Automatic replacement device and automatic replacement method for broach chuck body

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic replacement device and an automatic replacement method for a broach chuck body. The locking device of the broach chuck body comprises: a fixed seat having a convex column portion; at least one locking block, which is consistent with the number of through holes and is movably arranged in the through hole along the radial direction of the convex column portion; a locking sleeve, which is movably sleeved outside the convex column portion of the fixed seat and has a locking state of acting inwardly on the locking block to press the broach chuck body, and an unlocking state of releasing the locking block to release the compression of the broach chuck body; an elastic member, which acts on the locking block, so that the locking block always has a tendency to move outward along the length direction of the through hole. The locking device makes the installation and disassembly operations of the broach chuck body more convenient, and effectively improves the replacement efficiency. It also relates to an automatic replacement device and an automatic replacement method for a broach chuck body using the locking device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of broaching machines, and in particular to a locking device for a broach chuck body, an automatic changing device and an automatic changing method for a broach chuck body. Background Art

[0002] A broaching machine is a machine tool that uses a broach as a tool to process through holes, planes, and formed surfaces of workpieces. It generally includes vertical broaching machines and horizontal broaching machines. The vertical internal broaching machines currently used usually include a base, a bed, a slide, and a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism can be used to drive the slide to move up and down. The workpiece is placed on the workbench fixture of the slide, and the broach is fixed on the chuck body on the base. When the slide drives the workpiece to move, the broaching machine can perform broaching on the workpiece.

[0003] The clamping and feeding of the broaches of traditional broaching machines are mainly operated by manual cooperation. Since most broaches are long and heavy, at least two people are required to complete the operation. This method has the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency. With the development of intelligent modern mechanical manufacturing, a series of automated broaching machine equipment and automated production lines using broaching machine equipment have emerged. For example, the Chinese invention patent application with application number CN201811357273.6 (publication number CN109202167A) discloses "An automatic tool changing system for broaching machines"; for another example, the Chinese invention patent application with application number CN201810664584.0 (publication number CN108526967A) discloses "An automatic tool changing device and control method for broaching machines".

[0004] The existing automated equipment of broaching machines can realize the automatic replacement of broaches. However, the existing workpiece broaching process usually requires multiple broaching processes, and each broaching process requires tools of different specifications, and tools of different specifications need to match different broach chuck bodies. Therefore, when replacing the broach, the chuck body also needs to be replaced accordingly. However, the chuck body of the existing broaching machine is basically directly fastened to the base of the broaching machine by bolts, and needs to be manually disassembled and replaced. The replacement process is relatively cumbersome and cannot be well connected with the current intelligent broaching machine equipment or automated production line. Summary of the invention

[0005] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a locking device for a broach chuck body which can effectively simplify the replacement process of the broach chuck body and is easy to operate in view of the current status of the prior art.

[0006] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic changing device for a broach chuck body, which is convenient to operate, has high changing efficiency, and is easy to connect with an automated production line, in view of the current status of the prior art.

[0007] The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic replacement method for a broach chuck body, which is convenient to operate, has high replacement efficiency, and is easy to connect with an automated production line, in view of the current status of the prior art.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the first technical problem is: a locking device for a broach chuck body, comprising:

[0009] The fixing seat has a convex column part, which is axially hollow to form a mounting hole for the end of the broach chuck body to be installed therein, and at least one through hole penetrating the mounting hole is radially opened on the peripheral wall;

[0010] At least one locking block, the number of which is the same as the through holes, is disposed in the through holes and can reciprocate along the length direction of the through holes;

[0011] A locking sleeve, movably sleeved outside the convex column portion of the fixing seat, and having a locking state in which the locking block is acted inwardly to press the broach chuck body, and an unlocking state in which the locking block is released to release the pressing of the broach chuck body;

[0012] The elastic member acts on the locking block, so that the locking block always has a tendency to move outward along the length direction of the through hole.

