Rear fender forming method, drawing die, rear fender and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle parts, and in particular to a rear fender forming method, a drawing die, a rear fender and a vehicle. The rear fender forming method comprises: blanking a plate blank; drawing the blanked plate blank to form a plate having a rear fender profile, wherein the plate having the rear fender profile has a first portion forming a lower flange of the rear fender and a second portion coplanarly extending outward from the first portion to form a free end; and finally forming the plate having the rear fender profile to form a rear fender, wherein the second portion is cut off so that the first portion forms the lower flange of the rear fender. The forming method can reduce the scrap rate, increase the material utilization rate of the plate blank, and thus reduce the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle parts, and in particular to a forming method of a rear fender, a drawing die, a rear fender and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Recently, as people have higher and higher requirements for the appearance and performance of cars, the rear fender located outside the wheel not only directly forms the appearance of the car body, but also affects the fluid mechanics and wind resistance coefficient of the air during the car's driving, thereby directly affecting the stability of the car during driving. Therefore, rear fenders with various shapes are designed and developed to simultaneously meet the requirements of streamline and artistic appearance of the outer surface of the rear fender. However, rear fenders with complex and varied shapes will cause difficulties in the molding process of the rear fenders.

[0003] At present, the rear fender forming process mostly adopts closed drawing process, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The part marked by the middle circle will be cut off as waste during the rear fender forming process. Closed drawing will form a "Z"-shaped waste at the lower flange position of the formed rear fender, which will increase the waste rate, reduce the material utilization rate of the slab, and thus increase the cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a rear fender forming method that can reduce the scrap rate, increase the material utilization rate of the slab and thus reduce the cost, so as to solve the problem of high scrap rate and low material utilization rate of the slab in the prior art, which leads to high cost.

[0006] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a drawing die that can reduce the scrap rate in the rear fender forming process, increase the material utilization rate of the slab and thus reduce the cost, so as to be used in the drawing process in the rear fender forming process, so as to solve the problem of high scrap rate and low material utilization rate of the slab in the prior art, thereby leading to high cost.

[0007] The third object of the present invention is to provide a rear fender formed by a forming method that can reduce the scrap rate, increase the material utilization rate of the slab and thus reduce the cost, so as to solve the problem of high scrap rate and low material utilization rate of the slab in the prior art, resulting in high cost.

[0008] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle including a rear fender formed by a molding method that can reduce the scrap rate, increase the material utilization rate of the slab and thus reduce the cost, so as to solve the problem of high scrap rate and low material utilization rate of the slab in the prior art, resulting in high cost.

[0009] (II) Technical solution

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, the present invention provides a rear fender forming method, comprising: blanking a plate blank; drawing the blanked plate blank to form a plate having a rear fender profile, wherein the plate having the rear fender profile has a first portion forming a lower flange of the rear fender and a second portion coplanarly extending outward from the first portion to form a free end; and finally forming the plate having the rear fender profile to form a rear fender, wherein the second portion is sheared off so that the first portion forms the lower flange of the rear fender.

[0011] According to the preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the plate having the rear fender contour is finally formed into the rear fender, which includes: shaping and trimming the plate having the rear fender contour; trimming, shaping and flanging the shaped and trimmed plate; and trimming and flanging the trimmed, shaped and flanging plate.

[0012] Another aspect of the present invention provides a drawing die, which is used to draw a blank after blanking to form a plate having a rear fender profile, wherein the plate having the rear fender profile has a first part that forms a lower flange of the rear fender and a second part that continues to extend outward from the first part in the same plane to form a free end, wherein the drawing die includes: an upper die, having an upper pressing plate supported by a first elastic element; and a lower die, having a lower pressing plate supported by a second elastic element, wherein the lower pressing plate and the upper pressing plate cooperate to press at least a portion of the second part.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the drawing die further comprises a die base arranged below the lower die, wherein the second elastic element is fixed on the die base.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the first elastic element and the second elastic element are nitrogen springs.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides a rear fender, which is formed by the above-mentioned forming method.

