An adjustable broadband antenna with built-in tail and rudder compatible

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable broadband antenna compatible with a built-in tail and a rudder, comprising an upper arm, a lower arm and a support frame; a square groove is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the upper arm, a boss is arranged at the lower part of the square groove, a through hole is arranged in the middle part of the boss, a slot corresponding to the upper arm is arranged above the support frame, the bottom of the upper arm is inserted into the slot, and through holes are arranged in the middle of the support frame and the lower arm; the feeder passes through the middle through hole of the lower arm, the inner conductor of the feeder passes through the through holes on the support frame and the upper arm in turn, and is welded to the upper arm at the boss at the lower part of the square groove; the feeder passes through the middle through hole of the lower arm, and the outer conductor of the feeder is welded to the lower arm at the welding groove at the top of the lower arm. The antenna has a simple structure, compact size, and adjustable characteristics, and the upper arm body can be cut according to the shape of the rudder surface to meet the requirements of rapid iterative design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of airborne antennas, and in particular is an adjustable broadband antenna with built-in tail wing and control surface compatibility. Background Art

[0002] As the communication equipment of the aircraft, the airborne antenna not only has strict requirements on its performance, but also has requirements on the size and structure of the antenna due to the structural characteristics of the aircraft. At present, the common forms of airborne antennas are exposed antennas and internal antennas. The exposed antenna has good omnidirectionality, but its exposed part affects the aerodynamic performance and stealth performance of the aircraft. In order to weaken the impact of the antenna on the aerodynamics of the aircraft, a common method is to add a tail bracket to the tail of the aircraft and place the antenna inside the tail bracket. However, the additional tail bracket will still have a certain impact on the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft and increase the air resistance of the aircraft; and because the antenna is exposed, it will increase the reflection area of ​​the aircraft on the radar.

[0003] The most ideal way is to place the antenna in the existing structure of the aircraft, such as built into the tail of the aircraft. In order to ensure the maneuverability of the aircraft, the tail of the aircraft is generally designed with a control surface. When pursuing higher control efficiency, it is necessary to increase the control surface area, which will squeeze the installation space of the built-in antenna. Therefore, the built-in tail antenna cannot adopt a symmetrical structure like traditional airborne antennas. The antenna structure must be designed for compatibility to meet the compatibility requirements with the tail control surface.

[0004] Aircraft systems are complex and highly technology-intensive. Multiple rounds of iterations are required during the design phase. In order to speed up the design process, there is an urgent need for an airborne antenna that is adjustable and can accommodate local corrections to the antenna's surrounding structure within a certain range. In order to meet the needs of frequency hopping and spread spectrum communication systems, airborne antenna systems, especially drone airborne antenna systems, need to have broadband characteristics. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an airborne antenna compatible with the rudder surface in view of the shortcomings of the prior art. The antenna is built into the vertical tail wing, which will not affect the aerodynamic performance and stealth performance of the aircraft, and solves the problem that the general antenna structure is too symmetrical to be compatible with the complex rudder surface of the tail wing.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A built-in tail wing and rudder-compatible adjustable broadband antenna comprises an upper arm, a lower arm and a support frame; a square groove is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the upper arm, a boss is arranged at the lower part of the square groove, a through hole is arranged in the middle of the boss, a slot corresponding to the upper arm is arranged above the support frame, the bottom of the upper arm is inserted into the slot, and through holes are arranged in the middle of the support frame and the lower arm; a feeder passes through the middle through hole of the lower arm, an inner conductor of the feeder passes through the through holes on the support frame and the upper arm in turn, and is welded to the upper arm at the boss at the lower part of the square groove; the feeder passes through the middle through hole of the lower arm, and an outer conductor of the feeder is welded to the lower arm at the welding groove at the top of the lower arm.

[0008] Specifically, threaded holes are provided at the front and rear of the support frame, and corresponding through holes are provided at the lower part of the upper arm, and the upper arm is fixedly connected to the support frame by a set of fastening screws.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper arm includes an upper arm body and an adjustment branch, and the adjustment branch is located at the top of the upper arm body. The upper arm body can be cut according to the shape of the rudder surface, so that the antenna installation and the space occupied by the rudder surface are compatible, thereby solving the coordination problem between the mechanical performance and electromagnetic performance of the tail wing, and the antenna can be placed inside the tail wing.

[0010] Specifically, a through hole is opened on the side of the support frame, and a corresponding threaded hole is opened on the upper part of the lower arm, and the lower arm is fixedly connected to the support frame by a group of fastening screws.

[0011] Specifically, the feeder is placed in the lower arm body after passing through the middle through hole of the lower arm, and the lower arm cover is fixedly connected to the lower arm body by a set of fastening screws.