[0013] In order to realize the pressing and releasing of the locking block by the locking sleeve, the locking sleeve can slide along the axial direction of the convex column part of the fixing seat, and the inner wall of the locking sleeve is sequentially formed with a pressing part and a positioning recess along its axial direction. When the locking sleeve is in a locked state, the pressing part of the locking sleeve is shifted to a position corresponding to the through hole and presses the locking block inwardly. When the locking sleeve is in an unlocked state, the pressing part of the locking sleeve is away from the through hole so that a part of the locking block is accommodated in the positioning recess. It is conceivable that the locking sleeve can also be constrained on the convex column part by rotation with the axis of the convex column part of the fixing seat as the center, that is, the locking action or the unlocking action is realized during the rotation of the locking sleeve. Correspondingly, the pressing part and the positioning recess that can cooperate with the locking block can be sequentially formed on the inner wall of the locking sleeve along its circumference.

[0014] In order to facilitate processing and reduce processing costs, the locking sleeve is divided into a small diameter portion located at the upper part and a large diameter portion located at the lower part along its axial direction, the inner diameter of the small diameter portion is adapted to the outer diameter of the convex column portion of the fixing seat, and a first guiding inclined surface is formed between the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion of the locking sleeve, the first guiding inclined surface constitutes the clamping portion, and the large diameter portion constitutes the positioning recessed portion, and a second guiding inclined surface is provided on the locking block corresponding to the first guiding inclined surface, and the inclination direction of the second guiding inclined surface is consistent with the inclination direction of the first guiding inclined surface.

[0015] In order to properly arrange the elastic member so as to better act on the locking block to reset it, the outer end of the locking block has a positioning stop portion protruding laterally relative to the wall surface of the locking block, and the elastic member is a spring arranged between the positioning stop portion and the convex column portion of the fixing seat.

[0016] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the second technical problem is: an automatic changing device using the locking device of the broach chuck body, comprising: a manipulator, located on one side of the fixing seat, for placing the broach chuck body into the mounting hole of the fixing seat and taking the broach chuck body out of the mounting hole of the fixing seat;

[0017] A driving device, whose power output end is connected to the locking sleeve, thereby driving the locking sleeve to slide axially along the convex column part of the fixed seat, and making the locking sleeve in a locked state of acting inwardly on the locking block to press the broach chuck body, and in an unlocked state of releasing the locking block to release the pressure on the broach chuck body.

[0018] In order to detect whether the broach chuck body is in place, a position identification device connected to the control system signal is also included. The position identification device is located on one side of the locking sleeve, and includes a first proximity switch located at the top and a second proximity switch located at the bottom. The first proximity switch is used to identify whether the locking sleeve has moved to a position corresponding to the unlocked state, and the second proximity switch is used to identify whether the locking sleeve has moved to a position corresponding to the locked state.

[0019] In order to further detect whether the broach chuck body is in place after replacement to ensure that the broach chuck body is securely clamped, an airtightness detection device connected to the control system signal is also included. The upper end surface of the convex column part of the fixed seat can fit with the corresponding step surface arranged on the broach chuck body. The convex column part of the fixed seat has a ventilation channel that passes through the upper end surface of the convex column part of the fixed seat, and the ventilation channel is connected to the airtightness detection device.

[0020] In order to improve the accuracy of detecting whether the broach chuck body is properly installed, the vent channel has at least three air outlet ports, and the air outlet ports are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the circumference of the upper end surface of the convex column part of the fixing seat.

[0021] As an improvement, the air tightness detection device includes an intake pipe, a pressure sensor and a control valve. The intake pipe is connected to the intake port of the ventilation channel. The control valve is arranged on the intake pipe to control the opening and closing of the intake pipe. The pressure sensor is arranged on the intake pipe and is correspondingly located between the ventilation channel and the control valve.

