Anti-malfunction self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-false operation self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit, comprising a plurality of groups of window breaking mechanism unit circuits and a centralized control unit circuit. An upper cover detection end arranged in the centralized control unit circuit detects a switch linked to an upper cover of a device shell at any time to judge the state of the upper cover. When it is detected that the upper cover of the shell is in a closed state, the power supply of the actuator is cut off through the centralized control unit circuit to avoid false triggering when a line leaks and grounds, resulting in false operation of the window breaker and causing losses. At the same time, the output of the sound alarm control end is also turned off, but the detection and light alarm circuit units are still kept working normally, so as to avoid sudden alarm sounds disturbing the driver during vehicle driving and affecting driving safety, thereby overcoming the defects of the existing centralized control window breaker circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a vehicle safety device, in particular to an anti-misoperation self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit used in large vehicles such as buses, trains, motor vehicles, subways and the like. Background Art

[0002] As motor vehicles become more and more popular, the number of arson crimes involving buses has increased in recent years, causing casualties. At the same time, accidents caused by car accidents have also increased. A considerable number of accidents are caused by vehicle fires or falling into water with people and vehicles. Due to water pressure, leakage, or power failure due to fire, the car doors cannot be opened, and the window glass is very strong, especially when it is covered with car film, the window glass is difficult to break, and eventually the people on the car drown or burn to death, especially some large buses. Once the above situation occurs, it will lead to major accidents or even major accidents. In view of this, the current GB7258-2012 "Technical Conditions for Safety of Pneumatic Vehicle Operation" has no longer met the current safety level expectations for the requirements of fire safety of buses and the convenience of escape for members of buses due to accidental burning or falling into water. For this reason, the National Standardization Administration revised the draft GB7258 on March 18, 2016, which has now been announced and implemented. The "Technical Conditions for Motor Vehicle Operation Safety" (Draft for Comments) modifies the GB7258 standard and adds the requirement that buses with a length of more than 9 meters and no passenger standing area must have at least two glass-breaking emergency windows on the left and right sides of the vehicle body and an automatic window-breaking function. Traditional window-breaking tools usually only have simple tools such as window-breaking hammers, which are easy to lose. In addition, due to the small space inside the car, especially when there are many passengers, multiple windows need to be broken to increase the escape speed, but the use of window-breaking hammers is subject to certain restrictions, making it difficult to apply force, affecting the speed and effect of breaking windows. In order to solve this problem, it is required to install a motor vehicle window-breaking device in large buses that can quickly break multiple windows at the same time. At present, there are several types of motor vehicle window breaking devices that can quickly break multiple windows at the same time through centralized control of electronic circuits. The basic structure of such window breaking devices usually includes a metal striker, a driving mechanism of the metal striker and a control circuit, or a push-type motor vehicle window breaking device with an elastic energy storage mechanism, and an actuator such as a motor or an electromagnetic mechanism controlled by an electronic circuit completes the window breaking action, and drives the metal striker of the window breaking device to achieve the purpose of breaking the window. Each window is correspondingly provided with a set of motors or electromagnetic mechanisms and window breaking devices. Since whether the window breaking device can always maintain normal operation is related to the life safety of passengers, once there is a fault in the electronic circuit control of the window breaking device, it must be eliminated immediately, which requires timely grasping the fault of the window breaking device. However, the electronic circuit control of the existing window breaking device does not have a self-checking function, so it is impossible to find and eliminate the fault in time, thereby eliminating safety hazards. In order to enhance the reliability of the device, timely find the device fault, and eliminate safety hazards, some manufacturers have developed some window breaking device centralized control unit circuits with self-checking functions.However, the centralized control circuits of these window breakers are still not perfect and have some defects. For example, when the circuit of the existing window breaker leaks and grounds during the installation process or after a period of use, it will be mistakenly triggered and cause the window breaker to malfunction, causing property loss; in addition, its sound alarm circuit unit still maintains the normal operation of the detection and light alarm circuit units to avoid sudden alarm sounds disturbing the driver and affecting driving safety during vehicle driving. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a window breaker centralized control unit circuit with a self-checking function in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention discloses a circuit for preventing malfunction, self-checking and centralized control of window breaker, which is characterized by comprising a DC power supply unit, a centralized control unit circuit, a plurality of groups of window breaking mechanism unit circuits and a sound alarm circuit unit; the centralized control unit circuit is composed of a micro data processing unit composed of a single chip microcomputer and its peripheral components; the window breaking mechanism unit circuit comprises a motor or an electromagnetic drive component as an actuator, an actuator power supply control circuit unit and a detection and light alarm circuit unit, the actuator power supply control circuit unit provides power for the actuator under the control of the centralized control unit circuit, the actuator is connected in series with a first isolation diode D3 and connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the actuator power supply; the detection and light alarm circuit unit comprises an alarm light emitting diode D1 and an LED driving transistor Q2, the LED driving transistor Q2 is an NPN type, the alarm light emitting diode D1 and a first current limiting resistor R3 are connected in series between the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo and the collector of the LED driving transistor Q2, the emitter of the LED driving transistor Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo The LED driving transistor Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo, and a second current limiting resistor R4 is connected between the base of the LED driving transistor Q2 and the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo to form a light alarm circuit; the centralized control unit circuit is provided with a fault detection end, and a first detection diode D4 is connected between the fault detection end and the collector of the LED driving transistor Q2, and a detection diode D2 is also connected between the base of the LED driving transistor Q2 and the connection point of the actuator and the first isolation diode D3 to form a detection circuit unit; the anti-malfunction self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit is also provided with an upper cover linkage switch, and the upper cover linkage switch includes a normally closed switch S2 and a normally open switch S1, and the centralized control unit circuit is provided with an upper cover detection end, and the normally open switch S1 is connected between the upper cover detection end and the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo, and the normally closed switch S2 is connected between the base of the LED driving transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo; the centralized control unit circuit is provided with a sound alarm control end connected to the control input end of the sound alarm circuit unit to control the operation of the sound alarm circuit unit.

