Trailed peanut picking combine harvester

Abstract

The present invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a traction-type peanut picking combine harvester. It comprises a frame, a traction device, a picking device, a feeding device and a fruit picking and cleaning device, wherein the traction device, the picking device, the feeding device and the fruit picking and cleaning device are arranged in sequence from front to back, the traction device and the picking device are connected to the front end of the frame, and the fruit picking and cleaning device is arranged on the frame, wherein two supporting wheels and two steering wheels are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame, the supporting wheels are connected to the front end of the frame, and the steering wheels are symmetrically installed on both sides of the rear end of the frame through axles. It integrates picking, fruit picking and cleaning, has a compact and reasonable structure, high space utilization, high traveling stability, good cleaning effect, and a small turning radius.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a traction-type peanut picking combine harvester. Background Art

[0002] At present, mechanized peanut harvesting is divided into combined harvesting and segmented harvesting. The segmented harvesting technology is more in line with agronomic requirements and can effectively prevent the production of aflatoxin in peanuts, so it is widely favored by users. The large-scale peanut combined harvesters used in the existing segmented harvesting mainly include self-propelled and traction types. The traction type peanut harvester can effectively save power and reduce costs. According to the development experience at home and abroad, segmented peanut harvesting will become the mainstream of future development, and the large traction type peanut harvester will become the preferred harvesting machinery for users.

[0003] At present, large-scale towed peanut picking combine harvesters in China still have the following defects: (1) The turning radius of large-scale towed peanut picking combine harvesters is too large, and their flexibility is poor, which affects the field operation effect; (2) During operations on different terrains, the picking platform needs to be raised and lowered frequently, and the stability during movement is poor, which affects the harvesting efficiency; (3) There is a problem of incomplete cleaning; (4) The harvesting efficiency needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and propose a towed peanut picking combine harvester, which integrates picking, fruit picking and cleaning, has a compact and reasonable structure, high space utilization, high traveling stability, good cleaning effect and a small turning radius.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a traction type peanut picking combine harvester, comprising a frame, a traction device, a picking device, a feeding device and a fruit picking and cleaning device, wherein the traction device, the picking device, the feeding device and the fruit picking and cleaning device are arranged in sequence from front to back, the traction device and the picking device are connected to the front end of the frame, and the fruit picking and cleaning device is arranged on the frame, wherein two supporting wheels and two steering wheels are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame, the supporting wheels are connected to the front end of the frame, and the steering wheels are symmetrically installed on both sides of the rear end of the frame through axles;

[0006] The traction device comprises a hollow steel section, a front cross plate, a rear cross plate, a vertical pull rod, a long traction frame and a jack. The hollow steel section is square and hollow and is located in front of the long traction frame. The hollow steel section is connected to the long traction frame through the front cross plate, the rear cross plate and the vertical pull rod in sequence. Front connecting plates are fixed to the left and right ends of the front side surface of the hollow steel section respectively. A round hole is provided in the middle of the hollow steel section. A traction bar is arranged in the round hole. There is a clearance fit between the traction bar and the round hole. Traction sleeves are respectively provided at both ends of the traction bar. The two traction sleeves are respectively located in front and rear of the hollow steel section. The front traction sleeve is connected to the hexagonal slotted nut fixed on the traction bar through a spring. The rear traction sleeve is limited by the shaft shoulder on the traction bar. The front cross plate is rotatably connected, and the rear part of the front cross plate is fixedly connected with two parallel rear cross plates. The two rear cross plates are respectively fixedly connected with vertical tie rods. The vertical tie rods are located on the outside of the rear cross plate. The two vertical tie rods are arranged in parallel. Several positioning holes are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction of the rear cross plate. Several positioning holes are correspondingly arranged on the vertical tie rods. The fixing parts pass through the corresponding positioning holes of the vertical tie rods and the rear cross plate in sequence to realize the fixed connection between the rear cross plate and the vertical tie rods. The vertical tie rods are fixedly connected with the long traction frame through the vertical baffle. The jack is located on the outside of the vertical tie rods. The jack is connected with the vertical tie rods through the jack connecting ring. A base support is fixed to the middle and rear part of the long traction frame, and the bridge bearing is fixed on the base support.