[0016] Yet another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned rear fender.

[0017] (III) Beneficial effects

[0018] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] The present invention provides a method for forming a rear fender, comprising: blanking a plate blank; drawing the blanked plate blank to form a plate having a rear fender profile, wherein the plate having the rear fender profile has a first portion forming a lower flange of the rear fender and a second portion coplanarly extending outward from the first portion to form a free end; and finally forming the plate having the rear fender profile to form a rear fender, wherein the second portion is sheared off so that the first portion forms the lower flange of the rear fender. Thus, after the drawing process according to the present invention, the second portion to be sheared off as waste is planar and coplanarly extending below the first portion forming the lower flange of the rear fender. Compared with the waste in the prior art with a "Z"-shaped cross section, the forming method according to the present invention will produce less waste during the drawing process, thereby reducing the waste rate, improving the material utilization rate of the plate blank, and thus reducing the cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a plate having a rear fender profile formed by a drawing process according to the prior art;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a sheet material having a rear fender profile along AA;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a plate having a rear fender profile formed by a drawing process according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view along BB of a plate having a rear fender profile;

[0024] Figure 5A-Figure 5B is a drawing die according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6-Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a rear fender forming method according to the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 10, 100: plate with the profile of the rear fender; 30: lower flange; 40: waste material; 300: first part; 400: second part; 500: upper die; 600: lower die; 700: die base; 800: pressure ring; 110: first elastic element; 220: second elastic element; 111: upper pressure plate; 222: lower pressure plate; 501, 601, 801: contact surface; 1001, 1002: plate; 200: rear fender. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a plate having a rear fender profile formed by a drawing process according to the prior art; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section along AA of the sheet with the rear fender profile. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cross-sectional view of the lower part of the rear fender, that is, the cross-sectional view along AA is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the box shows the waste material 40, which will be cut off in the subsequent final forming process of the sheet material having the rear fender profile formed by drawing to form the lower flange 30 of the rear fender. Figure 2 It can be seen that the waste material 40 is in a “Z” shape and has a large area and mass, which results in a high waste rate, low material utilization of the slab, and increased manufacturing costs.

[0029] The present invention provides a rear fender forming method, comprising:

[0030] OP10: blanking the slab;

[0031] OP20: Drawing the blanked sheet to form a sheet 100 having a rear fender profile, wherein the sheet 100 having a rear fender profile comprises a first portion 300 forming a lower flange of the rear fender and a second portion 400 extending outwardly from the first portion 300 in a coplanar manner to form a free end; and

[0032] OP30: shaping and trimming the plate 100 having the rear fender profile to form a plate 1001;

[0033] OP40: trimming, shaping and flanging the sheet 1001 to form the sheet 1002;

[0034] OP50: The sheet material 1002 is trimmed and flanged to form a rear fender 200 .

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a plate having a rear fender profile formed by a drawing process according to the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a cross section along BB of a plate having a rear fender profile; Figure 5A-Figure 5Bis a drawing die according to the present invention, Figure 5A and Figure 5B is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of BB in FIG. Figure 6-Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the rear fender forming method according to the present invention. Figure 3-Figure 10 Describe in detail.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the bottom (the “bottom” in this specification is relative to the 2D plane diagram shown in the accompanying drawings, not relative to the installation position of the rear fender) plane of the sheet 100 with the rear fender profile formed after drawing includes a first portion 300 and a second portion 400, wherein the second portion 400 is cut off after the sheet 100 with the rear fender profile passes through OP30, OP40 and OP50, and the first portion 300 is left to form the lower flange of the rear fender 200. The second portion 400 is also a waste material, which is on the same plane as the first portion 300, i.e., the lower flange, which is different from the prior art. Figure 2 Compared with the waste material 20 shown in the figure, it is in a planar shape, that is, its cross section is in an "I" shape. Therefore, after the sheet is drawn according to the rear fender forming method of the present invention, less waste is formed, thereby reducing the waste rate, improving the material utilization rate of the slab, and reducing the cost.

