Polarizers and polarization measurement devices

Abstract

The present invention discloses a polarizing plate and a polarization measuring device. The polarizing plate includes at least one polarizing part, each of which is used to filter light to form linear polarized light, and the linear polarized light is used to irradiate the measured object and is used to reflect the measured object after irradiating the measured object. At least one analyzing part, the number of analyzing parts is the same as the number of polarizing parts, each analyzing part and one of the polarizing parts are centrally symmetrically distributed on the polarizing plate, and the analyzing part is used to filter the linear polarized light reflected from the measured object. By arranging centrally symmetrical polarizing parts and analyzing parts on a polarizing plate, polarizing and analyzing operations of different polarization angles can be completed on the same polarizing plate, simplifying the complex structure of the detection device design and facilitating the miniaturization of the detection device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of optical technology, in particular to a polarizing plate and a polarization measuring device. Background Art

[0002] Polarization measurement has important research value in many fields. Different objects have different absorption and reflectivity of polarized light with different polarization angles, which can distinguish the composition of the measured object. It has important practical value in the fields of early cancer detection and medical endoscopy. The structure of the polarization light measurement device in the related art is complex and large in size, which is not easy to miniaturize. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a polarizer and a polarization measurement device, which can complete polarization generation and polarization analysis on the same polarizer, simplify the structure of the measurement device, and facilitate miniaturization.

[0004] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the polarizer comprises at least one polarizing portion, each of which is used to filter light to form linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light is used to irradiate the object to be measured and is used to reflect from the object to be measured, and at least one analyzing portion, the number of the analyzing portions is the same as the number of the polarizing portions, each of the analyzing portions is centrally symmetrically distributed with one of the polarizing portions on the polarizer, and the analyzing portion is used to filter the linearly polarized light reflected from the object to be measured.

[0005] The polarizer according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: by arranging centrally symmetrical polarizing parts and analyzing parts on a polarizer, polarizing and analyzing operations of different polarization angles can be completed on the same polarizer, which simplifies the complex structure of the detection device and facilitates the miniaturization of the detection device.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, each of the polarizing sections and each of the analyzing sections are configured as fan-shaped regions, and polarization angles of the polarizing section and the analyzing section are both angles between the polarization direction of the polarizer and the midline of the fan-shaped region.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polarizer includes 16 polarizing sections and 16 analyzing sections, the 16 polarizing sections are connected side by side, and the 16 analyzing sections are connected side by side.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polarization angles of the 16 polarizing units are set to a plurality of different angles, and the polarization angles of the 16 analyzing units are set to a plurality of different angles, and the plurality of different angles include: 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°.

[0009] A polarization measuring device according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises the polarizer described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polarization measuring device further includes a driving device, the rotation axis of the driving device is connected to the center of the polarizer, and the driving device is used to drive the polarizer to rotate.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polarization measuring device further includes a light source, which is disposed on one side of the polarizing portion and is used to emit light to the polarizing portion.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polarization measurement device further includes an image acquisition device, which is disposed on one side of the polarization analyzer, and is used to detect linearly polarized light filtered by the polarization analyzer.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polarization measuring device further includes a light-transmitting plate, the light-transmitting plate having a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole being used for allowing light emitted by the light source to pass through so as to illuminate the polarizing portion, the second through hole being used for allowing light passing through the analyzing portion to pass through, and the image acquisition device being used for detecting light passing through the second through hole.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the size of the first through hole matches the circle inscribed in the polarizing portion, and the size of the second through hole matches the circle inscribed in the polarizing analyzing portion.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a polarizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a 90° polarization angle of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a polarization measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a sector-shaped inscribed circle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] The first polarizing unit 111, the second polarizing unit 121, the third polarizing unit 131, the fourth polarizing unit 141, the first polarizing unit 112, the second polarizing unit 122, the third polarizing unit 132, the fourth polarizing unit 142, the polarization direction 110, the center line 120, the polarizer 210, the light-transmitting plate 220, the first through hole 221, the second through hole 222, the fixing ring 230, the driving device 240, the light source 250, the inscribed circle 211, the image acquisition device 260, and the outer cylinder 270. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0024] The polarizer according to the embodiment of the present invention includes at least one polarizing section, each polarizing section is used to filter light to form linear polarized light, the linear polarized light is used to irradiate the object to be measured, and is used to reflect the object after irradiating the object to be measured, at least one analyzing section, the number of analyzing sections is the same as the number of polarizing sections, each analyzing section and one of the polarizing sections are centrally symmetrically distributed on the polarizer, and the analyzing section is used to filter the linear polarized light reflected from the object to be measured. The primary working process of the polarizer is that the polarizing section is used to filter the light emitted by the light source into linear polarized light of a specific angle, irradiate the object to be measured, and the linear polarized light absorbed and reflected by the object to be measured is filtered by the analyzing section and detected by the image acquisition device.

