Anti-falling composite structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-falling composite structure and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the field of construction. The present invention first installs an anti-falling component on the working surface and then sprays a fiber material to form a fiber spray coating, and the fiber spray coating is porous, elastic, and has excellent sound absorption and thermal insulation performance. Through the design of the anti-falling component, the present invention can, on the one hand, provide three-dimensional support for the sprayed fiber layer to ensure that the coating does not fall off under conditions such as rainwater leakage and base surface vibration, thereby improving the reliability and scope of application of the fiber spray coating; on the other hand, the anti-falling composite structure formed by the anti-falling component and the fiber spray coating has obvious control over low-frequency noise. The anti-falling construction method of the present invention is suitable for various fiber sound absorption and thermal insulation spraying projects under vibration and leakage environments, as well as fiber spraying with a thickness of more than 40 mm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of construction, and particularly relates to an anti-falling composite structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fiber spraying uses a special fiber spraying machine to deliver fiber cotton to the nozzle, and then mix it with the mist adhesive liquid sprayed around the nozzle and spray it onto the working surface. After drying, a smooth, rough, and seamless fiber coating is formed. Since the coating formed by fiber spraying has excellent sound absorption, heat preservation and anti-condensation properties, and can be directly sprayed on the base surface of any shape and any material, it has a simple structure, convenient and fast construction, and saves materials and labor. Therefore, it is widely used in various occasions, such as: indoor architectural acoustics engineering of halls and venues, noise control engineering in highway subway tunnels, railway stations, indoor parking lots, equipment rooms, thermal insulation engineering in buildings, indoor swimming pools, air conditioning pipeline anti-condensation engineering, etc. It is a multifunctional special environmentally friendly material that has been promoted and used in recent years.

[0003] In general, if you select a suitable water-based binder and prepare the mixed liquid as required, and spray the fiber coating according to the procedure, the fiber coating will not bulge or fall off after drying and curing for 10 years. However, in the following cases, the fiber coating will bulge or even fall off:

[0004] 1. The fiber spray material uses water-based emulsion as an adhesive and does not have a waterproof function. When the fiber coating sprayed on the basement roof, tunnel vault, and fully enclosed sound barrier ceiling encounters water leakage, it will cause the fiber sound-absorbing and thermal insulation coating to fall off over a large area;

[0005] 2. There is no rigorous data on the weather resistance of fiber coatings in operating environments with large rigid vibration and high air humidity, such as highway tunnels, soundproof sheds, railway station road ceilings, sound-absorbing spraying in equipment rooms, and insulation of the top plate of the first floor of civil buildings. When the thickness of the fiber spray coating is ≥40mm, the fiber spray coating is prone to bulging or even falling off.

[0006] 3. Control of low-frequency noise. After the equipment room is sprayed with fiber materials, the medium and high-frequency noise can be effectively controlled, but the low-frequency noise is not greatly improved. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems that the existing fiber spraying materials are easy to fall off after long-term use and have poor control over low-frequency noise, the present invention provides an anti-falling composite structure and a construction method thereof.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an anti-falling composite structure, comprising a building base and an anti-falling component, wherein the anti-falling component is installed on the surface of the building base;

[0009] A fiber spray coating, wherein the fiber spray coating is composed of inorganic fibers and a water-based adhesive, and the fiber spray coating is sprayed on a side of the anti-falling component away from the building base, and the anti-falling component is completely covered by the fiber spray coating;

[0010] The pulling force of the anti-falling component is greater than the weight of the fiber spray layer.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anti-falling component includes a base and a plurality of tie rods, the base is in contact with the surface of the base layer of the building, and the tie rods are connected to the base.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base includes a fixing surface and a plurality of connecting surfaces, the fixing surface is always parallel to the base of the building, and the connecting surfaces are connected to the edges of the fixing surface.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a mounting hole, wherein the mounting hole is opened on the fixing surface.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bonding strength of the fiber spray layer is ≥5.0 kPa.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pull rod is 5 to 10 mm away from a side of the fiber spray layer away from the building base.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fiber spray layer needs to be sprayed with a thickness of ≥20 mm.

