Rotor structure of permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor with self-starting hybrid excitation, motor

Abstract

The present invention provides a rotor structure and motor for a self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motor. The rotor structure includes a rotor core, which is provided with a plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor core. The magnetic barrier slot groups include multiple layers of magnetic barrier slots, at least one layer of which contains at least one permanent magnet unit, and another layer of which contains at least one non-magnetic conductor unit. This permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motor has a step-out protection function. The non-magnetic conductor unit acts as a damping winding. When the motor is operating synchronously, it can divert transient surge currents generated by the rotor under various abnormal conditions to the rotor ends, where they offset each other and return to zero, thereby preventing heating of the rotor structure and demagnetization of the magnetic steel. This rotor structure effectively improves the efficiency and practicality of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor equipment, and in particular to a rotor structure of a self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor and a motor. Background Art

[0002] Permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motors are currently a development trend for permanent magnet synchronous motors. In the home appliance sector, ferrite-assisted reluctance compressors are gradually replacing DC rare earth compressors. In the industrial motor sector, industrial reluctance motors are replacing YE3 induction motors, and rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motors used in automobiles are also likely to be replaced by permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motors.

[0003] Currently, industrial permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motors are already used in products such as water pumps and fans. Bus drive motors, for example, are high-power, high-torque motors that typically use rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motors. However, the use of permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motors allows for the use of inexpensive ferrite as the auxiliary magnetic material, eliminating the need for expensive rare earth permanent magnets. This represents a significant technological advancement. Currently, there are three types of rotor structures for reluctance motors in the motor industry:

[0004] The first type is that the magnetic barrier slot is not filled, which is a non-auxiliary magnetic reluctance motor, that is, a common reluctance motor, such as Figure 1 The second type is that the magnetic barrier slot is filled with metal non-magnetic material. This type of reluctance motor belongs to the self-starting non-auxiliary magnetic reluctance motor, such as Figure 2 As shown. The third type, as Figure 3 As shown, the magnetic barrier slots are filled with permanent magnets. The permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor with this structure is a fully auxiliary reluctance motor because the magnetic barrier slots are all filled with permanent magnets for auxiliary excitation. It has no self-starting function and is a non-self-starting motor.

[0005] The motor structure in the prior art has the following defects:

[0006] 1. There is no asynchronous starting and running function. Once the load exceeds the maximum reluctance torque of the motor, the motor will lose synchronous operation and the rotor speed will gradually drop to zero. The motor can only be restarted after the load is reduced.

[0007] 2. There is no abnormal protection function. When the stator three-phase unbalance or asymmetric short circuit occurs in the reluctance motor, a transient axial impact current will appear in the rotor. This current is very large and may cause the magnet to demagnetize or the rotor to heat up and burn out.

[0008] 3. The rotor core is made of laminated sheets and fixed with rivets. This structure has the following disadvantages:

[0009] (1) Additional eddy currents are generated around the rivets (which would not occur without these fixing rivets), increasing the heating of the rotor.

[0010] (2) Since the contact area between the rivet head and the iron core is small, and the iron core requires a certain "stack coefficient" (i.e., compression), the end of the iron core is uneven after the iron core is riveted, and the axial dimensions of the riveted position and other positions of the iron core are different (the difference is large), which will also cause the rotor eddy current to increase. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotor structure and a motor of a self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor, so as to solve the problem of easy heating of the rotor structure in the prior art.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a rotor structure of a self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor is provided, comprising: a rotor core, a plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups being provided on the rotor core, the plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups being arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotor core, the magnetic barrier slot groups comprising multiple layers of magnetic barrier slots, at least one layer of the magnetic barrier slot group having at least one permanent magnet unit disposed therein, and at least one non-magnetic conductor unit being disposed therein in the magnetic barrier slots of another layer of the magnetic barrier slot group.

[0013] Furthermore, each magnetic barrier slot group includes a first layer of magnetic barrier slots and a second layer of magnetic barrier slots, the first layer of magnetic barrier slots is arranged close to the side of the shaft hole of the rotor core, and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots is located outside the first layer of magnetic barrier slots, at least one non-magnetic conductor unit is arranged in the first layer of magnetic barrier slots, and at least one permanent magnet unit is arranged in the second layer of magnetic barrier slots.

