Adapter unit and wiper system

Abstract

The invention relates to an adapter unit, which is provided for coupling, in particular detachably coupling, a wiper blade and a wiper arm, and comprises a base element, a cover element and a wiper arm receptacle, the wiper arm receptacle being provided for receiving the wiper arm pivotably about a bearing axis, wherein the cover element is designed to be connectable to the base element and to cover the wiper arm receptacle to a large extent, wherein the cover element has a wind deflector surface which is provided for blocking air flowing through and for pressing the wiper blade against the vehicle window, and wherein the base element is provided for receiving the wiper blade. It is proposed that the wind deflector surface and the bearing axis enclose a main angle of between 25° and 75°, preferably between 40° and 60°.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an adapter unit, which is provided for coupling, in particular detachably coupling, a wiper blade and a wiper arm, and comprises a base element, a cover element and a wiper arm receptacle, which is provided for receiving a wiper arm pivotably about a bearing axis. The invention also relates to a wiper system having the adapter unit according to the invention. Background Art

[0002] A windshield wiper device has been proposed which comprises a wiper arm and a wiper blade and an adapter unit for releasably coupling the wiper arm and the wiper blade. Such a windshield wiper device has the disadvantage that the wiper arm always has to exert a high pressing force for pressing the wiper blade against the vehicle windshield in order to ensure adequate wiping performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention describes an adapter unit, which is configured to couple, in particular detachably couple, a wiper blade and a wiper arm, and comprises a basic element, a covering element and a wiper arm receptacle, the wiper arm receptacle being configured to accommodate the wiper arm pivotably about a bearing axis, wherein the covering element is constructed to be connectable to the basic element and covers the wiper arm receptacle as much as possible, and wherein the covering element has a wind deflector surface, which is configured to block air flowing through and to press the wiper blade against a vehicle window, and wherein the basic element is configured to accommodate the wiper blade, characterized in that the wind deflector surface and the bearing axis enclose a main angle of between 25° and 75°, preferably between 40° and 60°.

[0004] This has the advantage that the windshield surface presses the wiper blade against the vehicle window due to the travel wind flowing through the windshield surface during fast driving. This increases the total pressure force of the wiper blade against the vehicle window and improves the wiping performance. In this way, the required pressure force with which the wiper arm presses the wiper blade against the vehicle window is reduced. More advantageous and / or simpler and / or more reliable and / or more compact wiper arms with a smaller pressure force, in particular with a smaller spring for applying the pressure force, can be used. Furthermore, the use of the windshield surface according to the invention prevents the adapter unit or the wiper device (comprising the adapter unit, the wiper blade and the wiper arm) from generating forces due to unfavorable aerodynamics during fast driving, which forces are opposed to the required pressure force and thus impair the wiping performance or even make wiping impossible. The adapter unit according to the invention ensures that the forces generated due to aerodynamic effects, in particular wind, in particular travel wind, press the wiper blade against the vehicle window.

[0005] Advantageously, the covering element is designed in one piece with the wind deflector surface. In this context, "in one piece" is to be understood in particular as material fusion, for example by a welding process and / or an adhesive bonding process, and particularly advantageously as shaping, for example by casting and / or by manufacturing in a single-component or multi-component injection molding process. Advantageously, the covering element has a coupling element, which is provided for connection to the base element. Advantageously, the covering element is designed in one piece with the coupling element.

[0006] A basic element is to be understood in particular as an adapter which has a contact region with respect to the wiper blade or the wiper blade component and which can be connected to the wiper blade or the wiper blade component, advantageously fixedly connected, in particular connected in such a way that the wiper blade, in the state connected to the basic element, is as far as possible not able to move relative to the basic element. Advantageously, the basic element has a receiving element which is provided for coupling to the covering element or the coupling element of the covering element. Advantageously, the wiper blade adapter unit is designed integrally with the contact region and / or the connecting element. It is also conceivable that the basic element is designed integrally with the wiper blade or the wiper blade component. Advantageously, the basic element has a wiper arm receiving portion. Advantageously, the basic element is designed integrally with the wiper arm receiving portion.

