A microwave treatment device capable of uniformly lysing solid waste

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of microwave devices, and refers to a microwave treatment device capable of uniformly cracking solid waste, which solves the problems of uneven microwave distribution and serious mutual coupling in the prior art. The present invention is arranged on the outer wall of a rectangular reaction chamber and includes a connected microwave source and a waveguide. The waveguide has a rectangular waveguide body with a wide side and a narrow side, and the wide side or the narrow side of the waveguide body is a bent surface. The present invention effectively solves the problem of gradual change of wave impedance through a microwave treatment device capable of uniformly cracking solid waste, and at the same time greatly reduces microwave reflection; by arranging a single-sided bent waveguide on the reaction chamber wall, while increasing the microwave power, the distribution uniformity of microwave in the chamber is greatly increased, and the microwave utilization efficiency is improved; by arranging single-sided bent waveguides facing each other, the mutual coupling is greatly reduced, the temperature of the microwave source is effectively reduced, and the service life of the microwave source is extended.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microwave cracking, and particularly to a microwave treatment device capable of uniformly cracking solid waste. Background Art

[0002] In the industrial application of microwaves, it is often necessary to consider the efficiency and uniformity of microwave heating. In the application of microwave cracking, the material to be cracked is usually hermetically arranged in a cracking cavity. Microwaves pass through a waveguide and are then fed into the cracking cavity through a quartz window provided on the wall of the cracking cavity; the way of feeding microwaves greatly affects the cracking efficiency and the processing capacity.

[0003] The propagation of microwaves in a waveguide will affect their distribution and reflection in various geometric cavities, as well as the absorption efficiency of microwaves.

[0004] Direct connection between the waveguide and the cavity will cause microwaves to be unable or difficult to pass through the impedance mismatch interface due to the too large impedance difference between the two; to solve this problem, a horn-shaped structure is generally used to act as a bridge between the two, so that the impedance encountered by microwaves during propagation in this structure gradually changes from the impedance in the waveguide to the impedance in the cavity, and then basically completely enters the cavity. For example, there will be a quadrilateral between a bj22 rectangular waveguide and a cuboid cavity, with each side extending outward to form a horn-shaped structure. This horn-shaped structure makes it easy for microwaves to enter the cavity and makes the distribution of microwaves in the cavity more uniform, but at the same time, the microwaves in the cavity are easily returned to the waveguide, thus damaging the microwave source; in the case of feeding microwaves into the same cavity from multiple waveguides at multiple ports simultaneously, microwaves are easily introduced into each other's waveguides, resulting in mutual coupling.

[0005] There is an urgent need for a new type of device for microwave cracking of solid waste that can solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] A microwave treatment device capable of uniformly cracking solid waste proposed by the present invention solves the problems of uneven microwave distribution and serious mutual coupling in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: A microwave treatment device capable of uniformly cracking solid waste includes a microwave generating device, a solid waste conveying device, and also includes a hollow cylindrical cracking cavity provided with a feed port and a discharge port, and a microcontroller for controlling the feed port and the discharge port; the microwave generating device is arranged at the quartz window on the top of the cylinder through a waveguide; the feed port and the discharge port include openable and closable sealing valves, and the feed port and the discharge port are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the cracking cavity; the sealing valves are connected to the microcontroller; the solid waste conveying device is connected to the feed port through the sealing valve.

[0008] Further, the waveguide includes a rectangular waveguide body having a wide surface and a narrow surface, and the wide side or the narrow side of the waveguide body is a bent surface.

[0009] Preferably, the angle between the bent surface and the waveguide is 103°-114°.

[0010] Further, the waveguides are uniformly distributed in a circular shape on the top of the cracking chamber; the distance between the waveguide and the center of the top circle is not less than 0.308 m.

[0011] Further, the microcontroller is connected to the solid waste transfer device and the microwave generating device; the microcontroller includes an hour hand unit for controlling the cracking time; a control unit for controlling the solid waste transfer device, the microwave generating device and the closed valve.

[0012] Further, a gas outlet for connecting a gas treatment device is further provided on the top of the cracking chamber.

[0013] Further, a stirring device is arranged in the cracking chamber, and the stirring device is connected to the microcontroller.

[0014] Further, the bottom of the cracking chamber is funnel-shaped;

[0015] A microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste disclosed by the present invention has a simple structure and high treatment efficiency. Through the waveguide array, the effects of low-coupling high-power synthesis and uniform distribution of the microwave field in the cavity can be achieved; by uniformly arranging the single-sided bent waveguides on the top of the cracking chamber, the problem of gradual change of wave impedance is effectively solved, and at the same time, microwave reflection is greatly reduced; by arranging the single-sided bent waveguides on the reaction chamber wall, while increasing the microwave power, the distribution uniformity of the microwave in the cavity is greatly increased, and the microwave utilization efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 : Structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 : Structural schematic diagram of the single-sided bent waveguide;

[0019] Wherein: 1. Waveguide body; 2. Bent surface; 3. Feed inlet; 4. Discharge outlet; 5. Cracking chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] A microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste disclosed by the present invention includes a microwave generating device and a solid waste conveying device, and further includes a hollow cylindrical cracking cavity 5 provided with a feed port 3 and a discharge port 4, and a microcontroller for controlling the feed port 3 and the discharge port 4; the microwave generating device is arranged on the quartz window at the top of the cylinder through a waveguide; the feed port 3 and the discharge port 4 include openable and closable airtight valves, and the feed port 3 and the discharge port 4 are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the cracking cavity 5; the airtight valves are connected to the microcontroller; the solid waste conveying device is connected to the feed port 3 through the airtight valve.