[0025] The number of polarizers and analyzers is the same. Different numbers of polarizers and analyzers can be set according to actual design requirements. By designing the size and shape of the polarizers and analyzers, different numbers of polarizers and analyzers can be set on the polarizer, thereby realizing a combination of multiple polarization angles and analyzer angles to obtain more measurement data. Each group of polarizers and analyzers is centrally symmetrically distributed on the polarizer, which facilitates the design of the entire data acquisition system. For example, refer to Figure 1, the polarizer is divided into 16 polarizing sections (111, 121, 131, 141) and 16 analyzing sections (112, 122, 132, 142). The first polarizing section 111 includes 4 polarizing sections, and the first analyzing section 112 is symmetrically distributed with the center of the first polarizing section 111. The first analyzing section 112 includes 4 analyzing sections, wherein each polarizing section corresponds to each analyzing section one by one and they are symmetrically distributed with the center. The other parts of the polarizer have similar structures and will not be described here one by one. In the present application, the naming of the polarizing section and the analyzing section is distinguished by the role they play in filtering light. The polarizing section is used to filter the light of the light source as linearly polarized light, and the analyzing section is used to filter the reflected linearly polarized light. The polarizing section polarizer and the analyzing section polarizer of the same polarization angle have exactly the same structural characteristics, but they play different roles. Therefore, the polarizing section polarizer and the analyzing section polarizer can be replaced with each other. By arranging a polarizing section and an analyzing section on the same polarizer, polarization generation and polarization analysis can be completed on a single polarizer, which simplifies the structure of the measuring device and facilitates miniaturization of the measuring device.

[0026] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , each of the polarizing parts and each of the analyzing parts are arranged as a fan-shaped area, and the polarization angles of the polarizing part and the analyzing part are both the angles between the polarization direction of the polarizer and the center line of the fan-shaped area. The polarizing part and the analyzing part of the present application completely divide the polarizer into fan-shaped areas, maximizing the use of the effective area of ​​the polarizer for easy detection. The polarization angle defined in the present application is the angle between the polarization direction 110 of the polarizer and the center line 120 of the fan-shaped area. In other embodiments, different reference lines may also be selected to define the polarization angle, such as the two side lines of the fan-shaped area.

[0027] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the polarizer includes 16 polarizing parts (111, 121, 131, 141) and 16 analyzing parts (112, 122, 132, 142), and the 16 polarizing parts are connected side by side, and the 16 analyzing parts are connected side by side. The polarizer is divided into 32 uniform sectors, that is, the angle of each sector is 11.25°. The 16 polarizing parts are connected side by side to form a semicircle, and the 16 polarizing parts are connected side by side to form another half of the semicircle. In other embodiments, the polarizing parts and the analyzing parts can also be arranged at intervals to achieve the same function.