[0005] As a further configuration of the present invention, the sound alarm circuit includes a unit buzzer FM and an audio driving transistor Q1, the buzzer FM is connected in series between the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo and the collector of the audio driving transistor Q1, the emitter of the audio driving transistor Q1 is connected to the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo, and the alarm control end of the centralized control unit circuit is connected to the base of the audio driving transistor Q1 through a third current limiting resistor R3.

[0006] As a further configuration of the present invention, the execution power supply control circuit unit includes a first switch transistor Q3 and a second switch transistor Q4, the first switch transistor Q3 is a PNP type, the second switch transistor Q4 is an NPN type, the emitter of the first switch transistor Q3 is connected to the main working power supply, a bias resistor R5 is bridged between the emitter and the base of the first switch transistor Q3, the base of the first switch transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of the second switch transistor Q4 through a fourth current limiting resistor R6, the emitter of the second switch transistor Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the main working power supply, the collector of the first switch transistor Q3 is connected to one end of the series branch of the isolation diode and the actuator, the other end of the series branch of the isolation diode and the actuator is connected to the negative electrode of the execution power supply, and the base of the second switch transistor Q4 is connected to the power control end of the centralized control unit circuit through a fifth current limiting resistor R7 to form the execution power supply control circuit unit.

[0007] As a further configuration of the present invention, the anti-false operation self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit is provided with a plurality of groups of window breaking mechanism unit circuits, and the positive poles of the first detection diodes D4 in each group of window breaking mechanism unit circuits are connected to each other and then connected to the fault detection end of the centralized control unit circuit to form a line-and connection.

[0008] The anti-false operation self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit of the present invention comprises a plurality of groups of window breaking mechanism unit circuits and a centralized control unit circuit. The upper cover detection end arranged in the centralized control unit circuit detects the switch linked with the upper cover of the device shell at any time to judge the state of the upper cover. When it is detected that the upper cover of the shell is in a closed state, the power supply of the actuator is cut off through the centralized control unit circuit to avoid false triggering when the line leaks and grounds, resulting in false operation of the window breaker and causing losses. At the same time, the output of the sound alarm control end is also turned off, but the detection and light alarm circuit units are still kept working normally, so as to avoid sudden alarm sounds disturbing the driver during the driving of the vehicle and affecting driving safety, thereby overcoming the defects of the existing centralized control window breaker circuit.