[0014] Furthermore, the second layer of magnetic barrier slots includes a first component segment and a second component segment, the first end of the first component segment is arranged toward one side of the shaft hole, the second end of the first component segment is extended outward along the radial direction of the rotor core, the first end of the second component segment is arranged toward one side of the shaft hole, and the first end of the second component segment is arranged at a distance from the first component segment, the first component segment and the second component segment are symmetrically arranged about the intersection axis of the rotor core, the second end of the second component segment is extended outward along the radial direction of the rotor core, a permanent magnet unit is respectively arranged in the first component segment and the second component segment, or a permanent magnet unit is arranged in one of the first component segment and the second component segment, and a non-magnetic conductor unit is arranged in the other of the first component segment and the second component segment.

[0015] Furthermore, each magnetic barrier slot group includes a first layer of magnetic barrier slots and a second layer of magnetic barrier slots, the first layer of magnetic barrier slots is arranged close to the side of the shaft hole of the rotor core, and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots is located outside the first layer of magnetic barrier slots, at least one permanent magnet unit is arranged in the first layer of magnetic barrier slots, and at least one non-magnetic conductor unit is arranged in the second layer of magnetic barrier slots.

[0016] Furthermore, the second layer of magnetic barrier slots includes a first component segment and a second component segment, the first end of the first component segment is arranged toward one side of the shaft hole, the second end of the first component segment extends outward along the radial direction of the rotor core, the first end of the second component segment is arranged toward one side of the shaft hole, and the first end of the second component segment is arranged at a distance from the first component segment, the first component segment and the second component segment are symmetrically arranged about the intersection axis of the rotor core, the second end of the second component segment extends outward along the radial direction of the rotor core, and a non-magnetic conductor unit is respectively provided in the first component segment and the second component segment.

[0017] Furthermore, the first layer of magnetic barrier slots includes a third component segment, a fourth component segment and a fifth component segment in sequence, the first end of the third component segment is arranged toward the side of the axial hole of the rotor core, the second end of the third component segment is extended along the radial direction of the rotor core, the first end of the fourth component segment is arranged at a distance from the first end of the third component segment, the second end of the fourth component segment is arranged away from the third component segment, the first end of the fifth component segment is distanced from the second end of the fourth component segment, the second end of the fifth component segment is extended along the radial direction of the rotor core, the fifth component segment is arranged opposite to the third component segment, and the third component segment, the fourth component segment and the fifth component segment are symmetrically arranged about the cross axis of the rotor core; wherein, at least one of the third component segment, the fourth component segment and the fifth component segment is provided with a non-magnetic conductor unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the distance between the first segment and the second segment is arranged to gradually increase outward along the radial direction of the rotor core.

[0019] Furthermore, the rotor core is also provided with a first through hole, which is used to set a permanent magnet or a non-magnetic conductor. The first through hole is located between the first layer of magnetic barrier slots and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots, and the first through hole is arranged close to the first end of the first component segment and the first end of the second component segment, or the first through hole is located outside the second layer of magnetic barrier slots, and the first through hole is arranged close to the first end of the first component segment and the first end of the second component segment.

[0020] Furthermore, the rotor core is also provided with a plurality of second through holes, which are used to set permanent magnets or non-magnetic conductors. The plurality of second through holes are arranged at intervals along the outer edge of the rotor core, and the plurality of second through holes are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups. The cross-sections of the first through hole and the second through hole have the same or different shapes, and the cross-sections of the first through hole and the second through hole are at least one of polygonal, circular, and elliptical.

[0021] Furthermore, in each magnetic barrier slot group, the quadrature axis of the rotor core is arranged through the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0022] Furthermore, the magnetic barrier groove group includes at least two layers of magnetic barrier grooves.

[0023] Further, the non-magnetic conductor unit is made of copper or aluminum.

[0024] Furthermore, the rotor structure also includes: end baffles, there are two end baffles, the two end baffles are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotor core and connected to the non-magnetic conductor unit, wherein the rotor core includes multiple core punchings, and the multiple core punchings are pressed by the end baffles to form the rotor core.

[0025] Furthermore, the number of poles of the rotor structure is P, where P=2N, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0026] Furthermore, the magnetic properties of the end stop and the non-magnetic conductor are the same.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, a self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor is provided, comprising a rotor structure, which is the above-mentioned rotor structure.

