Semi-cellar type cultivation device and cultivation method of Dendrobium officinale

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-cellar type cultivation device and a cultivation method for Dendrobium officinale, comprising a ground, an underground shed installed below the ground, and an above-ground shed above the ground, a ground base layer is arranged at the lower part between the front wall of the underground shed and the rear wall of the underground shed, a water storage layer is arranged at the upper part of the ground base layer, a matrix layer is arranged at the upper part of the water storage layer for planting Dendrobium officinale, a water spray cooling device is provided with a water spray pump installed on the side wall, a condenser is installed on the water spray pump, a fogging heating device is arranged on the inner side of the above-ground shed, a fogging heating device is provided with a fogging pump installed on the inner wall, a spray heater is installed on the fogging pump, a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors and light sensors provided by a collection control device are installed in the above-ground shed for collecting temperature, humidity and light in the above-ground shed, the temperature and humidity sensors and the light sensors are connected to a collection control box; the invention realizes automatic collection of temperature, humidity and light in the shed and controls the switching of corresponding equipment through automatic control, thereby realizing intelligent planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a semi-cellar type cultivation device and a cultivation method for Dendrobium officinale. Background Art

[0002] Dendrobium officinale grows wild on tree trunks or rocks at an altitude of 1,600 meters in a cool, humid, and airy environment. Now, through tissue culture and artificial cultivation, it has been successful, and a large planting scale has been formed in Zhejiang, Yunnan and other places. In recent years, our northern region has also begun to introduce species one after another. However, in order to create a living environment for Dendrobium officinale, greenhouses are built, which requires large investments and high energy consumption. And only the temperature, humidity and light in the upper part can be controlled, and the temperature and humidity in the matrix cannot be monitored, which affects the growth of Dendrobium officinale and is prone to root rot. Dendrobium officinale requires a lot of water to grow. The water required for the cultivation of existing Dendrobium officinale is usually sprayed from the upper part, and a large amount of water penetrates into the ground, causing the loss of water resources. At the same time, the humidification and cooling and heating devices are usually completed by multiple separate devices, resulting in energy consumption, and the heating and cooling diffusion range is slow, resulting in uneven plant growth. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a semi-cellar cultivation device and a cultivation method for Dendrobium officinale to solve the problem of water loss and uneven plant growth caused by humidification, heating and cooling separation. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a semi-cellar type cultivation device and a cultivation method for Dendrobium officinale.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a semi-cellar type cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale, comprising a ground, an underground shed installed below the ground, and an above-ground shed above the ground, wherein the underground shed is provided with a front wall of the underground shed at the front and a rear wall of the underground shed at the rear, a base layer is provided at the lower part between the front wall of the underground shed and the rear wall of the underground shed, a water storage layer is provided at the upper part of the base layer, and a substrate layer is provided at the upper part of the water storage layer, for planting Dendrobium officinale, and the tops of the front wall of the underground shed and the rear wall of the underground shed are respectively connected to the above-ground shed. The front wall and the rear wall of the ground shed, the upper part of the front wall of the ground shed and the rear wall of the ground shed are equipped with an automatic sunshade layer, the inner side of the side wall of one side of the ground shed is equipped with a water spray cooling device, the water spray cooling device is provided with a water spray pump installed on the side wall, a condenser is installed on the water spray pump, and is used to cool the water in the water spray pump, the lower part of the water spray pump is connected to an upper water pipe 1, the lower part of the upper water pipe passes through the matrix layer and extends into the water storage layer, the upper part of the water spray pump is connected to a water spray pipe, the water spray pipes are distributed in the ground shed, and a plurality of water spray ports are provided on the water spray pipe;

[0005] A fogging and heating device is provided inside the ground shed. A fogging water pump provided in the fogging and heating device is installed on the inner wall. A spray heater is installed on the fogging water pump for heating the spray water. A fog outlet is provided at the front end of the spray heater. A water pipe 2 is installed at the lower part of the fogging water pump. The lower part of the water pipe 2 passes through the matrix layer and extends into the water storage layer.

[0006] A plurality of temperature and humidity sensors and light sensors provided with a collection control device are installed in the ground shed for collecting the temperature, humidity and light in the ground shed. The temperature and humidity sensors and light sensors are electrically connected to the collection control box.