[0012] Preferably, the upper arm and the lower arm are both plate-shaped, and the thickness of the upper arm is much lower than that of the lower arm. The plate-shaped structure of the upper arm and the lower arm of the antenna makes the antenna have broadband characteristics. The joint of the upper arm and the lower arm adopts a cut-angle design to further broaden the bandwidth of the antenna, meeting the broadband communication requirements of the aircraft.

[0013] Specifically, the antenna is built into the tail wing of the aircraft, and hard foam plastic is filled between the tail wing of the aircraft; a metal structure to enhance the strength of the tail wing is provided at the bottom of the tail wing, and the antenna is placed above the metal structure.

[0014] Compared with traditional airborne antennas, the upper arm and lower arm of this airborne antenna are asymmetrical. The upper arm can be adjusted according to the rudder structure to meet the compatibility requirements of the antenna installation space and the rudder. In addition, the thickness of the upper arm of the antenna is much lower than that of the lower arm, which can adapt to the characteristics of the tail space being narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] The antenna has a simple structure, compact size, and adjustable characteristics. The upper arm body can be cut according to the shape of the rudder surface to meet the requirements of rapid iteration design. At the same time, the antenna is a broadband antenna that meets the requirements of frequency hopping and spread spectrum communication systems. It is especially suitable for small aircraft such as drones. It effectively solves the compatibility problem between the mechanical properties and electromagnetic properties of the tail. The antenna can be placed inside the tail of the aircraft without increasing the reflection area of ​​the radar, ensuring the stealth performance of the aircraft, and has good use and promotion effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become more clear.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the entire structure of the UAV tail;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the built-in tail and rudder compatible broadband adjustable antenna and aircraft tail installation structure;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the built-in tail and rudder compatible broadband adjustable antenna;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper arm of the antenna;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower arm of the antenna.

[0023] Figure 6 This is the simulation diagram of the antenna’s standing wave ratio.

[0024] Among them, each figure mark represents: 1. UAV body; 2. Aircraft tail; 3. Rudder; 4. Built-in tail and rudder compatible broadband adjustable antenna; 5. Upper arm; 6. Lower arm; 7. Hard foam plastic; 8. Metal structure; 9. Adjustment branch; 10. Upper arm body; 11. Square groove; 12. Boss; 13. Support frame; 14. Lower arm body; 15. Lower arm cover; 16. Lower arm welding groove; 17. Fastening screw one; 18. Fastening screw two; 19. Fastening screw three; 20. Fastening screw four; 21. Fastening screw five; 22. Fastening screw six; 23. Fastening screw seven; 24. Fastening screw eight; 25. Fastening screw nine; 26. Fastening screw ten; 27. Fastening screw eleven; 28. Fastening screw twelve; 29. ​​Fastening screw thirteen; 30. Fastening screw fourteen; 31. Fastening screw fifteen; 32. Fastening screw sixteen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention can be better understood with reference to the following examples.

[0026] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of the specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "middle" and so on quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical contents.

[0027] See attached Figures 3 to 5 The built-in tail and rudder compatible broadband adjustable antenna 4 comprises an upper arm 5, a lower arm 6 and a support frame 13; a square slot 11 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the upper arm 5, a boss 12 is provided at the lower part of the square slot 11, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the boss 12. A slot corresponding to the upper arm 5 is provided above the support frame 13, and the bottom of the upper arm 5 is inserted into the slot. Through holes are provided in the middle of the support frame 13 and the lower arm 6. The feeder passes through the middle through hole of the lower arm 6, and the conductor in the feeder passes through the through holes on the support frame 13 and the upper arm 5 in turn, and is welded to the upper arm 5 at the boss at the lower part of the square slot 11.

[0028] The feeder line passes through the middle through hole of the lower arm 6, and the outer conductor of the feeder line is welded together in the lower arm welding groove 16.

[0029] Threaded holes are provided at the front and rear of the support frame 13, and corresponding through holes are provided at the lower part of the upper arm 5. The upper arm 5 is fixedly connected to the support frame 13 by fastening screws 17 and 18. Through holes are also provided at the side of the support frame 13, and corresponding threaded holes are provided at the upper part of the lower arm 6. The lower arm 6 is fixedly connected to the support frame 13 by fastening screws 3 19, 4 20, 5 21, and 6 22. After the feeder passes through the middle through hole of the lower arm 6, the feeder is placed in the lower arm body 14, and then the lower arm cover 15 is fixedly connected to the lower arm body 14 by fastening screws 7 23, 8 24, 9 25, 10 26, 11 27, 12 28, 13 29, 14 30, 15 31, and 16 32.