[0028] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, multiple magnetic barrier slot groups are provided on the rotor core. At least one permanent magnet unit is disposed within one layer of the magnetic barrier slot groups, and at least one conductor unit is disposed within another layer of the magnetic barrier slot groups. This configuration enables a motor with this rotor structure to function asynchronously. When the motor loses step due to overload, it can also operate asynchronously for a period of time, similar to an induction motor. This permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motor structure provides step-out protection. Because the non-magnetic conductor units within the rotor core function as damping windings, when the motor is operating synchronously, transient surge currents generated by the rotor under various abnormal conditions are directed to the rotor ends, where they offset each other and return to zero, thus preventing heating of the rotor structure and demagnetization of the magnetic steel. This rotor structure effectively improves the efficiency and practicality of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 The embodiment of the prior art in which only magnetic barrier slots are provided on the rotor core is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 An embodiment of the prior art in which the magnetic barrier slots on the rotor core are filled with only non-magnetic conductors is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 An embodiment of the prior art in which the magnetic barrier slots on the rotor core are filled with only permanent magnets is shown;

[0033] Figure 4A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a rotor core according to the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 5 Shown Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the embodiment along the A-A line;

[0035] Figure 6 Shown Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a rotor core;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a rotor core according to the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a rotor core punching sheet according to the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a rotor core according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a rotor core according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a rotor core punching sheet according to the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of a rotor core according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 shows a schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of a rotor core according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 14 shows a schematic structural diagram of a seventh embodiment of a rotor core according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 15 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an end baffle and a non-magnetic conductor of a rotor core according to the present invention is shown;

[0045] Figure 16 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an end baffle and a non-magnetic conductor of a rotor core according to the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 17 Shown Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the embodiment along the C-C direction.

[0047] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0048] 10. Rotor core;

[0049] 11, first layer of magnetic barrier groove; 111, third component segment; 112, fourth component segment; 113, fifth component segment;

[0050] 12, second layer of magnetic barrier groove; 121, first component segment; 122, second component segment;

[0051] 13. Axis hole;

[0052] 14. First through hole; 15. Second through hole;

[0053] 20. Permanent magnet unit;

[0054] 30. Non-magnetic conductor unit;

[0055] 40. End baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0058] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0059] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of this application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to represent the same devices, and thus their descriptions will be omitted.

[0060] Combine Figures 4 to 17 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, a rotor structure for a self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motor is provided. Specifically, the rotor structure includes a rotor core 10. The rotor core 10 is provided with a plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotor core 10. The magnetic barrier slot groups include multiple layers of magnetic barrier slots. At least one magnetic barrier slot in at least one layer of the magnetic barrier slot group is provided with at least one permanent magnet unit 20, and at least one non-magnetic conductor unit 30 is provided in the magnetic barrier slots in another layer of the magnetic barrier slot group.

[0061] In this embodiment, multiple magnetic barrier slot groups are provided on the rotor core. At least one permanent magnet unit is located within one layer of the magnetic barrier slot groups, and at least one conductor unit is located within another layer of the magnetic barrier slot groups. This configuration enables a motor with this rotor structure to function asynchronously. If the motor loses step due to overload, it can operate asynchronously for a period of time, similar to an induction motor. This permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motor structure provides step-out protection. The non-magnetic conductor units within the rotor core act as damping windings. When the motor operates synchronously, they can direct transient surge currents generated by various abnormal rotor conditions to the rotor ends, where they offset and return to zero, thereby preventing heating of the rotor structure and demagnetization of the magnetic steel. This rotor structure effectively improves the efficiency and practicality of the motor. At the same time, in view of the current characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motors with multiple varieties and multiple working conditions, while keeping the rotor punching structure unchanged, the magnetic barrier slots can be filled by different combinations of permanent magnets and non-magnetic conductors to meet the needs of different working conditions. This greatly improves the efficiency of new product development and reduces the cost of new product development (reducing the number of rotor punching mold openings). Among them, the loss of step mentioned here refers to the situation where the permanent magnet synchronous motor is overloaded to a certain extent, causing the rotor speed to fall below the stator rotating magnetic field speed (synchronous speed).

