Black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device for natural gas transmission pipeline network and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device for a natural gas transmission pipeline network and a method for using the same. The device includes a container barrel, a black powder adsorber, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. An end cap is provided at the top of the container barrel, the black powder adsorber is provided in the upper part of the container barrel, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively connected to the lower part and the upper part of the container barrel, and an inlet ball valve and an outlet ball valve are provided in the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe respectively; a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the container barrel, and a valve is provided on the discharge pipe. The present invention discloses a black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device for a natural gas transmission pipeline network, which captures black powder by combining a permanent magnet rod with a permanent magnet conical spiral coil, has the advantages of high separation efficiency and strong filtering effect, and overcomes the disadvantages of the existing black powder treatment method; at the same time, a relationship between the total amount of black powder in the entire pipeline and the pressure value in the pipeline can be established, which is of great significance for judging the composition of pipeline black powder and cause analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy transportation technology, and in particular to a black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device for a natural gas transmission pipeline network and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Black powder is a common pollutant in long-distance natural gas pipelines and networks. It is composed of iron sulfide, iron carbonate, iron oxide, sulfur, sand, etc. Black powder can cause a series of problems such as decreased pipeline transmission volume, blockage of instruments and valves, and reduced compression efficiency of compressors, which seriously affect the normal transmission of natural gas and the normal use of downstream users. The problem of black powder contaminating transmission pipelines first appeared in countries where natural gas pipelines were built earlier, such as the United States and Canada. In recent years, with the large-scale construction and operation of gas pipelines in my country, black powder has gradually appeared in the gas pipeline network.

[0003] The "black powder" problem in CNOOC's offshore gas pipelines is particularly common, which accelerates the corrosion growth of the inner wall of the pipeline, pollutes important valves and metering and pressure regulating equipment, etc. However, the "black powder" problem of natural gas pipelines has not received enough attention in China. Since the dust content of the pipeline gas at the compressor inlet of the long-distance pipeline network is required to be micron-level, in some areas, after the natural gas source is mixed with the liquefied natural gas (LNG) source and the gas source of external enterprises, the cyclone separators and horizontal filters of the sub-transmission stations or terminal stations that rely on cumulative dust removal often reduce the cumulative efficiency due to the poor selectivity of the filtration efficiency to the particle size, and the actual effect does not reach the design performance, and the problem is often more difficult.

[0004] Literature research such as "Distribution Patterns and Removal Measures of Black Powder in Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines" (see "Petroleum and Natural Gas Chemical Engineering" Vol. 47, No. 6), "A Brief Analysis of the Causes of Black Powder Accumulation in Natural Gas Pipelines" (see "Chemical Management" May 2018 journal article) and actual industry practices indicate that the current methods for handling black powder in natural gas pipelines mainly include the following: One is to rely on traditional natural gas station filters for treatment, but the filter element needs to be replaced regularly and the practical operation is difficult; the other is to clean the transmission pipeline regularly, but it is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming, with a large workload, but may also cause pipeline blockage and serious blockage of instrument valves at natural gas stations due to insufficient estimation of the amount of black powder.

[0005] In addition, the current method for handling black powder in natural gas pipelines mainly relies on cyclone separators and horizontal filters at distribution stations or gas transmission terminals to handle mixtures of black powder and other impurities, free water, etc. Cyclone separators and horizontal filters are not only easily clogged by free water, causing a significant drop in separation efficiency, but also because their own filtration accuracy is at the micron level, which is relatively close to the submicron particle size of iron-based black powder, so their filtration effect on iron-based black powder is poor. Moreover, the filters used in natural gas stations are generally fixed at the station and cannot be moved. They are also not suitable for real-time monitoring and evaluation of the distribution of black powder in any section of the natural gas pipeline. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device for a natural gas transmission pipeline network and a method of using the same, so as to solve the problems of low separation efficiency, poor filtration effect and unsuitability for real-time monitoring and evaluation of the distribution of black powder in any section of a natural gas pipeline in existing black powder treatment methods.

