Mine development system and development method of ramp and reverse shaft cooperation
Through the method of coordination between the ramp and the reverse excavation shaft, the problems of high construction costs and slow progress in the newly built mine are solved, and the mine development system is developed quickly, high safety and good ventilation performance is achieved, and the mining efficiency is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202010923039.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-09-04
AI Technical Summary
In new mines, the forward well excavation process in the existing technology has resulted in huge investment and slow infrastructure progress, and the inability to effectively utilize existing projects, resulting in high construction costs and long time, which affects economic benefits.
The mine development method is adopted that coordinates the ramp and reverse excavation shaft. Through the ramp segmented excavation and reverse excavation of vertical shafts, the pilot holes and holes are constructed simultaneously to form a connecting channel to achieve mutual conduction and improve construction speed and accuracy.
It reduces construction costs, improves construction speed, enhances safety and ventilation performance, and improves mining efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN112112682B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and in particular relates to a mine development system and a development method thereof in which a ramp and a reverse-dig shaft cooperate. Background Art
[0002] In the field of mining and other underground engineering, building a logistics channel leading to the underground is a prerequisite for engineering activities, which is called a development system in the mining field. The formation of the development system occupies most of the investment in mining infrastructure and also occupies most of the construction period of mining infrastructure; different ore body characteristics and mining processes also require different development methods.
[0003] In the prior art, the commonly used development systems include vertical shafts, ramps, inclined shafts, etc., as well as development systems formed by various combinations. Various development systems require forward excavation from the ground, that is, excavation from top to bottom to reach the mining location. With the development of technology, vertical shaft excavation has formed two shaft construction processes, forward and reverse. Reverse excavation is to excavate from the bottom to the top. New mine infrastructure shafts at home and abroad often adopt the forward excavation shaft solution. In some special regions or countries, the forward excavation shaft is subject to complex geological conditions or strict regulations and specifications, and compared with reverse excavation, it leads to huge investment in forward excavation shafts, slow infrastructure progress, and a long time to reach production, which ultimately directly affects the economic benefits of the project.
[0004] However, the existing reverse shaft construction process must have the prerequisite of existing projects. For example, the patent application document with patent publication number CN101967974A first constructs the vein-piercing project from the middle section of the mining project and the middle section of the prospecting project to the bottom of the original vertical shaft, and then reversely digs the vertical shaft from the middle section of the prospecting project and the middle section of the mining project from bottom to top to communicate with the original vertical shaft, and finally installs the well. The ore rock produced by the construction of each middle section and the waste rock produced during the shaft excavation are transported from the corresponding middle section inclined shaft to the middle section at the lowest elevation of the original shaft, and then lifted out of the well. This invention mainly uses the existing projects of the mine, such as the middle section of the existing mining project or the middle section of the prospecting project to construct the measures project to the bottom of the existing vertical shaft, and then reversely digs the vertical shaft from bottom to top to communicate with the original vertical shaft, and finally installs the well. For the newly built mine, when all the infrastructure projects have not been started, there is no existing project available underground, and only forward shaft digging can be used, so the investment is large and the infrastructure progress is slow. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.
[0006] To this end, an embodiment of one aspect of the present invention proposes a mine development method that cooperates with a ramp and a reverse shaft, which has low construction cost, fast construction speed and high safety.
[0007] Another embodiment of the present invention proposes a mine development system in which a ramp and a counter-excavation shaft cooperate. After completion, the ramp and the shaft can be connected to each other, and the ramp and the shaft have high safety, good ventilation performance, and high slag discharge efficiency.
[0008] The mine development method of the ramp and the reverse shaft according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention comprises:
[0009] Excavating the first ramp section from top to bottom until the first ramp section is excavated to a first preset position;
[0010] The first guide hole section is constructed from top to bottom until the bottom surface of the first guide hole section is excavated to a second preset position, and the height of the second preset position is substantially the same as that of the first preset position; the first communication channel is constructed between the first preset position and the second preset position, and one end of the first communication channel is connected to the first ramp section, and the other end of the first communication channel is connected to the first guide hole section;
[0011] Expanding the first guide hole section upward from the bottom of the first guide hole section until the hole is expanded to the top of the first guide hole section to form a first vertical shaft section, and at the same time, continuing to excavate the second ramp section downward from the first preset position;
[0012] Excavating the second ramp section to a third preset position, and continuing to construct a second guide hole section downward from the second preset position until the bottom surface of the second guide hole section is excavated to a fourth preset position, wherein the fourth preset position is substantially the same height as the third preset position;
[0013] Conducting construction of a second communication channel between the third preset position and the fourth preset position, wherein one end of the second communication channel is connected to the second ramp section, and the other end of the second communication channel is connected to the second guide hole section;
[0014] Expanding the second guide hole section upward from the bottom of the second guide hole section until the second guide hole section is expanded to the top of the second guide hole section to form a second shaft section, and at the same time, continuing to excavate the third ramp section downward from the third preset position;
[0015] Repeat the above steps until the ramp and shaft are excavated to the target depth.