[0062] like Figures 5 to 8As shown, each magnetic barrier slot group includes a first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11 and a second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12. The first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11 is located near the axial hole 13 of the rotor core 10, and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12 is located outside the first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11. At least one non-magnetic conductor unit 30 is located within the first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11, and at least one permanent magnet unit 20 is located within the second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12. A motor with this rotor structure can prevent heating of the rotor structure and demagnetization of the magnetic steel. This rotor structure effectively improves the efficiency and practicality of the motor.

[0063] Specifically, the second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12 includes a first segment 121 and a second segment 122. The first end of the first segment 121 is disposed toward the shaft hole 13, and the second end of the first segment 121 extends outwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core 10. The first end of the second segment 122 is disposed toward the shaft hole 13, and the first end of the second segment 122 is spaced apart from the first segment 121. The first and second segments 121, 122 are symmetrically disposed about the quadrature axis or the pole centerline of the rotor core 10, and the second end of the second segment 122 extends outwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core 10. A permanent magnet unit 20 is disposed in each of the first and second segments 121, 122. Alternatively, one of the first and second segments 121, 122 is disposed with a permanent magnet unit 20, and the other of the first and second segments 121, 122 is disposed with a non-magnetic conductor unit 30. This arrangement optimizes the magnetic circuit of the rotor core, effectively improving the performance of the motor.

[0064] According to another embodiment of the present application, each magnetic barrier slot group includes a first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11 and a second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12. The first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11 is located near the axial hole 13 of the rotor core 10, and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12 is located outside the first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11. At least one permanent magnet unit 20 is located within the first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11, and at least one non-magnetic conductor unit 30 is located within the second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12. This arrangement can also provide the motor with asynchronous starting capabilities. If the motor loses step due to overload, it can also operate asynchronously for a period of time in the manner of an induction motor. This permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motor structure provides loss-of-step protection.

[0065] In this embodiment, the second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12 includes a first segment 121 and a second segment 122. The first end of the first segment 121 is disposed toward the shaft hole 13, and the second end of the first segment 121 extends outwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core 10. The first end of the second segment 122 is disposed toward the shaft hole 13, and the first end of the second segment 122 is spaced apart from the first segment 121. The first and second segments 121 and 122 are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular axis of the rotor core 10, and the second end of the second segment 122 extends outwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core 10. A non-magnetic conductor unit 30 is disposed in each of the first and second segments 121 and 122. The provision of a non-magnetic conductor unit 30 in each segment enables the motor to have an asynchronous starting function, effectively improving its efficiency, protecting the motor, and further enhancing its reliability.

[0066] Furthermore, the first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11 sequentially includes a third segment 111, a fourth segment 112, and a fifth segment 113. The first end of the third segment 111 is positioned toward the axial hole 13 of the rotor core 10, and the second end of the third segment 111 extends radially along the rotor core 10. The first end of the fourth segment 112 is positioned at a distance from the first end of the third segment 111, and the second end of the fourth segment 112 is positioned away from the third segment 111. The first end of the fifth segment 113 is positioned at a distance from the second end of the fourth segment 112, and the second end of the fifth segment 113 extends radially along the rotor core 10. The fifth segment 113 is positioned opposite the third segment 111. The third, fourth, and fifth segments 111, 112, and 113 are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular axis of the rotor core 10. A non-magnetic conductor unit 30 is provided in at least one of the third, fourth, and fifth segments 111, 112, and 113. The first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11 is divided into three component segments. This arrangement can reduce the difficulty of machining the rotor structure and facilitate the arrangement of non-magnetic conductor units 30 or permanent magnet units 20 in each magnetic barrier slot component segment of the first layer of magnetic barrier slots.

[0067] Furthermore, the distance between the first segment 121 and the second segment 122 is arranged to gradually increase outward in the radial direction of the rotor core 10. That is, a V-shaped structure is formed between the first segment 121 and the second segment 122. This arrangement can optimize the magnetic circuit of the rotor core.