[0007] A pick-up platform support oil cylinder is provided below the pick-up device, the pick-up platform support oil cylinder is inclined, the front end of the pick-up platform support oil cylinder is connected to the bottom of the pick-up device, a connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the frame between the two supporting wheels, and the rear end of the pick-up platform support oil cylinder is connected to the bottom of the connecting rod;

[0008] The fruit picking and cleaning device comprises a fruit picking and sorting mechanism and a sorting and conveying mechanism. The fruit picking and sorting mechanism comprises a fruit picking drum, a grid concave plate screen, a drum guide plate and a screen plate. The fruit picking drum is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft. The top end of the main shaft is connected to the frame through a drum mounting seat. A drum auger is arranged at the front end of the main shaft. Fruit picking drum sealing plates are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the fruit picking drum. Several short fruit picking tooth rods are fixed on the outer surface of the fruit picking drum at intervals along the circumference thereof. The short fruit picking tooth rods are arranged along the axial direction of the fruit picking drum. Several fruit picking teeth are evenly spaced on the short fruit picking tooth rods along the length direction thereof. The tops of the fruit picking teeth are curved and have the same curvature. Several arc-shaped drum guide plates are arranged above the fruit picking drum. The axial direction of the drum is arranged in a spiral interval, and there is a gap between the drum guide plate and the fruit picking drum, a fruit picking drum cover plate is provided above the drum guide plate, and both ends of the fruit picking drum cover plate are respectively fixedly connected to the fruit picking drum sealing plates on the front and rear sides, and an arc-shaped grid concave plate screen is provided below the fruit picking drum, and both ends of the grid concave plate screen are respectively fixedly connected to the fruit picking drum sealing plates on the front and rear sides, and both sides of the bottom of the drum guide plate are respectively fixedly connected to the tops of both sides of the grid concave plate screen, and a screen plate is provided below the grid concave plate screen, and the screen plate is inclined, and the front end of the screen plate is lower than the rear end, and the rear end of the fruit picking drum is connected to a seedling collecting connecting plate, and a seedling collecting box is provided behind the seedling collecting connecting plate, and a seedling collecting fan is provided above the seedling collecting connecting plate;

[0009] The cleaning and conveying mechanism includes a peanut auger, a fruit collecting fan, a fruit conveying fan and a fruit conveying cylinder. The peanut auger, the fruit collecting fan and the fruit conveying fan are installed at the bottom of the frame. The peanut auger is located below the front end of the screen plate. The axes between the peanut auger and the fruit collecting fan are arranged in parallel. The fruit conveying fan is installed at one end of the fruit collecting fan. The fruit conveying fan and the fruit collecting fan are arranged coaxially. The bottom of the fruit conveying cylinder is installed at the end of the peanut auger on the same side as the fruit conveying fan, and the top of the fruit conveying cylinder is connected to the fruit collecting box.

[0010] In the present invention, the front cross plate comprises a rear side plate, an upper top plate and a lower bottom plate respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the rear side plate, the upper top plate and the lower top plate are connected by a pin shaft, and the two ends of the pin shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate by an outer fixing ring, an inner fixing ring is sleeved on the pin shaft, and the inner fixing ring rotates around the pin shaft, the rear end of the traction bar is fixedly connected to the inner fixing ring, and a horizontal bending part is provided on the top of the vertical baffle, which fits the top surface of the long traction frame, and the base support comprises a top plate and two side plates respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the top plate, wherein the two side plates are respectively fixedly connected to the side edges of the long traction frame by welding, the bridge bearing is fixedly connected to the top plate, a connecting plate is fixedly provided on the rear end of the long traction frame, and a reinforcing rib is provided between the connecting plate and the long traction frame.

[0011] The picking device includes a central axis of a slide bar group, a spring-tooth rod, a slide rail plate and an auger. The central axis of the slide bar group is arranged in a horizontal direction, and its two ends are respectively connected to the frame for rotation. The two ends of the central axis of the slide bar group are also fixed with slide rail plates, which are located on the inner side of the frame. The slide rail plate is provided with several slide rails. A spring-tooth rod is provided between the slide rails of the corresponding two slide rail plates. The spring-tooth rod is arranged at intervals along the annular outer side of the central axis of the slide bar. A sliding bearing is provided at the end of the spring-tooth rod. The sliding bearing is arranged in the slide rail. Several spring teeth are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the spring-tooth rod. An auger is provided behind the central axis of the slide bar group. The auger is hinged to the auger side plate. The auger side plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame. A bottom screen is fixed below the auger, and a plurality of sieve holes are provided on the bottom screen.

[0012] The feeding device comprises a feeding rod, on which climbing teeth are arranged at intervals, and the peanut vines are transported from the picking device to the fruit picking and cleaning device through the climbing teeth.

