces A and B. This structure is more conducive to introducing lubricating oil into the friction surfaces A and B, further enhancing the lubrication and cooling effects, and increasing the upper limit of the speed application of the shift mechanism.

[0042] Preferably, a pin key 30 is installed between the two shift forks 12 of the long rotating shaft 13 , one end of the pin key 30 is a pin tightly mounted on the long rotating shaft 13 , and the other end is a key embedded in the keyway 10 of the combined pressure ring 8 .

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, a pin key 30 is installed between the two forks 12 of the long rotating shaft 13. One end of the pin key 30 is a pin, which is tightly mounted on the long rotating shaft 13, and the other end is a key, which is embedded in the keyway 10 of the combined pressure ring 8, so as to limit the circumferential swing of the combined pressure ring 8 when the speed of the transmission system fluctuates, and reduce unnecessary wear and heat of the bearing ring 7.

[0044] Preferably, the internal splines of the internal spline sleeve 5 are spur internal gear rings, and the external splines 1 that cooperate therewith and the auxiliary external splines 6 of the high speed ratio gear 3 and the small speed ratio gear 4 can also be processed into spur auxiliary external gear rings with the same module and pitch circle diameter.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the internal spline of the internal spline sleeve 5 can also be processed into a spur internal gear ring. Correspondingly, the external spline 1 and the auxiliary external spline 6 of the large speed ratio gear 3 and the small speed ratio gear 4 can also be processed into a spur auxiliary external gear ring with the same module and pitch circle diameter, and can also achieve the same function.

[0046] A method for using a shift mechanism of a speed reducer for a heavy-loaded coiler for thick strips, characterized in that the specific steps are as follows: by adjusting the phase angle of the swing arm 19 and the swing arm 22 on the short shaft 20 and the length of the double-headed spherical bearing 17, when one of the cylinder rods of the combined oil cylinder 23 is extended, the inner spline sleeve 5 is flush with the end face of the outer spline 1 and is disengaged from the gears on both sides. At this time, the two sets of gears on the input shaft 31 can only drive the large speed ratio gear 3 and the small speed ratio gear 4 meshing therewith to idle, and cannot drive the transmission shaft 2 to rotate, and the shift mechanism is in a neutral position; when the other cylinder rod of the combined oil cylinder 23 is extended, the long shaft 13 drives the shift fork 12 to rotate, drives the ear shaft 11 and the combined pressure ring 8 to move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 2, pushes half of the inner spline sleeve 5 to slide into the secondary outer spline 6 of the small speed ratio gear 4, and the other half Keep meshing with the external spline 1; there is a clearance fit between the end face A and the end face B of the bearing ring 7 and the outer ring surface of the internal spline sleeve 5, so that they can slide relative to each other; when the rotation speed of the internal spline sleeve 5 is relatively high, circulating lubricating oil can also be introduced to enhance the lubrication and cooling of the sliding surfaces A and B; the bearing ring 7 and the combined pressure ring 8 are tightly fitted and equipped with saddle pins, without relative sliding, and are in a fixed state with the ear shaft 11 and the shift fork 12 at the same time; in this state, the small speed ratio gear 4, the internal spline sleeve 5, the external spline 1 and the transmission shaft 2 are combined into a same-speed rotating component to achieve the purpose of shifting to a small speed ratio gear pair; when the two cylinder rods of the operating combined oil cylinder 23 are fully retracted, half of the internal spline sleeve 5 remains meshed with the external spline 1, and the other half slides into the secondary external spline 6 of the large speed ratio gear 3, to achieve the purpose of shifting to a large speed ratio gear pair.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a shift mechanism for a speed reducer of a heavy-loaded coiler for thick strips includes at least an external spline 1, which is sleeved on a transmission shaft 2 and fixed to the transmission shaft 2 by a flat key. A large speed ratio gear 3 and a small speed ratio gear 4 are installed on the transmission shaft 2, each of which is sleeved on the transmission shaft 2 through a pair of tapered roller bearings. The external spline 1 meshes with a set of internal spline sleeves 5 with the same spline specifications and the same width and can slide relative to each other. The sides of the large speed ratio gear 3 and the small speed ratio gear 4 are both processed with secondary external splines 6 of the same specifications, which can be slid into the internal spline sleeve 5 and combined with the large speed ratio gear 3 or the small speed ratio gear 4 and the external spline 1, so that the combined gears rotate at the same speed as the transmission shaft 2. The middle section of the outer ring surface of the internal spline sleeve 5 is an annular rectangular flange, and a bearing ring 7 with an L-shaped cross section is inserted on both sides of the flange. The flange of the internal spline sleeve 5 and the A surface and B surface of the bearing ring 7 are clearance-fitted and can slide relative to each other. The bearing ring 7 is fixed from both sides by a pair of combined pressure rings 8, which are tightly fitted with each other and fixed by saddle pins and cannot slide relative to each other. The combined pressure ring 8 is assembled by a circle of uniformly distributed fasteners. After the combined pressure rings 8 are buckled together, two ear shaft seats 9 and a keyway 10 are saddled. The two ear shaft seats 9 are distributed at 180°, and the keyway 10 is arranged at 90° with the two ear shaft seats 9. Two ear shafts 11 are installed in the ear shaft seat 9 of the combined pressure ring 8. The protruding parts of the upper and lower ear shafts 11 are respectively embedded in the U-shaped holes of the two shift forks 12. The shift fork 12 is inserted into a long rotating shaft 13 and fixed on the long rotating shaft 13 by a key and a set screw. The long rotating shaft 13 is generally installed vertically, and the upper and lower ends are installed in the rotating shaft seat 14 of the box cover and the bottom of the reducer through bearings. There is a pin hole near the U-shaped hole on the upper fork 12, and a pin shaft 15 is installed. The other end of the pin shaft 15 is sleeved with a set of double-headed spherical bearings 16. The spacing between the two ends of the double-headed spherical bearings 16 can be adjusted by the adjustment bolts 17 in the middle. The other end of the double-headed spherical bearings 16 is connected to one end of the swing arm 19 through the pin shaft 2 18. The characteristic of the double-headed spherical bearings 16 is that the pin shaft installed thereon can rotate 360° axially and swing within a certain cone angle, accommodating the cumulative errors of processing and assembly within a certain range. The other end of the swing arm 19 is sleeved on the short rotating shaft 20 and fixed through a cylindrical pin. The short rotating shaft 20 is installed in the rotating shaft seat 21 of the reduction box cover through two sets of bearings. The other end of the short rotating shaft 20 is fixedly installed with the swing arm 22 through a key, and the other end of the swing arm 22 is hinged to the end of the cylinder rod on one side of a pair of combined oil cylinders 23 combined together at the tail end. The other end of the cylinder rod of the combined oil cylinder 23 is hinged to the support 24 on the top of the reduction box cover.