[0016] According to the mine development method of the ramp and the reverse excavation shaft coordinated according to the embodiment of the present invention, when developing a new mine, the excavation of the ramp and the reverse excavation of the shaft can be carried out simultaneously, that is, the guide hole construction of the shaft can be carried out during the excavation of the ramp to form a first guide hole section, and then after the construction of the first connecting channel is completed, the first guide hole can be expanded from bottom to top, and at the same time, the excavation of the second ramp can be carried out from the first preset position at the same time. According to the mine development method of the ramp and the reverse excavation shaft coordinated according to the embodiment of the present invention, the ramp and the shaft are excavated in sections, and the reverse excavation of the shaft is carried out simultaneously, which can greatly improve the speed of construction and reduce the cost of construction, and the segmented reverse excavation of the shaft can be used to conveniently control the deflection angle of the shaft and improve the construction accuracy of the shaft.
[0017] In some embodiments, the first guide hole section and the second guide hole section are guided and expanded by a raise boring machine, and the raise boring machine is simultaneously relocated before the excavation construction of the second ramp section or the third ramp section is completed.
[0018] In some embodiments, after the first shaft section is formed, a lifting device is installed in the first shaft section, and / or after the second shaft section is formed, a lifting device is installed in the second shaft section, and the lifting device is used to transport debris generated during construction.
[0019] In some embodiments, an extension line of the first shaft section is colinear with an axis line of the second shaft section.
[0020] In some embodiments, there are multiple vertical shafts, one of which is a main shaft and another is a ventilation shaft.
[0021] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a mine development system in which a ramp and a counter-drilling shaft cooperate, comprises a ramp, a shaft and a communication passage, wherein the ramp and the shaft both extend underground, the ramp comprises a plurality of ramp sections, one of the plurality of ramp sections is a first ramp section, another of the ramp sections is a second ramp section, the bottom end of the first ramp section is connected with the top end of the second ramp, the shaft comprises a plurality of shaft sections, one of the plurality of shaft sections is a first shaft section, another of the shaft sections is a second shaft section, the bottom end of the first shaft section is connected with the top end of the second shaft section, there are a plurality of communication passages, one of the plurality of communication passages is a first communication passage, another of the communication passages is a second communication passage, one end of the first communication passage is connected with the first ramp section, the other end of the first communication passage is connected with the first shaft section, one end of the second communication passage is connected with the second ramp, and the other end of the second communication passage is connected with the second ramp.
[0022] According to the mine development system in which the ramp and the counter-excavation shaft cooperate with each other in the embodiment of the present invention, since both ends of the multiple communication channels are connected to the ramp and the shaft, the ramp and the shaft have multiple mutually connected safety exits, so that the ramp and the shaft are highly safe, and the ramp and the shaft are mutually connected, so that the working area of the underground mine has a good ventilation environment. In addition, the ramp and the shaft can cooperate with each other to discharge slag or transport ore, thereby improving the efficiency of mining.
[0023] In some embodiments, one end of the first communication channel is connected to the bottom end of the first ramp section, and the other end of the first communication channel is connected to the bottom end of the first vertical shaft section; one end of the second communication channel is connected to the bottom end of the second ramp section, and the other end of the second communication channel is connected to the bottom end of the second vertical shaft section, and the first communication channel and the second communication channel are arranged parallel to each other.
[0024] In some embodiments, an extension line of the first shaft section is colinear with an axis line of the second shaft section.
[0025] In some embodiments, there are multiple vertical shafts, one of which is a main shaft and another is a ventilation shaft.