[0009] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Attached Figure 1 It is a circuit diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Attached Figure 2 A circuit schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a power control circuit unit for executing the present invention;

[0012] Attached Figure 3 The figure is a circuit schematic diagram of a specific DC step-down circuit embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The window breaker used in conjunction with the anti-misoperation self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit of the present invention is a push-type window breaker, and the pressing method can be to directly or indirectly press a certain pressing member through electric control operation to drive a metal striker to complete the window breaking action. A relatively efficient and labor-saving push-type window breaker with an energy storage structure is preferred. The push-type window breaker with an energy storage structure generally includes a striker and a push elastic energy storage and firing mechanism, the striker can be axially slidably arranged in a mounting seat, and the push elastic energy storage and firing mechanism is provided with a slidable pressing member, by pressing the pressing member, the striker accumulates elastic energy, and releases the striker after accumulating a certain amount of elastic energy. Specifically, existing technologies can be used, such as the push-type window breaker and push-actuator disclosed in the publication number CN107901869, entitled "A Smart Vehicle Fully Automatic Window Breaking Device" published on April 13, 2018; or the window breaking mechanism and drive device recorded in the application number 201811139292.1, entitled "A Micro Electric Vehicle Window Breaking Device". In order to prevent accidental contact and misoperation, this type of window breaking device is equipped with a shell. The upper cover of the shell can be opened to manually press the operation to complete the window breaking. The driver can also press the start switch set on the driving console to trigger the window breaking device to complete the window breaking.

[0014] The invention discloses a circuit for a centralized window breaker with self-checking to prevent false operation, which comprises a DC power supply unit, a centralized control unit circuit 1, a plurality of window breaking mechanism unit circuits 2 and a sound alarm circuit unit 3; the centralized control unit circuit 1 is composed of a micro data processing unit composed of a single-chip computer U1 and its peripheral components. The single-chip computer U1 can select a suitable existing product according to the circuit's requirements for performance indicators such as memory and the number of I / O input and output terminals. In this specific embodiment, a PIC16F629 series single-chip computer is selected.

[0015] The window breaking mechanism unit circuit 2 includes a motor M or an electromagnetic drive component as an actuator, an actuator power control circuit unit 201 and a detection and light alarm circuit unit 202. In this specific embodiment, the actuator is a micro motor M. Since the voltage of the actuator power Vm is higher than the control DC working power Vcc of the centralized control unit circuit 1, the DC power supply unit of the present invention includes a main DC working power Vo as the working power of the actuator and a control DC working power Vcc of the working power of the centralized control unit circuit 1, wherein the main DC working power Vo is provided by a vehicle battery; the main DC working power Vo is output as the control DC working power Vcc after being stepped down and stabilized by a DC step-down circuit 4. The DC step-down circuit 4 is specifically implemented as follows: Figure 3 The execution power control circuit unit 201 provides power to the execution element under the control of the centralized control unit circuit 1, and the execution element is connected in series with the first isolation diode D3 and connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the execution power supply Vm, wherein the positive electrode of the first isolation diode D3 is connected to the positive electrode of the execution power supply Vm.

[0016] In this specific embodiment, the detection and light alarm circuit unit 202 includes an alarm light emitting diode D1 and an LED driving transistor Q2, the LED driving transistor Q2 is of NPN type, the alarm light emitting diode D1 and the first current limiting resistor R3 are connected in series between the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo and the collector of the LED driving transistor Q2, the emitter of the LED driving transistor Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo, and a second current limiting resistor R4 is connected between the base of the LED driving transistor Q2 and the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo to form a light alarm circuit; the centralized control unit circuit 1 is provided with a fault detection end. In this specific embodiment, the first I / O input and output end (pin 7) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is used as the fault detection end, and the fault detection end is connected to the L A first detection diode D4 is connected between the collectors of the ED driving transistor Q2, the cathode of the first detection diode D4 is connected to the collector of the LED driving transistor Q2, and a detection diode D2 is also connected between the base of the LED driving transistor Q2 and the connection point of the actuator and the first isolation diode D3 to form a detection circuit unit; the anti-malfunction self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit is also provided with an upper cover linkage switch, the upper cover linkage switch includes a normally closed switch S2 and a normally open switch S1, the centralized control unit circuit 1 is provided with an upper cover detection end, the normally open switch S1 is connected between the upper cover detection end and the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo, and the normally closed switch S2 is connected between the base of the LED driving transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo.