[0017] A construction method for an anti-falling composite structure is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1, preparing fiber cotton and bonding liquid;

[0019] Step 2, after the surface of the base layer of the building to be constructed is cleaned, the anti-falling component is installed on the surface of the base layer of the building;

[0020] Step 3, the prepared fiber cotton and adhesive liquid are sent to a sprayer, and sprayed on the anti-shedding structure base surface by the sprayer until the spraying material completely covers the anti-shedding component to form the fiber spray layer;

[0021] The sprayer meets the following requirements: fan pressure 8-15Mpa, water pump pressure 1.0-1.5Mpa, adhesive mixed liquid flow rate 20-25L / min, sprayer muzzle 0.90-1.10m from the anti-drop component base surface, sprayer muzzle vertical angle toward the anti-drop component base surface maintained at 90 0 ±10 0 within the range.

[0022] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the density of installing the anti-falling components on the surface of the building base in step 2 is 2-3 pieces / ㎡, and the number of the anti-falling components can be increased or decreased according to actual needs.

[0023] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the position where the anti-falling component is installed on the surface of the building base in step 2 can be determined according to actual needs.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. The present invention first installs an anti-falling component on the working surface and then sprays the fiber material. The fiber layer formed by spraying is porous and elastic, and has the properties of absorbing energy, storing air and insulating heat;

[0026] 2. The present invention can provide three-dimensional support for the fiber spray layer through the design of the anti-falling component, ensuring that the fiber spray layer does not fall off in the event of leakage or vibration. On the other hand, the anti-falling component and the fiber spray layer form a composite structure, which has obvious control over low-frequency noise.

[0027] 3. The present invention is applicable to various fiber sound absorption and thermal insulation spraying projects under vibration and leakage environments, as well as fiber spraying with a thickness of more than 40 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-falling component of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composite structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-falling component of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the composite structure of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-falling component of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the composite structure of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-falling component of Example 4 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the composite structure of Example 4 of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Building base; 2. Anti-falling component; 3. Fiber spray layer; 4. Base; 5. Pull rod; 6. Mounting hole; 7. Fixing surface; 8. Connection surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement, expressions and numerical values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and devices known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and devices should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0038] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations).

[0039] The anti-shedding composite structure described in the present invention comprises a building base 1, an anti-shedding component 2 and a fiber spray layer 3, wherein the anti-shedding component 2 is installed on the surface of the building base 1; the fiber spray layer 3 is sprayed on the side of the anti-shedding component 2 away from the building base 1, and the anti-shedding component 2 is completely covered by the fiber spray layer 3. The fiber spray layer 3 is composed of inorganic fibers and water-based adhesives, and the tensile force of the anti-shedding component 2 is greater than the weight of the fiber spray layer 3; during the spraying construction, the fiber spray layer 3 contains fibers and adhesives (theoretically, each fiber must be adhered to a mixture of adhesive and water), and the anti-shedding component 2 must bear the sum of the weight of the fibers and the water-adhesive mixture.

[0040] The anti-falling member 2 includes a base 4 and a plurality of tie rods 5, wherein the base 4 contacts the surface of the building base 1, and the tie rods 5 are connected to the base 4. The base 4 includes a fixing surface 7 and a plurality of connecting surfaces 8, wherein the fixing surface 7 is always parallel to the building base 1, and the connecting surfaces 8 are connected to the edges of the fixing surface 7; and further includes a mounting hole 6, wherein the mounting hole 6 is opened on the fixing surface 7.

[0041] The fiber spray coating 1 has an adhesive strength of ≥5.0 kPa, and a volume density of the fiber spray coating 1: the fiber spray coating 1 is mainly inorganic fiber or plant fiber, wherein the inorganic fiber includes mineral fiber (density ≤240 kg / m3), glass fiber (density ≤60-115 kg / m3), and the plant fiber density is ≤220 kg / m3. The base 4 and the pull rod 5 are 10-15 mm away from the side of the fiber spray coating 3 away from the building base 1, and the fiber spray coating 3 needs to be sprayed with a thickness of ≥20 mm.

[0042] The base 4 is made of 1.5-2.0 mm thick galvanized steel plate and the pull rod 5 is made of 9-11# galvanized iron wire to ensure that the anti-falling component 2 is sufficient to support the tension of the fiber spray layer 3 and meet the A1 grade (non-combustible) fire protection requirements of building insulation (sound absorption) spray materials.