[0007] The present invention provides a device for sampling and real-time monitoring black powder in a natural gas transmission pipeline network, comprising a container barrel, a black powder adsorber, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, wherein an end cover is arranged at the top end of the container barrel, the black powder adsorber is arranged in the upper part of the container barrel, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively connected with the lower part and the upper part of the container barrel, and an air inlet ball valve and an air outlet ball valve are respectively arranged in the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe; a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the container barrel, and a valve is arranged on the discharge pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the black powder adsorber is detachably arranged in the upper part of the container barrel; the black powder adsorber comprises a top plate, a plurality of permanent magnet bars and a permanent magnet conical spiral coil, the top plate cover is arranged on the top of the container barrel, the plurality of permanent magnet bars are perpendicular to the lower surface of the top plate, the starting end of the permanent magnet conical spiral coil is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate, the permanent magnet conical spiral coil is spirally wound downwardly around the permanent magnet bar on the outside to form a spiral coil with multiple ramps, and the adjacent ramps of the spiral coil are closely arranged.

[0009] Preferably, the end cover is a quick-open end cover, and a handle ring is provided on the end cover.

[0010] Preferably, a pressure gauge is provided on the air inlet pipe, and an air inlet flow meter and an air outlet flow meter are respectively provided on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, wherein the air inlet ball valve, the pressure gauge and the air inlet flow meter are sequentially arranged on the air inlet pipe from the natural gas inlet direction to the outlet direction, and the air outlet flow meter and the air outlet ball valve are sequentially arranged on the air outlet pipe from the natural gas inlet direction to the outlet direction.

[0011] Preferably, an air inlet pipe joint is provided at the lower part of the container barrel, and the air inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe joint are sealed and connected via a flange; an air outlet pipe joint is provided at the upper part of the container barrel, and the air outlet pipe and the air outlet pipe joint are sealed and connected via a flange.

[0012] Preferably, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively arranged on both sides of the container barrel.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of supporting legs are provided at the bottom of the container barrel.

[0014] Preferably, the lower portion of the container barrel is configured as a black powder accumulation portion, and the black powder accumulation portion is used to load black powder particles falling from the black powder adsorber.

[0015] Preferably, a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the container barrel, and a discharge gate valve and a discharge ball valve are provided on the discharge pipe, wherein the discharge ball valve is provided close to the air outlet end of the discharge pipe, and the discharge gate valve is provided close to the air inlet end of the discharge pipe.

[0016] The present invention also relates to a method for using the above-mentioned natural gas transmission pipeline network black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step S1: The natural gas mixed with black powder enters from the air inlet pipe located at the lower part of the container barrel, passes through the air inlet ball valve, the pressure gauge and the air inlet flow meter in sequence, enters the interior of the container barrel, and passes through the black powder adsorber in sequence from bottom to top. Several permanent magnet bars and permanent magnet conical spiral rings in the black powder adsorber quickly contact the natural gas mixed with black powder, and the iron-based black powder and non-iron-based black powder in the black powder are adsorbed, while the natural gas moves to the upper part of the container barrel and flows into the air outlet pipe, passes through the air outlet flow meter and the air outlet ball valve in sequence, and flows out from the outlet of the air outlet pipe;

[0018] Step S2: continue for a period of time;

[0019] Step S3: close the inlet ball valve and the outlet ball valve to isolate the black powder in the container barrel;

[0020] Step S4: Open the discharge pipe at the bottom of the container barrel, collect the black powder discharged from the outlet of the discharge pipe, and continuously monitor the pressure value change of the pressure gauge until the normal pressure condition is restored;

[0021] Step S5: Sampling and weighing of black powder in the black powder adsorber:

[0022] Step S6: According to the real-time monitoring time of the black powder adsorber, the flow changes of the inlet flowmeter and the outlet flowmeter, the pressure value P of the pressure gauge, and the mass change of the black powder in the black powder adsorber, a relationship between the total amount of black powder W in the entire pipeline and the pressure value P in the pipeline is established.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The present invention proposes a sampling and real-time monitoring device for black powder in a natural gas transmission pipeline network, wherein the adsorption of black powder mainly relies on a black powder adsorber, and based on the principle that a permanent magnet adsorbs iron-based black powder and carries non-iron-based black powder, a method combining a permanent magnet rod and a permanent magnet conical spiral ring is used to capture black powder, which has the advantages of high separation efficiency and strong filtering effect, and overcomes the disadvantages of existing black powder treatment methods; through the sampling and real-time monitoring device and calculating the real-time monitoring time and the natural gas flow flowing through the black powder adsorber, a relationship between the total amount of black powder in the entire pipeline and the pressure value in the pipeline is established, which is of great significance for judging the composition of pipeline black powder, analyzing the cause, locating the section with a large amount of black powder in the pipeline, adjusting the replacement cycle of the filter element of the station filter, replacing the filter element accuracy, and sampling the black powder in the pipeline in real time to resolve trade disputes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for real-time monitoring and sampling of black powder in a natural gas transmission network provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a black powder adsorber provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A top view of the connection between the top plate and the permanent magnet rod of the black powder adsorber provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Example 1 provides a device for sampling and real-time monitoring of black powder in a natural gas transmission pipeline network, and its structure is described in detail below.

[0030] refer to Figure 1 The natural gas transmission pipeline network black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device comprises a container barrel 1, the top of the container barrel 1 is provided with an end cover 11, and the end cover 11 is airtightly connected to the container barrel 1.

[0031] A black powder adsorber 2 is arranged in the container barrel 1, and the lower and upper parts of the container barrel 1 are respectively connected with an air inlet pipe 3 and an air outlet pipe 4, wherein the air inlet pipe 3 is used to communicate with the natural gas pipeline of the upstream gas transmission station, and the air outlet pipe 4 is used to communicate with the natural gas delivery pipeline of the downstream gas transmission station. Preferably, the air inlet pipe 3 is connected to the natural gas delivery pipeline of the upstream gas transmission station through a flange, and the air outlet pipe 4 is connected to the natural gas delivery pipeline of the downstream gas transmission station through a flange.

[0032] Specifically, the black powder absorber 2 includes a top plate 20, a plurality of permanent magnet rods 21 and a permanent magnet conical spiral ring 22. Figure 2 The top plate 20 is covered on the top of the container barrel 1, and a plurality of permanent magnet rods 21 are vertically fixed to the lower surface of the top plate 20. The starting end of the permanent magnet conical spiral ring 22 is fixed to the middle of the lower surface of the top plate 20. The permanent magnet conical spiral ring 22 is spirally wound around the outer permanent magnet rod 21 from top to bottom in sequence to form a spiral ring with multiple ramps, and the adjacent ramps of the spiral ring are closely arranged.

[0033] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The center point "X" of the lower surface of the top plate 20 is the connection point of the permanent magnet conical spiral ring 22, and the remaining positions can be used as the connection points of the permanent magnet rod 21.

[0034] In order to facilitate the overall relocation and movement of the black powder adsorber 2 , the black powder adsorber 2 is detachably arranged in the upper part of the container barrel 1 .

[0035] In order to enhance the black powder adsorption capability of the black powder adsorber 2, spiral grooves are provided on the outer surfaces of the permanent magnet rod 21 and the permanent magnet conical spiral ring 22 to increase the adsorption surface area.

[0036] Specifically, the end cover 11 is a quick-open end cover. Specifically, a handle ring 110 is provided on the end cover 11 . The handle ring 110 is a semicircular or semi-elliptical tube ring or iron ring. Both ends of the handle ring 110 are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the end cover 11 .

[0037] In order to conveniently control the flow of natural gas in the air inlet pipe 3 and the air outlet pipe 4, an air inlet ball valve 31 is provided in the air inlet pipe 3, and an air outlet ball valve 41 is provided in the air outlet pipe 4. Preferably, both the air inlet ball valve 31 and the air outlet ball valve 41 are manual ball valves.