[0013] The angle between the picking device and the ground is 25°, and the angle between the feeding device and the ground is 29°.

[0014] The rear end of the main shaft is connected to a gearbox, the input shaft of the gearbox is connected to a motor, and the speed output by the motor is transmitted to the main shaft after being decelerated by the gearbox.

[0015] The grid concave plate screen comprises a plurality of staggered transverse screen plates and longitudinal screen plates, and screen holes are formed between the transverse screen plates and the longitudinal screen plates. The screen holes are larger than the size of the peanuts so that the peanuts can fall through the grid concave plate screen.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] (1) The use of a suspended traction device effectively improves the flexibility of the entire machine, improves operating efficiency, and ensures the balance of the entire machine.

[0018] (2) The fruit picking and sorting device can effectively classify and collect peanut fruits and vines, and can sort the peanut fruits multiple times. It has a compact structure, high space utilization, effectively reduces costs, is easy to operate, has high harvesting efficiency, and reduces labor costs;

[0019] (3) The steering wheel at the rear of the frame provides the whole machine with good steering ability, which reduces the turning radius of the machine when operating in the field, avoids problems such as reduced work efficiency caused by excessive turning radius, reduces fuel consumption and saves costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a main structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the traction device;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the picking device;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fruit picking and cleaning device;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fruit picking and cleaning device;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fruit picking and sorting mechanism;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning and conveying mechanism.

[0028] In the figure: 1 traction device; 101 front connecting plate; 102 traction bar; 103 hexagonal slotted nut; 104 traction sleeve; 105 hollow steel; 106 front horizontal plate; 107 rear horizontal plate; 108 vertical pull rod; 109 vertical baffle; 110 long traction frame; 111 bridge bearing base support; 112 bridge bearing; 113 connecting plate; 114 jack; 115 jack connecting ring; 116 external fixing ring; 3 pulley; 4 fruit picking and cleaning device; 401 screen plate; 402 peanut auger; 403 fruit collecting fan; 404 fruit collecting fan cover; 405 drum mounting seat; 406 drum auger; 407 fruit picking drum sealing plate; 408 fruit picking drum cover plate; 409 Baffle; 410 grid concave plate screen; 411 fruit picking teeth; 412 short fruit picking tooth rod; 413 roller guide plate; 414 fruit picking roller; 415 main shaft; 416 fruit conveying fan; 417 fruit conveying fan cover; 418 fruit collecting fan guide plate; 5 fruit collecting box; 6 seedling collecting fan; 7 seedling collecting box; 8 steering wheel; 9 frame; 10 support wheel; 11 picking platform support cylinder; 12 picking device; 1202 auger; 1203 auger side plate; 1204 slide rail plate; 1205 spring tooth; 1208 slide bar group central axis; 1209 spring tooth rod; 1210 sliding bearing; 1211 slide rail connecting rod; 13 fruit conveying cylinder; 14 gearbox; 15 seedling collecting connecting plate; 16 feeding device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the following description, specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the traction type peanut picking combine harvester of the present invention comprises a frame 9, a traction device 1, a picking device 12, a feeding device 16 and a fruit picking and cleaning device 4, wherein the picking device 12, the feeding device 16 and the fruit picking and cleaning device 4 are arranged in sequence from front to back, the traction device 1 and the picking device 12 are connected to the front end of the frame 9, the traction device 1 is located in front of the picking device 12, and the fruit picking and cleaning device 4 is arranged on the frame 9. Two supporting wheels 10 and two steering wheels 8 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame 9, and the supporting wheels 10 are connected to the front end of the frame 9, which is conducive to improving the operation stability; the steering wheels 8 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the rear end of the frame 9 through the axle, which reduces the turning radius and is conducive to improving the operation stability and turning flexibility of the whole machine.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the traction device includes a hollow steel 105, a front transverse plate 106, a rear transverse plate 107, a vertical pull rod 108, a long traction frame 110 and a jack 114. The hollow steel 105 is square and hollow, and is located in front of the long traction frame 110. The hollow steel 105 is connected to the long traction frame 110 through the front transverse plate 106, the rear transverse plate 107 and the vertical pull rod 108 in sequence. The left and right ends of the front side of the hollow steel 105 are respectively fixed with a front connecting plate 101, and the traction type peanut picking combine harvester and the power machinery tractor are connected through the front connecting plate 101. A circular hole is provided in the middle of the hollow steel 105, and the traction bar 102 is arranged in the circular hole. There is a clearance fit between the traction bar 102 and the circular hole, that is, the traction bar 102 can rotate in the circular hole and can also move forward and backward. In order to limit the forward and backward movement of the traction bar, traction sleeves 104 are respectively provided at both ends of the traction bar 102. The two traction sleeves are respectively located in front and rear of the hollow steel 105. The front traction sleeve is connected to the hexagonal slotted nut 103 fixed on the traction bar 102 through a spring. The front traction sleeve 104 has a certain amount of expansion and contraction through the spring to buffer the impact force generated by the instability of the traction type peanut picking combine harvester. The rear traction sleeve is limited by the shaft shoulder on the traction bar.