[0007] Specifically, a plurality of foundation piles are provided in the water storage layer for supporting the matrix layer in cooperation with the front wall and the rear wall of the underground shed. A liquid level sensor is provided in the water storage layer for monitoring the water level of the water storage layer.

[0008] Specifically, a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors are inserted into the matrix layer, and a plurality of searchlights are installed in the ground shed to supplement light for the Dendrobium officinale.

[0009] Specifically, a PLC controller is installed in the acquisition control box, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to a water spray pump, a fog pump, a condenser, a spray heater, a searchlight, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a light sensor.

[0010] Specifically, stones and humus are laid in the substrate layer, and the upper part of the substrate layer is in a ridge-like shape and is provided with a drainage ditch, so that excess water in the upper part flows into the water storage layer, thereby forming a water circulation.

[0011] Specifically, ventilation windows are provided on the side walls of the above-ground shed for ventilation of the above-ground shed.

[0012] Specifically, the motor provided for the automatic sunshade layer is installed on the rear wall of the ground shed, the drive shaft of the motor is connected to a drum, the drum is connected to the sunshade layer, and guide rails are installed on the top of the two side walls of the ground shed for moving sliders on both sides of the sunshade layer along the guide rails.

[0013] A cultivation method of a semi-cellar type cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:

[0014] 1) Planting Dendrobium officinale on the ridges of the substrate layer, collecting the temperature, humidity and light in the ground shed through temperature and humidity sensors and light sensors, collecting the water level in the water storage layer through liquid level sensors, and transmitting the collected information to the PLC controller, which uploads it to the control system;

[0015] 2) The temperature, humidity and light intensity values ​​required by Dendrobium officinale are set in the control system. The temperature setting range of the air in the ground shed is 18°C-30°C, the temperature in the substrate layer is set to 12°C-25°C, the humidity in the air in the ground shed is set to 90%RH during the seedling stage in the first 7 days of planting, and is set to 70%RH-80%RH during the growth period after 7 days. The humidity in the substrate layer is set to 60%RH-70%RH and the substrate layer does not drip water into the water storage layer;

[0016] 3) During the first 7 days of planting, the light intensity of the seedling stage of Dendrobium officinale is controlled at 10000 Lux-13000 Lux, with a shading rate of 70%. After 7 days, the light intensity during the growth period is controlled at 15000 Lux, with a shading rate of 50%-70%;

[0017] 4) The PLC controller compares the information collected with the set value, controls the switches of the water spray pump, fog pump, condenser and spray heater, adjusts the temperature and humidity, controls the searchlight and motor switches, and adjusts the light intensity and shading rate;

[0018] 5) Monitor the liquid level of the liquid level sensor, and control the liquid level at 50%-60% of the water storage layer height. When the liquid level is low, water is injected through the water supply pipe 1 or 2 connected to the water injection pipe. When the liquid level is high, water is discharged through the water supply pipe 1 or 2 connected to an external water pump.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The semi-cellar type cultivation device of Dendrobium officinale designed by the present invention realizes automatic collection of temperature, humidity and light in the greenhouse and controls the switching of corresponding equipment through automatic control, thereby realizing intelligent planting; the designed water storage layer protects the roots of plants to avoid root rot caused by excessive underground water, and the evaporation of water ensures the moisture retention at the bottom of the matrix layer, and the water amount in the water storage layer is controllable, thereby realizing the recycling of water resources and avoiding the loss and waste of water resources; the designed water spray cooling device enables humidification and cooling to be completed together, or to be completed alone, thereby realizing the integration of equipment and avoiding resource waste; the designed fogging and heating device enables heating and humidification to be carried out together, or only heating and drying are carried out, and atomization makes the heating more uniform, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven plant growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a semi-cellar type cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a semi-cellar cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of a semi-cellar cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale.