[0038] In order to measure the changes in gas pressure when natural gas enters and after the black powder is adsorbed, a pressure gauge 30 is provided on the air intake pipeline 3 .

[0039] In order to measure the flow rate change of natural gas in the air inlet pipeline 3 and the air outlet pipeline 4 , an air inlet flow meter 32 is provided on the air inlet pipeline 3 , and an air outlet flow meter 42 is provided on the air outlet pipeline 4 .

[0040] Specifically, the air intake ball valve 31 , the pressure gauge 30 , and the air intake flow meter 32 are sequentially arranged on the air intake pipeline 3 from the natural gas inlet direction to the outlet direction.

[0041] Furthermore, an air intake pipe joint is provided at the lower portion of the container barrel 1, and the air intake pipe 3 and the air intake pipe joint are sealed and connected via a flange, that is, an air intake pipe matching flange 33 is provided in pair at the connection between the air intake pipe 3 and the air intake pipe joint, and the air intake pipe matching flange 33 includes two flanges respectively provided on the air intake pipe 3 and the air intake pipe joint, and these two flanges are matching flanges, and the standards, materials, calibers, and pressure levels of the two flanges of the matching flanges are the same, so they are called matching flanges.

[0042] Specifically, the outlet gas flow meter 42 and the outlet gas ball valve 41 are sequentially arranged on the outlet gas pipeline 4 from the natural gas inlet direction to the outlet direction.

[0043] Furthermore, an air outlet pipe joint is provided at the upper part of the container barrel 1, and the air outlet pipe 4 and the air outlet pipe joint are sealed and connected via a flange, that is, an air outlet pipe joint flange 43 is provided at the connection between the air outlet pipe 4 and the air inlet pipe joint. For the specific connection method of the air outlet pipe joint flange 43, refer to the connection method of the air inlet pipe matching flange 33.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the air inlet pipe 3 and the air outlet pipe 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the container barrel 1.

[0045] In order to facilitate the accumulation of black powder sediment in the container barrel 1 , the lower part of the container barrel 1 is configured as a black powder accumulation portion 10 , and the black powder accumulation portion 10 is used to load the black powder particles falling from the black powder adsorber 2 .

[0046] In order to improve the stability of the container barrel 1, a plurality of supporting legs 5 are provided at the bottom of the container barrel 1. The plurality of supporting legs 5 are parallel to each other, and the top ends thereof are fixed to the bottom of the container barrel 1 and the bottom ends are in the same plane.

[0047] In order to facilitate the discharge of black powder deposits in the black powder accumulation part 10, a discharge pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of the container barrel 1. In order to control the discharge of black powder deposits by the discharge pipe 6, a discharge gate valve 61 and a discharge ball valve 62 are arranged on the discharge pipe 6. The discharge ball valve 62 is a manual ball valve, which is arranged near the air outlet end of the discharge pipe 6, and the discharge gate valve 61 is a manual gate valve, which is arranged near the air inlet end of the discharge pipe 6.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Embodiment 2 provides a method for using a natural gas transmission pipeline network black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device, using the natural gas transmission pipeline network black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device provided in Embodiment 1, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step S1: The natural gas mixed with black powder enters from the air inlet pipe 3 located at the lower part of the container barrel 1, passes through the air inlet ball valve 31, the pressure gauge 30 and the air inlet flow meter 32 in sequence, enters the interior of the container barrel 1, and passes through the black powder adsorber 2 in sequence from bottom to top. The plurality of permanent magnet bars 21 and the permanent magnet conical spiral rings 22 in the black powder adsorber 2 come into rapid contact with the natural gas mixed with black powder, and the iron-based black powder and non-iron-based black powder in the black powder are adsorbed, while the natural gas moves to the upper part of the container barrel 1 and flows into the air outlet pipe 4, passes through the air outlet flow meter 42 and the air outlet ball valve 41 in sequence, and flows out from the outlet of the air outlet pipe 4;