[0068] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the rotor core 10 is further provided with a first through hole 14, which is used to place a permanent magnet or a non-magnetic conductor. The first through hole 14 is located between the first layer of magnetic barrier slots 11 and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12, and is located near the first end of the first component segment 121 and the first end of the second component segment 122. Alternatively, as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the first through hole 14 is located outside the second layer of magnetic barrier slots 12 and is positioned near the first end of the first segment 121 and the first end of the second segment 122. This arrangement optimizes the rotor core's magnetic circuit, thereby reducing rotor core pulsation and improving motor performance. Compared to existing punching structures, this rotor punching has undergone structural improvements. The first through hole 14 is not used for rivet locking, but rather acts as a magnetic isolation bridge. This does not affect electromagnetic performance, but improves the rotor punching manufacturing process and enhances rotor magnetic pole accuracy.

[0069] To further improve motor performance, the rotor core 10 is further provided with a plurality of second through-holes 15. These second through-holes 15 are used to accommodate permanent magnets or non-magnetic conductors. These second through-holes 15 are spaced along the outer edge of the rotor core 10, corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups. The cross-sections of the first and second through-holes 14, 15 may be the same or different, and may be at least one of polygonal, circular, and elliptical. This arrangement also optimizes the rotor core's magnetic circuit, thereby reducing rotor core pulsation and improving motor performance.

[0070] Preferably, in each magnetic barrier slot group, the quadrature axis of the rotor core 10 is arranged through the first through hole 14 and the second through hole 15 .

[0071] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the magnetic barrier slot group includes at least two layers of magnetic barrier slots. The non-magnetic conductor unit 30 is made of copper or aluminum. This allows the motor to synchronously operate, diverting transient surge currents generated by the rotor under various abnormal conditions and offsetting them to zero at the end baffles, thereby reducing rotor heating and the risk of magnetic demagnetization.

[0072] like Figures 15 to 17As shown, the rotor structure also includes two end baffles 40, which are respectively disposed at both ends of the rotor core 10 and connected to the non-magnetic conductor unit 30. The rotor core 10 includes a plurality of core punchings, which are compressed by the end baffles 40 to form the rotor core 10. By using the end baffles 40 to compress and secure the rotor core punchings, the conventional method of fixing the rotor core punchings with rivets is avoided. This results in a high rotor stacking coefficient and good rotor length consistency, which can reduce rotor eddy currents, reduce rotor heat generation, and improve motor efficiency. Removing rivets can reduce rotor additional losses and also reduce rotor heat generation. The end baffles 40 are made of the same or similar material as the non-magnetic conductor 30.

[0073] The rotor structure in the present application has a pole number of P, where P=2N, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0074] The rotor structure in the above embodiment can also be used in the field of motor equipment technology. That is, according to another aspect of the present invention, a self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor is provided, including a rotor structure, which is the rotor structure in the above embodiment. From the perspective of motor principles, a reluctance motor with this rotor structure is a semi-auxiliary magnetic hybrid excitation reluctance motor; from an engineering technology perspective, permanent magnets and non-magnetic conductors can be freely combined to fill the magnetic barrier slots, so that the motor has different output characteristics to adapt to different motor operating conditions. Due to the use of different filling methods for the magnetic barrier slots, there is no need to produce new rotor punchings, which can greatly shorten the time for new product development and improve the efficiency of new product development.

[0075] Specifically, in the present application, the magnetic barrier slots of the existing reluctance motor rotor are partially filled with permanent magnets and partially filled with non-magnetic metal materials with good conductivity, i.e., non-magnetic conductor units, such as aluminum, copper, etc., according to a certain pattern, and short-circuit rings, i.e., end baffles (the short-circuit rings also serve as rotor baffles), are connected to the two ends of the rotor core, thus forming a semi-auxiliary magnetic reluctance motor rotor with hybrid excitation performance.

[0076] like Figure 10 As shown, the bottom connection portion of the original V-shaped magnetic barrier groove is widened, and a trapezoidal hole, namely the first through hole 14, is added. This makes the magnetic barrier groove structure of each layer similar, thereby improving the stamping processability of the rotor punching. In other words, the rotor structure of this application optimizes the rotor punching structure, improves the processability of the rotor punching, and makes the rotor more manufacturable.

[0077] The rotor structure of this application retains the high torque and low cost characteristics of a permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motor (full auxiliary magnet) while improving self-starting performance and permanent magnet synchronous motor stall protection. It also prevents transient axial currents in the motor rotor caused by asymmetric three-phase operation or unbalanced loads, which can cause severe rotor heating, permanent magnet demagnetization, and even rotor burnout.