[0024] In the figure: 1- above-ground shed; 2- underground shed; 3- ground; 1.1- rear wall of the above-ground shed; 1.2- front wall of the above-ground shed; 1.3- automatic sunshade layer; 1.4- ventilation window; 1.5- water spray cooling device; 1.6- fog heating device; 1.7- collection control device; 2.1- matrix layer; 2.2- water storage layer; 2.3- base layer; 2.4- rear wall of the underground shed; 2.5- front wall of the underground shed; 2 .6-foundation piles; 1.5.1-water spray pump; 1.5.2-condenser; 1.5.3-water spray pipe; 1.5.4-water spray outlet; 1.5.5-water supply pipe 1; 1.6.1-mist pump; 1.6.2-spray heater; 1.6.3-mist outlet; 1.6.4-water supply pipe 2; 1.7.1-collection control box; 1.7.2-temperature and humidity sensor; 1.7.3-searchlight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely further describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a semi-cellar cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale comprises a ground 3, an underground shed 2 installed below the ground, and an above-ground shed 1 above the ground. The underground shed 2 is provided with a front underground shed wall 1.2 at the front and a rear underground shed wall 1.1 at the rear. A base layer 2.3 is provided at the lower part between the front underground shed wall 1.2 and the rear underground shed wall 1.1. A water storage layer 2.2 is provided at the upper part of the base layer 2.3. A substrate layer 2.1 is provided at the upper part of the water storage layer 2.2. Stones and humus are laid in the substrate layer 2.1 for planting Dendrobium officinale. The upper part of the substrate layer 2.1 is in a ridge shape and is provided with a drainage ditch. Excess water from the upper part flows into the water storage layer 2.2 to form water recycling. A number of foundation piles are arranged in the water storage layer 2.2 to support the matrix layer 2.1 in cooperation with the front wall 1.2 and the rear wall 1.1 of the underground shed. A liquid level sensor is arranged in the water storage layer 2.2 to monitor the water level of the water storage layer 2.2. The water storage layer 2.2 protects the roots of plants to avoid root rot caused by excessive underground water, and the evaporation of water ensures the moisture retention at the bottom of the matrix layer 2.1. The amount of water in the water storage layer 2.2 is controllable to realize the recycling of water resources and avoid the loss and waste of water resources.

[0027] The top of the underground shed front wall 1.2 and the underground shed rear wall 1.1 are respectively connected to the ground shed front wall 2.5 and the ground shed rear wall 2.4, and an automatic sunshade layer 1.3 is installed on the upper part of the ground shed front wall 2.5 and the ground shed rear wall 2.4. The automatic sunshade layer 1.3 is provided with a motor installed on the ground shed rear wall 2.4, and the drive shaft of the motor is connected to a reel, and the reel is connected to the sunshade layer. Guide rails are installed on the top of the two side walls of the ground shed 1, and sliders on both sides of the sunshade layer move along the guide rails to realize the motor-controlled lifting of the sunshade layer. The top of the sunshade layer is covered with glass or plastic cloth to block rain, and the upper part of the glass or plastic cloth is covered with a sunshade net to block shade.

[0028] A water spray cooling device 1.5 is installed on the inner side of the side wall of one side of the ground shed 1. The water spray cooling device 1.5 is provided with a water spray pump 1.5.1 installed on the side wall. A condenser 1.5.2 is installed on the water spray pump 1.5.1 for cooling the water in the water spray pump 1.5.1. The lower part of the water spray pump 1.5.1 is connected to an upper water pipe 1.5.5. The lower part of the upper water pipe 1.5.5 passes through the matrix layer 2.1 and extends into the water storage layer 2.2. The upper part of the water spray pump 1.5.1 is connected to a water spray pipe 1.5.3. The water spray pipe 1.5.3 is distributed in the ground shed 1. A plurality of water spray ports 1.5.4 are provided on the water spray pipe 1.5.3. The water spray pipe 1.5.3 is distributed throughout the ground shed 1 to achieve humidification and cooling in the shed. The water spray cooling device 1.5 enables humidification and cooling to be completed together, or individually, to achieve equipment integration and avoid waste of resources.

[0029] A fogging and heating device 1.6 is provided on the inner side of the ground shed 1. The fogging and heating device 1.6 is provided with a fogging water pump 1.6.1 which is installed on the inner wall. A spray heater 1.6.2 is installed on the fogging water pump 1.6.1 for heating the spray water. A fog outlet 1.6.3 is provided at the front end of the spray heater 1.6.2. An upper water pipe 1.6.4 is installed at the lower part of the fogging water pump 1.6.1. The lower part of the upper water pipe 1.6.4 passes through the matrix layer 2.1 and extends into the water storage layer 2.2. The fogging and heating device 1.6 allows heating and humidification to be carried out simultaneously, or only heats and dries. Atomization makes the temperature rise more uniform, thus avoiding the problem of uneven plant growth.