[0028] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, 16 polarizing sections are divided into four groups of polarizing sections by setting polarization angles, each group of polarizing sections includes four polarizing sections, and the four groups of polarizing sections are: a first polarizing section 111, a second polarizing section 121, a third polarizing section 131, and a fourth polarizing section 141. The first polarizing section 111 includes four fan-shaped polarizing sections with a polarization angle of 0°, the second polarizing section 121 includes four fan-shaped polarizing sections with a polarization angle of 45°, the third polarizing section 131 includes four fan-shaped polarizing sections with a polarization angle of 90°, and the fourth polarizing section 141 includes four fan-shaped polarizing sections with a polarization angle of 135°. The 16 polarizers are divided into four groups of polarizers by setting the polarization angles. Each group of polarizers includes four polarizers. The four groups of polarizers are: the first polarizer 112, the second polarizer 122, the third polarizer 132, and the fourth polarizer 142. The first polarizer 112 is composed of four sector-shaped polarizers with polarization angles of 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°. The angles of the other second polarizers 122, the third polarizer 132, and the fourth polarizer 142 are set in the same way as the first polarizer 112, and will not be described one by one here. Every time the polarizer rotates 11.25°, it corresponds to a polarization combination. First, the 0° position of the polarizer is combined with the 0° position of the polarizer. Next, after rotating 11.25°, the 0° position of the polarizer is combined with the 45° position of the polarizer, and so on. When it rotates 180°, 16 polarization state combination images are completely collected. No image is collected for the next 180°, and after a complete rotation of 360°, the image returns to the starting position to start the next round of polarization state collection. The different position combinations of the polarizer and the analyzer polarizer will change the Mueller matrix in the local coordinate system, thereby changing the outgoing polarization state of the incident light and the detected polarization state of the received light. The polarizer and the analyzer only need to be set to several fixed angles, and the information obtained by measuring the combination of these angles is used to solve the problem. Through such a combined design, 16 groups of different polarization angles of the polarizer and the analyzer can be obtained on a polarizer, completing the function of multi-polarization angle combination detection. If more groups of data combinations are needed, more numbers of polarizers and analyzers can be set to complete the design function. In other embodiments, it can be set to 4 other different angles to meet the needs of data collection.

[0029] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 3 , a polarization measuring device is also proposed, and the polarization measuring device includes the polarizer 210 in the above embodiment.

[0030] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the polarization measurement device further includes a driving device 240, the rotation axis of the driving device 240 is connected to the center of the polarizer 210, and the driving device is used to drive the polarizer 210 to rotate. The polarizer 210 is fixed in the fixing ring 230 through the clamping groove provided on the inner side of the fixing ring 230. The fixing ring 230 is provided with a fixing hole, and the cross section of the outer cylinder 270 is also provided with a corresponding small hole. Preferably, four fixing holes and four small holes are provided, and the fixing ring 230 is fixed to the outer cylinder 270 through a fixing member. The driving device 240 is composed of a servo motor and an encoder, and is used to accurately control the rotation angle of the polarizer 210.

[0031] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the polarization measuring device further comprises a light source 250, which is arranged on one side of the polarizing part and is used to emit light to the polarizing part. After filtering, the light becomes linearly polarized light and irradiates the object to be measured. In this embodiment, the light source is a xenon lamp medical cold light source, and in other embodiments, it can also be a laser light source.

[0032] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the polarization measurement device further includes an image acquisition device 260, which is disposed on one side of the analyzer, and is used to detect the linearly polarized light filtered by the analyzer. The image acquisition device 260 is disposed at a position centrally symmetrical to the light source 250, and is used to detect the linearly polarized light filtered by the analyzer, corresponding to the positions of the polarizer and the analyzer on the polarizer 210.