[0078] The design of using end baffles to compress the rotor core laminations results in a high rotor stacking coefficient and good axial dimensional consistency, which reduces rotor eddy currents, reduces rotor heating, and improves motor efficiency. Eliminating the rotor core fixing holes reduces rotor parasitic losses and also reduces rotor heating.

[0079] In the present application, the magnetic barrier slot of the reluctance motor is divided into two parts, one part is filled with permanent magnets, and the other part is filled with metal non-magnetic material. The metal non-magnetic material with good electrical conductivity forms an axial conductor in the magnetic barrier slot, which is connected to the end baffle into a whole to form an end short-circuit ring, which concentrates the transient current generated by the rotor under abnormal operating conditions of the motor to the short-circuit ring (the rotor short-circuit ring is the three-phase "star point", I=0, U=0).

[0080] By adopting the technical means of this application, it is possible to add the self-starting (asynchronous starting) function and the step-out protection function by changing the rotor structure without changing the original punching structure. In addition, it is possible to expand a variety of rotor design schemes with different output characteristics to match the different working conditions of the motor without changing the punching structure. In this application, it is also possible to expand a variety of punching design schemes, and through different filling methods, it is also possible to expand more semi-auxiliary magnetic rotor schemes.

[0081] The motor structure of this application, a permanent magnet synchronous motor with self-starting performance, is applicable to all reluctance motors. The motor of this application is particularly suitable for permanent magnet-assisted reluctance motors with relatively large rotor diameters. Because the rotor diameter is large, the number of reluctance slots that can be opened is more varied, and there are also many electromagnetic design options. In theory, the greater the number of radially stacked reluctance slots, the greater the reluctance torque of the motor, and the more possible combinations of permanent magnets and non-magnetic conductors.

[0082] In this application, there can be a variety of ways to set up the magnetic barrier slots. For example, the magnetic barrier slots can be 2 slots or 3 slots per pole, or other multi-slot structures. The combination of permanent magnets and metal non-magnetic conductors can be selected according to actual needs (permanent magnet synchronous motors are non-standard designs, so the motor structure and electromagnetic scheme need to be determined according to the motor operating conditions). However, the arrangement must be symmetrical about the rotor's cross axis. The motor can also have a 2-pole, 4-pole, 6-pole, 8-pole..., and other multi-pole settings.

[0083] From a manufacturing perspective, the non-magnetic metal conductor that fills the magnetic barrier slots can be cast from materials like copper or aluminum (and then magnetized). Alternatively, it can be inserted using formed copper bars, then welded (or riveted) to the copper end baffles. In this process, the magnets can be magnetized first. This process is similar to the squirrel-cage rotor manufacturing process for asynchronous motors.

[0084] Because the rotor core assembly is already a single unit before being installed on the motor shaft, the rotor core maintains excellent structural integrity and strength. Furthermore, the inner bore of the rotor core assembly can be ground prior to motor shaft installation. This makes the rotor assembly process simpler and more efficient than current methods, resulting in better rotor dynamic balancing. In practical applications, different magnetic barrier slot filling methods and rotor designs can be selected based on the motor's operating conditions.

[0085] The biggest feature of this application in terms of motor principle is the self-starting reluctance motor with a semi-auxiliary magnetic hybrid excitation structure, which has a completely different excitation method compared to the existing non-auxiliary magnetic reluctance motor and full-auxiliary magnetic reluctance motor. In terms of structure, under the condition that the rotor punching structure remains unchanged, the excitation method can be easily adjusted and changed through different combinations of permanent magnets and non-magnetic conductors to change the output characteristics of the motor to adapt to different motor working conditions. According to the existing rotor structure, the general change in the motor working condition requires the redesign of the rotor punching, and the new rotor punching needs to be re-made with a new stamping die, which will extend the development cycle and increase development costs.