[0022] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the third technical problem is: an automatic replacement method for a broach chuck body, comprising the following steps:

[0023] The clamping step is that after the robot clamps the broach chuck body to be assembled, it installs the broach chuck body into the mounting hole of the boss part of the fixed seat, and then the robot releases the drive device, which starts to move, driving the locking sleeve to slide along the axial direction of the boss part of the fixed seat to the lower position. When the locking sleeve moves down to the set position, the locking sleeve can act inward on the locking block to press the locking block on the broach chuck body and keep it in a locked state. At the same time, the position recognition device can recognize whether the locking sleeve has moved to the corresponding position of the locked state, and feed back the signal to the control system. If the locking sleeve has not moved to the set position, an alarm is issued. If the locking sleeve moves to the set position, the control system controls the air tightness detection device to perform the air tightness detection process.

[0024] Air tightness detection step. After the clamping step is completed, the control valve of the air tightness detection device is opened, and the gas is introduced into the ventilation channel of the fixed seat through the air inlet pipe. After the pressure in the ventilation channel reaches the set value, the control valve is closed. Then the control system determines whether the upper end surface of the convex column part of the fixed seat is in contact with the step surface on the broach chuck body through the gas pressure change detected by the pressure sensor, and then determines whether the broach chuck body is clamped properly. If the gas pressure change range detected by the pressure sensor reaches or exceeds the predetermined value, it is determined that the broach chuck body is clamped unqualified and an alarm is issued. If the gas pressure change range detected by the pressure sensor does not exceed the predetermined value, it is determined that the broach chuck body is clamped properly, and the broach chuck body replacement process is completed.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: after the broach chuck body is inserted into the mounting hole of the fixed seat, the broach chuck body inserted into the fixed seat can be effectively clamped by the cooperation of the locking sleeve and the locking block; when the broach chuck body needs to be removed from the mounting hole of the fixed seat, while the locking sleeve is released from the pressing of the locking block, the locking block can move outward along the through hole of the mounting seat under the elastic force of the elastic member to release the broach chuck body. This structural arrangement makes the installation and disassembly operations of the broach chuck body more convenient, and effectively improves the replacement efficiency. In addition, in the automatic replacement device using the locking device, the locking sleeve can be driven by the driving device to slide up and down along the convex column part of the fixed seat, so that the locking sleeve can be correspondingly in the locked state and the unlocked state, and the transfer operation of placing the broach chuck body on the fixed seat or taking it out from the fixed seat in cooperation with the manipulator can realize the automation of the replacement process of the broach chuck body, so as to better connect with the current intelligent broaching machine equipment or automated production line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the automatic changing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the locking device of the broach chuck body in the embodiment of the present invention in the unlocked state (the protective cover is omitted);

[0028] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a locking device of a broach chuck body in a locked state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A front view of

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view at AA (in unlocked state, without showing the broach chuck body);

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view at AA in the middle (in locked state);

[0032] Figure 7 A vertical cross-sectional view of a locking device of a broach chuck body according to an embodiment of the present invention in an unlocked state (with a locking block shown);

[0033] Figure 8 A vertical cross-sectional view of a locking device of a broach chuck body according to an embodiment of the present invention in a locked state (with a locking block shown);

[0034] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the airtightness detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] See also Figure 1-Figure 9A locking device for a broach chuck body comprises a fixed seat 10, a protective cover 18, a locking block 20, a locking sleeve and an elastic member 40. The fixed seat 10 can be fixed on the base of a broaching machine. The fixed seat 10 has a boss portion 12 extending upward, and the boss portion 12 can be a split part, detachably connected to the fixed seat 10, or can be designed as an integral part with the fixed seat 10. The boss portion 12 of the fixed seat 10 is axially hollow to form a mounting hole 120, and the end of the broach chuck body 60 can be installed into the mounting hole 120 from top to bottom. Specifically, the broach chuck body 60 is basically cylindrical, and has a step surface 61 on its outer peripheral wall. When the broach chuck body 60 is assembled in place, the step surface 61 of the broach chuck body 60 can fit on the upper end surface of the boss portion 12 of the fixed seat 10. The above-mentioned protective cover 18 is provided on the fixed seat 10 to prevent debris generated during the broaching process from entering the locking device. The protective cover 18 also has an opening at a position corresponding to the mounting hole 120 of the fixing seat 10 for the broach chuck body 60 to pass through.

