An integrated multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization device for sludge

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device, including a sludge storage room, a sludge drying device, a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device, and a brick drying room. The sludge drying equipment adopts a concentric three-cylinder mosaic structure, which has a long drying time, a small footprint, low energy consumption, a low exhaust gas temperature, and a small heat dissipation loss. The carbonization furnace and the pyrolysis furnace are integrated, with less investment. The upper component has no furnace wall and connecting pipes, and directly absorbs heat from the lower component, which has a good heat transfer effect, a small footprint, a low manufacturing cost, more convenient operation and adjustment, higher thermal efficiency, and small heat dissipation loss. The pyrolysis furnace adopts a quick-assembly structure, and the inner wall of the furnace body is cast in one piece, which is matched with thermal insulation materials for overall processing, the workshop finalized parts are made, and the on-site assembly is carried out, so the construction period is greatly shortened, the product quality is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the total weight of the furnace can be reduced by more than 50%. The brick drying room recovers waste heat, which can bake bricks and remove waste gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and in particular relates to a sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device. Background Art

[0002] The random discharge of pollutants pollutes the atmosphere, water bodies, and soil, seriously threatening human survival and endangering all animal and plant kingdoms. The sewage that costs a huge amount of money to treat pollutants leaves a large amount of sludge that is difficult to handle after the water body is purified. Except for a small part used as fertilizer, most of it is used for landfill or outdoor storage, causing secondary pollution. Even if it is used as fertilizer, it also pollutes the soil and water bodies. In addition, the accumulation of sewage sludge is increasing, and sludge treatment is urgent. The applicant's Chinese patent CN201911128768.6 has made improvements to the above problems, but the following problems still exist:

[0003] 1. The drying part is a single cylinder, which occupies a large area, has high energy consumption, high exhaust gas temperature and large heat dissipation loss;

[0004] 2. Carbonization furnace: The carbonization furnace and pyrolysis furnace are separate components, which need to be connected by pipes. They occupy a large area and require a separate heat exchange space. The manufacturing cost is high and the heat dissipation loss is large.

[0005] 3. The pyrolysis furnace uses heavy furnace walls and is built on site. The construction period is long, the quality of workers is high, the labor intensity is high, and the total weight of the furnace is large. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of at least one of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device, including a sludge storage chamber, a sludge drying equipment, a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment, and a brick drying room. The sludge drying equipment adopts a concentric three-cylinder mosaic structure, which has a long drying time, a small footprint, low energy consumption, low exhaust gas temperature, and small heat dissipation loss. The carbonization furnace and the pyrolysis furnace are integrated, with less investment. The upper component has no furnace wall and connecting pipes, and directly absorbs heat from the lower component, which has good heat transfer effect, small footprint, low manufacturing cost, more convenient operation and adjustment, higher thermal efficiency, and small heat dissipation loss. The pyrolysis furnace adopts a quick-assembly structure, the inner wall of the furnace body is cast in one piece, and it is processed as a whole in combination with thermal insulation materials. The workshop finalized parts are made and assembled on site. The construction period is greatly shortened, the product quality is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the total weight of the furnace can be reduced by more than 50%. The pyrolysis zone is an optimized chamber structure with good aerodynamic characteristics. The material circulation disturbance in the plane and vertical directions can use fuels with very low calorific value. For example, sludge carbonized particles with a calorific value of less than 1000kcal / kg can be pyrolyzed and burned well and can reach a pyrolysis rate of more than 98%.

[0007] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device is provided, which is characterized by comprising a sludge storage chamber, a sludge drying device, a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device, and a brick drying room;

[0008] The sludge storage chamber is used to store wet sludge and transport the wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment;

[0009] The sludge drying equipment comprises a drying equipment body, a wet sludge inlet, a drying inner cylinder, a drying middle cylinder, a drying outer cylinder, a dry sludge outlet, a high-temperature flue gas inlet, and a waste gas outlet;

[0010] The drying inner cylinder, the drying middle cylinder and the drying outer cylinder in the main body of the drying equipment are a concentric three-cylinder structure in which three concentric cylinders of different diameters are sequentially inlaid, and a sludge flow drying path with multiple turns is formed; the wet sludge inlet and the high-temperature flue gas inlet are arranged at the front end of the drying inner cylinder, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected to the high-temperature flue gas outlet, the dry sludge outlet is arranged at the rear end of the drying outer cylinder and is connected to the dry sludge inlet, and the exhaust gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the drying equipment main body and is connected to the exhaust gas inlet;