[0026] In some embodiments, the ramp is at least one of a switchback ramp and a spiral ramp. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a mine development system in which a ramp and a counter-drilling shaft cooperate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0028] Reference numerals:
[0029] 1. ramp; 11. first ramp section; 111. first preset position; 12. second ramp section; 121. third preset position;
[0030] 2. Vertical shaft; 21. First vertical shaft section; 211. Second preset position; 22. Second vertical shaft section; 221. Fourth preset position; 23. Main shaft; 24. Air shaft;
[0031] 3. Communication channel; 31. First communication channel; 32. Second communication channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0033] Reference below Figure 1 A mine development method using a ramp and a counter-drilling shaft in coordination according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.
[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the mine development method of the ramp and the reverse shaft according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
[0035] The first ramp section 11 is excavated from top to bottom until the first ramp section 11 is excavated to a first preset position 111;
[0036] The first guide hole section is constructed from top to bottom until the bottom surface of the first guide hole section is excavated to the second preset position 211, and the height of the second preset position 211 is substantially the same as that of the first preset position 111;
[0037] The first communication channel 31 is constructed between the first preset position 111 and the second preset position 211, one end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the first ramp section 11, and the other end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the first guide hole section;
[0038] The first guide hole section is expanded upward from the bottom of the first guide hole section until it reaches the top of the first guide hole section to form a first shaft section 21. At the same time, the second ramp section 12 is excavated downward from the first preset position 111.
[0039] The second ramp section 12 is excavated to the third preset position 121, and the second guide hole section is constructed downward from the second preset position 211 until the bottom surface of the second guide hole section is excavated to the fourth preset position 221, and the fourth preset position 221 is substantially the same height as the third preset position 121;
[0040] The second communication channel 32 is constructed between the third preset position 121 and the fourth preset position 221, one end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the second ramp section 12, and the other end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the second guide hole section;
[0041] The second guide hole section is expanded upward from the bottom of the second guide hole section until it reaches the top of the second guide hole section to form a second shaft section 22. At the same time, the third ramp section is excavated downward from the third preset position 121.
[0042] The above steps are repeated until the ramp 1 and the shaft 2 are excavated to the target depth.
[0043] In some embodiments, when a new mine is being developed, the excavation of the ramp 1 and the reverse excavation of the shaft 2 can be carried out simultaneously, that is, the guide hole construction of the shaft 2 can be carried out during the excavation of the ramp 1 to form a first guide hole section, and then after the construction of the first communication channel 31 is completed, the first guide hole can be expanded from bottom to top, and at the same time, the excavation of the second ramp 1 can be carried out from the first preset position 111. According to the mine development method of the ramp and the reverse excavation shaft coordinated by the embodiment of the present invention, the ramp 1 and the shaft 2 are excavated in sections, and the reverse excavation of the shaft 2 is carried out simultaneously, which can greatly improve the speed of construction and reduce the cost of construction, and the method of reverse excavating the shaft 2 in sections can facilitate the control of the deflection angle of the shaft 2, improve the construction accuracy of the shaft 2, and the ramp 1 and the shaft 2 are connected to each other and serve as each other's exits, which improves the safety of the development system of the ramp 1 and the shaft 2.
[0044] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the first guide hole section and the second guide hole section are guided and expanded by the raise boring machine, and the raise boring machine is relocated before the excavation construction of the second ramp section 12 or the third ramp section is completed. In other words, after the guiding and expanding construction of the first guide hole section and the second guide hole section is completed, the raise boring machine is relocated immediately, without having to wait until the second ramp section 12 or the third ramp section is completed. The relocation of the raise boring machine is thus saved, and the mine development time is increased. The speed of construction is improved.
[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, after the first shaft section 21 is formed, a lifting device is installed in the first shaft section 21, or after the second shaft section 22 is formed, a lifting device is installed in the second shaft section 22, and the lifting device is used to transport the slag generated during the construction. Preferably, after the first shaft section 21 and the second shaft section 22 are formed, the lifting device is installed immediately, so that the partially completed shaft 2 can cooperate with the ramp 1 to jointly transport the slag generated during the construction of the ramp 1 and the shaft 2, further improving the construction speed of the mine development.
