Hybrid drive system and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a hybrid power drive system, including an engine, a first shaft, a planetary gear, a first clutch, a second clutch, a brake device, a generator, a second shaft, a brake, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a third shaft, a drive motor, a fourth shaft, a fourth gear and a differential. The hybrid power drive system has a relatively simple structure, has multiple working modes, and is well platformized. The present invention also provides a vehicle having the hybrid power drive system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a hybrid power drive system and a vehicle having the hybrid power drive system. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are two main types of transmissions on the market: stepped transmissions and continuously variable transmissions. Stepped transmissions are further divided into manual and automatic transmissions. Most of them provide a limited number of discrete output-input speed ratios through different meshing arrangements of gear trains or planetary gear trains, and the adjustment of the drive wheel speed between two adjacent speed ratios depends on the speed change of the internal combustion engine. Continuously variable transmissions, whether mechanical, hydraulic or electromechanical, can provide an unlimited number of continuously selectable speed ratios within a certain speed range. In theory, the speed change of the drive wheel can be completely completed through the transmission, so that the internal combustion engine can work within the optimal speed range as much as possible. Compared with stepped transmissions, continuously variable transmissions have many advantages such as smooth speed regulation and the ability to fully utilize the maximum power of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, continuously variable transmissions have been the subject of research by engineers from various countries for many years.

[0003] In recent years, the birth of electric motor hybrid technology has opened up new ways to achieve a complete match between the power of the internal combustion engine and the power wheels. Among the many powertrain design schemes, the most representative are the series hybrid system and the parallel hybrid system. In the series hybrid system, the internal combustion engine, generator, motor, shaft system, and drive wheel form a series power chain, and the powertrain structure is extremely simple. Among them, the combination of generator and motor can be regarded as a transmission in the traditional sense. When used in conjunction with energy storage devices such as batteries and capacitors, the transmission can also be used as an energy regulation device to complete the independent regulation of speed and torque.

[0004] The parallel hybrid system has two parallel independent power chains. One consists of a traditional mechanical transmission, and the other consists of a motor and battery system. The mechanical transmission is responsible for speed regulation, while the motor and battery system regulate power or torque. In order to fully tap the potential of the entire system, the mechanical transmission also needs to adopt a continuously variable transmission method.

[0005] The advantages of the series hybrid system are simple structure and flexible layout, but all the power passes through the generator and the motor, so the motor has high power requirements, large size and heavy weight. At the same time, because the energy transmission process undergoes two electromechanical and motor conversions, the efficiency of the entire system is low. In the parallel hybrid system, only part of the power passes through the motor system, so the power requirement for the motor is relatively low and the overall system efficiency is high. However, the parallel hybrid system requires two independent subsystems, which is expensive and is usually only used in weak hybrid systems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a hybrid power drive system, which has a simple structure, multiple working modes and good platformization.

[0007] The present invention provides a hybrid power drive system, comprising an engine, a first shaft, a planetary gear, a first clutch, a second clutch, a brake device, a generator, a second shaft, a brake, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a third shaft, a drive motor, a fourth shaft, a fourth gear and a differential; wherein:

[0008] The engine is connected to the first shaft, the generator is connected to the second shaft, and the drive motor is connected to the fourth shaft;

[0009] The first shaft is coaxially arranged with the second shaft, the engine and the generator are connected via the planetary gear, the planetary gear comprises a planet carrier, a sun gear, a planetary gear and a ring gear, the planet carrier is fixed to the first shaft, and the sun gear is fixed to the second shaft;

[0010] The first gear is loosely mounted on the first shaft, the second gear is fixed on the third shaft, and the second gear is meshed with the first gear;

[0011] The third gear is fixed to the third shaft, the fourth gear is fixed to the fourth shaft, one of the fourth gear and the differential is meshed with the second gear, and the other is meshed with the third gear;

[0012] The braking device is used for braking the planet carrier, the brake is used for braking the sun gear, the first clutch is used for combining the planet carrier with the ring gear, and the second clutch is used for combining the first gear with the ring gear.

[0013] Further, the fourth gear is meshed with the second gear, and the differential is meshed with the third gear.

[0014] Further, the differential is meshed with the second gear, and the fourth gear is meshed with the third gear.

[0015] Further, the braking device is a one-way clutch, and the one-way clutch is installed on the first shaft.

[0016] Further, the braking device is a brake.