[0011] The upper carbonization furnace and the lower pyrolysis furnace of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment are integrated as a whole, including a pyrolysis furnace body, a dry sludge inlet, a carbonization inner cylinder, a carbonization outer cylinder, a carbonization particle outlet, a carbonization particle inlet, an ash outlet, a high-temperature flue gas outlet, a carbonization gas outlet, a carbonization gas inlet, an ash conveyor, and a pyrolysis furnace bottom plate;

[0012] The carbonization inner cylinder and the carbonization outer cylinder are concentric double-cylinder structures inlaid with two concentric cylinders of different diameters, and form a return dry sludge carbonization path. The two ends of the carbonization outer cylinder penetrate and are mounted on the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body; the dry sludge inlet is arranged at the front end of the carbonization inner cylinder, and the carbonization particle outlet is arranged at the lower end of the carbonization outer cylinder, and is connected with the carbonization particle inlet arranged in the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace body; a plurality of ash outlets are provided on the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate at the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace body, and the residue after carbonization and pyrolysis of the sludge is discharged to the ash conveyor; the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body is provided with the high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the carbonization inner cylinder is also provided with the carbonization gas outlet, which is connected with the carbonization gas inlet arranged in the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace body through an external furnace pipeline;

[0013] The brick drying room introduces the waste gas from the waste gas outlet through its waste gas inlet to utilize the waste heat.

[0014] Preferably, the sludge storage chamber comprises a storage chamber body, a wet sludge inlet, a wet sludge mechanical arm, and a closed conveyor;

[0015] The storage chamber main body is used to store wet sludge, the wet sludge inlet is located in the front of the storage chamber main body, the wet sludge mechanical arm is located in the middle of the storage chamber main body and is used to transport wet sludge to the closed conveyor; the closed conveyor is located at the rear of the storage chamber main body and is used to transport wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment.

[0016] Preferably, the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment further comprises a high-pressure blower, which is arranged below the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace and is used to supply oxygen to the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace body.

[0017] Preferably, the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment further comprises a coal hopper and an ignition burner;

[0018] The coal hopper is arranged above the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace and is used to transport coal for preheating the entire device to the middle of the pyrolysis furnace body;

[0019] The ignition burner is arranged at the coal conveying port of the coal hopper and is used for igniting the coal.

[0020] Preferably, the middle and upper parts of the pyrolysis furnace body located above the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace include furnace walls, furnace roof, insulation bricks, and thermal insulation aluminum silicate felt;

[0021] The insulation bricks are arranged on the inner sides of the furnace wall and the furnace roof, and the heat-insulating aluminum silicate felt is arranged between the insulation bricks and the furnace wall and the furnace roof.

[0022] Preferably, the main body of the pyrolysis furnace is a quick-assembly structure, the furnace wall and the furnace roof are cast in one piece, and are assembled on-site with the insulation bricks and the thermal insulation aluminum silicate felt.

[0023] Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace body further comprises a plurality of partition walls, which are divided into two types: a first partition wall and a second partition wall;

[0024] The first partition wall extends upward from the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace, but the top is spaced apart from the furnace top, and the second partition wall extends downward from the furnace top, but the bottom is spaced apart from the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace; the first partition wall and the second partition wall are spaced apart front and back to form a high-temperature flue gas channel that is continuously bent up and down.

[0025] Preferably, the first partition wall at the front of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the rear end of the carbonized particle inlet and the first ash outlet;

[0026] The second partition wall at the rear of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the front end of the high-temperature flue gas outlet and the last ash outlet;

[0027] An ash outlet is also provided between the first partition wall and the second partition wall.

[0028] Preferably, the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace body further includes a plurality of columns, the columns are supported between the ground and the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace, and the ash conveyor is arranged on the ground between the columns.

[0029] Preferably, the brick drying room, in addition to the waste gas inlet, also includes a brick drying room body, a waste gas outlet, a material vehicle inlet, and a material vehicle outlet;

[0030] The exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the top of the brick drying room body; the material vehicle inlet and the material vehicle outlet are respectively opened at the front and rear end surfaces of the brick drying room body for the material vehicle to pass through.