[0033] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the polarization measurement device further includes a light-transmitting plate 220, and the light-transmitting plate 220 includes a first through hole 221 and a second through hole 222. The first through hole 221 is used for allowing the light emitted by the light source 250 to pass through so as to illuminate the polarizing part, and the second through hole 222 is used for allowing the light passing through the analyzing part to pass through so as to be detected by the image acquisition device. The light-transmitting plate 220 is disposed between the polarizer 210, the light source 250, and the image acquisition device 260. The light-transmitting plate is used to better match each polarizing part with each analyzing part, to avoid the problem that the light spot falls on multiple polarizing parts due to the large cross-sectional area of ​​the light emitted by the light source 250, and to increase the accuracy of the detection. The light-transmitting area of ​​the analyzing part is applied with the light-transmitting plate in the same way. In one embodiment, the process of data collection is as follows: the light source 250 emits light, and the light is adjusted in size through the first through hole 221 on the light-transmitting plate 220. The adjusted light can only be irradiated in the same sector-shaped polarizing part, and filtered into linear polarized light through the polarizing part. The linear polarized light is irradiated on the object to be measured. After being absorbed and reflected by the object to be measured, a part of the light is reflected to the polarizing part of the polarizer. Since the range of the reflected light is larger, the light passing through the correct polarizing part is filtered out through the second through hole 222 on the light-transmitting plate 220, and then detected by the image acquisition device 260, thereby obtaining a set of data. The polarizer 210 rotates a specific angle under the drive of the driving device, changes the polarization angle of the polarizing part or the polarizing part, thereby obtaining another set of data. In this embodiment, the polarizer 210 only needs to rotate 180° to obtain the corresponding 16 sets of data, thereby completing the data collection work.

[0034] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 4 , the size of the first through hole 221 matches the circle inscribed in the polarizing part, and the size of the second through hole 222 matches the circle inscribed in the analyzing part. The inscribed circle 211 is the largest circle inscribed in the polarizing part or the analyzing part, and the light transmission area of ​​the polarizing part and the analyzing part is increased as much as possible to increase the light intensity. In other embodiments, the shape of the through hole can be fan-shaped, and the size is the same as the size of the polarizing part or the analyzing part, which can increase the light intensity of the light passing through.

[0035] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0036] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A polarizing plate, characterized in that include: At least one polarizing section, each of which is used to filter light to form linearly polarized light, and the linearly polarized light is used to illuminate the object to be measured and is used to reflect the object to be measured after irradiating the object to be measured; At least one polarization analyzer, the number of which is the same as that of the polarization generating units, each of which is centrally symmetrically distributed with one of the polarization generating units on the polarizer, and the polarization analyzer is used to filter the linearly polarized light reflected from the object to be measured; Among them, each of the polarizing parts and each of the polarizing analyzers are arranged as fan-shaped areas, and the polarization angles of the polarizing parts and the polarizing analyzers are both the angles between the polarization direction of the polarizer and the midline of the fan-shaped area; the polarizer comprises 16 polarizing parts and 16 polarizing analyzers, the 16 polarizing parts are connected side by side, and the 16 polarizing analyzers are connected side by side; the 16 polarizing parts are divided into four groups of polarizing parts by setting the polarization angles, each group of polarizing parts comprises four polarizing parts, and the four groups of polarizing parts are respectively: a first polarizing part, a second polarizing part, a third polarizing part, and a fourth polarizing part, the first polarizing part comprises 4 fan-shaped polarizing parts with a polarization angle of 0°, the second polarizing part comprises 4 fan-shaped polarizing parts with a polarization angle of 45°, the third polarizing part comprises 4 fan-shaped polarizing parts with a polarization angle of 90°, and the fourth polarizing part comprises 4 fan-shaped polarizing parts with a polarization angle of 135°.

2. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that The polarization angles of the 16 polarization analyzers are set to a plurality of different angles, and the plurality of different angles include: 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°.

3. A polarization measuring device, characterized in that include: The polarizing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

4. The polarization measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a driving device, the rotating shaft of the driving device is connected to the center of the circle of the polarizing plate, and the driving device is used to drive the polarizing plate to rotate.

5. The polarization measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a light source, which is arranged on one side of the polarizing portion and is used to emit the light to the polarizing portion.

6. The polarization measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an image acquisition device, which is arranged on one side of the polarization analyzer and is used to detect the linearly polarized light filtered by the polarization analyzer.

7. The polarization measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a light-transmitting plate, which has a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole is used for allowing the light emitted by the light source to pass through so as to illuminate the polarizing part, and the second through hole is used for allowing the light passing through the polarizing part to pass through. The image acquisition device is used to detect the light passing through the second through hole.

8. The polarization measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The size of the first through hole matches the circle inscribed in the polarization generating portion, and the size of the second through hole matches the circle inscribed in the polarization analyzing portion.

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