[0007] Advantageously, the wiper arm receptacle is designed such that the bearing axis is arranged perpendicularly or as perpendicularly as possible to the wiper arm direction. In particular, in the basic position, the wiper arm direction is to be understood as a direction which is arranged in the direction of the maximum longitudinal extension of the wiper arm mounted on the adapter unit. In particular, in the basic position, in the non-mounted state, the wiper arm direction is the direction in which the mounted wiper arm on the adapter unit points. As perpendicular as possible is to be understood as meaning that the first axis encloses an angle with the second axis which deviates from 90° by no more than 8°, advantageously by no more than 5°, particularly advantageously by no more than 2°. Advantageously, the bearing axis is arranged parallelly or as parallelly as possible to the set wiping direction. As parallel as possible is to be understood as meaning that the first axis encloses an angle with the second axis which deviates from 0° by no more than 8°, advantageously by no more than 5°, particularly advantageously by no more than 2°. Advantageously, the bearing axis is arranged such that it is arranged parallel or substantially parallel to the wind flow direction or the vehicle driving direction in the non-wiping, stationary state of the wiper device (comprising the wiper arm adapter unit, the wiper blade and the wiper arm) mounted on the vehicle window. The wind flow direction is to be understood as the direction in which the driving wind flows in the non-wiping, stationary state of the wiper device mounted on the vehicle window. Particularly advantageously, the bearing axis is parallel to the vehicle window in the mounted state on the vehicle, preferably parallel to the vehicle window in every position during the wiping movement.

[0008] The main angle is understood to be the angle that the windshield surface has relative to the bearing axis. Advantageously, the main angle is measured around the direction of the wiper arm. A positive main angle between 0° and 90° describes a windshield surface that is at least partially turned in the direction of the wind flow. The closer the main angle is to 90°, the stronger the windshield surface is turned in the direction of the wind flow. Advantageously, the main angle is spanned between the bearing axis and the projection of the bearing axis onto the windshield surface, wherein the projection is advantageously carried out along a projection plane, in which the bearing axis is located and the bearing axis is arranged perpendicularly or as perpendicularly as possible to the direction of the wiper arm. It is also possible that the projection plane is spanned by the bearing axis and the normal vector or the average normal vector of the windshield surface. In the case of a curved or uneven windshield surface, it is conceivable that the main angle is spanned between the bearing axis and a tangent plane, wherein the tangent plane is located in a protruding point of the windshield surface, such as a center point, or is a tangent plane of the average normal vector of the windshield surface. An average normal vector is understood to be a vector which represents the average value of all or nearly all normal vectors of the windshield surface.

[0009] Advantageous improvements of the adapter unit include, but are not limited to: the windshield surface is at least partially concave in the direction of the bearing axis; the windshield surface is at least partially convex in the direction of the bearing axis; the covering element and / or the basic element has a rear axis, which is arranged on the side of the covering element facing away from the wind and on the lower side of the covering element or on the side facing away from the windshield surface and is arranged as parallel to the direction of the wiper arm as possible, and the windshield surface has a vertical minimum distance of between 0.8 cm and 2.0 cm, preferably between 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm, relative to the rear axis, and the windshield surface has a vertical minimum distance of between 1.5 cm and 3.0 cm, preferably between 2.0 cm and 2.5 cm; the adapter unit, in particular the cover element and / or the base element, has a wiper arm opening, which with the windshield surface encloses a wiper arm angle of between -15° and 15°, preferably between -5° and 5°; a front tangent at a point in front of the windshield surface encloses an angle in front of the bearing axis of between 30° and 70°, preferably between 45° and 55°, wherein the front point is located on the edge of the windshield surface facing the wind and the front tangent is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm; a rear tangent at a rear point on the windshield surface encloses an angle in front of the bearing axis of between 30° and 70°, preferably between 45° and 55°. encloses a front angle of between 10° and 60°, preferably between 25° and 35°, wherein the rear point is located on the edge of the windshield surface facing away from the wind and the rear tangent is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm; a middle tangent at a middle point on the windshield surface encloses a front angle of between 25° and 65°, preferably between 40° and 50° with the bearing axis, wherein the middle point is located in the middle between the edge of the windshield surface facing away from the wind and the edge facing the wind and the middle tangent is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm; the adapter unit has an air guide The air guide surface is arranged behind the edge of the wind deflector surface facing away from the wind and encloses an air guide angle between -25° and -65°, preferably between -40° and -50° with the support axis; the wind deflector surface protrudes at least 1 mm, preferably at least 2 mm, and particularly preferably at least 5 mm from the base surface of the adapter unit in the direction of wind flow with its edge facing away from the wind; the covering element is constructed to be fixedly connected to the basic element, so that the covering element connected to the basic element cannot move as much as possible relative to the basic element; the covering element is constructed to be movable onto the basic element, in particular in the direction of the wiper arm and / or as far as possible The wiper arm receptacle may be configured to be movable in the direction of the wiper arm; the wiper arm receptacle is provided for receiving a wiper arm having a tongue-shaped connecting element and / or for receiving a wiper arm having a sickle-shaped connecting element and / or for receiving a wiper arm having a connecting element, the connecting element at least partially having an elliptical segment, in particular a circular segment, wherein the elliptical segment is preferably located in a plane having the longitudinal axis of the wiper arm; the wiper arm receptacle has a cylinder and / or a cylinder segment, wherein the cylinder and / or the cylinder segment are provided for contacting the connecting element of the wiper arm, and wherein the cylinder axis of the cylinder and / or the cylinder segment is oriented parallel or as far as possible parallel to the bearing axis.