[0031] The above-mentioned preferred technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0032] In general, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0033] 1. The sludge multi-stage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device of the present invention adopts a mosaic structure for the sludge drying equipment. It is composed of three concentric cylinders of different diameters that are embedded and combined with each other according to a certain mathematical relationship and structural form. It can dry a variety of materials such as blocks, granules, and powders, and is an environmentally friendly and energy-saving product that replaces traditional drying equipment. The inner cylinder, the middle cylinder, and the outer cylinder form a self-insulating structure. At the same time, the outer cylinder is wrapped with insulation materials and stainless steel plates to further reduce heat dissipation losses and improve thermal efficiency. The unique thermal design concept eliminates the heat loss of the wind tunnel, increases the heat exchange area and the evaporation intensity per unit volume, and significantly enhances the thermal energy utilization rate. The thermal efficiency is effectively increased by 40%, saving more than double the energy consumption, and at the same time, the reduction in floor space reduces the basic investment.

[0034] 2. The sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the present invention is a sludge drying equipment. According to the principle of thermal work, lifting plates and guide plates with different angles and spacings are installed in the cylinder. This structure can ensure that the dried material moves along the spiral direction under the action of gravity, maintains a sufficient residence time and sufficient dispersion in the cylinder, so that the material in the cylinder can fully exchange heat with the hot air flow from the combustion chamber, eliminating the defects of small heat exchange area and low evaporation intensity per unit volume caused by the frequent appearance of wind tunnels in the cross section of conventional drying equipment.

[0035] 3. The sludge drying equipment of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the present invention has high technical content, self-insulation of the cylinder, and a thermal efficiency of up to 80% (the thermal efficiency of conventional drying equipment is only 35%), which can save 68% of coal and increase the output by 100%; the length of the whole machine is shortened by 60%, which is conducive to process layout. Reduce the building area of ​​the plant, save about 40% of the project investment, and occupy an area of ​​about 20 square meters; use heat-resistant and wear-resistant alloy steel plates, which are 4 times more wear-resistant than ordinary steel plates, have a long service life and are easy to maintain; high thermal efficiency, the temperature of the outer cylinder is lower than 60°C (the temperature of the conventional single-cylinder cylinder is as high as 150°C), the heat loss is small, the outlet temperature is low, and the discharge temperature is lower than 60°C; the low outlet temperature is conducive to the long service life of the dust removal equipment, and can be directly matched with the air box pulse bag dust collector; the civil engineering investment is reduced by about 50%, and the power consumption is reduced by 60%.

[0036] 4. The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the present invention, the pyrolysis furnace at the bottom, provides heat energy to the production line, and is characterized in that the low calorific value sludge carbonized material is used as raw material, and is completely pyrolyzed therein, and the chemical energy in the carbonized material is converted into heat energy, and the energy is transferred to the sludge drying equipment and the upper carrier (carbonization furnace) of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 by the high-temperature hot air of the carrier. Air is input into the pyrolysis zone by a high-pressure blower at the bottom, and is fully mixed, disturbed, cracked, and pyrolyzed with the carbonized material. In a good atmosphere of high temperature, oxygen-rich and long residence time, the pyrolysis rate of the carbonized material can reach more than 98%. The remaining ash after complete pyrolysis is discharged from the ash outlet at the bottom and sent to the ash warehouse by a temperature-resistant screw conveyor for use as building materials.

[0037] 5. In the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the present invention, the high-temperature hot air generated after the pyrolysis of the carbonized material directly flushes the surface of the cylinder whose upper part is the carbonization furnace, and transfers the heat to the carbonized material in the carbonization furnace. This structure has high heat transfer efficiency, large heat flux density, and low investment. This structure optimizes the flame radiation length and airflow velocity, has a long residence time, and ensures a good carbonization effect.

[0038] 6. The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the present invention has a carbonization furnace body on the upper part, which is a concentric double-cylinder structure and is made of heat-resistant and wear-resistant cylinder materials. Sludge containing 20% ​​moisture enters the inner cylinder of the carbonization furnace from the front end and is pushed by the guide blades on the inner cylinder wall, so that the sludge absorbs heat, releases moisture, and moves backward at the same time, and falls from the other end to the outer cylinder. Similarly, the guide blades on the inner wall of the outer cylinder move the sludge, absorb heat, release moisture, and move forward at the same time, and are discharged from the carbonized particle outlet below the front end of the outer cylinder to the screw conveyor, and are sent to the silo through the elevator for use in the pyrolysis furnace.

[0039] 7. In the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the present invention, the sludge inside the upper carbonization furnace body is heated and cracked in an air-isolated state, the water evaporates, the volatile matter, CO, and organic matter are discharged, and some odor dioxins are discharged from the carbonization gas outlet on the upper part of the carbonization furnace body, and are sent into the high-temperature zone of the pyrolysis furnace (carbonization gas inlet) by a high-temperature fan for combustion, which not only utilizes the calorific value, but also effectively disposes of these harmful substances. Practice shows that this structural process greatly reduces the initial emission of pollutants in the flue gas, reduces the cost of flue gas purification, and can achieve emission standards that are better than national standards.