[0037] See also Figure 5 and Figure 8 The boss portion 12 of the fixing seat 10 is radially provided with at least one through hole 15 penetrating the above-mentioned mounting hole 120 on the peripheral wall. There is at least one locking block 20, and the number thereof is consistent with the number of the above-mentioned through holes 15. The locking block 20 can be movably arranged in the through hole 15 along the radial direction of the boss portion 12. In order to enable the locking block 20 to firmly press the broach chuck body 60 when moving inward, the outer peripheral wall of the broach chuck body 60 is provided with an annular limiting groove 62, and the cross section of the limiting groove 62 is trapezoidal. Correspondingly, the inner end of the locking block 20 has a wedge-shaped portion adapted to the limiting groove 62. When the locking sleeve 30 presses the locking block 20 inward, the wedge-shaped portion of the locking block 20 can act on the inner side wall of the limiting groove 62, thereby pulling the broach chuck body 60 downward to achieve a secure locking of the broach chuck body 60.

[0038] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6The locking sleeve 30 is sleeved on the convex column part 12 of the fixing seat 10 and can slide axially along the convex column part 12 of the fixing seat 10. The locking sleeve 30 has a locked state and an unlocked state during the axial sliding process. Specifically, a pressing portion and a positioning recess are sequentially formed on the inner wall of the locking sleeve 30 along its axial direction. When the locking sleeve 30 is in the locked state, the pressing portion of the locking sleeve 30 shifts to a position corresponding to the through hole 15 and presses the locking block 20 inward. When the locking sleeve 30 is in the unlocked state, the pressing portion of the locking sleeve 30 is away from the through hole 15, and the locking block 20 moves outward and is partially accommodated in the positioning recess. The above-mentioned positioning recess can be an annular groove or a pit structure partially formed on the inner wall of the locking sleeve 30, as long as the locking block 20 can be given way on the outside and the locking block is released from pressing the broach chuck body 60. In this embodiment, the locking sleeve 30 is divided into a small diameter portion 31 located at the upper part and a large diameter portion 32 located at the lower part along its axial direction, and a first guide slope 33 is formed between the small diameter portion 31 and the large diameter portion 32. The locking block 20 has a second guide slope 21 corresponding to the first guide slope 33 of the locking sleeve 30, and the inclination direction of the second guide slope 21 is consistent with the inclination direction of the first guide slope 33. The inner diameter of the small diameter portion 31 is adapted to the outer diameter of the convex column portion 12 of the fixing seat 10, the large diameter portion 32 of the locking sleeve 30 constitutes the above-mentioned positioning concave portion, and the first guide slope 33 constitutes the above-mentioned pressing portion. When the locking sleeve 30 moves downward, the first guide slope 33 of the locking sleeve 30 can act on the second guide slope 21 of the locking block 20, thereby driving the locking block 20 to move inward along the length direction of the through hole 15, and then press on the broach chuck body 60.

[0039] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 In this embodiment, when the locking sleeve 30 moves downward to the lower position, it is in a locked state. In this locked state, the small diameter portion 31 of the locking sleeve corresponds to the through hole 15 of the fixing seat 10 and presses the locking block 20 inward, so that the locking block 20 is pressed against the broach chuck body 60 to achieve locking of the broach chuck body 60. When the locking sleeve 30 moves upward to the upper position, it is in an unlocked state. In this unlocked state, the large diameter portion 32 of the locking sleeve 30 corresponds to the through hole 15 of the fixing seat 10. Under the action of the elastic member 40, the locking block 20 can automatically move outward along the length direction of the through hole 15, thereby releasing the pressing and locking of the broach chuck body 60.