[0010] The wind deflector surface is at least partially concave in the direction of the bearing axis, thereby further improving the aerodynamic properties. The extrusion pressure generated by the driving wind can be further increased. Concave should be understood in particular to mean that the wind deflector surface is curved into the cover element or the adapter unit.

[0011] The adapter unit is further improved if the wind deflector surface is designed to be at least partially convex in the direction of the bearing axis. The wind flow along the wind deflector surface can be kept as laminar or turbulence-free as possible due to the convex shape of the wind deflector surface. This allows a stable and as constant as possible contact pressure to be achieved. In particular, vibrations are prevented in this way, which could generate disruptive noises and / or could damage the adapter unit and / or the wiper device or impair its wiping performance. Convex should be understood in particular to mean that the wind deflector surface is arched out from the cover element or the adapter unit.

[0012] The adapter unit is further developed when the cover element and / or the base element has a rear axle, which is arranged on the side of the cover element facing away from the wind and on the underside of the cover element or on the side facing away from the windshield surface and is arranged as parallel as possible to the direction of the wiper arm and the windshield surface has a vertical minimum distance from the rear axle of between 0.8 cm and 2.0 cm, preferably between 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm, and the windshield surface has a vertical maximum distance from the rear axle of between 1.5 cm and 3.0 cm, preferably between 2.0 cm and 2.5 cm. In this way, the windshield surface is arranged outside the envisaged cylinder sleeve, which has a cylinder axis around the rear axle and has a cylinder radius of between 0.8 cm and 2.0 cm, preferably between 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm. In this way, the wind deflector surface is arranged inside a proposed cylinder sleeve, which has a cylinder axis around the rear axle and has a cylinder radius between 1.5 cm and 3.0 cm, preferably between 2.0 cm and 2.5 cm. A wind deflector surface shaped in this way provides particularly good aerodynamic properties and at the same time provides sufficient structural space for the basic unit or adapter unit.

[0013] If the adapter unit, in particular the cover element and / or the base element, has a wiper arm opening which, together with the windshield surface, encloses a wiper arm angle of between -15° and 15°, preferably between -5° and 5°, this has the advantage that the wiper arm can be accommodated particularly aerodynamically advantageously. This improves the aerodynamic properties of the system consisting of the adapter unit and the wiper arm and of the wiper device as a whole. The wiper arm opening is understood to be an opening for accommodating a wiper arm and / or a wiper rod of a wiper arm. The mounted wiper arm projects into the adapter unit through the wiper arm opening and is coupled there to the wiper arm receptacle. The wiper arm angle is understood to be an angle which is spanned between the opening direction pointing in the direction of the maximum extension of the wiper arm opening and the windshield surface. The mounted wiper arm is arranged at a wiper arm angle relative to the windshield surface. A negative wiper arm angle means that, in the mounted state of the wiper arm adapter unit, the opening direction is inclined relative to the windshield surface with the opening side facing away from the wind in the direction of the vehicle window. A positive wiper arm angle means that, in the mounted state of the wiper arm adapter unit, the opening direction is directed relative to the windshield surface with the opening side facing away from the vehicle window.

[0014] The aerodynamics of the adapter unit are further improved when a front tangent at a front point of the wind deflector surface, the front point being located on the edge of the wind deflector surface facing the wind, and the front tangent is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm, encloses a front angle of between 30° and 70°, preferably between 45° and 55° with the bearing axis. The front angle is spanned between the part of the front tangent pointing from the front point in the direction of the wind flow and the bearing axis.