[0040] 8. The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the present invention has carbonized granular material input, air input, material pyrolysis, heat release, heat and mass transfer, heat output, ash discharge and other processes in the front part of the pyrolysis furnace body, which are all carried out and completed in this section. After the sludge is treated by the sludge drying equipment, the sludge moisture content is reduced from 60% to 20% of the dry sludge, which is sent to the upper carbonization furnace body of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment, and carbonized and cracked at about 500°C in an oxygen-free state to form porous carbonized granular material with a calorific value of about 1400kcal / kg, which is sent to the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis and incineration as the heat source of the present invention.

[0041] 9. The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the present invention has a pyrolysis furnace body of a quick-install structure, and the furnace wall and the furnace roof are cast in one piece, and are made in combination with insulation bricks and heat-insulating aluminum silicate felt. The workshop finalized parts are made and assembled on site, and the construction period is greatly shortened, which can ensure the quality and reduce the total weight of the furnace by more than 50%. The pyrolysis zone is an optimized chamber structure with good aerodynamic characteristics. The material circulation disturbance in the plane and vertical direction can use fuels with very low calorific value, such as sludge carbonized particles less than 1000kcal / kg, which can be well pyrolyzed and burned and can reach a pyrolysis rate of more than 98%.

[0042] 10. In the integrated sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization device of the present invention, the sludge is carbonized and pyrolyzed in the integrated sludge pyrolysis and carbonization equipment, and after releasing heat in the sludge drying equipment, exhaust gas at about 100°C is discharged; the brick baking room is a set of corresponding enclosed space and supporting facilities for waste heat recovery and utilization, which can be used for brick baking and waste heat recovery, and can also separate and settle part of the dust in the waste gas. As the waste gas temperature drops, part of the water vapor is precipitated, achieving the effect of removing white dust. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2Schematic diagram of a sludge storage chamber of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of sludge drying equipment of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of integrated sludge pyrolysis and carbonization equipment of the integrated sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of a sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 2 is a top view half-section schematic diagram of a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of a sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a brick drying room of the sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] The dimensions in the figure are in mm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0052] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device, including a sludge storage chamber 1, a sludge drying device 2, a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device 3, and a brick drying room 4.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, the sludge storage chamber 1 is used to store wet sludge and transport the wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment 2; the sludge storage chamber 1 includes a storage chamber body 1-1, a wet sludge inlet, a wet sludge mechanical arm, and a closed conveyor 1-2; the storage chamber body 1-1 is used to store wet sludge, the wet sludge inlet is located in front of the storage chamber body 1-1, the wet sludge mechanical arm is located in the middle of the storage chamber body, and is used to transport wet sludge to the closed conveyor 1-2; the closed conveyor 1-2 is located behind the storage chamber body 1-1, and is used to transport wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment 2. The storage chamber body is a closed space, and the sludge is automatically dumped into the pool by a sealed vehicle. The remote-controlled wet sludge robot arm delivers lime powder into the pool and mixes it evenly with the sludge for preliminary disinfection and deodorization. During storage, some water can be released. An exhaust port is installed on the top to send the odorous air to the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment for combustion. The sludge storage room can store 430m3 of wet sludge, which can provide 100 hours of supply for this production line.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the sludge drying equipment 2 includes a drying equipment body 2-1, a wet sludge inlet 2-2, a drying inner cylinder 2-3, a drying middle cylinder 2-4, a drying outer cylinder 2-5, a dry sludge outlet 2-6, a high-temperature flue gas inlet 2-7, and a waste gas outlet 2-8.

[0055] The drying inner cylinder 2-3, the drying middle cylinder 2-4 and the drying outer cylinder 2-5 in the drying equipment body 2-1 are a concentric three-cylinder structure in which three concentric cylinders of different diameters are sequentially inlaid, and a sludge flow drying path with multiple turns is formed, in which the high-temperature flue gas and the wet sludge are subjected to multi-stage heat exchange to reduce the moisture content of the sludge to less than 20%; the wet sludge inlet 2-2 is arranged at the front end of the drying inner cylinder 2-3, and the wet sludge is fed into the drying inner cylinder 2-3; the drying inner cylinder 2-3 is located at the lower part of the wet sludge inlet 2-2, and is used to receive the sludge from the wet sludge inlet 2-2; the drying middle cylinder 2-4 is located on the outside of the drying inner cylinder 2-3, and is used to continue to pyrolyze the material from the drying inner cylinder 2-3; the drying outer cylinder 2-5 is located at the drying middle cylinder 2 -4 is arranged on the outside of the drying cylinder 2-4, and is used for further pyrolysis of the materials coming from the drying middle cylinder 2-4; the high-temperature flue gas inlet 2-7 is arranged at the front end of the drying inner cylinder 2-3, and the high-temperature flue gas inlet 2-7 is connected with the high-temperature flue gas outlet 3-8 of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 through an external pipeline, and is used to absorb the heat provided by the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3; the dry sludge outlet 2-6 is arranged at the rear end of the drying outer cylinder 2-5 and is connected with the dry sludge inlet 3-2 of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3, and is used to discharge the dry sludge into the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3; the exhaust gas outlet 2-8 is arranged at the rear end of the drying equipment body 2-1 and is connected with the exhaust gas inlet 4-2 of the brick drying room 4, and is used to discharge the exhaust gas into the brick drying room 4.