[0040] See also Figure 7, the outer port of the through hole 15 corresponding to the side wall of the convex column part 12 of the base is also provided with a clearance groove 16, and the clearance groove 16 is connected with the through hole 15. In this embodiment, the elastic member 40 is a spring, and the spring is arranged in the clearance groove 16. A laterally protruding positioning stop 22 is provided on the lower side wall of the locking block 20. The positioning stop 22 and the locking block 20 can be two separate parts, or can be designed as an integral whole. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate processing, the positioning stop 22 and the locking block 20 are separated parts, and the two can be transferred together. The positioning stop 22 has a first positioning hole 220, and the bottom surface of the clearance groove 16 has a second positioning hole 161. The two ends of the above-mentioned spring are respectively positioned in the first positioning hole 220 and the second positioning hole 161. Under the elastic force of the above-mentioned spring, the locking block 20 always has a tendency to move outward along the length direction of the through hole 15.

[0041] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 An automatic replacement device for a broach chuck body includes the above-mentioned locking device for the broach chuck body, a manipulator 63, a driving device 50, a position identification device and an airtightness detection device. The position identification device, the airtightness detection device and the driving device 50 are all connected to the control system signal.

[0042] The manipulator 63 is located at one side of the fixed seat 10, and is used to place the broach chuck body 60 into the mounting hole 120 of the fixed seat 10 or to remove it from the mounting hole 120 of the fixed seat 10. The power output end 51 of the driving device 50 is connected to the locking sleeve 30, thereby driving the locking sleeve 30 to slide axially along the convex column part 12 of the fixed seat 10, and making the locking sleeve 30 in a locked state of pressing the locking block 20 inwardly or in an unlocked state of releasing the locking block 20 and moving the locking block 20 outwardly. Specifically, the driving device 50 in this embodiment is a cylinder fixedly connected to the fixed seat 10, and the output shaft of the cylinder is connected to the side wall of the locking sleeve 30 through a connecting plate 52. When the cylinder is in motion, its power output shaft can drive the locking sleeve 30 to move to the lower position to be in a locked state and move to the upper position to be in an unlocked state.

[0043] See also Figure 2-Figure 4 The position recognition device is located on one side of the connecting plate 52, and includes a first proximity switch 81 located at the top and a second proximity switch 82 located at the bottom. The first proximity switch 81 is used to recognize whether the connecting plate 52 has moved to the upper position, and the second proximity switch 82 is used to recognize whether the connecting plate 52 has moved to the lower position.

[0044] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6In order to detect whether the broach chuck body 60 is in place, thereby ensuring the reliability of the locking of the broach chuck body 60, the boss portion 12 of the fixed seat 10 has a vent 17 that penetrates to the upper end surface of the boss portion 12 of the fixed seat 10, and the above-mentioned air tightness detection device is connected to the air inlet port 172 of the vent 17. Specifically, there are at least three air outlet ports 171 of the vent 17, and each air outlet port 171 is sequentially spaced along the circumference of the upper end surface of the boss portion 12 of the fixed seat 10. In this embodiment, there are three air outlet ports 171 of the vent 17, and three air outlet ports 171 are arranged on the circumference of the upper end surface of the boss portion 12, which can effectively detect whether the step surface 61 of the broach chuck body 60 and the upper end surface of the boss portion 12 of the fixed seat 10 are in a fitted state, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection of the broach chuck body 60 being replaced in place.