[0015] The aerodynamics of the adapter unit are further improved if a rear tangent at a rear point on the wind deflector surface encloses a front angle of between 10° and 60°, preferably between 25° and 35° with the bearing axis, wherein the rear point is located on the edge of the wind deflector surface facing away from the wind and the rear tangent is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm. A rear angle is formed between the part of the rear tangent pointing from the rear point in the direction of the wind flow and the bearing axis.

[0016] The aerodynamics of the adapter unit are further improved when a central tangent at a central point on the wind deflector surface encloses a front angle of between 25° and 65°, preferably between 40° and 50° with the bearing axis, wherein the central point is located centrally between the edge of the wind deflector surface facing away from the wind and the edge facing the wind, and the central tangent is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm. A central angle is enclosed between the part of the central tangent pointing from the central point in the direction of the wind flow and the bearing axis.

[0017] If the adapter unit has an air guide surface which is arranged on the edge of the windshield surface facing away from the wind and encloses an air guide angle with the bearing axis between -25° and -65°, preferably between -40° and -50°, this has the advantage that turbulence behind the windshield surface is minimized. A negative air guide angle means that, in the mounted state of the wiper arm adapter unit, the air guide surface is inclined relative to the bearing axis with the side of the air guide surface facing away from the wind in the direction of the vehicle window. The covering element preferably has an air guide surface. Particularly preferably, the covering element is constructed integrally with the air guide surface. In a variant, the base element has an air guide surface. In some variants, the base element is preferably constructed integrally with the air guide surface.

[0018] In an advantageous embodiment variant, the air guide surface has a height deviation of between 1 mm and 6 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 5 mm, particularly preferably between 3 mm and 4 mm relative to the wind deflector surface, wherein the height deviation extends along the surface normal of the adapter base surface. In this way, turbulence on the side of the wind deflector surface facing away from the direction of wind flow can also be minimized better. In the mounted state of the wiper arm adapter unit, the adapter base surface is preferably oriented parallel or as parallel as possible to the vehicle window. Advantageously, the base element has an adapter base surface.

[0019] Another possibility to prevent turbulence is that the wind deflector surface protrudes at least 1 mm, preferably at least 2 mm, particularly preferably at least 5 mm from the adapter unit base surface with its edge facing away from the wind in the wind flow direction. In this way, a spoiler is constructed, which enables a particularly advantageous air flow.

[0020] If the cover element is designed to be fixedly connected to the base element so that the cover element connected to the base element is as immovable as possible relative to the base element, this has the advantage that the adapter unit is particularly robust and durable. In particular, the adapter unit is protected in this way against damage and / or wear caused by vibrations occurring during operation, in particular due to wind, and thus reliable operation is possible. For example, it is conceivable that the cover element is designed to be connectable to the base element by plugging and / or clipping and / or snapping and / or screwing.

[0021] Particularly advantageously, the adapter unit, in which the cover element is designed to be displaceable onto the base element, is designed to be displaceable, in particular in the direction of the wiper arm and / or as far as possible in the direction of the wiper arm. This enables a secure connection with a small overall height. In this way, good aerodynamic properties of the adapter unit can be ensured. Designed to be displaceable as far as possible in the direction of the wiper arm should be understood to mean displaceable in a displacement direction, wherein the displacement direction and the wiper arm direction enclose an angle which deviates from 0° by no more than 8°, advantageously by no more than 5°, particularly advantageously by no more than 2°.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the adapter unit (in which the covering element is constructed to be movable onto the basic element) is constructed such that the basic element has a guide rail and the covering element has a guide element, wherein the guide element is arranged to be guideable along the guide rail and wherein the covering element is as immovable as possible relative to the basic element perpendicular to the displacement direction when moved onto the basic element via the guide rail and the guide element.

[0023] In a particularly advantageous variant, the guide rail has a guide spring and the guide element has a guide groove, wherein the guide spring is designed to be guided in the guide groove in a form-fitting manner. This enables a particularly stable and reliable connection between the base element and the cover element.

[0024] The adapter unit has the advantage that a particularly simple and stable connection between the adapter unit and the wiper arm can be achieved in this way, in which adapter unit the wiper arm receptacle is provided for accommodating a wiper arm having a tongue-shaped connecting element and / or for accommodating a wiper arm having a sickle-shaped connecting element and / or for accommodating a wiper arm having a connecting element which at least partially has an elliptical segment, in particular a circular segment, wherein the elliptical segment preferably lies in a plane having the longitudinal axis of the wiper arm.