[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the extension line of the first shaft section 21 is colinear with the axis of the second shaft section 22, that is, the first shaft section 21 and the second shaft section 22 are located on the same axis. Since the shaft 2 is formed by reverse excavation in sections, the excavation angle of the shaft 2 can be corrected when each section of the shaft 2 is excavated, thereby avoiding the problem of the shaft 2 angle deviation caused by the one-time forming of the shaft 2 in the prior art. Therefore, the mine development method of the ramp and reverse excavation shaft in the embodiment of the present invention improves the accuracy of the shaft 2 construction.
[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple shafts 2. In the process of mine development with the ramp and the reverse excavation shaft, multiple shafts 2 can be excavated synchronously. For example, after the construction of the first ramp section 11 is completed, multiple first communication channels 31 can be excavated synchronously, and then connected with the first guide hole sections of the multiple shafts 2, and the reverse excavation and expansion construction of the multiple first guide hole sections can be carried out. Optionally, one shaft 2 of the multiple shafts 2 is the main shaft 23, and the other shaft 2 is the air shaft 24, that is, the main shaft 23 and the air shaft 24 can carry out reverse excavation construction synchronously. The main shaft 23 can cooperate with the ramp 1 to transport slag to solve the problem of low slag discharge efficiency of the long-distance ramp 1. The air shaft 24 can improve the ventilation environment of the mine working area, and the ramp 1, the main shaft 23 and the air shaft 24 are mutually safe exits, which improves the safety of the mine development system.
[0048] The mine development system of the ramp and the counter-excavation shaft according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises a ramp 1, a shaft 2 and a communication passage 3, wherein the ramp 1 and the shaft 2 both extend to the underground mining area.
[0049] like Figure 1As shown, the ramp 1 includes a plurality of ramp sections, one of which is the first ramp section 11, and another is the second ramp section 12, and the bottom end of the first ramp section 11 is connected to the top end of the second ramp 1. The shaft 2 includes a plurality of shaft sections, one of which is the first shaft section 21, and another is the second shaft section 22, and the bottom end of the first shaft section 21 is connected to the top end of the second shaft section 22. There are a plurality of communication channels 3, one of which is the first communication channel 31, and another is the second communication channel 32, one end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the first ramp section 11, and the other end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the first shaft section 21, one end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the second ramp 1, and the other end of the second communication channel is connected to the second ramp 1.
[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, one end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the bottom end of the first ramp section 11, and the other end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the bottom end of the first shaft section 21; one end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the bottom end of the second ramp section 12, and the other end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the bottom end of the second shaft section 22. The first communication channel 31 and the second communication channel 32 are arranged parallel to each other.
[0051] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple shafts 2, one of which is a main shaft 23, and another is a ventilation shaft 24. The main shaft 23 can cooperate with the ramp 1 to transport ore, and the ventilation shaft 24 can ventilate the underground mine and improve the ventilation environment of the mine working area. The main shaft 23 and the shaft 2 both include multiple shaft sections, and the cross-sectional areas of the multiple shaft sections are equal and the multiple shaft sections are located on the same axis.
[0052] Furthermore, the ramp 1 may be a switchback ramp, a spiral ramp, or a combination of a switchback ramp and a spiral ramp.
[0053] The following describes a mine development method using a ramp and a reverse shaft in coordination according to some specific examples of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the mine development method of the ramp and the reverse shaft according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
[0055] The first ramp section 11 is excavated from top to bottom until the first ramp section 11 is excavated to a first preset position 111;
[0056] The first guide hole section is constructed from top to bottom by using the guide drill bit of the raise boring machine until the bottom surface of the first guide hole section is excavated to the second preset position 211, and the second preset position 211 is at the same height as the first preset position 111; the first communication channel 31 is constructed between the first preset position 111 and the second preset position 211, and one end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the first ramp section 11, and the other end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the first guide hole section;
[0057] The guide drill bit of the raise boring machine is removed and replaced with a reaming drill bit, and the first guide hole section is expanded upward from the bottom of the first guide hole section until the hole is expanded to the top of the first guide hole section to form a first vertical shaft section 21. At the same time, the second ramp section 12 is excavated downward from the first preset position 111;
[0058] During the excavation construction of the second ramp section 12, the relocation construction of the raise boring machine was carried out simultaneously;
[0059] The second ramp section 12 is excavated to the third preset position 121, and the second guide hole section is constructed downward from the second preset position 211 by the guide drill bit of the raise boring machine until the bottom surface of the second guide hole section is excavated to the fourth preset position 221, and the fourth preset position 221 is at the same height as the third preset position 121;
[0060] The second communication channel 32 is constructed between the third preset position 121 and the fourth preset position 221, one end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the second ramp section 12, and the other end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the second guide hole section;
[0061] The guide drill bit of the raise boring machine is removed and replaced with a reaming drill bit, and the second guide hole section is expanded upward from the bottom of the second guide hole section until the second guide hole section is expanded to the top to form a second vertical shaft section 22. At the same time, the third ramp section is excavated downward from the third preset position 121;
[0062] The above steps are repeated until the ramp 1 and the shaft 2 are excavated to the target depth.