[0043] In order to obtain the above-mentioned anti-falling composite structure, the present invention provides a construction method of the anti-falling composite structure, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Prepare fiber cotton and adhesive.

[0045] Step 2, after cleaning the dust and dirt on the building base 1 with compressed air or clean water, install the anti-falling component 2 on the surface of the building base 1, fix the fixing surface 7 of the anti-falling component 2 to the surface of the building base 1 by bonding or through the mounting holes 6 and bolts, and then stretch the tie rod 5 between adjacent bases 4 to form a mesh structure between the base 4 and the tie rod 5. The installation density of the base 4 and the tie rod 5 is 2-3 pieces / ㎡, and the installation position can be increased or decreased according to construction requirements.

[0046] Step 3, the prepared fiber cotton and adhesive liquid are fed into a sprayer, and sprayed on the side of the anti-falling component 2 installed away from the building base 1, to form the fiber spray layer 3;

[0047] The sprayer meets the following requirements: fan pressure 8-15Mpa, water pump pressure 1.0-1.5Mpa, adhesive mixed liquid flow rate 20-25L / min, sprayer muzzle 0.90-1.10m from the anti-drop component base surface, sprayer muzzle vertical angle toward the anti-drop component base surface maintained at 90 0 ±10 0 The working index and construction requirement can improve the density of the fiber spray layer 3.

[0048] After spraying is completed, use a trowel to smooth and trim the wall surface. After smoothing, clean the spraying site and allow the spray layer to dry naturally. In the later stage, regular natural maintenance of the spray layer is required.

[0049] Four specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the base 4 of the anti-dropping member 2 in this embodiment is composed of a fixing surface 7 and two connecting surfaces 8, the two connecting surfaces 8 and the fixing surface 7 form a trapezoidal structure, and the pull rod 5 passes through the two connecting surfaces 8. The fixing surface 7 of the anti-dropping member 2 is fixed to the surface of the building base 1 by an adhesive, or a hole is opened on the fixing surface 7 to fix the anti-dropping member 2 to the building base 1 with bolts.

[0052] This embodiment is applicable to any environment where the fiber spray layer 3 is 20-30 mm thick. The anti-falling component 2 in this embodiment can meet the requirements of anti-falling, sound absorption, sound insulation, fire prevention, and heat preservation while reducing the production cost of the anti-falling composite structure. It is also convenient to adjust the distance between the pull rod 5 and the base layer 1 of the infrastructure.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the anti-drop component 2 in this embodiment includes the base 4 and the two pull rods 5, wherein the base 4 is composed of a fixing surface 7 and two connecting surfaces 8, the two connecting surfaces 8 are arranged perpendicular to the fixing surface 7, and the two pull rods 5 are arranged in parallel and both penetrate the two connecting surfaces 8. The fixing surface 7 of the anti-drop component 2 is fixed to the surface of the building base 1 by an adhesive, or a hole is opened on the fixing surface 7 to fix the anti-drop component 2 to the building base 1 with bolts.

[0055] This embodiment is applicable to the building base layer 1 as the base beam and column. In this case, the thickness of the fiber spray layer 3 is greater than 40 mm, generally 40 to 70 mm thick for thermal insulation projects, 20 to 30 mm for sound absorption projects, and 40 to 50 mm for sound insulation. Therefore, the corresponding thickness of the fiber spray layer 3 for acoustic and thermal insulation projects needs to be calculated according to the design specifications.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the anti-drop component 2 in this embodiment includes the base 4 and the two pull rods 5, wherein the base 4 is composed of a fixing surface 7 and two connecting surfaces 8, the two connecting surfaces 8 are arranged perpendicular to the fixing surface 7, and the two pull rods 5 are arranged crosswise and both penetrate the two connecting surfaces 8. The fixing surface 7 of the anti-drop component 2 is fixed to the surface of the building base 1 by an adhesive, or a hole is opened on the fixing surface 7 to fix the anti-drop component 2 to the building base 1 with bolts.