[0033] The rear part of the traction bar 102 is rotatably connected to the front transverse plate 106. In this embodiment, the front transverse plate 106 includes a rear side plate, an upper top plate and a lower bottom plate fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the rear side plate, respectively. The upper top plate and the lower top plate are connected by a pin shaft, that is, the two ends of the pin shaft are fixedly connected to the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate by an outer fixing ring 116, and the pin shaft is sleeved with an inner fixing ring, which can rotate around the pin shaft, and the rear end of the traction bar 102 is fixedly connected to the inner fixing ring. The rear part of the front transverse plate 106 is fixedly connected to two parallel rear transverse plates 107. In this embodiment, the rear side plates of the front transverse plate 106 are fixedly connected to the two rear transverse plates 107 by welding. The two rear transverse plates 107 are fixedly connected to the vertical pull rods 108, respectively, and the vertical pull rods 108 are located on the outer side of the rear transverse plate 107, and the two vertical pull rods 108 are arranged in parallel. Several positioning holes are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction of the rear cross plate 107, and correspondingly, several positioning holes are arranged on the vertical tie rod 108. When the pins or bolts pass through the corresponding positioning holes on the vertical tie rod 108 and the rear cross plate 107 in sequence, the fixed connection between the rear cross plate 107 and the vertical tie rod 108 is realized. By changing the positions of the corresponding positioning holes on the vertical tie rod 108 and the rear cross plate 107, the upper and lower positions between the vertical tie rod 108 and the rear cross plate 107 are adjusted, so as to achieve different working effects according to different working requirements. The purpose of setting two vertical tie rods and the rear cross plate is to ensure the stability of the connection.

[0034] The two vertical rods 108 are fixedly connected by the vertical baffle 109 above. In this embodiment, the vertical baffle 109 and the vertical rod 108 are fixedly connected by welding, and the vertical baffle 109 and the front end of the long traction frame 110 are fixedly connected by welding, so the vertical rod 108 and the long traction frame 110 are fixedly connected by the vertical baffle 109. A horizontal bending portion is provided at the top of the vertical baffle 109, and the horizontal bending portion is in contact with the top surface of the long traction frame 110, thereby improving the connection stability between the vertical rod 108 and the long traction frame 110.

[0035] The jack 114 is located on the outside of the vertical pull rod 108. The jack 114 is connected to the vertical pull rod 108 through the jack connecting ring 115. When the towed peanut picking combine harvester stops running and there is no tractor attached, the jack is used to support the front of the harvester from the ground, ensuring that the front cutting table of the towed peanut picking combine harvester is off the ground, which is convenient for the next attachment.

[0036] A base support 111 is fixed to the middle and rear part of the long traction frame 110, and a bridge bearing 112 is fixed to the base support 111. In this embodiment, the base support 111 includes a top plate and two side plates respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the top plate, wherein the two side plates are respectively fixedly connected to the side edges of the long traction frame 110 by welding, and the bridge bearing 112 is fixedly connected to the top plate by bolts. Since the cutting table of the traction-type peanut picking combine harvester is relatively high, if the torque is transmitted through a single universal joint, the angle is too large; if two universal joints are used to cooperate with each other, two small angles are combined to form a large angle, and large-angle torque transmission can be achieved. Through the bridge bearing 112, universal joints are respectively set on both sides of the bridge bearing 112, and the rear output shaft of the tractor and the power input shaft of the fruit picking and cleaning device are connected through the universal joint, and the power of the tractor is transmitted to the pulley 3, and the pulley 3 drives the fruit picking and cleaning device 4 to work through the conveyor belt. A connecting plate 113 is fixed to the rear end of the long traction frame 110 , and reinforcing ribs are provided between the connecting plate 113 and the long traction frame 110 to ensure the strength and rigidity of the connecting plate.