[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, after the first shaft section 21 and the second shaft section 22 are formed, lifting equipment is installed in the first shaft section 21 and the second shaft section 22, so that the partially completed shaft 2 can cooperate with the ramp 1 to jointly transport out the debris generated during the construction of the ramp 1 and the shaft 2, further improving the construction speed of mine development.
[0064] like Figure 1As shown, the extension line of the first shaft section 21 is colinear with the axis of the second shaft section 22 and has the same cross-sectional area. Since the shaft 2 is formed by reverse excavation in sections, the excavation angle of the shaft 2 can be corrected when each section of the shaft 2 is excavated, thereby avoiding the problem of the shaft 2 angle deviation caused by the one-time forming of the shaft 2 in the prior art. Therefore, the mine development method of the ramp and reverse excavation shaft in the embodiment of the present invention improves the accuracy of the shaft 2 construction.
[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, in the process of mine development in which the ramp and the reverse excavation shaft are coordinated, multiple shafts 2 can be excavated synchronously. After the construction of the first ramp section 11 is completed, the excavation of multiple first communication channels 31 is carried out synchronously, and then connected with the first guide hole sections of the multiple shafts 2, and the reverse excavation and expansion construction is carried out on the multiple first guide hole sections. For example, one shaft 2 among the multiple shafts 2 is the main shaft 23, and the other shaft 2 is the air shaft 24, that is, the main shaft 23 and the air shaft 24 can carry out reverse excavation construction synchronously. The main shaft 23 can cooperate with the ramp 1 to transport slag to solve the problem of low slag discharge efficiency of the long-distance ramp 1. The air shaft 24 can improve the ventilation environment of the mine working area, and the ramp 1, the main shaft 23 and the air shaft 24 are mutually safe exits, which improves the safety of the mine development system.
[0066] According to the mine development method of the ramp and the reverse excavation shaft coordinated in the embodiment of the present invention, the ramp 1 and the vertical shaft 2 are excavated in sections, and the reverse excavation of the vertical shaft 2 is carried out simultaneously, which can greatly improve the construction speed and reduce the construction cost. In addition, the method of reverse excavating the vertical shaft 2 in sections can facilitate the control of the deflection angle of the vertical shaft 2 and improve the construction accuracy of the vertical shaft 2. The ramp 1 and the vertical shaft 2 are connected to each other and serve as each other's exits, thereby improving the safety of the development system of the ramp 1 and the vertical shaft 2.
[0067] The following describes a mine development system in which a ramp and a counter-drilling shaft cooperate according to some specific examples of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, the mine development system of the ramp and the counter-excavation shaft comprises a ramp 1, a shaft 2 and a connecting passage 3, wherein the ramp 1 and the shaft 2 both extend to the underground mining area.
[0069] like Figure 1As shown, the ramp 1 includes a plurality of ramp sections, one of which is the first ramp section 11, another of which is the second ramp section 12, and the bottom end of the first ramp section 11 is connected to the top end of the second ramp 1. The shaft 2 includes a plurality of shaft sections, one of which is the first shaft section 21, another of which is the second shaft section 22, and the bottom end of the first shaft section 21 is connected to the top end of the second shaft section 22. There are a plurality of communication channels 3, one of which is the first communication channel 31, and another of which is the second communication channel 32. One end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the first ramp section 11, and the other end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the first shaft section 21, one end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the second ramp 1, and the other end of the second communication channel is connected to the second ramp 1.
[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, one end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the bottom end of the first ramp section 11, and the other end of the first communication channel 31 is connected to the bottom end of the first shaft section 21; one end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the bottom end of the second ramp section 12, and the other end of the second communication channel 32 is connected to the bottom end of the second shaft section 22. The first communication channel 31 and the second communication channel 32 are arranged parallel to each other.