[0017] In this specific embodiment, the sound alarm circuit unit 3 includes a unit buzzer FM and an audio driving transistor Q1. The buzzer FM is connected in series between the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo and the collector of the audio driving transistor Q1. The emitter of the audio driving transistor Q1 is connected to the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo. The centralized control unit circuit 1 is provided with a sound alarm control terminal. In this specific embodiment, the second I / O input and output terminal (pin 2) of the single-chip computer U1 serves as the sound alarm control terminal. The alarm control terminal of the centralized control unit circuit 1 is connected to the control input terminal of the sound alarm circuit unit 3, i.e., the base of the audio driving transistor Q1, through the third current limiting resistor R1 to control the operation of the sound alarm circuit unit 3.

[0018] In this specific embodiment, the execution power control circuit unit 201 includes a first switch transistor Q3 and a second switch transistor Q4, the first switch transistor Q3 is a PNP type, the second switch transistor Q4 is an NPN type, the emitter of the first switch transistor Q3 is connected to the main working power supply, a bias resistor R5 is connected between the emitter and the base of the first switch transistor Q3, the base of the first switch transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of the second switch transistor Q4 through a fourth current limiting resistor R6, and the emitter of the second switch transistor Q4 is connected to the main working power supply. The negative electrode is connected, the collector of the first switching transistor Q3 is connected to one end of the series branch of the isolation diode and the actuator as the positive electrode of the execution power supply Vm, and the other end of the series branch of the isolation diode and the actuator is connected to the negative electrode of the execution power supply Vm (the main DC working power supply Vo). The base of the second switching transistor Q4 is connected to the power control end of the centralized control unit circuit 1 through the fifth current limiting resistor R7 to form the execution power control circuit unit 201. In this specific embodiment, the third I / O input and output end (pin 6) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is used as the power control end. Figure 2 shown.

[0019] In order to meet the needs of breaking multiple windows at the same time and to perform self-inspection and alarm on each window breaker, the anti-false operation self-inspection centralized control window breaker circuit of the present invention is provided with multiple groups of window breaking mechanism unit circuits 2, and the positive electrodes of the first detection diodes D4 in each group of window breaking mechanism unit circuits 2 are connected to each other and then connected to the fault detection end of the centralized control unit circuit 1 to form a line-and connection.

[0020] The working principle of the anti-malfunction self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit of the present invention is as follows: when the upper cover of the shell is in a closed standby state, the normally open switch S1 of the upper cover linkage switch is in a closed state, and the normally closed switch S2 is in an open state. The centralized control unit circuit 1 monitors the switch (normally open switch S1) of the upper cover linkage connected to the upper cover detection end in real time under the control of the internal program of the single-chip microcomputer U1 to determine the state of the upper cover. When it is detected that the upper cover of the shell is in a closed state, the second I / O input and output end (pin 2) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 of the centralized control unit circuit, namely the sound alarm control end output, maintains a low level to avoid sudden alarm sounds disturbing the driver during vehicle driving and affecting driving safety. At the same time, the third I / O input and output end (pin 6) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 of the centralized control unit circuit, namely the power supply control end output, maintains a low level, the first switch transistor Q3 and the second switch transistor Q4 are turned off, and the execution power supply control circuit unit 201 has no output, that is, the power supply of the execution element (execution power supply Vm) is cut off to avoid false triggering when the line leaks and grounds, resulting in malfunction of the window breaker and loss.

[0021] At this time, if the motor circuit is normal and there is no circuit breakage fault, under the bias of the second current limiting resistor R4 and the internal resistance of the motor M, the LED driving transistor Q2 is in a slightly conductive state, the collector of the LED driving transistor Q2 is at a high level, the alarm light emitting diode D1 does not emit light, the first I / O input and output terminal (pin 7) of the single-chip computer U1, that is, the fault detection terminal, is also at a high level, and the internal program determines that it is normal.

[0022] If a motor short circuit fault occurs, the base of the LED driving transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the power supply are disconnected. Under the bias of the second current limiting resistor R4, the LED driving transistor Q2 is in the on state, the collector of the LED driving transistor Q2 is at a low level, the alarm light emitting diode D1 emits light, sends out a light alarm signal, and indicates the corresponding faulty motor. At the same time, the first I / O input and output terminal (pin 7) of the microcontroller U1, that is, the fault detection terminal, is also at a low level, and the internal program is judged to be abnormal.