[0056] The sludge drying equipment of the present invention adopts a mosaic structure. It is composed of three concentric cylinders of different diameters that are embedded and combined with each other according to a certain mathematical relationship and structural form. It can dry a variety of materials such as blocks, granules, powders, etc., and is an environmentally friendly and energy-saving product that replaces traditional drying equipment. The inner cylinder, the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder form a self-insulating structure. At the same time, the outer cylinder is wrapped with insulation materials and stainless steel plates to further reduce heat dissipation losses and improve thermal efficiency. The unique thermal design concept eliminates the heat loss of the wind tunnel, increases the heat exchange area and the evaporation intensity per unit volume, and significantly enhances the thermal energy utilization rate. The thermal efficiency is effectively increased by 40%, saving more than double the energy consumption, and at the same time, the reduction in floor space reduces the basic investment.

[0057] The working principle of the sludge drying equipment of the present invention is: according to the principle of thermal work, lifting plates and guide plates with different angles and spacings are installed in the cylinder. This structure can ensure that the dried material moves along the spiral movement direction under the action of gravity, maintains a sufficient residence time and sufficient dispersion in the cylinder, so that the material in the cylinder can fully exchange heat with the hot air flow from the combustion chamber, eliminating the defects of small heat exchange area and low evaporation intensity per unit volume caused by the frequent appearance of wind tunnels in the cross-section of conventional drying equipment.

[0058] The technical features of the sludge drying equipment of the present invention include:

[0059] 1. High technical content, self-insulation of the cylinder, thermal efficiency up to 80% (the thermal efficiency of conventional drying equipment is only 35%), which can save 68% of coal and increase the output by 100%;

[0060] 2. The length of the whole machine is shortened by 60%, which is beneficial to the process layout. It reduces the building area of ​​the plant, saves about 40% of the project investment, and occupies an area of ​​about 20 square meters;

[0061] 3. Adopt heat-resistant and wear-resistant alloy steel plate, which is 4 times more wear-resistant than ordinary steel plate, has long service life and is easy to maintain;

[0062] 4. High thermal efficiency, the outer cylinder temperature is lower than 60℃ (the conventional single cylinder temperature is up to 150℃), small heat dissipation loss, low outlet temperature, and the discharge temperature is lower than 60℃;

[0063] 5. The outlet temperature is low, which is conducive to the long service life of the dust removal equipment, and can be directly matched with the air box pulse bag dust collector;

[0064] 6. Civil engineering investment is reduced by about 50% and electricity consumption is reduced by 60%.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 is roughly composed of two major parts. The upper carbonization furnace and the lower pyrolysis furnace are a whole, including a pyrolysis furnace body 3-1, a dry sludge inlet 3-2, a carbonization inner cylinder 3-3, a carbonization outer cylinder 3-4, a carbonization particle outlet 3-5, a carbonization particle inlet 3-6, an ash outlet 3-7, a high-temperature flue gas outlet 3-8, a carbonization gas outlet 3-9, a carbonization gas inlet 3-10, an ash conveyor 3-11, and a pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12.

[0066] The dry sludge inlet 3-2 is arranged at the front end of the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3, and is used to input dry sludge; the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3 and the carbonization outer cylinder 3-4 are concentric double cylinder structures inlaid with two concentric cylinders of different diameters, and form a return dry sludge carbonization path, the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3 carbonizes the dry sludge, and the two ends of the carbonization outer cylinder 3-4 penetrate and are mounted on the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body 3-1, so that the material coming out of the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3 is further carbonized. The carbonization particle outlet 3-5 is arranged at the lower end of the carbonization outer cylinder 3-4, and discharges the completely carbonized granular material to the carbonization particle inlet 3-6 in the middle of the pyrolysis furnace body 3-1, and the material discharged from the carbonization particle outlet 3-5 is conveyed to the middle of the pyrolysis furnace body 3-1 by a high-temperature screw conveyor for pyrolysis.