[0048] The present invention uses a bearing ring 7 as a thrust component for fixing the internal spline sleeve 5 for shifting, so that the part that bears vibration and impact is changed from the linear contact between the outer rings of the two bearings and the internal spline sleeve in the conventional shifting mechanism to the full-circle surface contact between the bearing ring 7 and the internal spline sleeve 5 in the present invention, and the bearing ring 7 is made of high-strength wear-resistant material, which greatly improves the ability of the thrust component to bear impact. However, since the thrust component is in friction contact, if the speed is too high, too much heat will be generated, causing the bearing ring 7 to overheat and fail. Therefore, the present invention is just suitable for equipment such as the reducer of a heavy-loaded coiler for thick strips, which has a large impact but a low speed. In addition, by introducing circulating lubricating oil into the friction surface of the bearing ring 7 to enhance lubrication and cooling of the bearing ring 7, the applicable upper limit of the speed of the shifting mechanism can be increased within a certain range. The present invention has carried out a shift axis design through the combination of the first rotating arm 19, the second rotating arm 22, the short rotating shaft 20 and the double-headed spherical bearing 16. By designing the length ratio of the first rotating arm 19 and the second rotating arm 22 and utilizing the principle of lever, the larger and heavier internal spline sleeve 5 in the heavy-duty reduction box can be pushed by a smaller oil cylinder 23, and the meshing position of the internal spline sleeve 5 and the secondary external spline 6 of the gear can be adjusted more finely by adjusting the length of the double-headed spherical bearing 16. Compared with the solution of using a larger oil cylinder to directly push the long rotating shaft 13 and the shift fork 12 and then push the internal spline sleeve 5, the solution of the present invention can better eliminate the problem of meshing position deviation between the internal spline sleeve 5 and the secondary external spline 6 of the gear caused by manufacturing and assembly errors, and also avoid the waste of materials and energy caused by using a large oil cylinder to drive.