[0086] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0087] In addition to the above, it should be noted that references to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," and the like in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment as included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic, when implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0088] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0089] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor structure of a self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor, characterized in that: include: A rotor core (10), wherein a plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups are provided on the rotor core (10), the plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups being arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor core (10), the magnetic barrier slot groups comprising multiple layers of magnetic barrier slots, at least one permanent magnet unit (20) being provided in the magnetic barrier slots of at least one layer in the magnetic barrier slot group, and at least one non-magnetic conductor unit (30) being provided in the magnetic barrier slots of another layer in the magnetic barrier slot group; Each magnetic barrier slot group comprises a first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) and a second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12), wherein the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) is arranged close to a side of the shaft hole (13) of the rotor core (10), and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12) is located outside the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11), and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12) comprises a first component segment (121) and a second component segment (122), wherein a first end of the first component segment (121) is arranged toward a side of the shaft hole (13), and a second end of the first component segment (121) is extended outwardly along the radial direction of the rotor core (10). The first end of the second component segment (122) is arranged toward one side of the shaft hole (13), and the first end of the second component segment (122) is arranged at a distance from the first component segment (121), the first component segment (121) and the second component segment (122) are symmetrically arranged about the intersection axis of the rotor core (10), the second end of the second component segment (122) is extended outwardly along the radial direction of the rotor core (10), and one of the non-magnetic conductor units (30) is respectively arranged in the first component segment (121) and the second component segment (122).

2. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each magnetic barrier slot group comprises a first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) and a second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12), wherein the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) is arranged close to one side of the shaft hole (13) of the rotor core (10), and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12) is located outside the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11), at least one non-magnetic conductor unit (30) is arranged in the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11), and at least one permanent magnet unit (20) is arranged in the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12).

3. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one permanent magnet unit (20) is provided in the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11), and at least one non-magnetic conductor unit (30) is provided in the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12).

4. The rotor structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) comprises a third component segment (111), a fourth component segment (112) and a fifth component segment (113) in sequence, wherein the first end of the third component segment (111) is arranged toward the side of the shaft hole (13) of the rotor core (10), the second end of the third component segment (111) is extended along the radial direction of the rotor core (10), the first end of the fourth component segment (112) is arranged at a distance from the first end of the third component segment (111), and the fourth component segment (112) is arranged at a distance from the first end of the third component segment (111). The second end is arranged away from the third component segment (111), the first end of the fifth component segment (113) is spaced apart from the second end of the fourth component segment (112), the second end of the fifth component segment (113) is extended in the radial direction of the rotor core (10), the fifth component segment (113) is arranged opposite to the third component segment (111), and the third component segment (111), the fourth component segment (112) and the fifth component segment (113) are symmetrically arranged about the cross axis of the rotor core (10); Wherein, at least one of the third component segment (111), the fourth component segment (112) and the fifth component segment (113) is provided with one non-magnetic conductor unit (30).

5. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the first group segment (121) and the second group segment (122) is arranged to gradually increase outward along the radial direction of the rotor core (10).

6. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor core (10) is further provided with a first through hole (14), the first through hole (14) being used for arranging a permanent magnet or a non-magnetic conductor, the first through hole (14) being located between the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12), and the first through hole (14) being arranged close to the first end of the first component segment (121) and the first end of the second component segment (122), or the first through hole (14) being located outside the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12), and the first through hole (14) being arranged close to the first end of the first component segment (121) and the first end of the second component segment (122).

7. The rotor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotor core (10) is further provided with a plurality of second through holes (15), wherein the second through holes (15) are used to arrange permanent magnets or non-magnetic conductors, and the plurality of second through holes (15) are arranged at intervals along the outer edge of the rotor core (10), and the plurality of second through holes (15) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups, and the cross-sections of the first through hole (14) and the second through hole (15) are the same or different in shape, and the cross-sections of the first through hole (14) and the second through hole (15) are at least one of polygonal, circular, and elliptical.

8. The rotor structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In each of the magnetic barrier slot groups, the cross axis of the rotor core (10) is arranged through the first through hole (14) and the second through hole (15).

9. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic barrier groove group includes at least two layers of magnetic barrier grooves.

10. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-magnetic conductor unit (30) is made of copper or aluminum.

11. The rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor structure further comprises: End baffles (40), there are two end baffles (40), the two end baffles (40) are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotor core (10) and connected to the non-magnetic conductor unit (30), wherein the rotor core (10) includes a plurality of core punchings, and the plurality of core punchings are compressed by the end baffles (40) to form the rotor core (10).

12. The rotor structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The number of poles of the rotor structure is P, where P=2N, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

13. The rotor structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The material of the end baffle (40) is the same as that of the non-magnetic conductor (30).