[0017] Furthermore, the first shaft is the output shaft of the engine, the second shaft is the output shaft of the generator, and the fourth shaft is the output shaft of the drive motor.

[0018] Furthermore, the hybrid power drive system also includes a power battery, which is electrically connected to the generator and the drive motor respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the hybrid drive system has a single-motor pure electric mode, a dual-motor pure electric mode, an ECVT drive mode, a two-gear engine direct drive mode, and a series extended-range mode.

[0020] The present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising the hybrid power drive system mentioned above.

[0021] The hybrid power drive system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The overall structure of the drive system is relatively simple, and it can realize single-motor pure electric mode, dual-motor pure electric mode, ECVT drive mode, two-gear engine direct drive mode, series extended range mode, as well as parking power generation, brake energy recovery and other working modes, with strong flexibility;

[0023] 2. The engine and generator of the drive system are connected through a planetary gear, the speed ratio is adjustable, the speed ratio range is large, and the size of the generator can be reduced;

[0024] 3. During the switching process of each mode, the drive motor participates in the driving and there is no power interruption;

[0025] 4. The drive system can cover HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) and PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) models, with good platformization;

[0026] 5. The engine speed of this drive system is not limited by the maximum relative speed of the clutch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hybrid power drive system in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in single-motor pure electric mode.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in dual-motor pure electric mode.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the drive system working in ECVT mode.

[0031] Figure 5-Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in engine direct drive mode.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in series extended-range mode.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in the parking power generation mode.

[0034] Fig. 9 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid power drive system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.10 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid power drive system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] First embodiment

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hybrid power drive system in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the hybrid drive system of this embodiment includes an engine 1, a first shaft 2, a planetary gear, a first clutch 7, a second clutch 8, a brake device 9, a generator 10, a second shaft 11, a brake 12, a first gear 13, a second gear 14, a third gear 15, a third shaft 16, a drive motor 17, a fourth shaft 18, a fourth gear 19 and a differential 20. The planetary gear includes a planet carrier 3, a sun gear 4, a planetary gear 5 and a ring gear 6.

[0039] The engine 1 is connected to the first shaft 2, the generator 10 is connected to the second shaft 11, and the drive motor 17 is connected to the fourth shaft 18. Specifically, the first shaft 2 is the output shaft of the engine 1, the second shaft 11 is the output shaft of the generator 10, and the fourth shaft 18 is the output shaft of the drive motor 17. The engine 1 can be a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, and the generator 10 and the drive motor 17 can be a drive and generator integrated machine.

[0040] The first shaft 2 is coaxially arranged with the second shaft 11 , the engine 1 is connected with the generator 10 via a planetary gear, and the drive motor 17 is coupled to the power output of the engine 1 and the generator 10 via a fixed axis gear.

[0041] Specifically, the planet carrier 3 is fixed to the first shaft 2, so that the engine 1 is connected to the planet carrier 3. The sun gear 4 is fixed to the second shaft 11, so that the generator 10 is connected to the sun gear 4.

[0042] The first gear 13 is loosely mounted on the first shaft 2 , the second gear 14 is fixed on the third shaft 16 , and the second gear 14 is meshed with the first gear 13 .

[0043] The third gear 15 is fixed to the third shaft 16 , and the fourth gear 19 is fixed to the fourth shaft 18 . In this embodiment, the fourth gear 19 is meshed with the second gear 14 , and the differential 20 is meshed with the third gear 15 .

[0044] The driving system includes a braking device 9 , a brake 12 , a first clutch 7 and a second clutch 8 .

[0045] The braking device 9 is used to brake the planet carrier 3 of the planetary gear. When the braking device 9 brakes the planet carrier 3, the planet carrier 3 is braked and cannot rotate.

[0046] The brake 12 is used to brake the sun gear 4 of the planetary gear. When the brake 12 brakes the sun gear 4, the sun gear 4 is braked and cannot rotate.

[0047] The first clutch 7 is used to combine the planet carrier 3 and the ring gear 6. When the first clutch 7 is engaged, the planet carrier 3 and the ring gear 6 are locked together, and the entire planetary gear rotates as a whole, and the speed ratio is 1.

[0048] The second clutch 8 is for combining the first gear 13 with the ring gear 6. When the second clutch 8 is combined, the first gear 13 and the ring gear 6 are locked together, and the power of the engine 1 and the generator 10 can be output to the wheel end through the first gear 13.