[0030] The groove above the boss is a square groove 11. The upper arm 5 and the lower arm 6 are both plate-shaped structures, so that the antenna has broadband characteristics. The thickness of the upper arm 5 is much lower than that of the lower arm 6, so as to adapt to the characteristics of the aircraft tail 2 being thin at the top and thick at the bottom.

[0031] In the present invention, the upper arm 5 adopts an adjustable structure, so that the antenna installation and the space occupied by the rudder surface are compatible.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the built-in tail and control surface compatible broadband adjustable antenna 4 is built into the tail 2 of the aircraft, and a hard foam plastic 7 is filled between the built-in tail and control surface compatible broadband adjustable antenna 4 and the tail 2 of the aircraft. A metal structure 8 is provided at the bottom of the tail 2 of the aircraft to enhance its strength, and the built-in tail and control surface compatible broadband adjustable antenna 4 is placed above the metal structure 8.

[0033] The built-in tail and rudder compatible broadband adjustable antenna 4 includes an upper arm body 10, an adjustment branch 9, a lower arm 6, and a support frame 13. The main functions of the upper arm body 10 and the lower arm 6 are to radiate and receive electromagnetic waves. In order to be compatible with the rudder 3, the upper arm body 10 needs to be reasonably tangent processed. The adjustment branch 9 at the top of the upper arm body 10 can make up for the deficiencies in the radiation performance of the upper arm 5 caused by the tangent operation. The upper arm 5 and the lower arm 6 both adopt a plate-like structure to achieve the broadband characteristics of the antenna. The cut-angle structure at the junction of the upper arm 5 and the lower arm 6 further expands the bandwidth of the antenna. The support frame 13 is located between the upper arm 5 and the lower arm 6, and is located in the middle. Its main function is to support and position the upper arm 5 and the lower arm 6 and to position the feeding point.

[0034] See attached Figure 6 The simulation diagram of the antenna's standing wave ratio has been verified through performance testing, ground simulation environment testing and flight experiments, and can fully meet the requirements of UAVs. This technology can be promoted and applied in some other structural antennas.

[0035] The present invention provides a concept and method for a built-in tail and rudder compatible adjustable broadband antenna. There are many methods and ways to implement the technical solution. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by existing technologies.

Claims

1. A built-in tail and rudder compatible adjustable broadband antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper arm (5), a lower arm (6) and a support frame (13); a square groove (11) is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the upper arm (5); a boss (12) is arranged at the bottom of the square groove (11); a through hole is arranged in the middle of the boss (12); a slot corresponding to the upper arm (5) is arranged above the support frame (13); the bottom of the upper arm (5) is inserted into the slot; and through holes are arranged in the middle of the support frame (13) and the lower arm (6); a feeder line passes through the middle through hole of the lower arm (6); an inner conductor of the feeder line passes through the through holes on the support frame (13) and the upper arm (5) in turn, and is welded to the upper arm (5) at the boss (12) at the bottom of the square groove (11); the feeder line passes through the middle through hole of the lower arm (6); and an outer conductor of the feeder line is welded to the lower arm (6) at the welding groove (16) at the top of the lower arm; The support frame (13) is provided with threaded holes at the front and rear, and the lower part of the upper arm (5) is provided with corresponding through holes, and the upper arm (5) is fixedly connected to the support frame (13) by a set of fastening screws; The upper arm (5) comprises an upper arm body (10) and an adjustment branch (9), wherein the adjustment branch (9) is located at the top of the upper arm body (10).

2. The built-in tail and control surface compatible adjustable broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is provided on the side of the support frame (13), and a corresponding threaded hole is provided on the upper portion of the lower arm (6); the lower arm (6) is fixedly connected to the support frame (13) by a set of fastening screws.

3. The built-in tail and control surface compatible adjustable broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeder is placed in the lower arm body (14) after passing through the middle through hole of the lower arm (6), and the lower arm cover plate (15) is fixedly connected to the lower arm body (14) by a set of fastening screws.

4. The built-in tail wing and control surface compatible adjustable broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper arm (5) and the lower arm (6) both adopt a plate-like structure, and the thickness of the upper arm (5) is much smaller than that of the lower arm (6).

5. The built-in tail and control surface compatible adjustable broadband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna is built into the tail wing (2) of the aircraft, and a hard foam plastic (7) is filled between the tail wing (2) of the aircraft; a metal structure (8) for enhancing the strength of the tail wing (2) is provided at the bottom of the tail wing (2), and the antenna is placed above the metal structure (8).

Images