14. A rotor structure of a self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor, characterized in that: include: A rotor core (10), wherein a plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups are provided on the rotor core (10), the plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups being arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor core (10), the magnetic barrier slot groups comprising multiple layers of magnetic barrier slots, at least one permanent magnet unit (20) being provided in the magnetic barrier slots of at least one layer in the magnetic barrier slot group, and at least one non-magnetic conductor unit (30) being provided in the magnetic barrier slots of another layer in the magnetic barrier slot group; Each magnetic barrier slot group comprises a first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) and a second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12), wherein the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) is arranged close to the side of the shaft hole (13) of the rotor core (10), and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12) is located outside the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11), and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12) comprises a first component segment (121) and a second component segment (122), wherein the first end of the first component segment (121) is arranged toward the side of the shaft hole (13), the second end of the first component segment (121) is extended outwardly along the radial direction of the rotor core (10), the first end of the second component segment (122) is arranged toward the side of the shaft hole (13), and the second end of the second component segment (122) is arranged toward the side of the shaft hole (13), and the second end of the second component segment (122) is arranged toward the side of the shaft hole (13). One end is arranged at a distance from the first component segment (121), the first component segment (121) and the second component segment (122) are symmetrically arranged about the cross axis of the rotor core (10), the second end of the second component segment (122) is extended outward along the radial direction of the rotor core (10), and one of the first component segment (121) and the second component segment (122) is provided with a permanent magnet unit (20), or one of the first component segment (121) and the second component segment (122) is provided with a permanent magnet unit (20), and the other of the first component segment (121) and the second component segment (122) is provided with a non-magnetic conductor unit (30).

15. The rotor structure according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) comprises a third component segment (111), a fourth component segment (112) and a fifth component segment (113) in sequence, wherein the first end of the third component segment (111) is arranged toward the side of the shaft hole (13) of the rotor core (10), the second end of the third component segment (111) is extended along the radial direction of the rotor core (10), the first end of the fourth component segment (112) is arranged at a distance from the first end of the third component segment (111), and the fourth component segment (112) is arranged at a distance from the first end of the third component segment (111). The second end is arranged away from the third component segment (111), the first end of the fifth component segment (113) is spaced apart from the second end of the fourth component segment (112), the second end of the fifth component segment (113) is extended in the radial direction of the rotor core (10), the fifth component segment (113) is arranged opposite to the third component segment (111), and the third component segment (111), the fourth component segment (112) and the fifth component segment (113) are symmetrically arranged about the cross axis of the rotor core (10); Wherein, at least one of the third component segment (111), the fourth component segment (112) and the fifth component segment (113) is provided with one non-magnetic conductor unit (30).

16. The rotor structure according to claim 14, characterized in that The distance between the first group segment (121) and the second group segment (122) is arranged to gradually increase outward along the radial direction of the rotor core (10).

17. The rotor structure according to claim 14, characterized in that: The rotor core (10) is further provided with a first through hole (14), the first through hole (14) being used for arranging a permanent magnet or a non-magnetic conductor, the first through hole (14) being located between the first layer of magnetic barrier slots (11) and the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12), and the first through hole (14) being arranged close to the first end of the first component segment (121) and the first end of the second component segment (122), or the first through hole (14) being located outside the second layer of magnetic barrier slots (12), and the first through hole (14) being arranged close to the first end of the first component segment (121) and the first end of the second component segment (122).

18. The rotor structure according to claim 17, characterized in that: The rotor core (10) is further provided with a plurality of second through holes (15), wherein the second through holes (15) are used to arrange permanent magnets or non-magnetic conductors, and the plurality of second through holes (15) are arranged at intervals along the outer edge of the rotor core (10), and the plurality of second through holes (15) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of magnetic barrier slot groups, and the cross-sections of the first through hole (14) and the second through hole (15) are the same or different in shape, and the cross-sections of the first through hole (14) and the second through hole (15) are at least one of polygonal, circular, and elliptical.

19. The rotor structure according to claim 18, characterized in that In each of the magnetic barrier slot groups, the cross axis of the rotor core (10) is arranged through the first through hole (14) and the second through hole (15).

20. A self-starting hybrid excitation permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor, comprising a rotor structure, characterized in that: The rotor structure is the rotor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

Images