[0045] Combination Figure 5 In order to facilitate the processing and forming of the above-mentioned vent 17 on the boss part 12 of the fixing seat 10, the fixing seat 10 includes a fixing seat body 11 and a boss part 12 arranged on the fixing seat body 11. The fixing seat body 11 has a placement hole, and the lower end of the boss part 12 is arranged in the placement hole, and is limited in the axial direction by a step portion 14 provided on the outer peripheral wall of the boss part 12. The boss part 12 and the fixing seat body 11 are connected together by bolts. The above-mentioned vent 17 includes three axial sections 173 and a radial section 174, wherein the extension direction of the axial section 173 is substantially consistent with the axial direction of the boss part 12, and the extension direction of the radial section 174 is substantially consistent with the radial direction of the boss part 12. The radial section 174 passes through from the outer peripheral wall of the boss part 12 to one of the axial sections 173, and the outer end of the radial section 174 is the air inlet port 172 of the vent 17. An annular communication groove 13 is provided on the lower end surface of the step portion 14 of the boss body, and the lower ports of the three axial sections 173 are all connected to the annular communication groove 13. Two sealing rings 19 are provided in the annular communication groove 13. When the boss portion 12 and the fixed seat body 11 are assembled together, the two sealing rings 19 can achieve sealing at the joint position of the two to prevent the gas transported by the air tightness detection device from leaking at the position of the annular communication groove 13. The upper port of the axial section 173 is the above-mentioned gas outlet port. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the upper part of the axial section 173 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower part, that is, the caliber of the gas outlet port is smaller than the inner diameter of the main part of the axial section 173.

[0046] Combination Fig. 9, the external air source is connected to the air inlet port 172 of the above-mentioned vent 17 through the air tightness detection device. The air tightness detection device includes an air inlet pipe 71, a pressure sensor 72 and a control valve 73. The air inlet pipe 71 is connected to the air inlet port 172 of the vent 17, and the control valve 73 is arranged on the air inlet pipe 71 to control the on-off of the air inlet pipe 71. The control valve 73 of this embodiment can be specifically selected as a solenoid valve. The pressure sensor 72 is arranged on the air inlet pipe 71 and is correspondingly located between the vent 17 and the control valve 73.

[0047] The automatic replacement method of the broach chuck body comprises the following steps:

[0048] In the clamping step, after the manipulator 63 clamps the broach chuck body 60 to be assembled, it installs the broach chuck body 60 into the mounting hole 120 of the boss part 12 of the fixed seat 10, and then the manipulator 63 is released, and the cylinder starts to move, driving the locking sleeve 30 to slide along the axial direction of the boss part 12 of the fixed seat 10 to the lower position. When the locking sleeve 30 moves down to the set position, the locking sleeve 30 can act inwardly on the locking block 20 so that the locking block 20 is pressed against the broach chuck body 60 and remains in the locked state. The position recognition device can recognize whether the locking sleeve 30 has moved to the corresponding position of the locked state, and feed back the signal to the control system. If the locking sleeve has not moved to the set position, an alarm is issued. If the locking sleeve moves to the set position, the second proximity switch 82 of the position recognition device can recognize this and feed back the signal to the control system, and then the control system controls the air tightness detection device to perform the air tightness detection process.

[0049] Air tightness detection step. After the clamping step is completed, the control valve 73 of the air tightness detection device is opened, and the gas is introduced into the vent 17 of the fixed seat 10 through the air inlet pipe 71. After the pressure in the vent 17 reaches the set value (generally around 0.2MPa), the control valve 73 is closed. Then the control system determines whether the upper end surface of the convex column part 12 of the fixed seat 10 fits with the step surface 61 on the broach chuck body 60 through the gas pressure change detected by the pressure sensor, and then determines whether the broach chuck body 60 is clamped properly. If the gas pressure variation range detected by the pressure sensor 72 reaches or exceeds the preset value (such as when the gas pressure is equal to or lower than 0.15Mpa within the set time of 2s), it is determined that the clamping of the broaching chuck body 60 is unqualified and an alarm is issued; if the gas pressure variation range detected by the pressure sensor 72 does not exceed the preset value (such as when the gas pressure is not lower than 0.15Mpa within the set time of 2s), it is determined that the clamping of the broaching chuck body 60 is qualified and the replacement process of the broaching chuck body 60 is completed.