[0023] When an emergency occurs and a window needs to be broken, the upper cover of the housing is opened, the normally open switch S1 of the upper cover linkage switch is in an open state, and the normally closed switch S2 is in a closed state. At this time, the centralized control unit circuit 1 monitors the upper cover linkage switch (normally open switch S1) connected to the upper cover detection end in real time under the control of the internal program of the single-chip microcomputer U1 to determine the state of the upper cover. When it is detected that the upper cover of the housing is in an open state, the second I / O input and output end (pin 2) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 of the centralized control unit circuit, that is, the sound alarm control end output maintains a high level, and an alarm sound is issued to prompt passengers to evacuate as soon as possible. At the same time, the third I / O input and output end (pin 6) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 of the centralized control unit circuit, that is, the power control end output maintains a high level, the first switch transistor Q3 and the second switch transistor Q4 are turned on, and the execution power control circuit unit 201 outputs the execution power Vm. At this time, the start switch QD is pressed, and all motors M are energized to complete the window breaking action.

[0024] The above embodiments are only used to explain the inventive concept of the present invention, rather than to limit the protection of the rights of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes to the present invention using this concept shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit for preventing false operation and self-checking centralized control of window breaker, characterized in that: It includes a DC power supply unit, a centralized control unit circuit, several groups of window breaking mechanism unit circuits and a sound alarm circuit unit; the centralized control unit circuit is composed of a micro data processing unit composed of a single-chip microcomputer and its peripheral components; the window breaking mechanism unit circuit includes a motor or electromagnetic drive component as an actuator, an actuator power supply control circuit unit and a detection and light alarm circuit unit, the actuator power supply control circuit unit provides power for the actuator under the control of the centralized control unit circuit, the actuator is connected in series with a first isolation diode D3 and then connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the actuator power supply; the actuator power supply control circuit unit includes a first switch transistor Q3 and a second switch transistor Q4, the first switch transistor Q3 is a PNP type, and the second switch transistor Q 4 is an NPN type, the emitter of the first switch transistor Q3 is connected to the main working power supply, a bias resistor R5 is connected between the emitter and the base of the first switch transistor Q3, the base of the first switch transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of the second switch transistor Q4 through a fourth current limiting resistor R6, the emitter of the second switch transistor Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of the main working power supply, the collector of the first switch transistor Q3 is connected to one end of the series branch of the isolation diode and the actuator, the other end of the series branch of the isolation diode and the actuator is connected to the negative electrode of the execution power supply, and the base of the second switch transistor Q4 is connected to the power control end of the centralized control unit circuit through a fifth current limiting resistor R7 to form the execution power supply control circuit unit; The detection and light alarm circuit unit includes an alarm light emitting diode D1 and an LED driving transistor Q2, wherein the LED driving transistor Q2 is of NPN type, the alarm light emitting diode D1 and a first current limiting resistor R3 are connected in series between the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo and the collector of the LED driving transistor Q2, the emitter of the LED driving transistor Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo, and a second current limiting resistor R4 is connected between the base of the LED driving transistor Q2 and the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo to form a light alarm circuit; the centralized control unit circuit is provided with a fault detection end, a first detection diode D4 is connected between the fault detection end and the collector of the LED driving transistor Q2, and the LED driving transistor Q2 is connected to the collector of the LED driving transistor Q2. A detection diode D2 is also connected between the base of the driving transistor Q2 and the connection point between the actuator and the first isolation diode D3 to form a detection circuit unit; the anti-malfunction self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit is also provided with an upper cover linkage switch, and the upper cover linkage switch includes a normally closed switch S2 and a normally open switch S1. The centralized control unit circuit is provided with an upper cover detection end, and the normally open switch S1 is connected between the upper cover detection end and the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo, and the normally closed switch S2 is connected between the base of the LED driving transistor Q2 and the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo; the centralized control unit circuit is provided with a sound alarm control end connected to the control input end of the sound alarm circuit unit to control the operation of the sound alarm circuit unit.

2. The anti-malfunction self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sound alarm circuit includes a unit buzzer FM and an audio driving transistor Q1, the buzzer FM is connected in series between the positive electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo and the collector of the audio driving transistor Q1, the emitter of the audio driving transistor Q1 is connected to the negative electrode of the main DC working power supply Vo, and the alarm control end of the centralized control unit circuit is connected to the base of the audio driving transistor Q1 through a third current limiting resistor R1.

3. The anti-malfunction self-checking centralized control window breaker circuit according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of groups of window breaking mechanism unit circuits are provided, and the positive electrodes of the first detection diodes D4 in the groups of window breaking mechanism unit circuits are connected together and then connected to the fault detection end of the centralized control unit circuit to form a line-and connection.

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