[0049] In this embodiment, the braking device 9 is specifically a one-way clutch, which is installed on the first shaft 2. When the engine 1 is working and drives the first shaft 2 to rotate in the forward direction, the one-way clutch does not brake the first shaft 2 (i.e., does not work); however, when the engine 1 is not working and the first shaft 2 is driven to rotate in the reverse direction, the one-way clutch works and brakes the first shaft 2.

[0050] Furthermore, the hybrid drive system further includes a power battery (not shown), which is electrically connected to the generator 10 and the drive motor 17. The power battery can provide driving electric energy for the generator 10 and the drive motor 17, and the electric energy generated when the generator 10 and the drive motor 17 are driven to rotate can also be stored in the power battery.

[0051] The drive system mainly includes an engine 1, a generator 10, a drive motor 17, two clutches (7, 8), a brake 12, a brake device 9, a planetary gear (3, 4, 5, 6) and a shaft gear system. The drive system can realize a single-motor pure electric mode, a dual-motor pure electric mode, an ECVT drive mode, a two-gear engine direct drive mode, a series range-extending mode, and multiple working modes such as parking power generation and brake energy recovery.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive system working in single-motor pure electric mode. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive system working in the dual-motor pure electric mode. When the battery is fully charged, the vehicle can run in pure electric mode, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0053] Figure 2 It is a single-motor pure electric mode, at this time, the first clutch 7 and the second clutch 8 are both disconnected, the brake device 9 and the brake 12 are not working, and the engine 1 and the generator 10 are not working. The power is transmitted from the drive motor 17 through the fourth shaft 18 and the fourth gear 19 to the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, the differential 20, and finally to the wheel end.

[0054] Figure 3 It is a dual-motor pure electric mode. At this time, the second clutch 8 is engaged, the first clutch 7 is disconnected, the brake 12 does not work, the brake device 9 brakes the first shaft 2 and the planetary carrier 3, and the engine 1 does not work. There are two paths for power transmission. Path one is from the generator 10 to the first gear 13 through the second shaft 11, the sun gear 4, the planetary gear 5, the ring gear 6, and the second clutch 8, and then to the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, the differential 20, and finally to the wheel end through the first gear 13; Path two is from the drive motor 17 to the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, the differential 20, and finally to the wheel end through the fourth shaft 18 and the fourth gear 19.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive system working in ECVT mode, at which time the second clutch 8 is engaged, the first clutch 7 is disconnected, and the brake device 9 and the brake 12 are not working. In ECVT mode, the power of the engine 1 is divided into two parts through the planetary gear. One part of the engine power drives the generator 10 to generate electricity through the sun gear 4 and the second shaft 11 to charge the power battery, and the other part of the engine power is transmitted to the wheel end through the ring gear 6, the second clutch 8, the first gear 13, the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, and the differential 20 to drive the vehicle. In addition, the power of the drive motor 17 is transmitted to the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, the differential 20, and finally to the wheel end through the fourth shaft 18 and the fourth gear 19.

[0056] Figure 5-Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the drive system operating in engine direct drive mode.

[0057] Figure 5It is a medium-speed engine direct drive mode, at which the first clutch 7 and the second clutch 8 are both engaged, and the brake device 9 and the brake 12 are not working. Since the first clutch 7 locks the planetary carrier 3 and the ring gear 6 together, the entire planetary gear rotates as a whole, and the speed ratio is 1. The engine 1 is transmitted to the wheel end in the form of mechanical power to drive the vehicle, that is, the power is transmitted from the engine 1 to the first gear 13 through the first shaft 2, the planetary gear (3, 4, 5, 6), and the second clutch 8, and then transmitted to the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, the differential 20, and finally to the wheel end. In the medium-speed engine direct drive mode, if the power demanded by the whole vehicle is low, a part of the engine power can be used to drive the drive motor 17 to generate electricity through the fourth gear 19 and the fourth shaft 18, and converted into electric power and stored in the battery; if the power demanded by the whole vehicle is high, the battery is discharged, and the electric power is converted into mechanical power through the drive motor 17 and output to the wheel end to drive the vehicle, that is, the drive motor 17 is transmitted to the wheel end through the fourth shaft 18, the fourth gear 19, the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, and the differential 20. At this time, the engine direct drive mode is transformed into hybrid power mode one.