[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple vertical shafts 2, one of which is a main shaft 23, and another is a ventilation shaft 24; the main shaft 23 and the vertical shaft 2 both include multiple vertical shaft sections, the cross-sectional areas of the multiple vertical shaft sections are equal and the multiple vertical shaft sections are located on the same axis.
[0072] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the mine development system developed by the mine development method of the coordinated ramp and the reverse excavation shaft adopts the segmented excavation of the ramp 1 and the vertical shaft 2, and the reverse excavation construction of the vertical shaft 2 is carried out simultaneously. After the completion, the ramp 1 and the vertical shaft 2 are interconnected, and the ramp 1 and the vertical shaft 2 have high safety, good ventilation performance, and high slag discharge efficiency.
[0073] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0074] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0075] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0076] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0077] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0078] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A mine development method using a ramp and a reverse shaft, characterized in that: include: Excavating the first ramp section from top to bottom until the first ramp section is excavated to a first preset position; The first guide hole section is constructed from top to bottom until the bottom surface of the first guide hole section is excavated to a second preset position, and the second preset position is at the same height as the first preset position; Conduct construction of a first communication channel between the first preset position and the second preset position, wherein one end of the first communication channel is connected to the first ramp section, and the other end of the first communication channel is connected to the first guide hole section; Expanding the first guide hole section upward from the bottom of the first guide hole section until the hole is expanded to the top of the first guide hole section to form a first vertical shaft section, and at the same time, continuing to excavate the second ramp section downward from the first preset position; Excavating the second ramp section to a third preset position, and continuing to construct the second guide hole section downward from the second preset position, until the bottom surface of the second guide hole section is excavated to a fourth preset position, and the fourth preset position is at the same height as the third preset position; Conducting construction of a second communication channel between the third preset position and the fourth preset position, wherein one end of the second communication channel is connected to the second ramp section, and the other end of the second communication channel is connected to the second guide hole section; Expanding the second guide hole section upward from the bottom of the second guide hole section until the second guide hole section is expanded to the top of the second guide hole section to form a second shaft section, and at the same time, continuing to excavate the third ramp section downward from the third preset position; Repeat the above steps until the ramp and shaft are excavated to the target depth; An extension line of the first shaft section is collinear with an axis line of the second shaft section; There are multiple vertical shafts, one of which is a main shaft and another one is a ventilation shaft.
2. The mine development method of the ramp and the reverse shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first guide hole section and the second guide hole section are guided and expanded by a raise boring machine, and before the excavation construction of the second ramp section or the third ramp section is completed, the raise boring machine is simultaneously relocated.
3. The mine development method of the ramp and the reverse shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the first shaft section is formed, a lifting device is installed in the first shaft section. And / or, after the second shaft section is formed, a lifting device is installed in the second shaft section, and the lifting device is used to transport debris generated during construction.
4. A mine development system with a ramp and a reverse shaft, characterized in that: It includes a ramp, a shaft and a communication passage, wherein the ramp and the shaft both extend underground. The ramp includes a plurality of ramp sections, one of the plurality of ramp sections is a first ramp section, another of the ramp sections is a second ramp section, a bottom end of the first ramp section is connected to a top end of the second ramp, The vertical shaft comprises a plurality of vertical shaft sections, one of the plurality of vertical shaft sections is a first vertical shaft section, another vertical shaft section is a second vertical shaft section, the bottom end of the first vertical shaft section is connected to the top end of the second vertical shaft section, There are multiple communication channels, one of which is a first communication channel, and another communication channel is a second communication channel. One end of the first communication channel is connected to the first ramp section, and the other end of the first communication channel is connected to the first shaft section. One end of the second communication channel is connected to the second ramp, and the other end of the second communication channel is connected to the second ramp. One end of the first communication channel is connected to the bottom end of the first ramp section, and the other end of the first communication channel is connected to the bottom end of the first shaft section; one end of the second communication channel is connected to the bottom end of the second ramp section, and the other end of the second communication channel is connected to the bottom end of the second shaft section, and the first communication channel and the second communication channel are arranged parallel to each other; An extension line of the first shaft section is collinear with an axis line of the second shaft section; There are multiple vertical shafts, one of which is a main shaft and another one is a ventilation shaft.
5. The mine development system of the ramp and the reverse shaft according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The ramp is at least one of a return ramp and a spiral ramp.