[0022] Further, the waveguide includes a rectangular waveguide body 1 having a wide surface and a narrow surface, and the wide side or the narrow surface of the waveguide body 1 is a bent surface 2.

[0023] Preferably, the angle between the bent surface 2 and the waveguide is 103° - 114°, and with the change of the bending angle, the reflection parameter changes between -15db - -18db - -15db.

[0024] Further, the waveguides are uniformly distributed in a circular shape on the top of the cracking cavity 5; the distance between the waveguide and the center of the top circle is not less than 0.308m; when the bent surface 2 faces inward, the reflection of each port is below -14db; when the bent surface 2 faces outward, the reflection of each port is below -16db; the density of the waveguides does not affect the port reflection.

[0025] Further, the microcontroller is connected to the solid waste conveying device and the microwave generating device; the microcontroller includes an hour hand unit for controlling the cracking time; a control unit for controlling the solid waste conveying device, the microwave generating device and the airtight valve.

[0026] Further, a gas outlet for connecting a gas treatment device is also arranged on the top of the cracking cavity 5.

[0027] Further, a stirring device is arranged in the cracking cavity 5, and the stirring device is connected to the microcontroller.

[0028] Further, the bottom of the cracking cavity 5 is funnel-shaped, which is convenient for the cracked solid waste to be discharged from the discharge port 4.

[0029] During use, the waveguide with a single-sided bend is respectively connected to the microwave source and the cylindrical cracking chamber 5. The microcontroller controls the opening of the solid waste conveying device and the closed valve connected to the feed port 3, and the solid waste is conveyed to the cracking chamber 5. The microcontroller controls the solid waste conveying device to stop operating and ensures that the closed valves of the feed port 3 and the discharge port 4 are closed. Nitrogen is filled into the cracking chamber 5 to remove oxygen. At the same time, the microwave generating device is turned on, and the microcontroller controls the cracking time through the timing unit to ensure that the solid waste is completely cracked. Then, it controls the opening of the closed valve connected to the discharge port 4 to output the cracked solid waste.

[0030] Then, it controls the closed valve connected to the discharge port 4 to close, turns on the solid waste conveying device and the closed valve connected to the feed port 3, and conducts the second cracking of the solid waste.

[0031] During the cracking process, the microwave enters the cavity through the waveguide with the bending surface 2, with low reflection. And due to the setting direction of the waveguide, the mutual coupling between waveguides is greatly reduced. In the industry, if the reflection or mutual coupling is less than -12 dB, it is excellent; if it is greater than -12 dB, it is basically unusable.

[0032] In the case of the material dielectric constant of 4 - 0.3*j, the reflection conditions of each port are as follows in the table. It can be seen that the mutual coupling between each waveguide is small, the microwave absorption rate is high, and the heating uniformity is high.

[0033] Table of reflection parameters of each port

[0034]

[0035] A microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste disclosed by the present invention, through a microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste, has a simple structure and high treatment efficiency. Through the waveguide array, the effects of low-coupling high-power synthesis and uniform distribution of the microwave field in the cavity can be achieved. By uniformly arranging the waveguide with a single-sided bend on the top of the cracking chamber 5, the problem of gradual change of wave impedance is effectively solved, and at the same time, microwave reflection is greatly reduced. By arranging the single-sided bend waveguide on the reaction chamber wall, while increasing the microwave power, the distribution uniformity of the microwave in the cavity is greatly increased, and the microwave utilization efficiency is improved.

[0036] Certainly, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art should be able to make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste, comprising a microwave generating device and a solid waste conveying device, characterized in that: it further comprises a hollow cylindrical cracking chamber provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a microcontroller for controlling the feed inlet and the discharge outlet; the microwave generating device is arranged on the quartz window at the top of the cylinder through a waveguide; the feed inlet and the discharge outlet include closable and airtight valves, and the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the cracking chamber; the airtight valves are connected to the microcontroller; the solid waste conveying device is connected to the feed inlet through the airtight valve; the waveguide comprises a rectangular waveguide body having a wide surface and a narrow surface, and the wide surface or the narrow surface of the waveguide body is a bent surface; the angle between the bent surface and the waveguide is 103°-114°.

2. A microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waveguides are uniformly distributed in a circle at the top of the cracking chamber; the distance from the waveguides to the center of the top circle is not less than 0.308 m.

3. A microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: the microcontroller is connected to the solid waste conveying device and the microwave generating device; the microcontroller comprises an hour hand unit for controlling the cracking time; the microcontroller further comprises a control unit for controlling the solid waste conveying device, the microwave generating device and the airtight valve.

4. A microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: a gas outlet for connecting a gas treatment device is further arranged at the top of the cracking chamber.

5. A microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: a stirring device is arranged in the cracking chamber, and the stirring device is connected to the microcontroller.

6. A microwave treatment device for uniformly cracking solid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: the bottom of the cracking chamber is funnel-shaped.

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