[0058] Figure 6 It is a high-speed engine direct drive mode. At this time, the second clutch 8 is engaged, the first clutch 7 is disconnected, the brake device 9 does not work, and the brake 12 brakes the second shaft 11 and the sun gear 4. The engine 1 is transmitted to the wheel end in the form of mechanical power to drive the vehicle, that is, the power is transmitted from the engine 1 to the first gear 13 through the first shaft 2, the planetary carrier 3, the planetary gear 5, the ring gear 6, and the second clutch 8, and then transmitted to the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, the differential 20, and finally to the wheel end. In the high-speed engine direct drive mode, if the power required by the whole vehicle is low, part of the engine power can be driven by the fourth gear 19 and the fourth shaft 18 to drive the drive motor 17 to generate electricity, which is converted into electrical power and stored in the battery; if the power required by the whole vehicle is high, the battery is discharged, and the electrical power is converted into mechanical power through the drive motor 17 and output to the wheel end to drive the vehicle, that is, the drive motor 17 is transmitted to the wheel end through the fourth shaft 18, the fourth gear 19, the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, and the differential 20. At this time, the engine direct drive mode is transformed into the hybrid power mode 2.

[0059] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the drive system working in the series range-extending mode. At this time, the first clutch 7 is engaged, the second clutch 8 is disconnected, and the brake device 9 and the brake 12 are not working. Since the first clutch 7 locks the planetary carrier 3 and the ring gear 6 together, the entire planetary gear rotates as a whole, and the speed ratio is 1. There are two paths for power transmission. Path one is from the engine 1 through the first shaft 2, the planetary gear (3, 4, 5, 6), and the second shaft 11 to the generator 10 to generate electricity and charge the power battery; Path two is from the drive motor 17 through the fourth shaft 18 and the fourth gear 19 to the second gear 14, the third shaft 16, the third gear 15, the differential 20, and finally to the wheel end.

[0060] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drive system working in the parking power generation mode. At this time, the first clutch 7 is engaged, the second clutch 8 is disconnected, and the brake device 9 and the brake 12 are not working. Since the first clutch 7 locks the planetary carrier 3 and the ring gear 6 together, the entire planetary gear rotates as a whole, and the speed ratio is 1. The power is transmitted from the engine 1 through the first shaft 2, the planetary gear (3, 4, 5, 6), and the second shaft 11 to the generator 10 to generate electricity and charge the power battery.

[0061] In addition, when the car brakes, the drive motor generates a braking torque to brake the wheels. At the same time, an induced current will be generated in its motor winding to charge the battery, thereby recovering the braking energy.

[0062] The drive system of this embodiment can realize a single-motor pure electric mode, a dual-motor pure electric mode, an ECVT drive mode, an engine direct drive mode with two gears, a series range-extending mode, and multiple working modes such as parking power generation and brake energy recovery. It can automatically switch between different modes according to the SOC (remaining power) value of the power battery and the vehicle speed requirement. For example, the relationship between the power battery SOC value and the first threshold value is judged, or the relationship between the power battery SOC value and the first threshold value and the relationship between the vehicle speed and the second threshold value are judged at the same time; according to the judgment result, the working mode of the hybrid drive system is switched. It should be noted that the first threshold value is used to judge the level of the power battery SOC value, and the second threshold value is used to judge the level of the vehicle speed. This embodiment does not limit the value range of the first threshold value and the second threshold value, which can usually be freely set according to the specific control strategy. Under different control strategies, the values ​​of the first threshold value and the second threshold value are not the same. After setting the first threshold value and the second threshold value, it is automatically judged and automatically switched between various modes according to the judgment result.

[0063] The above working modes are specifically reflected in the table as follows:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] In terms of power regulation, the drive system can effectively supplement the driving power required by the power wheels through the power battery, thereby more reasonably allocating the power of the internal combustion engine, keeping the engine's working state unaffected or less affected by road conditions. The engine can always operate in the set optimal state to improve the efficiency of the entire vehicle.

[0067] Therefore, the drive system has the following advantages:

[0068] 1. The overall structure of the drive system is relatively simple, and it can realize single-motor pure electric mode, dual-motor pure electric mode, ECVT drive mode, two-gear engine direct drive mode, series extended range mode, as well as parking power generation, brake energy recovery and other working modes, with strong flexibility;

[0069] 2. The engine and generator of the drive system are connected through a planetary gear, the speed ratio is adjustable, the speed ratio range is large, and the size of the generator can be reduced;

[0070] 3. During the switching process of each mode, the drive motor participates in the driving, and there is no power interruption;

[0071] 4. The drive system can cover HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) and PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) models, with good platformization;

[0072] 5. The engine speed of this drive system is not limited by the maximum relative speed of the clutch.