[0037] When the traction device is in use, its front end is connected to the tractor through the front connecting plate 101 on the hollow steel 105, and its rear end is connected to the frame of the traction type peanut picking combine harvester through the connecting plate 113 at the rear of the long traction frame 110. Therefore, the device meets the connection requirements of the traction type peanut picking combine harvester and the tractor, and realizes the practical application of the traction type peanut picking combine harvester.

[0038] like Figure 4As shown, the picking device 12 includes a central axis 1208 of the sliding rod group, a spring tooth rod 1209, a slide rail plate 1204 and a screw 1202. The central axis 1208 of the sliding rod group is arranged in a horizontal direction, and its two ends are respectively connected to the frame for rotation. The two ends of the central axis 1208 of the sliding rod group are also fixed with slide rail plates 1204, which are located on the inner side of the frame. The slide rail plate 1204 is provided with a plurality of slide rails, and a spring tooth rod 1209 is provided between the slide rails of the corresponding two slide rail plates 1204. The spring tooth rod 1209 is arranged at intervals along the outer side of the annular ring of the central axis of the sliding rod. In this embodiment, four spring tooth rods 1209 are provided, and a sliding bearing 1210 is provided at the end of the spring tooth rod 1209. The sliding bearing 1210 is arranged in the slide rail, that is, the spring tooth rod 1209 is arranged in the slide rail through the sliding bearing 1210. Several spring teeth 1205 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the spring tooth rod 1209, and the peanut vines are picked up by the spring teeth 1205. An auger 1202 is arranged behind the central axis 1208 of the slide bar group, and the auger 1202 is hinged with the auger side plate 1203, and the auger side plate 1203 is fixedly connected with the front end of the frame 9, and the peanut vines picked up by the picking device are transported to the feeding device 16 by the auger 1202. A bottom screen is fixed below the auger 1202, and a plurality of sieve holes are arranged on the bottom screen. In the process of transporting the peanut vines by the conveying auger, the soil clods falling from the peanut vines leak out of the entire machine body through the sieve holes. In this embodiment, the feeding device 16 includes a feeding rod, and climbing teeth are arranged at intervals on the feeding rod, and the peanut vines are transported from the picking device to the fruit picking and sorting device by the climbing teeth.

[0039] A picking platform support cylinder 11 is provided below the picking device 12. The picking platform support cylinder 11 is tilted. The front end of the picking platform support cylinder 11 is connected to the bottom of the picking device 12. A connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the frame between the two supporting wheels 10. The rear end of the picking platform support cylinder 11 is connected to the bottom of the connecting rod. The optimal picking angle of the picking device is determined by the picking platform support cylinder 11. In this embodiment, the angle between the picking device 12 and the ground is 25°, which is the optimal picking angle for peanut berries. The angle between the feeding device 16 and the ground is 29°, which is the optimal feeding angle for peanut berries.

[0040] like Figures 5 to 8As shown, the fruit picking and sorting device includes a fruit picking and sorting mechanism and a sorting and conveying mechanism. The fruit picking and sorting mechanism includes a fruit picking drum 414, a grid concave plate screen 410, a drum guide plate 412 and a screen plate 401. The fruit picking drum 414 is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 415. The top of the main shaft 415 is connected to the frame through a drum mounting seat 405. The rear end of the main shaft 415 is connected to the gearbox 14. The input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the motor. The speed output by the motor is transmitted to the main shaft 415 after being decelerated by the gearbox. The main shaft 415 drives the fruit picking drum 414 to rotate. A drum auger 406 is provided at the front end of the main shaft 415 for feeding peanut vines to the fruit picking drum 414. Fruit picking drum sealing plates 407 are provided at the front and rear ends of the fruit picking drum 414, respectively. The fruit picking drum sealing plates prevent the peanut vines from escaping from the front and rear sides of the fruit picking drum 414. Several short fruit picking tooth rods 412 are fixed to the outer surface of the fruit picking drum 414 at intervals along the circumference thereof, and the short fruit picking tooth rods 412 are arranged along the axial direction of the fruit picking drum. Several fruit picking teeth 411 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the short fruit picking tooth rods 412, and the tops of the fruit picking teeth 411 are curved and have the same curvature direction. During the rotation of the fruit picking drum 414, the peanut vines fed into the fruit picking drum 414 are separated by the fruit picking teeth 411.