[0067] A plurality of ash outlets 3-7 are provided on the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12 at the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace body 3-1, and the residue after carbonization and pyrolysis of the sludge is discharged to the ash conveyor 3-11. The ash conveyor 3-11 discharges the ash and the ash is transported to the brick-making workshop by a screw conveyor to make permeable bricks and antique bricks. The upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body 3-1 is provided with the high-temperature flue gas outlet 3-8, which is used to provide high-temperature flue gas to the sludge drying equipment 2. The carbonization inner cylinder 3-3 is also provided with the carbonization gas outlet 3-9, which is used to discharge volatile water vapor, carbon monoxide and other gases in the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3, and the gas is incinerated and deodorized through the external furnace pipeline, and is connected to the carbonization gas inlet 3-10 in the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace body 3-1 to utilize heat.

[0068] The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 also includes a high-pressure blower 3-13, which is arranged below the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12 and is used to transport oxygen to the middle of the pyrolysis furnace body 3-1.

[0069] The pyrolysis furnace at the bottom of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 provides heat energy to this production line. Its characteristics are that the low calorific value sludge carbonized material is used as raw material, and is completely pyrolyzed therein, and the chemical energy in the carbonized material is converted into heat energy. The energy is transferred to the sludge drying equipment and the upper carrier (carbonization furnace) of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 by the high-temperature hot air of the carrier. A high-pressure blower at the bottom inputs air into the pyrolysis zone, which is fully mixed, disturbed, cracked, and pyrolyzed with the carbonized material. In a good atmosphere of high temperature, oxygen-rich and long residence time, the pyrolysis rate of the carbonized material can reach more than 98%. The remaining ash after complete pyrolysis is discharged from the ash outlet at the bottom and sent to the ash warehouse by a temperature-resistant screw conveyor for use as building materials.

[0070] The high-temperature hot air generated after the carbonized material is pyrolyzed directly flushes the surface of the cylinder of the carbonization furnace at the upper part, transferring the heat to the carbonized material in the carbonization furnace. This structure has high heat transfer efficiency, large heat flux density, and low investment. This structure optimizes the flame radiation length and airflow velocity, has a long residence time, and ensures a good carbonization effect.

[0071] The upper part of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 is the main body of the carbonization furnace, which is a concentric double-cylinder structure and is made of heat-resistant and wear-resistant cylinder materials. The sludge containing 20% ​​moisture enters the inner cylinder of the carbonization furnace from the front end and is pushed by the guide blades on the inner cylinder wall, so that the sludge absorbs heat, releases moisture, and moves backward at the same time, falling from the other end to the outer cylinder. Similarly, the guide blades on the inner wall of the outer cylinder move the sludge, absorb heat, release moisture, and move forward at the same time, and are discharged from the carbonized particle outlet at the bottom of the front end of the outer cylinder to the screw conveyor, and are sent to the silo through the elevator for use in the pyrolysis furnace.

[0072] The sludge inside the main body of the upper carbonization furnace of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 is heated and cracked in an air-isolated state, the water evaporates, the volatile matter, CO, and organic matter are expelled, and some odor dioxins are discharged from the carbonization gas outlet on the upper part of the carbonization furnace body, and are sent into the high-temperature zone of the pyrolysis furnace (carbonization gas inlet) by a high-temperature fan for combustion, which not only utilizes the calorific value, but also effectively disposes of these harmful substances. Practice has shown that this structural process greatly reduces the initial emission of pollutants in the flue gas, reduces the cost of flue gas purification, and can achieve emission standards that are better than the national standards.

[0073] After the sludge is processed by the sludge drying equipment 2, the moisture content of the sludge is reduced from 80% to 20% of the dry sludge, which is then sent to the main body of the upper carbonization furnace of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3, where it is carbonized and cracked in an oxygen-free state at about 500°C to form porous carbonized particles with a calorific value of about 1400 kcal / kg, which are then sent to the lower part of the sludge drying equipment 2 for pyrolysis and incineration as the heat source of the present invention.

[0074] In the front part of the pyrolysis furnace body, the processes of carbonized granular material input, air supply, material pyrolysis, heat release, heat and mass transfer, heat output, ash discharge, etc. are all carried out and completed in this section.