[0049] Aiming at the working conditions where the speed of the reducer of a heavy-loaded coiler for thick strips is low but the impact is large, the present invention uses a bearing ring 7 with a full circle of surface contact as the thrust component of the fixed shift internal spline sleeve 5, and is made of high-strength wear-resistant material. Therefore, it can withstand vibrations and impacts that are far greater than the load-bearing limit of the line contact bearing assembly, thereby achieving an extra-long maintenance period for the shift mechanism of the heavy-loaded coiler reducer, and even a maintenance period with the same life as that of the transmission gear.

[0050] The present invention removes the bearing assembly in the conventional speed reducer shifting mechanism, greatly reducing the probability of failure shutdown caused by bearing breakage, thereby reducing the equipment failure rate and shutdown maintenance time.

[0051] The structure of the combined pressure ring 8 and the bearing ring 7 provided by the present invention can introduce circulating lubricating oil into all friction surfaces between the bearing ring 7 and the inner spline sleeve 5, thereby enhancing the lubrication and cooling effect on the friction surfaces and improving the applicable upper limit of the rotation speed of the shift mechanism.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A gear shift mechanism for a reduction gearbox of a heavy-load coiler for thick strips, characterized in that: It comprises an external spline (1), a transmission shaft (2), a large speed ratio gear (3), a small speed ratio gear (4), an internal spline sleeve (5), a secondary external spline (6), a bearing ring (7), a combined pressure ring (8), a trunnion seat (9), a keyway (10), a trunnion (11), a shift fork (12), a long rotating shaft (13), a rotating shaft seat (14), a pin shaft (15), a double-headed spherical bearing (16), an adjusting bolt (17), a pin shaft (18), a rotating arm (19), a short rotating shaft (20), a rotating shaft seat (21), a rotating arm (22), a combined oil cylinder (23) and a support (24); the external spline (1) is sleeved on the transmission shaft (2); the large speed ratio gear (3) and the small speed ratio gear (4) are sleeved on the transmission shaft (2); The external spline (1) meshes with a set of internal spline sleeves (5) with the same spline specifications and the same width and can slide relative to each other; the side surfaces of the large speed ratio gear (3) and the small speed ratio gear (4) are both processed with auxiliary external splines (6) of the same specifications, and the auxiliary external splines (6) can be slid into the internal spline sleeve (5) to combine the large speed ratio gear (3) or the small speed ratio gear (4) with the external spline (1); the middle section of the outer ring surface of the internal spline sleeve (5) is an annular rectangular flange, and a bearing ring (7) with an L-shaped cross section is inserted on both sides of the flange; the bearing ring (7) is buckled and fixed from both sides by a pair of combined pressure rings (8); after the combined pressure rings (8) are buckled together, two ear shaft seats (9) and a keyway (10) are processed on the seam; the two ear shaft seats (9) are distributed at 180 degrees, and the keyway (10) is arranged at 90 degrees with the two ear shaft seats (9); ear shafts (11) are installed in the two ear shaft seats (9) of the combined pressure ring (8); the protruding parts of the upper and lower ear shafts (11) are respectively embedded in the U-shaped holes of the two shift forks (12); the two shift forks (12) are inserted into a long rotating shaft (13) and fixed on the long rotating shaft (13) by keys and set screws; the long rotating shaft (13) is installed vertically, and the upper and lower ends are installed in the rotating shaft seat (14) of the box cover and the bottom of the reduction box through bearings; there is a pin hole near the U-shaped hole on the upper shift fork (12), and a pin shaft (15) is installed; the other end of the pin shaft (15) is sleeved with a set of double-headed A joint bearing (16), wherein the spacing between the two ends of the double-headed joint bearing (16) is adjusted by an adjusting bolt (17) in the middle, and the other end of the double-headed joint bearing (16) is connected to one end of a swing arm (19) by a second pin shaft (18), and the other end of the swing arm (19) is sleeved on a short rotating shaft (20) and is fixed by a cylindrical pin passing through it; the short rotating shaft (20) is installed in a second rotating shaft seat (21) of a reduction gear box cover by two sets of bearings, and the other end of the short rotating shaft (20) is fixedly installed with a second swing arm (22) by a key, and the other end of the second swing arm (22) is hinged to the end of a cylinder rod on one side of a combined oil cylinder (23), and the end of the cylinder rod on the other side of the combined oil cylinder (23) is hinged to a support (24) on the top of the reduction gear box cover;The described bearing ring (7) is processed with a full circle of annular oil grooves (28) at the corner near the combined pressure ring (8), and 4 to 6 radial oil grooves (29) are evenly arranged on the end face A and the end face B of the bearing ring (7); a pin key (30) is installed between the two shift forks (12) of the described long rotating shaft (13), and one end of the pin key (30) is a pin tightly mounted on the long rotating shaft (13), and the other end is a key embedded in the keyway (10) of the described combined pressure ring (8). ; 2. The shift mechanism for a reduction gearbox of a thick strip heavy-load coiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high speed ratio gear (3) and the low speed ratio gear (4) are both mounted on the transmission shaft (2) via a pair of tapered roller bearings.