[0051] Step S2: lasts for several hours or days;

[0052] Step S3: close the inlet ball valve 31 and the outlet ball valve 41, disconnect the flange connection between the inlet pipe 3 and the natural gas transmission pipe and the flange connection between the outlet pipe 4 and the natural gas delivery pipe, and isolate the black powder in the container barrel 1;

[0053] Step S4: Open the discharge pipe 6 at the bottom of the container barrel 1, collect the black powder discharged from the outlet of the discharge pipe 6, and continuously monitor the pressure value change of the pressure gauge 30 until the normal pressure condition is restored;

[0054] Step S5: Sampling and weighing of black powder in the black powder adsorber 2:

[0055] Step S6: According to the real-time monitoring time of the black powder adsorber 2, the flow changes of the inlet flowmeter 32 and the outlet flowmeter 42, the pressure value P of the pressure gauge 30, and the mass change of the black powder in the black powder adsorber 2, a relationship between the total amount of black powder W in the entire pipeline and the pressure value P is established.

[0056] Specifically, opening the discharge pipe 6 at the bottom of the container barrel 1 includes the following steps:

[0057] First keep the discharge ball valve 62 closed;

[0058] Open the discharge gate valve 61;

[0059] Then slowly open the discharge ball valve 62 to release the pressure and vent the gas.

[0060] Specifically, step S5 includes the following steps:

[0061] After the black powder adsorber 2 is pressure-released and the gas is vented to atmospheric pressure, the end cover 11 is opened;

[0062] Connect the top plate 20 with the permanent magnet rod 21 and the permanent magnet conical spiral ring 22 and take them out vertically directly from the top of the container barrel 1, peel off the iron-based black powder and non-iron-based black powder adsorbed on the permanent magnet rod 21 and the permanent magnet conical spiral ring 22, weigh all the black powder together, and get the total weight w.

[0063] Specifically, establishing a relationship between the total black powder amount W in the entire pipeline and the pressure value P includes the following steps:

[0064] Assuming that the total amount of black powder between adjacent gas transmission stations is W, the total distance between the adjacent upstream gas transmission station and the adjacent downstream gas transmission station is L, the gas transmission flow is Q, the pressure value on the pressure gauge 30 is P, and the natural gas flow through the black powder adsorber 2 is q, the calculation expression of the total black powder amount W is:

[0065] WL,P=w / q*Q

[0066] By monitoring the pressure value P of the pressure gauge 30 in the air intake pipe 3, the change of the total amount W of black powder captured by the black powder adsorber 2 is obtained, and the functional relationship between the total amount W of black powder in the entire pipe and the pressure value P in the pipe can be obtained.

[0067] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for sampling and real-time monitoring of black powder in a natural gas transmission pipeline network, characterized in that: The invention comprises a container barrel (1), a black powder adsorber (2), an air inlet pipe (3) and an air outlet pipe (4), wherein an end cap (11) is provided at the top end of the container barrel (1). The black powder adsorber (2) is arranged in the upper part of the container barrel (1), the air inlet pipe (3) and the air outlet pipe (4) are respectively connected to the lower part and the upper part of the container barrel (1), and the air inlet pipe (3) and the air outlet pipe (4) are respectively provided with an inlet ball valve (31) and an outlet ball valve (41); A discharge pipe (6) is provided at the bottom end of the container barrel (1), and a valve is provided on the discharge pipe (6); The black powder absorber (2) is detachably arranged in the upper part of the container barrel (1); the black powder absorber (2) comprises a top plate (20), a plurality of permanent magnet rods (21) and a permanent magnet conical spiral ring (22); the top plate (20) is arranged on the top of the container barrel (1); the plurality of permanent magnet rods (21) are perpendicular to the lower surface of the top plate (20); the starting end of the permanent magnet conical spiral ring (22) is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate (20); the permanent magnet conical spiral ring (22) is spirally wound downwardly around the permanent magnet rod (21) on the outside to form a spiral ring with multiple ramps, and the adjacent ramps of the spiral ring are closely arranged; The air inlet pipeline (3) is provided with a pressure gauge (30), and the air inlet pipeline (3) and the air outlet pipeline (4) are provided with an air inlet flow meter (32) and an air outlet flow meter (42) respectively, wherein the air inlet ball valve (31), the pressure gauge (30), and the air inlet flow meter (32) are arranged on the air inlet pipeline (3) in sequence from the natural gas inlet direction to the outlet direction, and the air outlet flow meter (42) and the air outlet ball valve (41) are arranged on the air outlet pipeline (4) in sequence from the natural gas inlet direction to the outlet direction; A discharge pipe (6) is arranged at the bottom of the container barrel (1), and a discharge gate valve (61) and a discharge ball valve (62) are arranged on the discharge pipe (6); the discharge ball valve (62) is arranged close to the gas outlet end of the discharge pipe (6), and the discharge gate valve (61) is arranged close to the gas inlet end of the discharge pipe (6).