[0050] Disassembly step: when the broach chuck body 60 needs to be replaced, the cylinder starts to move, driving the locking sleeve 30 to slide to the upper position along the axial direction of the convex column part 12 of the fixing seat 10. When the locking sleeve 30 moves to the set position, the locking sleeve 30 is in the unlocked state. Under the action of the elastic member 40, the locking block 20 can automatically move outward along the through hole 15 of the convex column part 12 and partially extend into the positioning recess of the locking sleeve 30, thereby releasing the lock of the broach chuck body 60. The first proximity switch 81 of the position recognition device can recognize the unlocked state and feed back the signal to the control system. Then, the control system controls the manipulator 63 to move, take the broach chuck body 60 out of the mounting hole 120 of the convex column part 12 of the fixing seat 10, and place it in the predetermined position, completing the disassembly process of the broach chuck body 60. Then, the above clamping steps and airtightness detection steps are repeated in sequence to realize the replacement process of another broach chuck body 60.

Claims

1. An automatic replacement device for a broach chuck body, characterized in that: A locking device is included, the locking device comprising: A fixing seat (10) comprises a fixing seat body (11) and a convex column portion (12) arranged on the fixing seat body (11), wherein the convex column portion (12) is axially hollow to form a mounting hole (120) for the end of the broach chuck body (60) to be installed therein, and at least one through hole (15) penetrating the mounting hole (120) is radially opened on the peripheral wall, and the fixing seat body (11) has a placement hole, and the lower end of the convex column portion (12) is arranged in the placement hole; At least one locking block (20), the number of which is the same as the through holes (15), is disposed in the through holes and is capable of reciprocating along the length direction of the through holes; A locking sleeve (30) is movably sleeved outside the convex column portion (12) of the fixing seat (10), and has a locking state in which it acts inwardly on the locking block (20) to press the broach chuck body (60), and an unlocking state in which it releases the locking block to release the pressing of the broach chuck body; An elastic member (40) acts on the locking block (20) so that the locking block (20) always has a tendency to move outward along the length direction of the through hole (15); A manipulator (63) is located on one side of the fixing seat (10) and is used to place the broach chuck body (60) into the mounting hole (120) of the fixing seat (10) and to remove the broach chuck body (60) from the mounting hole (120) of the fixing seat (10); A driving device (50), wherein a power output end (51) is connected to the locking sleeve (30), thereby driving the locking sleeve (30) to slide axially along the convex column portion (12) of the fixing seat (10), and placing the locking sleeve (30) in a locked state in which the locking block (20) acts inwardly to press the broach chuck body (60), and in an unlocked state in which the locking block is released to release the pressing of the broach chuck body; A position recognition device, the position recognition device is located on one side of the locking sleeve (30), comprising a first proximity switch (81) located at the top and a second proximity switch (82) located at the bottom, the first proximity switch (81) being used to recognize whether the locking sleeve (30) has moved to a position corresponding to an unlocked state, and the second proximity switch (82) being used to recognize whether the locking sleeve (30) has moved to a position corresponding to a locked state; An air tightness detection device, wherein the upper end surface of the convex column part (12) of the fixing seat (10) can be fitted with a step surface (61) correspondingly arranged on the broach chuck body (60), and the convex column part (12) of the fixing seat (10) has a vent hole (17) penetrating to the upper end surface of the convex column part (12) of the fixing seat (10), and the vent hole (17) is connected to the air tightness detection device; The position identification device and the air-tightness detection device are both connected to the control system signal and are configured as follows: the position identification device identifies whether the locking sleeve has moved to the position corresponding to the locking state, and feeds back the signal to the control system. If the locking sleeve has not moved to the set position, an alarm is issued. If the locking sleeve moves to the set position, the second proximity switch of the position identification device can identify this and feed back the signal to the control system. Then the control system controls the air-tightness detection device to perform an air-tightness detection process to detect whether the broach chuck body is in place after replacement.