3. The shift mechanism for a reduction gearbox of a thick strip heavy-load coiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external spline (1) is sleeved on the transmission shaft (2) and is fixed to the transmission shaft (2) via a flat key.

4. The shift mechanism for a reduction gearbox of a thick strip heavy-load coiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined oil cylinder (23) comprises at least two oil cylinders, and the two oil cylinders are combined together with their tails facing each other.

5. The shift mechanism for a reduction gearbox of a thick strip heavy-load coiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined pressure ring (8) is also processed with a pipe thread hole (25) and a through oil hole (26), and the through oil hole (26) is connected to a lubrication hose (27) led out from the reduction box lubrication pipeline.

6. The shift mechanism for a reduction gearbox of a thick strip heavy-load coiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal splines of the internal spline sleeve (5) are spur gear internal ring gears, and the external splines (1) matched therewith and the auxiliary external splines (6) of the large speed ratio gear (3) and the small speed ratio gear (4) can also be processed into spur gear auxiliary external ring gears with the same module and pitch circle diameter.

7. The method for using the shift mechanism of the speed reducer for a thick strip heavy-load coiler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: by adjusting the phase angle of the first rotating arm (19) and the second rotating arm (22) on the short rotating shaft (20) and the length of the double-headed joint bearing (16), when one of the cylinder rods of the combined oil cylinder (23) is extended, the inner spline sleeve (5) is flush with the end face of the outer spline (1) and is separated from the gears on both sides. At this time, the two sets of gears of the input shaft (31) can only drive the large speed ratio gear (3) and the small speed ratio gear (4) meshed therewith to idle, and cannot drive the transmission shaft (2) to rotate, and the shift mechanism is in a neutral position; when the other cylinder rod of the combined oil cylinder (23) is extended, the long rotating shaft (13) drives the shift fork (12) to rotate, drives the ear shaft (11) and the combined pressure ring (8) to move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft (2), pushes half of the inner spline sleeve (5) to slide into the secondary outer spline (6) of the small speed ratio gear (4), and the other half remains meshed with the outer spline (1); The end faces A and B of the bearing ring (7) are clearance-fitted with the outer ring surface of the inner spline sleeve (5) so that they can slide relative to each other. When the inner spline sleeve (5) rotates at a high speed, circulating lubricating oil can be introduced to enhance the lubrication and cooling of the sliding surfaces A and B. The bearing ring (7) and the combined pressure ring (8) are tightly fitted and equipped with a saddle pin without relative sliding, and are simultaneously in a fixed state with the ear shaft (11) and the shift fork (12). In this state, the small speed ratio gear (4), the inner spline sleeve (5), the outer spline (1) and the transmission shaft (2) are combined into a same-speed rotating assembly to achieve the purpose of shifting to the small speed ratio gear pair. When the two cylinder rods of the operating combined oil cylinder (23) are fully retracted, half of the inner spline sleeve (5) remains meshed with the outer spline (1), and the other half slides into the secondary outer spline (6) of the large speed ratio gear (3), so as to achieve the purpose of shifting to the large speed ratio gear pair.

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