[0030] The ground shed 1 is equipped with a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors 1.7.2 and light sensors provided by the collection control device 1.7, which are used to collect the temperature, humidity and light in the ground shed 1. The temperature and humidity sensors 1.7.2 and the light sensors are electrically connected to the PLC controller provided in the collection control box 1.7.1. A plurality of temperature and humidity sensors 1.7.2 are also inserted in the matrix layer 2.1, and a plurality of searchlights 1.7.3 are installed in the ground shed 1 to supplement light for Dendrobium officinale. The collection control box 1.7.1 is equipped with a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to the water spray pump 1.5.1, the fog pump 1.6.1, the condenser 1.5.2, the spray heater 1.6.2, the searchlight 1.7.3, the temperature and humidity sensor 1.7.2, the motor and the light sensor, and controls the switches of the above-mentioned devices according to the set values, so as to realize the automatic collection of the temperature, humidity and light in the shed and control the switches of the corresponding devices, and realize intelligent planting.

[0031] An access door is provided on the side wall of the above-ground shed 1 for entering and exiting the above-ground shed 1, and a ramp leading to the underground shed 2 is provided on the side of the access door. The ramp leads to the water storage layer 2.2, and the ramp forms a flat road at the water storage layer. The flat road is 0.6 meters wide and is used to facilitate access and maintenance of the lower part of the matrix layer 2.1 and the equipment in the water storage layer 2.2. A ventilation window 1.4 is provided on the side wall of the above-ground shed 1 for ventilation of the Dendrobium officinale in the above-ground shed 1. The rear wall 2.4 of the underground shed and the front wall 2.5 of the underground shed are both 1.5 meters high, the rear wall 1.1 of the above-ground shed is 0.8 meters high, and the front wall 1.2 of the above-ground shed is 0.5 meters high, with ventilation ports, and the width can be flexibly set according to the terrain. The width of the water storage layer 2.2 is not more than 2 meters, and a 0.6-meter-wide operating walkway is left between the water storage layers.

[0032] A cultivation method of a semi-cellar type cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:

[0033] 1) Planting Dendrobium officinale on the ridges of the substrate layer 2.1, collecting the temperature, humidity and light in the ground shed through the temperature and humidity sensor 1.7.2 and the light sensor, collecting the water level in the water storage layer 2.2 through the liquid level sensor, and transmitting the collected information to the PLC controller, which uploads it to the control system;

[0034] 2) The temperature, humidity and light intensity values ​​required by Dendrobium officinale are set in the control system. The temperature setting range of the air in the ground shed 1 is 18°C-30°C, the temperature in the substrate layer 2.1 is set to 12°C-25°C, the humidity in the air in the ground shed 1 is set to 90%RH during the seedling stage in the first 7 days of planting, and is set to 70%RH-80%RH during the growth stage after 7 days, and the humidity in the substrate layer 2.1 is set to 60%RH-70%RH, and the substrate layer 2.1 does not drip water into the water storage layer 2.2;

[0035] 3) During the first 7 days of planting, the light intensity of the seedling stage of Dendrobium officinale is controlled at 10000 Lux-13000 Lux, with a shading rate of 70%. After 7 days, the light intensity during the growth period is controlled at 15000 Lux, with a shading rate of 50%-70%;

[0036] 4) The information collected by the PLC controller is compared with the set value, and the switches of the water spray pump 1.5.1, the fog pump 1.6.1, the condenser 1.5.2 and the spray heater 1.6.2 are controlled to adjust the temperature and humidity, and the searchlight 1.7.3 and the motor switch are controlled to adjust the light intensity and the shading rate;

[0037] 5) Monitor the liquid level of the liquid level sensor and control the liquid level at 50%-60% of the water storage layer height. When the liquid level is low, water is injected through the water supply pipe 1.5.5 or the water supply pipe 2 1.6.4 connected to the water injection pipe. When the liquid level is high, water is discharged through the water supply pipe 1.5.5 or the water supply pipe 2 1.6.4 connected to an external water pump.

[0038] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation modes, and anyone should be aware of the structural changes made under the enlightenment of the present invention, and all those having the same or similar technical solutions as the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known techniques.