[0037] Combine the following Figure 5A and Figure 5B The drawing die shown in the figure describes the drawing process in detail. Figure 5A As shown, the drawing die has a lower die 600 and an upper die 500, the upper die 500 is located above the lower die 600, and the upper die 500 and the lower die 600 respectively have contact surfaces 501 and 601 that match each other, and the various contact surfaces 501 and 601 of the upper die 500 and the lower die 600 can apply extrusion force to the plate after the upper die 500 and the lower die 600 are closed, so as to radially draw the plate to form a plate 100 with a rear fender profile. According to the drawing die of an embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a blank holder 800, which is located below the upper die 500 and has a contact surface 801 that matches the contact surface 501 of the upper die 500. When the upper die 500 and the lower die 600 are closed, the upper die 500 is also closed with the blank holder 800, so that the contact surface 501 of the upper die 500 matches the contact surface 801 of the blank holder 800 to apply extrusion force to the plate. The contact surface 801 of the blank holder 800 and the contact surface 601 of the lower die 600 cooperate with the contact surface 501 of the upper die 500 to form a plate 100 having a complete rear fender contour.

[0038] The drawing die according to the present invention further comprises a die base, which is located below the lower die 600 and the blank holder 800 to support and fix the blank holder 800 and the lower die 600.

[0039] According to the drawing die of the embodiment of the present invention, the upper die 500 has an upper blank plate 111 supported by the first elastic element 110, and the lower die 600 has a lower blank plate 222 supported by the second elastic element 220. The lower blank plate 222 and the upper blank plate 111 correspond to each other, and when the upper die 500 and the lower die 600 are closed, the upper blank plate 111 and the lower blank plate 222 contact and press each other to overcome their respective elastic elements, for example, the lower blank plate 222 will press the upper blank plate 111, thereby overcoming the elastic force of the first elastic element 110, so that the upper blank plate 111 is pressed upward, and similarly, the upper blank plate 111 will press the lower blank plate 222, thereby overcoming the elastic force of the second elastic element 220, so that the lower blank plate 222 is pressed downward.

[0040] The upper pressing plate 111 and the lower pressing plate 222 correspond to at least a portion of the second portion 400. That is, when the upper die 500 and the lower die 600 are closed, the upper pressing plate 111 and the lower pressing plate 222 contact and squeeze each other, and at least a portion of the second portion 400 is pressed between the upper pressing plate 111 and the lower pressing plate 222. This is because the first portion 300 and the second portion 400 of the sheet material 100 having the rear fender profile according to the present invention are on the same plane, and the second portion 400 is a free end, so the second portion 400 at the free end needs to be fixed during drawing to apply force to other portions to form a drawing operation. In addition, since the first part 300 and the second part 400 are on the same plane, the contact plane formed by the upper pressing plate 111 and the lower pressing plate 222 when they contact and squeeze each other is flush with the edges on both sides of the upper pressing plate 111 of the upper mold 500 and is flush with the edges on both sides of the lower pressing plate 222 of the lower mold 600. In this way, it can be ensured that at least a part of the second part 400 formed by squeezing the upper pressing plate 111 and the lower pressing plate 222 can be on the same plane with the other parts of the first part 300 and the second part 400 formed by squeezing the edges on both sides of the upper pressing plate 111 of the upper mold 500 and the edges on both sides of the lower pressing plate 222 of the lower mold 600.