[0025] The adapter unit is particularly advantageous when the wiper arm receptacle has a cylinder and / or a cylinder section, wherein the cylinder and / or the cylinder section is provided for contacting a connecting element of the wiper arm and wherein a cylinder axis of the cylinder and / or the cylinder section is oriented parallel or largely parallel to the bearing axis.

[0026] A wiper system consisting of a wiper arm and an adapter unit according to the invention, wherein the wiper arm has a tongue-shaped connecting element and / or a sickle-shaped connecting element and / or a connecting element which at least partially has an elliptical segment, in particular a circular segment, wherein the elliptical segment preferably lies in a plane with the longitudinal axis of the wiper arm. In addition to the stability of the connection between wiper arm and adapter unit, such a wiper system also offers simple installability by the user.

[0027] A wiper system in which the wiper arm is twisted between a connecting element and a middle part of the wiper arm about a wiper arm direction, preferably by a twisting angle between 20° and 50°, particularly preferably between 30° and 40°, has the advantage that the aerodynamics in the connecting region between the wiper arm and the adapter unit can be optimized and at the same time the wiper arm can have an orientation in the middle part which is optimized, for example, with regard to the contact forces of the wiper arm against the connecting element. The middle part of the wiper arm is located in the wiper arm direction on the side of the wiper arm which is opposite the connecting element. The twisting angle is preferably spanned by a first wiper arm axis and a second wiper arm axis, wherein the first wiper arm axis and the second wiper arm axis are each oriented perpendicularly to the wiper arm direction, and the first wiper arm axis is oriented in the direction of the maximum width extension of the wiper arm on the connecting element, and the second wiper arm axis is oriented in the direction of the maximum width extension of the wiper arm on the middle part.

[0028] The wiper arm has an offset between the connecting element and the middle part and / or the connecting element and / or the end part of the wiper arm perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm has a deviation relative to the middle part of between 0.5 cm and 5.0 cm, preferably between 1.5 cm and 4.0 cm, particularly preferably between 2.5 cm and 3.0 cm. Preferably, the middle part of the wiper arm and the end part of the wiper arm are oriented parallel to one another or as parallel as possible, wherein the end part is the region of the wiper arm between the connecting element and the offset or deviation relative to the middle part. If the middle part and the end part are not arranged parallel to one another or as parallel as possible, the longitudinal orientation of the middle part preferably defines the direction of the wiper arm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Exemplary embodiments of an adapter unit according to the invention and of a wiper system according to the invention are shown in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description.

[0030] Figure 1 A wiper device is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 and 3 shows a cross-section through an adapter unit;

[0032] Figures 4 to 7 shows cross-sections through different variants of the adapter unit;

[0033] Figure 8 A perspective view showing a variant of the adapter unit;

[0034] Fig. 9 a wiper system is shown; and

[0035] Fig.10A section through a variant of the adapter unit is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In different embodiment variants, identical components are provided with identical reference numerals.

[0037] exist Figure 1 , a wiper device 10 is schematically shown in a side view, which comprises an adapter unit 12, a wiper arm 14 and a wiper blade 16. The wiper blade 16 is designed as a flat wiper blade. The wiper blade 16 is provided for cleaning a vehicle window 18. The adapter unit 12 comprises a cover element 20. The adapter unit comprises a base element 22. The wiper arm 16 comprises a wiper rod 24. In an exemplary embodiment, the main longitudinal extension direction of the wiper arm adapter unit is arranged parallel to the wiper arm direction 26. The main longitudinal extension direction of the wiper blade is arranged parallel to the wiper arm direction. In an advantageous variant, the main longitudinal extension direction of the wiper arm adapter unit is arranged at least as far as possible parallel to the wiper arm direction 26. In an advantageous variant, the main longitudinal extension direction of the wiper blade is arranged at least as far as possible parallel to the wiper arm direction.

[0038] Figure 2 A cross-section through the adapter unit 12 along line II-II is shown (see Figure 1 ). Figure 2 The drawing plane of is arranged perpendicular to the wiper arm direction 26. The covering element has a wind deflector surface 28. The base element has a wiper arm receptacle 30. The wiper arm receptacle 30 is provided for receiving the wiper arm pivotably about a bearing axis 32. The main angle 34 between the wind deflector surface and the bearing axis is 40° in the exemplary embodiment.