[0041] A plurality of arc-shaped roller guide plates 413 are arranged above the fruit picking roller 414, and the roller guide plates 413 are arranged in a spiral interval along the axial direction of the fruit picking roller 414. There is a certain gap between the roller guide plates 413 and the fruit picking roller 414, and the peanuts pass through the gap. Under the guiding effect of the spirally arranged roller guide plates 413, the peanuts are wound around the fruit picking roller 414 from front to back. In order to prevent the peanuts from escaping from between the roller guide plates 413, a fruit picking roller cover plate 408 is arranged above the roller guide plates 413, and the two ends of the fruit picking roller cover plate 408 are respectively fixedly connected to the fruit picking roller sealing plates 407 on the front and rear sides. An arc-shaped grid concave screen 410 is provided below the fruit picking drum 414. The two ends of the grid concave screen 410 are respectively fixedly connected to the fruit picking drum sealing plates 407 on the front and rear sides. The two sides of the bottom of the drum guide plate 413 are respectively fixedly connected to the tops of the two sides of the grid concave screen 410. The grid concave screen 410 includes a number of staggered transverse screen plates and longitudinal screen plates. Screen holes are formed between the transverse screen plates and the longitudinal screen plates. The screen holes are larger than the size of the peanut fruit so that the peanut fruit can fall through the grid concave screen 410. After the fruit picking teeth 411 separate the peanut vines from the peanut fruit, the peanut fruit and part of the peanut vine fall into the grid concave screen 410. The peanut fruit falls into the cleaning and conveying mechanism through the screen holes of the grid concave screen 410, and the peanut vine remains in the grid concave screen 410.

[0042] A screen plate 401 is provided below the grid concave screen 410. The screen plate 401 is inclined, and the front end of the screen plate 401 is lower than the rear end. After the peanuts fall from the grid concave screen 410, they fall directly onto the screen plate 401 and gather at the front end of the screen plate 401 along the inclined surface of the screen plate 401. At the same time, impurities mixed in the peanuts can also be screened out by the screen plate 401. In the process of the peanuts falling, in order to prevent the peanuts from escaping from the device, baffles 409 are provided on the outside of the fruit picking roller 414 and the screen plate 401.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the rear end of the fruit picking drum 414 is connected with a seedling collecting connecting plate 15, and the peanut seedlings after being picked are transported by the fruit picking drum to the rear end of the seedling collecting connecting plate 15. A seedling collecting box 7 is provided behind the seedling collecting connecting plate 15, and a seedling collecting fan 6 is provided above the seedling collecting connecting plate 15. The peanut seedlings in the seedling collecting connecting plate 15 are sent into the seedling collecting box 7 through the peanut seedling fan 6, so that the peanut seedlings are collected.

[0044] The cleaning and conveying mechanism includes a peanut auger 402, a fruit collecting fan 403, a fruit conveying fan 416 and a fruit conveying cylinder 13. The peanut auger 402, the fruit collecting fan 403 and the fruit conveying fan 416 are installed at the bottom of the frame, and the peanut auger 402 is located below the front end of the screen plate. The axes between the peanut auger 402 and the fruit collecting fan 403 are arranged in parallel, the fruit conveying fan 416 is installed at one end of the fruit collecting fan 403, and the fruit conveying fan 416 and the fruit collecting fan 403 are arranged coaxially. The bottom of the fruit conveying cylinder 13 is installed at the end of the peanut auger 402 on the same side as the fruit conveying fan, and the top of the fruit conveying cylinder 13 is connected to the fruit collecting box 5. After the peanuts fall into the peanut auger 402 from the front end of the screen plate 401, the peanuts are transported toward the fruit conveying cylinder 13 as the peanut auger rotates. During the transportation process, the fruit collecting fan 403 blows out and cleans the impurities in the peanuts. When the peanuts move to the bottom end of the fruit conveying cylinder 13, the relatively clean peanuts enter the fruit collecting box 5 along the fruit conveying cylinder 13 under the blowing action of the fruit conveying fan.