[0073] Second embodiment

[0074] Fig. 9 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hybrid power drive system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 As shown, the hybrid drive system of this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, the differential 20 is meshed with the second gear 14 , and the fourth gear 19 is meshed with the third gear 15 .

[0075] Regarding other structures and working modes of this embodiment, please refer to the above-mentioned first embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0076] Third embodiment

[0077] Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hybrid power drive system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10As shown, the hybrid drive system of this embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the only difference is that in this embodiment, the braking device 9 is specifically a brake. In the dual-motor pure electric mode, the engine 1 does not work, but the generator 10 outputs power. At this time, the brake works and brakes the first shaft 2 and the planetary carrier 3, while in other modes, the brake does not work (that is, the first shaft 2 and the planetary carrier 3 are not braked).

[0078] Regarding other structures and working modes of this embodiment, please refer to the above-mentioned first embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0079] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising the above hybrid power drive system.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid power drive system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an engine (1), a first shaft (2), a planetary gear, a first clutch (7), a second clutch (8), a brake device (9), a generator (10), a second shaft (11), a brake (12), a first gear (13), a second gear (14), a third gear (15), a third shaft (16), a drive motor (17), a fourth shaft (18), a fourth gear (19) and a differential (20); wherein: The engine (1) is connected to the first shaft (2), the generator (10) is connected to the second shaft (11), and the drive motor (17) is connected to the fourth shaft (18); The first shaft (2) and the second shaft (11) are coaxially arranged, the engine (1) and the generator (10) are connected via the planetary gear, the planetary gear comprises a planet carrier (3), a sun gear (4), a planetary gear (5) and a ring gear (6), the planet carrier (3) is fixed to the first shaft (2), and the sun gear (4) is fixed to the second shaft (11); The first gear (13) is loosely mounted on the first shaft (2), the second gear (14) is fixed on the third shaft (16), and the second gear (14) is meshed with the first gear (13); The third gear (15) is fixed to the third shaft (16), the fourth gear (19) is fixed to the fourth shaft (18), one of the fourth gear (19) and the differential (20) is meshed with the second gear (14), and the other is meshed with the third gear (15); The braking device (9) is used to brake the planet carrier (3), the brake (12) is used to brake the sun gear (4), the first clutch (7) is used to combine the planet carrier (3) and the ring gear (6), and the second clutch (8) is used to combine the first gear (13) and the ring gear (6); The hybrid drive system has single-motor pure electric mode, dual-motor pure electric mode, and ECVT drive mode; In the single-motor pure electric mode, the first clutch (7) and the second clutch (8) are both disconnected, the brake device (9) and the brake (12) are both inoperative, and the engine (1) and the generator (10) are both inoperative; In the dual-motor pure electric mode, the second clutch (8) is engaged, the first clutch (7) is disconnected, the brake (12) does not work, the brake device (9) brakes the first shaft (2) and the planetary carrier (3), and the engine (1) does not work; In the ECVT mode, the second clutch (8) is engaged, the first clutch (7) is disconnected, and the brake device (9) and the brake (12) are not in operation; In the engine direct drive mode, the first clutch (7) and the second clutch (8) are both engaged, and the brake device (9) and the brake (12) are both inoperative.

2. The hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth gear (19) meshes with the second gear (14), and the differential (20) meshes with the third gear (15).

3. The hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential (20) is meshed with the second gear (14), and the fourth gear (19) is meshed with the third gear (15).

4. The hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking device (9) is a one-way clutch which is mounted on the first shaft (2).

5. The hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking device (9) is a brake.

6. The hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shaft (2) is the output shaft of the engine (1), the second shaft (11) is the output shaft of the generator (10), and the fourth shaft (18) is the output shaft of the drive motor (17).

7. The hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hybrid power drive system also includes a power battery, which is electrically connected to the generator (10) and the drive motor (17) respectively.

8. The hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hybrid drive system also features a two-speed engine direct drive mode and a series range-extended mode.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a hybrid drive system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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