2. The device for sampling and real-time monitoring black powder in a natural gas transmission pipeline network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cover (11) is a quick-open end cover, and a handle ring (110) is provided on the end cover (11).

3. The sampling and real-time monitoring device for black powder in a natural gas transmission pipeline network according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air intake pipe joint is provided at the lower part of the container barrel (1), and the air intake pipe (3) is sealedly connected to the air intake pipe joint via a flange; An air outlet pipe joint is provided at the upper part of the container barrel (1), and the air outlet pipe (4) is sealedly connected to the air outlet pipe joint via a flange.

4. The device for sampling and real-time monitoring black powder in a natural gas transmission pipeline network according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (3) and the air outlet pipe (4) are respectively arranged on two sides of the container barrel (1).

5. The device for sampling and real-time monitoring black powder in a natural gas transmission pipeline network according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of supporting legs (5) are provided at the bottom of the container barrel (1).

6. The device for sampling and real-time monitoring black powder in a natural gas transmission pipeline network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the container barrel (1) is provided as a black powder accumulation part (10), and the black powder accumulation part (10) is used to load the black powder particles dropped from the black powder adsorber (2).

7. A method for using the natural gas transmission pipeline network black powder sampling and real-time monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method of use comprises the following steps: Step S1: The natural gas mixed with black powder enters from the air inlet pipe (3) located at the lower part of the container barrel (1), passes through the air inlet ball valve (31), the pressure gauge (30) and the air inlet flow meter (32) in sequence, enters the interior of the container barrel (1), and passes through the black powder adsorber (2) in sequence from bottom to top. The plurality of permanent magnet rods (21) and the permanent magnet conical spiral rings (22) in the black powder adsorber (2) quickly come into contact with the natural gas mixed with black powder, and the iron-based black powder and non-iron-based black powder in the black powder are adsorbed, while the natural gas moves to the upper part of the container barrel (1) and flows into the air outlet pipe (4), passes through the air outlet flow meter (42) and the air outlet ball valve (41) in sequence, and flows out from the outlet of the air outlet pipe (4); Step S2: continue for a period of time; Step S3: closing the inlet ball valve (31) and the outlet ball valve (41) to isolate the black powder in the container barrel (1); Step S4: opening the discharge pipe (6) at the bottom of the container barrel (1), collecting the black powder discharged from the outlet of the discharge pipe (6), and continuously monitoring the pressure value change of the pressure gauge (30) until the normal pressure condition is restored; Step S5: Sampling and weighing the black powder in the black powder adsorber (2): Step S6: Based on the real-time monitoring time of the black powder adsorber (2), the flow rate changes of the air inlet flow meter (32) and the air outlet flow meter (42), the pressure value P of the pressure gauge (30), and the mass change of the black powder in the black powder adsorber (2), a relationship between the total amount of black powder W in the entire pipeline and the pressure value P in the pipeline is established.

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