[0045] The working process of the machine is as follows: First, the machine is connected to the tractor through the traction device. During the operation of the tractor, the whole machine is driven forward and the fan in the fruit picking and cleaning device is driven to operate. First, the picking device picks up the peanut vines on the ground, and transports the peanut vines to the fruit picking and cleaning device through the auger 1202 and the feeding device in turn. The peanut vines enter through the feeding port at the front end of the fruit picking drum, and are fed into the outer surface of the fruit picking drum 414 through the drum auger 406 at the front end. Under the guidance of the drum guide plate 413 above the fruit picking drum 414, the peanut vines are wound around the outer surface of the fruit picking drum 414. Under the action of the fruit picking teeth on the outer surface of the fruit picking drum, the peanut vines and peanut fruits are separated. The separated peanuts fall directly onto the screen plate 401 from the mesh holes of the grid concave screen 410 under the action of gravity. After being screened again by the screen plate 401, the peanuts gather at the front end of the screen plate 401 and fall into the peanut auger 402. In the process of being transported to the fruit conveying cylinder 13 by the peanut auger, the fruit collecting fan 403 blows away the impurities in the peanuts again. The relatively clean peanuts finally obtained enter the fruit collecting box 5 along the fruit conveying cylinder 13 under the blowing action of the fruit conveying fan. The peanut vines fed into the fruit picking drum 414 are transported to the vine collecting connecting plate 15 at the end of the fruit picking drum as the fruit picking drum rotates, and are sent into the vine collecting box 7 under the action of the vine collecting fan 6. In the above working process, the fruit picking and vine collecting are completed at the same time without mixing, the work is smooth and efficient, and the peanuts and peanut vines can be effectively cleaned and classified and collected.

[0046] The above is a detailed introduction to the traction-type peanut picking combine harvester provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables professionals and technicians in this field to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in this field, and the general principles defined in this article can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown in this article, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in this article.

Claims

1. A traction-type peanut picking combine harvester, comprising a frame, a traction device, a picking device, a feeding device and a fruit picking and cleaning device, wherein the traction device, the picking device, the feeding device and the fruit picking and cleaning device are arranged in sequence from front to back, the traction device and the picking device are connected to the front end of the frame, and the fruit picking and cleaning device is arranged on the frame, characterized in that: Two supporting wheels and two steering wheels are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame, the supporting wheels are connected to the front end of the frame, and the steering wheels are symmetrically installed on both sides of the rear end of the frame through axles; The traction device comprises a hollow steel section, a front cross plate, a rear cross plate, a vertical pull rod, a long traction frame and a jack. The hollow steel section is square and hollow and is located in front of the long traction frame. The hollow steel section is connected to the long traction frame through the front cross plate, the rear cross plate and the vertical pull rod in sequence. Front connecting plates are fixed to the left and right ends of the front side surface of the hollow steel section respectively. A round hole is provided in the middle of the hollow steel section. A traction bar is arranged in the round hole. There is a clearance fit between the traction bar and the round hole. Traction sleeves are respectively provided at both ends of the traction bar. The two traction sleeves are respectively located in front and rear of the hollow steel section. The front traction sleeve is connected to the hexagonal slotted nut fixed on the traction bar through a spring. The rear traction sleeve is limited by the shaft shoulder on the traction bar. The front cross plate is rotatably connected, and the rear part of the front cross plate is fixedly connected with two parallel rear cross plates. The two rear cross plates are respectively fixedly connected with vertical tie rods. The vertical tie rods are located on the outside of the rear cross plate. The two vertical tie rods are arranged in parallel. Several positioning holes are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction of the rear cross plate. Several positioning holes are correspondingly arranged on the vertical tie rods. The fixing parts pass through the corresponding positioning holes of the vertical tie rods and the rear cross plate in sequence to realize the fixed connection between the rear cross plate and the vertical tie rods. The vertical tie rods are fixedly connected with the long traction frame through the vertical baffle. The jack is located on the outside of the vertical tie rods. The jack is connected with the vertical tie rods through the jack connecting ring. A base support is fixed to the middle and rear part of the long traction frame, and the bridge bearing is fixed on the base support. A pick-up platform support oil cylinder is provided below the pick-up device, the pick-up platform support oil cylinder is inclined, the front end of the pick-up platform support oil cylinder is connected to the bottom of the pick-up device, a connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the frame between the two supporting wheels, and the rear end of the pick-up platform support oil cylinder is connected to the bottom of the connecting rod; The fruit picking and cleaning device comprises a fruit picking and sorting mechanism and a sorting and conveying mechanism. The fruit picking and sorting mechanism comprises a fruit picking drum, a grid concave plate screen, a drum guide plate and a screen plate. The fruit picking drum is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft. The top end of the main shaft is connected to the frame through a drum mounting seat. A drum auger is arranged at the front end of the main shaft. Fruit picking drum sealing plates are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the fruit picking drum. Several short fruit picking tooth rods are fixed on the outer surface of the fruit picking drum at intervals along the circumference thereof. The short fruit picking tooth rods are arranged along the axial direction of the fruit picking drum. Several fruit picking teeth are evenly spaced on the short fruit picking tooth rods along the length direction thereof. The tops of the fruit picking teeth are curved and have the same curvature. Several arc-shaped drum guide plates are arranged above the fruit picking drum. The axial direction of the drum is arranged in a spiral interval, and there is a gap between the drum guide plate and the fruit picking drum, a fruit picking drum cover plate is provided above the drum guide plate, and both ends of the fruit picking drum cover plate are respectively fixedly connected to the fruit picking drum sealing plates on the front and rear sides, and an arc-shaped grid concave plate screen is provided below the fruit picking drum, and both ends of the grid concave plate screen are respectively fixedly connected to the fruit picking drum sealing plates on the front and rear sides, and both sides of the bottom of the drum guide plate are respectively fixedly connected to the tops of both sides of the grid concave plate screen, and a screen plate is provided below the grid concave plate screen, and the screen plate is inclined, and the front end of the screen plate is lower than the rear end, and the rear end of the fruit picking drum is connected to a seedling collecting connecting plate, and a seedling collecting box is provided behind the seedling collecting connecting plate, and a seedling collecting fan is provided above the seedling collecting connecting plate; The cleaning and conveying mechanism comprises a peanut auger, a fruit collecting fan, a fruit conveying fan and a fruit conveying cylinder. The peanut auger, the fruit collecting fan and the fruit conveying fan are installed at the bottom of the frame. The peanut auger is located below the front end of the screen plate. The axes between the peanut auger and the fruit collecting fan are arranged in parallel. The fruit conveying fan is installed at one end of the fruit collecting fan. The fruit conveying fan and the fruit collecting fan are arranged coaxially. The bottom of the fruit conveying cylinder is installed at the end of the peanut auger on the same side as the fruit conveying fan. The top of the fruit conveying cylinder is connected to the fruit collecting box. The rear end of the main shaft is connected to the gearbox, the input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the motor, and the speed output by the motor is transmitted to the main shaft after being decelerated by the gearbox; The grid concave plate screen comprises a plurality of staggered transverse screen plates and longitudinal screen plates, wherein screen holes are formed between the transverse screen plates and the longitudinal screen plates, and the screen holes are larger than the size of the peanuts.