[0039] In the exemplary embodiment, the wind deflector surface is partially convex. Starting from the edge 36 facing the wind, the wind deflector surface first extends convexly in the direction of the wind flow direction 38. In the exemplary embodiment, the wind flow direction 38 is oriented as parallel as possible to the support axis 32. The edge 36 facing the wind (see Figure 1 )exist Figure 2 The front point 40 is marked in FIG. 1 , which is located on the edge 36 facing the wind.

[0040] In the embodiment, the wind deflector surface is partially concave. Starting from the edge 42 facing away from the wind, the wind deflector surface first extends concavely in the opposite direction of the wind flow direction 38. The edge 42 facing away from the wind (see Figure 1 )exist Figure 2 The rear point 44 is marked in FIG. 1 , which is located on the edge 42 facing away from the wind.

[0041] The rear axle 46 is arranged on the side 48 of the covering element facing away from the wind and on the underside 50 of the covering element. In the exemplary embodiment, the rear axle 46 extends as far as possible parallel to the wiper arm direction 26. Figure 2 In the embodiment, the rear axis 46 extends perpendicularly to the image plane and is marked by a dot. In the embodiment, the minimum distance 52 of the windshield surface from the rear axis is 1.2 cm. The maximum distance 54 of the windshield surface from the rear axis is 2.3 cm.

[0042] Figure 3 The adapter unit is shown in a side view from the wiper arm direction 26 (see Figure 1 ). In the embodiment, the cover element 20 has a wiper arm opening 56. The wiper arm opening and the windshield surface enclose a wiper arm angle of 0°. The opening direction 58 of the wiper arm opening is arranged parallel to the windshield surface. The wiper arm opening is an opening in the cover element through which the wiper arm can be introduced into the adapter unit. The wiper arm can be fixed to the wiper arm receptacle 30 in the adapter unit.

[0043] In the exemplary embodiment, the front tangent line 60 and the bearing axis at the front point 40 enclose a front angle 62 of 50° (see Figure 2 ). The rear tangent line 64 and the bearing axis at the rear point 44 enclose a rear angle 66 of 55°. Figure 4 An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 , in which the rear angle 66 is 10°.

[0044] In the exemplary embodiment, the central tangent line 68 and the bearing axis at the central point 70 enclose a central angle 72 of 45°.

[0045] Figure 4 The alternative embodiment shown has an air guide surface 74, which is arranged on the edge of the wind deflector surface facing away from the wind. The air guide surface and the bearing axis enclose an air guide angle 76 of -30°. The air guide surface has a height deviation 78 of 3 mm relative to the wind deflector surface. The height deviation 78 is measured along the surface normal 80 of the adapter base surface 82. Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the cover element 20 has an air guiding surface 74. Figure 5 In the variant shown, the base element 22 has an air guiding surface 22. In this variant, the air guiding surface has no height deviation 78 or a height deviation of 0 mm relative to the wind deflector surface.

[0046] exist Figure 6 , a further variant of the exemplary embodiment is shown in which the wind deflector surface with its edge 42 facing away from the wind is bulged by a bulge 84 of 3 mm in the direction of wind flow.

[0047] In the embodiment, the cover element is configured to be movable onto the base element in the direction of the wiper arm. The base element has two guide rails 86, which are arranged on the side of the base element facing away from the wind and on the side of the base element facing the wind (see Figure 2 ). The guide rails are arranged parallel to the direction of the wiper arm. The covering element has two guide elements 88 matched to the guide rails 86. The guide rails 86 have guide springs. The guide elements 88 have guide grooves. The guide grooves partially surround the guide springs. In this way, the covering element moved onto the basic element cannot move perpendicularly to the direction of the wiper arm as much as possible. The basic element and the covering element have a not shown latching connection, which is provided to latch once the covering element is completely moved onto the basic element, so that the covering element is fixed in this position and cannot move as much as possible in the direction of the wiper arm.