[0075] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 also includes a coal hopper 3-14 and an ignition burner 3-15; the coal hopper 3-14 is arranged above the bottom plate 3-12 of the pyrolysis furnace, and is used to transport coal for preheating the entire device to the middle of the pyrolysis furnace body 3-1; the ignition burner 3-15 is arranged at the coal delivery port of the coal hopper 3-14, and is used for igniting the coal.

[0076] The pyrolysis furnace body 3-1 is located in the middle and upper part of the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12, and includes a furnace wall 3-16, a furnace top 3-17, insulation bricks 3-18, and insulating aluminum silicate felt; the insulation bricks 3-18 are arranged on the inner side of the furnace wall 3-16 and the furnace top 3-17, and the insulating aluminum silicate felt is arranged between the insulation bricks 3-18 and the furnace wall 3-16 and the furnace top 3-17.

[0077] The pyrolysis furnace body 3-1 is a quick-assembly structure, the furnace wall 3-16 and the furnace roof 3-17 are cast in one piece, and are made in combination with the insulation bricks 3-18 and the insulating aluminum silicate felt. The parts are made in the workshop and assembled on site, which greatly shortens the construction period and ensures the quality. The total weight of the furnace can be reduced by more than 50%.

[0078] The pyrolysis zone is an optimized chamber structure with good aerodynamic characteristics. The material circulation disturbance in the plane and vertical directions can use fuels with very low calorific value. For example, sludge carbonized particles with a calorific value of less than 1000kcal / kg can be pyrolyzed and burned well and can reach a pyrolysis rate of more than 95%.

[0079] The pyrolysis furnace body 3-1 also includes a plurality of partition walls, which are divided into two categories: a first partition wall 3-19 and a second partition wall 3-20; the first partition wall 3-19 extends upward from the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12, but the top is spaced apart from the furnace top 3-17, and the second partition wall 3-20 extends downward from the furnace top 3-17, but the bottom is spaced apart from the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12; the first partition wall 3-19 and the second partition wall 3-20 are spaced apart front to back to form a high-temperature flue gas passage that is continuously bent up and down.

[0080] The first partition wall 3-19 at the front of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the rear end of the carbonized particle inlet 3-6 and the first ash outlet 3-7; the second partition wall 3-20 at the rear of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the front end of the high-temperature flue gas outlet 3-8 and the last ash outlet 3-7; and the middle ash outlet 3-7 is also provided between the first partition wall 3-19 and the second partition wall 3-20.

[0081] The lower part of the pyrolysis furnace body 3-1 also includes a plurality of columns 3-21, and the columns 3-21 are supported between the ground and the bottom plate 3-12 of the pyrolysis furnace, and the ash conveyor 3-11 is arranged on the ground between the columns 3-21.

[0082] like Figure 7 As shown, the sludge is carbonized and pyrolyzed in the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3, and after releasing heat in the sludge drying equipment, exhaust gas at about 100°C is discharged; the brick drying room 4 is a set of corresponding enclosed space and supporting facilities for waste heat recovery and utilization, including a brick drying room body 4-1, an exhaust gas inlet 4-2, an exhaust gas outlet 4-3, a material vehicle inlet 4-4, and a material vehicle outlet 4-5.

[0083] The waste gas inlet 4-2 and the waste gas outlet 4-3 are respectively arranged at the top front and rear of the brick drying room body 4-1; the material vehicle inlet 4-4 and the material vehicle outlet 4-5 are respectively opened at the front and rear end surfaces of the brick drying room body 4-1, for the material vehicle 4-6 to pass through. In addition to being used for brick baking and waste heat recovery, the brick drying room 4 can also separate and settle part of the dust in the waste gas. As the waste gas temperature drops, part of the water vapor is precipitated, achieving the effect of removing white dust.

[0084] It is to be understood that the embodiments of the system described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and may be located in one place, or may be distributed on different network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art may understand and implement the solution without creative effort.

[0085] In addition, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that, in the application documents of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0086] In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, a large number of specific details are described. However, it should be understood that the embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some examples, known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification. Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the disclosure of the embodiment of the present invention and help understand one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the embodiment of the present invention, the various features of the embodiment of the present invention are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof.