2. The traction type peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front cross plate comprises a rear side plate, an upper top plate and a lower bottom plate respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the rear side plate, the upper top plate and the lower top plate are connected by a pin shaft, and the two ends of the pin shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate by an outer fixing ring, an inner fixing ring is sleeved on the pin shaft, and the inner fixing ring rotates around the pin shaft, the rear end of the traction bar is fixedly connected to the inner fixing ring, and a horizontal bending part is provided on the top of the vertical baffle, which fits the top surface of the long traction frame, and the base support comprises a top plate and two side plates respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the top plate, wherein the two side plates are respectively fixedly connected to the side edges of the long traction frame by welding, and the bridge bearing is fixedly connected to the top plate, and a connecting plate is fixedly provided at the rear end of the long traction frame, and a reinforcing rib is provided between the connecting plate and the long traction frame.

3. The traction type peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The picking device includes a central axis of a slide bar group, a spring-tooth rod, a slide rail plate and an auger. The central axis of the slide bar group is arranged in a horizontal direction, and its two ends are respectively connected to the frame for rotation. The two ends of the central axis of the slide bar group are also fixed with slide rail plates, which are located on the inner side of the frame. The slide rail plate is provided with several slide rails. A spring-tooth rod is provided between the slide rails of the corresponding two slide rail plates. The spring-tooth rod is arranged at intervals along the annular outer side of the central axis of the slide bar. A sliding bearing is provided at the end of the spring-tooth rod. The sliding bearing is arranged in the slide rail. Several spring teeth are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the spring-tooth rod. An auger is provided behind the central axis of the slide bar group. The auger is hinged to the auger side plate. The auger side plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame. A bottom screen is fixed below the auger, and a plurality of sieve holes are provided on the bottom screen.

4. The traction type peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device comprises a feeding rod, on which climbing teeth are arranged at intervals, and the peanut vines are transported from the picking device to the fruit picking and cleaning device through the climbing teeth.

5. The traction type peanut picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the picking device and the ground is 25°, and the angle between the feeding device and the ground is 29°.

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