Claims

1. A semi-cellar cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a ground, an underground shed installed below the ground, and an above-ground shed above the ground, wherein the underground shed is provided with a front wall of the underground shed in the front part and a rear wall of the underground shed in the rear part, a foundation layer is provided at the lower part between the front wall of the underground shed and the rear wall of the underground shed, a water storage layer is provided at the upper part of the foundation layer, a matrix layer is provided at the upper part of the water storage layer for planting Dendrobium officinale, the tops of the front wall of the underground shed and the rear wall of the underground shed are respectively connected with the front wall of the above-ground shed and the rear wall of the above-ground shed, an automatic sunshade layer is installed at the upper part of the front wall of the above-ground shed and the rear wall of the above-ground shed, a water spray cooling device is installed at the inner side of the side wall on one side of the above-ground shed, a water spray pump provided in the water spray cooling device is installed on the side wall, a condenser is installed on the water spray pump for cooling water in the water spray pump, an upper water pipe is connected at the lower part of the water spray pump, a lower part of the upper water pipe passes through the matrix layer and extends into the water storage layer, a water spray pipe is connected at the upper part of the water spray pump, the water spray pipes are distributed in the above-ground shed, and a plurality of water spray ports are provided on the water spray pipes; A fogging and heating device is provided on the inner side of the ground shed. A fogging water pump provided in the fogging and heating device is installed on the inner wall. A spray heater is installed on the fogging water pump for heating the spray water. A fog outlet is provided at the front end of the spray heater. An upper water pipe 2 is installed at the lower part of the fogging water pump. The lower part of the upper water pipe 2 passes through the matrix layer and extends into the water storage layer. A number of foundation piles are provided in the water storage layer for supporting the matrix layer in cooperation with the front wall and the rear wall of the underground shed. A liquid level sensor is provided in the water storage layer for monitoring the water level of the water storage layer. A number of temperature and humidity sensors are inserted in the matrix layer, and a number of searchlights are installed in the ground shed for supplementary lighting of the Dendrobium officinale. The substrate layer is paved with stones and humus, and the upper part of the substrate layer is in the shape of a ridge and is provided with a drainage ditch, so that the excess water in the upper part flows into the water storage layer, forming a water recycling system; A plurality of temperature and humidity sensors and light sensors provided with a collection control device are installed in the ground shed for collecting the temperature, humidity and light in the ground shed. The temperature and humidity sensors and light sensors are electrically connected to the collection control box.

2. The semi-cellar type cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: A PLC controller is installed in the collection control box, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to a water spray pump, a fog pump, a condenser, a spray heater, a searchlight, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a light sensor.

3. The semi-cellar type cultivation device of Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side walls of the above-ground shed are provided with ventilation windows for ventilation of the above-ground shed.

4. The semi-cellar type cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor provided for the automatic sunshade layer is installed on the rear wall of the ground shed, the transmission shaft of the motor is connected with a drum, the drum is connected with the sunshade layer, and guide rails are installed on the tops of the two side walls of the ground shed for sliding blocks on both sides of the sunshade layer to move along the guide rails.

5. The cultivation method of the semi-cellar type cultivation device of Dendrobium officinale according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Plant Dendrobium officinale on the ridges of the substrate layer, collect the temperature, humidity and light in the ground shed through temperature and humidity sensors and light sensors, collect the water level in the water storage layer through liquid level sensors, and transmit the collected information to the PLC controller, which uploads it to the control system; 2) The temperature, humidity and light intensity values ​​required by Dendrobium officinale are set in the control system. The temperature setting range of the air in the ground shed is 18℃-30℃, the temperature in the substrate layer is set to 12℃-25℃, the humidity in the air in the ground shed is set to 90%RH during the seedling stage in the first 7 days of planting, and 70%RH-80%RH during the growth period after 7 days. The humidity in the substrate layer is set to 60%RH-70%RH, and the substrate layer does not drip water into the water storage layer; 3) During the first 7 days of Dendrobium officinale seedling stage, the light intensity is controlled at 10000 Lux-13000 Lux, with a shading rate of 70%. After 7 days, during the growth stage, the light intensity is controlled at 15000 Lux, with a shading rate of 50%-70%. 4) The PLC controller compares the information collected with the set value, controls the switches of the water spray pump, fog pump, condenser and spray heater, adjusts the temperature and humidity, controls the searchlight and motor switches, and adjusts the light intensity and shading rate; 5) Monitor the liquid level of the liquid level sensor and control the liquid level at 50%-60% of the water storage layer height. When the liquid level is low, water is injected through the water supply pipe 1 or 2 connected to the water injection pipe. When the liquid level is high, water is discharged through the water supply pipe 1 or 2 connected to an external water pump.

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