[0048] Figure 7 The illustration shows a variant of the base element 22 . Figure 7 The drawing plane of FIG is arranged perpendicular to the support axis 32. The position of the support axis 32 is Figure 7 The wiper receptacle 30 is provided for receiving a receptacle arm 14 having a tongue-shaped or sickle-shaped connecting element 90. Figure 7 In the variant shown, the connecting element 90 has an elliptical section which tapers at the end pointing away from the wiper arm. The wiper arm receptacle 30 has a cylindrical section 92 which is provided for contacting and supporting the connecting element 90. The cylindrical section 92 and the concavely shaped base element surface 94 together form an introduction channel 96 for the connecting element 90. The connecting element 90 can be introduced into the introduction channel 96 along the surface normal 80. If the wiper arm 14 is rotated into a position parallel to the wiper arm direction 26 after being introduced into the introduction channel, the connecting element 90 is hooked into the wiper arm receptacle 30 and can no longer be moved in the direction of the wiper arm. If the base element is covered with a covering element, the wiper arm is limited in its movement about the bearing axis 32 to such an extent that the connecting element always remains coupled to the wiper arm receptacle. The wiper arm opening is preferably designed so that the wiper arm can be pivoted about the bearing axis within the desired range.

[0049] exist Figure 8 , an isometric view of a variant of a wiper system consisting of a wiper arm 14 and an adapter unit 12 is shown. The wiper arm is twisted between the middle part 98 and the end part 100 about the wiper arm direction 26. Between the first wiper arm axis 102 and the second wiper arm axis 104 a twisting angle 106 of 45° is provided.

[0050] exist Fig. 91 shows a top view of a further variant of a wiper system consisting of a wiper arm 14 and an adapter unit 12. The drawing plane is spanned by the wind flow direction 38 and the wiper arm direction 26. The end part 100 with the connecting element 90 has a deviation 102 of 2.0 cm relative to the middle part 98 in the wind flow direction. Fig. 9 In the variant shown, the middle part and the end parts are oriented as parallel as possible to one another.

[0051] The wiper arm receptacle 56 can be positioned differently relative to the wind deflector surface 28. Fig.10 2 shows possible positions of wiper arm receptacles. A first wiper arm receptacle 56a is arranged at the front point 40. A second wiper arm receptacle 56b is arranged at the center point 70. A third wiper arm receptacle 56c is arranged at the rear point 44.

[0052] In an advantageous embodiment, the wind deflector surface 28 has a modified or special surface structure. The surface can be roughened at least in places and / or have a shark skin structure and / or a golf ball structure. Such a surface structure influences the air flow flowing over it. In this way, the aerodynamic properties of the wind deflector surface can be improved. In particular, it is possible to fine-tune the pressing force acting on the wind deflector surface by selecting the type and arrangement of the modified surface structure.

Claims

1. An adapter unit, which is provided for coupling a wiper blade and a wiper arm, and comprises a base element, a covering element and a wiper arm receiving portion, wherein the wiper arm receiving portion is provided for receiving the wiper arm pivotably about a bearing axis, wherein the covering element is configured to be connectable to the base element and to cover the wiper arm receiving portion as much as possible, and wherein the covering element comprises a wind deflector surface, wherein the wind deflector surface is provided for blocking air flowing through and pressing the wiper blade against a vehicle window, and wherein the base element is provided for receiving the wiper blade, characterized in that The wind deflector surface and the bearing axis enclose a main angle between 25° and 75°, and the adapter unit has a wiper arm opening which, together with the wind deflector surface, encloses a wiper arm angle between −15° and 15°.

2. The adapter unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The wind deflector surface is at least partially concave in the direction of the bearing axis.

3. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The wind deflector surface is at least partially convex in the direction of the bearing axis.

4. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The covering element and / or the basic element has a rear axle, which is arranged on the side of the covering element facing away from the wind and on the bottom side of the covering element or on the side facing away from the windshield surface and is arranged as parallel as possible to the direction of the wiper arm, and the windshield surface has a vertical minimum distance of between 0.8 cm and 2.0 cm with respect to the rear axle, and the windshield surface has a vertical maximum distance of between 1.5 cm and 3.0 cm with respect to the rear axle.

5. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A front tangent at a front point of the wind deflector surface, which is located on the edge of the wind deflector surface facing the wind, encloses a front angle of between 30° and 70° with the bearing axis, wherein the front point is located on the edge of the wind deflector surface facing the wind and is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm.

6. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A rear tangent at a rear point on the wind deflector surface encloses a front angle of between 10° and 60° with the bearing axis, wherein the rear point is located on the edge of the wind deflector surface facing away from the wind and the rear tangent is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm.

7. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A center tangent at a center point on the wind deflector surface encloses a front angle of between 25° and 65° with the bearing axis, wherein the center point is located halfway between the edge of the wind deflector surface facing away from the wind and the edge facing the wind, and the center tangent is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm.

8. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The adapter unit has an air guiding surface which is arranged behind an edge of the wind deflector surface facing away from the wind and which encloses an air guiding angle of between −25° and −65° with the bearing axis.

9. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The wind deflector surface protrudes at least 1 mm from the base surface of the adapter unit along the wind flow direction with its edge facing away from the wind.

10. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The cover element is designed to be fixedly connectable to the base element, so that the cover element connected to the base element is largely immovable relative to the base element.

11. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The cover element is designed to be movable onto the base element.

12. The adapter unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The wiper arm receptacle is provided for receiving a wiper arm having a tongue-shaped connecting element and / or for receiving a wiper arm having a sickle-shaped connecting element and / or for receiving a wiper arm having a connecting element which at least partially has an elliptical segment.

13. The adapter unit according to claim 12, characterized in that The wiper arm receptacle comprises a cylinder and / or a cylinder section, wherein the cylinder and / or the cylinder section are provided for contacting a connecting element of the wiper arm and wherein a cylinder axis of the cylinder and / or the cylinder section is oriented parallel or largely parallel to the bearing axis.

14. The adapter unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The adapter unit is provided for detachably coupling a wiper blade and a wiper arm.

15. The adapter unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The wind deflector surface and the bearing axis enclose a main angle of between 40° and 60°.

16. The adapter unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The cover element and / or the base element has a wiper arm opening which, together with the wind deflector surface, encloses a wiper arm angle of between −5° and 5°.

17. The adapter unit according to claim 4, characterized in that The wind deflector surface has a vertical minimum distance relative to the rear axle of between 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm.

18. The adapter unit according to claim 4, characterized in that The wind deflector surface has a vertical maximum distance relative to the rear axle of between 2.0 cm and 2.5 cm.

19. The adapter unit according to claim 5, characterized in that A front tangent at a front point of the wind deflector surface encloses a front angle of between 45° and 55° with the bearing axis.

20. The adapter unit according to claim 6, characterized in that A rear tangent at a rear point on the wind deflector surface encloses a front angle of between 25° and 35° with the bearing axis.

21. The adapter unit according to claim 7, characterized in that A central tangent at a central point on the wind deflector surface encloses a front angle of between 40° and 50° with the bearing axis.

22. The adapter unit according to claim 8, characterized in that The air guiding surface encloses an air guiding angle of between −40° and −50° with the bearing axis.

23. The adapter unit according to claim 9, characterized in that The wind deflector surface protrudes at least 2 mm from the base surface of the adapter unit along the wind flow direction with its edge facing away from the wind.

24. The adapter unit according to claim 9, characterized in that The wind deflector surface protrudes from the base surface of the adapter unit by at least 5 mm along the wind flow direction with its edge facing away from the wind.

25. The adapter unit according to claim 11, characterized in that The covering element is designed to be displaceable in the direction of the wiper arm and / or approximately in the direction of the wiper arm.

26. The adapter unit according to claim 12, characterized in that The connecting element at least partially has a circular section.

27. The adapter unit according to claim 12, characterized in that The elliptical segment lies in a plane having the longitudinal axis of the wiper arm.

28. A wiper system comprising a wiper arm and an adapter unit according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 27, characterized in that The wiper arm has a tongue-shaped connecting element and / or has a sickle-shaped connecting element and / or has a connecting element which at least partially has an elliptical segment.

29. The wiper system according to claim 28, characterized in that The wiper arm is twisted about a wiper arm direction between the connecting element and the central part of the wiper arm.

30. The wiper system according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that The wiper arm has an offset between the connecting element and the middle part and / or the connecting element and / or an end part of the wiper arm perpendicular to the direction of the wiper arm has a deviation relative to the middle part, which is between 0.5 cm and 5.0 cm.

31. The wiper system according to claim 28, characterized in that The connecting element at least partially has a circular section.

32. The wiper system according to claim 28, characterized in that The elliptical segment lies in a plane having the longitudinal axis of the wiper arm.

33. The wiper system according to claim 29, characterized in that The wiper arm is twisted between the connecting element and the central part of the wiper arm about the wiper arm direction by a twisting angle of between 20° and 50°.

34. The wiper system according to claim 29, characterized in that The wiper arm is twisted between the connecting element and the central part of the wiper arm about the wiper arm direction by a twisting angle of between 30° and 40°.

35. The wiper system according to claim 30, characterized in that The deviation is between 1.5 cm and 4.0 cm.

36. The wiper system according to claim 30, characterized in that The deviation is between 2.5 cm and 3.0 cm.

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