[0041] The upper die 500 is provided with a groove for accommodating the first elastic element 110, one end of the first elastic element 110 is fixed at the bottom of the groove and the other end supports the upper press plate 111. When the first elastic element 110 is freely extended, a part of the upper press plate 111 is located inside the groove and the other part extends out of the groove. The die base 700 is provided with a groove for accommodating the second elastic element 220, and the lower die 600 is provided with a through hole for the second elastic element 220 to pass through, one end of the second elastic element 220 is arranged at the bottom of the groove of the die base 700 and the other end passes through the through hole on the lower die 600 and extends out of the through hole and supports the lower press plate 222. When the second elastic element 220 is freely extended, a part of the lower press plate 222 is located in the through hole of the lower die 600 and the other part extends out of the through hole of the lower die 600. When the upper mold 500 and the lower mold 600 are closed to each other so that the upper pressing plate 111 and the lower pressing plate 222 contact and press each other, the upper surface of the lower pressing plate 222 and the lower surface of the upper pressing plate 111 are flush with the edge of the through hole of the lower mold 600 and the edge of the groove of the upper mold 500.

[0042] The first spring element 110 and the second elastic element 220 include nitrogen gas springs.

[0043] like Figure 5B As shown, when the upper die 500 and the lower die 600 are closed, the contact surface 501 of the upper die 500 and the contact surface 801 of the blank holder 800 and the contact surface 601 of the lower die 600 are pressed to form the first part 300, a part of the second part 400 and other parts of the rear fender except the first part 300 and the second part 400, and the upper pressing plate 111 and the lower pressing plate 222 are pressed to form another part of the second part 400. At this time, the first part 300 and the second part 400 are on the same plane. During the drawing, at least a part of the second part 400 is fixed by the upper pressing plate 111 and the lower pressing plate 222. Thus, the sheet material is drawn using the drawing die according to the present invention to form a sheet material 100 having a rear fender profile, and the sheet material 100 having a rear fender profile has a first part 300 forming the lower flange of the rear fender and a second part 200 extending outward from the first part 100 in the same plane to form a free end.

[0044] like Figure 6 OP10 shown in the figure is used to blank the slab; Figure 7 OP20 shown in the figure, the blanked sheet is drawn to form a sheet 100 having a rear fender profile, wherein the sheet 100 having a rear fender profile has a first portion 300 forming a lower flange of the rear fender and a second portion 400 extending outwardly from the first portion 300 in a coplanar manner to form a free end; Figure 8OP30 shown in the figure, the plate 100 having the rear fender profile is shaped and trimmed to form a plate 1001; Fig. 9 OP40 shown in the figure, trims, shapes and flanging the sheet 1001 to form the sheet 1002; and Fig.10 In the OP50 shown, the sheet material 1002 is trimmed and flanged to form the rear fender 200 .

[0045] The technical effects of the rear fender forming method according to the present invention and the forming method according to the prior art are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that the rear fender forming method according to the present invention improves material utilization, reduces production costs, and has good economic benefits.

[0046] Table 1 Comparison between the molding method according to the present invention and the molding method according to the prior art

[0047]

[0048] The present invention also provides a rear fender panel formed by the above-mentioned forming method and a vehicle including the rear fender panel formed by the above-mentioned forming method.