[0087] This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the invention require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the Detailed Description are hereby expressly incorporated into this Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of an embodiment of the invention.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device, characterized in that: Including sludge storage room, sludge drying equipment, sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment, brick drying room; The sludge storage chamber is used to store wet sludge and transport the wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment; The sludge drying equipment comprises a drying equipment body, a wet sludge inlet, a drying inner cylinder, a drying middle cylinder, a drying outer cylinder, a dry sludge outlet, a high-temperature flue gas inlet, and a waste gas outlet; The drying inner cylinder, the drying middle cylinder and the drying outer cylinder in the main body of the drying equipment are a concentric three-cylinder structure in which three concentric cylinders of different diameters are sequentially inlaid, and a sludge flow drying path with multiple turns is formed; the wet sludge inlet and the high-temperature flue gas inlet are arranged at the front end of the drying inner cylinder, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected to the high-temperature flue gas outlet, the dry sludge outlet is arranged at the rear end of the drying outer cylinder and is connected to the dry sludge inlet, and the exhaust gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the drying equipment main body and is connected to the exhaust gas inlet; The upper carbonization furnace and the lower pyrolysis furnace of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment are integrated as a whole, including a pyrolysis furnace body, a dry sludge inlet, a carbonization inner cylinder, a carbonization outer cylinder, a carbonization particle outlet, a carbonization particle inlet, an ash outlet, a high-temperature flue gas outlet, a carbonization gas outlet, a carbonization gas inlet, an ash conveyor, and a pyrolysis furnace bottom plate; The carbonization inner cylinder and the carbonization outer cylinder are concentric double-cylinder structures inlaid with two concentric cylinders of different diameters, and form a return dry sludge carbonization path. The two ends of the carbonization outer cylinder penetrate and are mounted on the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body; the dry sludge inlet is arranged at the front end of the carbonization inner cylinder, and the carbonization particle outlet is arranged at the lower end of the carbonization outer cylinder, and is connected with the carbonization particle inlet arranged in the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace body; a plurality of ash outlets are provided on the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate at the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace body, and the residue after carbonization and pyrolysis of the sludge is discharged to the ash conveyor; the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body is provided with the high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the carbonization inner cylinder is also provided with the carbonization gas outlet, which is connected with the carbonization gas inlet arranged in the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace body through an external furnace pipeline; The main body of the pyrolysis furnace is located in the middle and upper parts above the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace and includes furnace walls, furnace roof, insulation bricks, and thermal insulation aluminum silicate felt; The insulation bricks are arranged on the inner side of the furnace wall and the furnace roof, and the heat-insulating aluminum silicate felt is arranged between the insulation bricks and the furnace wall and the furnace roof; The pyrolysis furnace body also includes a plurality of partition walls, which are divided into two types: a first partition wall and a second partition wall; The first partition wall extends upward from the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace, but the top is spaced from the furnace top, and the second partition wall extends downward from the furnace top, but the bottom is spaced from the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace; the first partition wall and the second partition wall are spaced from each other front to back to form a high-temperature flue gas channel that is continuously bent up and down; The main body of the pyrolysis furnace is a quick-assembly structure, the furnace wall and the furnace roof are cast in one piece, and the insulation bricks and the thermal insulation aluminum silicate felt are on-site assembled structures; The brick drying room introduces the waste gas from the waste gas outlet through its waste gas inlet to utilize the waste heat.

2. The sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge storage chamber includes a storage chamber body, a wet sludge inlet, a wet sludge mechanical arm, and a closed conveyor; The storage chamber main body is used to store wet sludge, the wet sludge inlet is located in the front of the storage chamber main body, the wet sludge mechanical arm is located in the middle of the storage chamber main body and is used to transport wet sludge to the closed conveyor; the closed conveyor is located at the rear of the storage chamber main body and is used to transport wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment.

3. The integrated sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment also includes a high-pressure blower, which is arranged below the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace and is used to transport oxygen to the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace body.

4. The integrated sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment also includes a coal hopper and an ignition burner; The coal hopper is arranged above the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace and is used to transport coal for preheating the entire device to the middle of the pyrolysis furnace body; The ignition burner is arranged at the coal conveying port of the coal hopper and is used for igniting the coal.

5. The sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first partition wall at the front of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the rear end of the carbonized particle inlet and the first ash outlet; The second partition wall at the rear of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the front end of the high-temperature flue gas outlet and the last ash outlet; An ash outlet is also provided between the first partition wall and the second partition wall.

6. The sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the pyrolysis furnace body also includes a plurality of columns, the columns are supported between the ground and the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace, and the ash conveyor is arranged on the ground between the columns.

7. The integrated sludge multi-stage pyrolysis and carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In addition to the exhaust gas inlet, the brick drying room also includes a brick drying room body, an exhaust gas outlet, a material vehicle inlet, and a material vehicle outlet; The exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the top of the brick drying room body; the material vehicle inlet and the material vehicle outlet are respectively opened at the front and rear end surfaces of the brick drying room body for the material vehicle to pass through.

Images