2. The automatic changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking sleeve (30) can slide along the axial direction of the convex column part (12) of the fixing seat (10); a pressing portion and a positioning recess are sequentially formed on the inner wall of the locking sleeve (30) along the axial direction thereof; when the locking sleeve (30) is in a locked state, the pressing portion of the locking sleeve (30) is shifted to a position corresponding to the through hole (15) and presses the locking block (20) inwardly; when the locking sleeve (30) is in an unlocked state, the pressing portion of the locking sleeve (30) is away from the through hole (15) so that a part of the locking block (20) is accommodated in the positioning recess.

3. The automatic changing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking sleeve (30) is divided into a small diameter portion (31) located at the upper part and a large diameter portion (32) located at the lower part along its axial direction. The inner diameter of the small diameter portion (31) is matched with the outer diameter of the convex column portion (12) of the fixing seat (10). A first guiding inclined surface (33) is formed between the small diameter portion (31) and the large diameter portion (32) of the locking sleeve (30). The first guiding inclined surface (33) constitutes the pressing portion, and the large diameter portion (32) constitutes the positioning recess. The locking block (20) has a second guiding inclined surface (21) corresponding to the first guiding inclined surface (33). The inclination direction of the second guiding inclined surface (21) is consistent with the inclination direction of the first guiding inclined surface (33).

4. The automatic changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of the locking block (20) has a positioning stop portion (22) that protrudes laterally relative to the wall surface of the locking block (20), and the elastic member (40) is a spring arranged between the positioning stop portion (22) and the convex column portion (12) of the fixing seat (10).

5. The automatic changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation channel (17) has at least three air outlet ports (171), and the air outlet ports (171) are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the circumference of the upper end surface of the convex column part (12) of the fixing seat (10).

6. The automatic changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air tightness detection device comprises an air intake pipe (71), a pressure sensor (72) and a control valve (73); the air intake pipe (71) is connected to an air intake port (172) of the air vent (17); the control valve (73) is arranged on the air intake pipe (71) and is used to control the on / off of the air intake pipe (71); the pressure sensor (72) is arranged on the air intake pipe (71) and is correspondingly located between the air vent (17) and the control valve (73).

7. An automatic reloading method of an automatic reloading device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The following steps are involved: The clamping step is that after the manipulator (63) clamps the broach chuck body (60) to be assembled, the broach chuck body (60) is installed into the mounting hole (120) of the boss part (12) of the fixing seat (10), and then the manipulator (63) is released, and the driving device (50) starts to operate, driving the locking sleeve (30) to slide along the axial direction of the boss part (12) of the fixing seat (10) to a lower position. When the locking sleeve (30) moves down to a set position, the locking sleeve (30) can act inwardly on the locking block (20) so that the locking block (20) is pressed against the broach chuck body (60) and maintained in a locked state. At the same time, the position recognition device can recognize whether the locking sleeve (30) moves to a position corresponding to the locked state, and feed back a signal to the control system. If the locking sleeve (30) does not move to the set position, an alarm is issued. If the locking sleeve (30) moves to the set position, the control system controls the air tightness detection device to perform an air tightness detection process. An air tightness detection step, after the clamping step is completed, the control valve (73) of the air tightness detection device is opened, and gas is introduced into the vent hole (17) of the fixed seat (10) through the air inlet pipe (71). After the pressure in the vent hole (17) reaches a set value, the control valve (73) is closed, and then the control system determines whether the upper end surface of the convex column part (12) of the fixed seat (10) and the step surface (61) on the broaching chuck body (60) are in contact with each other through the gas pressure change detected by the pressure sensor, and then determines whether the broaching chuck body (60) is clamped properly. If the gas pressure change range detected by the pressure sensor (72) reaches or exceeds the predetermined value, it is determined that the broaching chuck body (60) is clamped unqualified, and an alarm is issued. If the gas pressure change range detected by the pressure sensor does not exceed the predetermined value, it is determined that the broaching chuck body (60) is clamped properly, and the replacement process of the broaching chuck body (60) is completed.

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