[0058] This embodiment is applicable to any installation environment. The thickness of the fiber spray coating 3 is greater than 40 mm, generally 40 to 70 mm thick for thermal insulation projects, 20 to 30 mm for sound absorption projects, and 40 to 50 mm for sound insulation. Therefore, the corresponding thickness of the fiber spray coating 3 for acoustic and thermal insulation projects needs to be calculated according to the design specifications.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the anti-drop component 2 in this embodiment includes the base 4 and the two pull rods 5, wherein the base 4 is composed of a fixing surface 7 and four connecting surfaces 8, the four connecting surfaces 8 are vertically arranged with the fixing surface 7 to form a box structure, and the two pull rods 5 are vertically cross-arranged and respectively penetrate the two connecting surfaces 8. The fixing surface 7 of the anti-drop component 2 is fixed to the surface of the building base 1 by an adhesive, or a hole is opened on the fixing surface 7 to fix the anti-drop component 2 to the building base 1 with bolts.

[0061] This embodiment is applicable to any installation environment. The thickness of the fiber spray layer 3 is greater than 40 mm. The corresponding thickness of the acoustic and thermal insulation engineering of the fiber spray layer 3 needs to be calculated according to the design specifications.

[0062] The construction method of the present invention first installs an anti-falling component on the working surface and then sprays the fiber material. The fiber layer formed by spraying is porous and elastic, and has the properties of absorbing energy, storing air and insulating heat. Through the design of the anti-falling component, on the one hand, it can provide three-dimensional support for the sprayed fiber layer to ensure that the coating does not fall off in the case of leakage. On the other hand, the anti-falling component and the coating form a composite structure, which has obvious control over low-frequency noise.

[0063] The anti-falling construction method of the invention is suitable for various fiber sound absorption and thermal insulation spraying projects under vibration and leakage environments and fiber spraying with a thickness of more than 40 mm.

Claims

1. An anti-falling composite structure, comprising a building base, characterized in that: include: An anti-falling component, wherein the anti-falling component is installed on the surface of the base of the building; A fiber spray coating, wherein the fiber spray coating is composed of inorganic fibers and a water-based adhesive, and the fiber spray coating is sprayed on a side of the anti-falling component away from the building base, and the anti-falling component is completely covered by the fiber spray coating; The anti-falling component includes a base and a plurality of tie rods, wherein the base contacts the surface of the base layer of the building, and the tie rods are connected to the base; The base includes a fixing surface and a plurality of connecting surfaces, wherein the fixing surface is always parallel to the base of the building, and the connecting surfaces are connected to the edges of the fixing surface; The pull rods are stretched between adjacent bases to form a mesh structure between the bases and the pull rods; The pulling force of the anti-falling component is greater than the weight of the fiber spray layer.

2. The anti-falling composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mounting hole, which is opened on the fixing surface.

3. The anti-falling composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber spray layer has a bonding strength of ≥5.0 kPa.

4. The anti-falling composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull rod is 5 to 10 mm away from the side of the fiber spray layer away from the building base.

5. The anti-falling composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber spray layer needs to be sprayed with a thickness of ≥20 mm.

6. A construction method for an anti-falling composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, preparing fiber cotton and bonding liquid; Step 2, after the surface of the base layer of the building to be constructed is cleaned, the anti-falling component is installed on the surface of the base layer of the building; Step 3, the prepared fiber cotton and adhesive liquid are sent to a sprayer, and sprayed on the anti-shedding structure base surface by the sprayer until the spraying material completely covers the anti-shedding component to form the fiber spray layer; Among them, the sprayer meets the following requirements: fan pressure 8~15Mpa, water pump pressure 1.0~1.5Mpa, adhesive mixed liquid flow rate 20~25L / min, the sprayer muzzle is 0.90~1.10 meters away from the base surface of the anti-falling component, and the angle of the sprayer muzzle toward the vertical direction of the base surface of the anti-falling component is maintained within the range of 90°±10°.

7. The construction method of the anti-falling composite structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 2, the density of installing the anti-falling components on the surface of the building base is 2-3 pieces / ㎡, and the number of the anti-falling components can be increased or decreased according to actual needs.

8. The construction method of the anti-falling composite structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The position where the anti-falling component is installed on the surface of the building base in step 2 can be determined according to actual needs.

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