[0049] In summary, the present invention provides a rear fender forming method, comprising blanking a plate blank; drawing the blanked plate blank to form a plate having a rear fender profile, wherein the plate having the rear fender profile has a first portion forming a lower flange of the rear fender and a second portion coplanarly extending outward from the first portion to form a free end; and finally forming the plate having the rear fender profile to form a rear fender, wherein the second portion is sheared off so that the first portion forms the lower flange of the rear fender. Thus, after the drawing process according to the present invention, the second portion to be sheared off as waste is planar and coplanarly extending below the first portion forming the lower flange of the rear fender. Compared with the waste in the prior art with a "Z"-shaped cross section, the forming method according to the present invention will produce less waste during the drawing process, thereby reducing the waste rate, improving the material utilization rate of the plate blank, and thus reducing the cost.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for forming a rear fender using a drawing die, characterized in that: The drawing die comprises: an upper die having a groove for accommodating an upper blank holder supported by a first elastic element, wherein the upper blank holder extends out of the groove of the upper die when the first elastic element is freely extended; and The lower die has a hole, wherein the hole accommodates a lower pressing plate supported by a second elastic element, and when the second elastic element is freely extended, the lower pressing plate extends out of the hole of the lower die, The upper die and the lower die respectively have contact surfaces that match each other. The rear fender forming method comprises: Dropping the slab; The blank is drawn to form a plate having a rear fender profile, wherein the plate having the rear fender profile comprises a first portion forming a lower flange of the rear fender and a second portion coplanarly extending outward from the first portion to form a free end, wherein the lower blank plate and the upper blank plate cooperate to press at least a portion of the second portion, a portion of the first portion and a portion of the second portion are formed by extrusion of the contact surface of the upper die and the contact surface of the lower die, and another portion of the second portion is formed by extrusion of the upper blank plate and the lower blank plate, wherein, when the upper die and the lower die are closed to each other so that the upper blank plate and the lower blank plate contact and press each other, the upper surface of the lower blank plate and the lower surface of the upper blank plate are flush with the edge of the hole of the lower die and the edge of the groove of the upper die; and The sheet material having the rear fender profile is finally formed into the rear fender, wherein the second portion is cut off so that the first portion forms a lower flange of the rear fender, The second part is in a planar shape, and its cross section is in the shape of a "U". The second part is a free end, and the second part of the free end is fixed during drawing to apply force to other parts to form drawing.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The process of finally forming the sheet material having the rear fender profile into the rear fender comprises: shaping and trimming the plate having the rear fender profile; Trimming, shaping and flanging the shaped and trimmed sheets; and; The trimmed, shaped and flanging plates are trimmed and flanging performed.

3. A drawing die, characterized in that: The blanked sheet is drawn using the drawing die to form a sheet having a rear fender profile, wherein the sheet having the rear fender profile comprises a first portion forming a lower flange of the rear fender and a second portion extending outwardly from the first portion in the same plane to form a free end, wherein the second portion is sheared off so that the first portion forms the lower flange of the rear fender, the second portion is in a plane shape, and its cross section is in an "I" shape, wherein the second portion is a free end, and the second portion of the free end is fixed during drawing to apply force to other portions to form drawing, The drawing die comprises: an upper die having a groove for accommodating an upper blank holder supported by a first elastic element, wherein the upper blank holder extends out of the groove of the upper die when the first elastic element is freely extended; and The lower die has a hole, wherein the hole accommodates a lower pressing plate supported by a second elastic element, and when the second elastic element is freely extended, the lower pressing plate extends out of the hole of the lower die, The upper die and the lower die respectively have contact surfaces that match each other. Wherein, the lower pressing plate and the upper pressing plate cooperate to press at least a part of the second part, the first part and a part of the second part are formed by extruding the contact surface of the upper mold and the contact surface of the lower mold, and the other part of the second part is formed by extruding the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate, wherein, when the upper mold and the lower mold are closed to each other so that the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate contact and squeeze each other, the upper surface of the lower pressing plate and the lower surface of the upper pressing plate are flush with the edge of the hole of the lower mold and the edge of the groove of the upper mold.

4. The drawing die according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drawing die also includes a die base arranged below the lower die, wherein the second elastic element is fixed on the die base.

5. The drawing die according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mold base is provided with a groove for accommodating the second elastic element, and the hole on the lower mold is a through hole for the second elastic element to pass through.

6. The drawing die according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The drawing die further comprises a blank holder, a contact surface of the blank holder and a contact surface of the lower die cooperate with a contact surface of the upper die to form a plate having a complete rear fender profile, and when the upper die and the lower die are closed, the contact surface of the upper die, the contact surface of the blank holder and the contact surface of the lower die are pressed to form a part of the first part and the second part and other parts except the first part and the second part; The upper and lower blank holders press and form another portion of the second portion.

7. The drawing die according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The first elastic element and the second elastic element are nitrogen springs.

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