A high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device

Abstract

The invention provides a high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device, comprising a seedling placing mechanism and a seedling taking and throwing mechanism; the seedlings are tightly placed in the seedling holding box through the seedling placing mechanism and a conveyor belt, so that the seedlings are always present at the seedling taking opening at the bottom, and the seedlings are prevented from being missed; a rack and a shift fork are driven by a driving motor to realize rapid reciprocating motion, the shift fork is turned over by a downward pressing roller to throw the seedlings, and the shift fork is reset by a reset roller, so as to realize high-speed seedling taking and throwing action, and the speed control of seedling taking and throwing can be realized by controlling the motor speed to meet the requirements of different planting speeds, the structure is simple and efficient, and the transplanting efficiency of the transplanter is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of transplanters, in particular to a high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device. Background Art

[0002] Transplanters have been widely used in agricultural production, greatly improving the planting efficiency of crops that need to be planted. Among the currently known transplanters, the rice transplanter has a fast and efficient operation efficiency, and the technology is relatively mature. The row spacing and plant spacing of the transplanter are large, and the planting speed is fast, which is suitable for transplanting large-scale rice seedlings; but for the transplanting of vegetables and Chinese medicinal materials, the speed of taking and throwing seedlings is the key to affecting the transplanting efficiency. When planting crops such as vegetables, there are clamping methods for automatic seedling taking and manual seedling throwing, but the speed is slow and the efficiency is low. When the row spacing and plant spacing are large, the planting area per unit time can still meet the requirements of its planting efficiency. However, for the planting of Chinese medicinal materials such as Ophiopogon japonicus, due to its large planting density, according to agronomic requirements, its plant spacing and row spacing are as small as only 6-8cm, and the number of plants per mu is more than 100,000 plants. Obviously, it is not realistic to throw seedlings manually at this time. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to design a high-speed automatic seedling removal device to meet the requirements of fast and efficient transplanting of Ophiopogon japonicus and reduce the labor intensity of workers. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing transplanting machines and provide a high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device to meet the requirements of fast and efficient mechanized transplanting of Ophiopogon japonicus.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device, comprising a seedling placing mechanism and a seedling taking and throwing mechanism, wherein the seedling taking and throwing mechanism is installed below the seedling placing mechanism.

[0005] The seedling placement mechanism includes: a seedling box, a conveyor belt, rollers, a roller fixing seat, a conveying motor and a conveying motor support; a T-shaped slide groove is provided at the bottom of the seedling box, and the inner bottom surface is designed as an inclined surface; the rollers are installed on both sides of the seedling box by roller fixing seats; the conveyor belt is installed on the rollers, and the conveying motor is installed on the seedling box by the conveying motor support, and the conveying motor is connected to the rollers through a coupling.

[0006] The seedling taking and throwing mechanism comprises: a rack push rod, a shift fork, a shift fork shaft, a permanent magnet, a drive motor, a drive motor support, an intermittent gear, a gear support, a gear shaft, a compression spring, a compression spring support, a reset roller, a reset roller shaft, a pressing roller, a pressing roller shaft, a pressing roller support, and a self-lubricating bearing.

[0007] The rack push rod is installed in the T-shaped slide groove at the bottom of the seedling box, the permanent magnet is installed in the magnet fixing groove of the fork, the fork is connected to the fork shaft through a self-lubricating bearing installed in the middle through hole, and the fork shaft is installed in the front end through hole of the rack push rod.

[0008] The gear support is installed at the bottom of the seedling box, the intermittent gear is installed on the gear shaft, the intermittent gear is designed to have two parts, one with teeth and one without teeth, along the circumference, the toothed part can mesh with the rack push rod, the gear shaft is fixed on the gear support, and is connected to the driving motor through a coupling.

[0009] The compression spring support is installed at the bottom of the seedling box and is connected to one end of the compression spring. The other end of the compression spring is fixed in the compression spring fixing groove at the rear end of the rack push rod. The pressing roller is installed on the pressing roller support through the pressing roller shaft. The pressing roller support is installed at the seedling taking port at the bottom of the seedling box. The reset roller is installed on the gear support through the reset roller shaft.

[0010] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the speed of taking and throwing seedlings can be controlled by setting the rotation speed of the driving motor to meet the needs of different planting speeds; the seedlings are driven to move toward the seedling taking port by the provided conveyor belt, so that there are always seedlings at the seedling taking port to prevent missing; the seedlings are placed obliquely by the inclined surface provided at the bottom of the seedling containing box to ensure that when the rack push rod is pushed outward, the seedling claws of the shift fork are just forked at the roots of the seedlings, and the seedlings are not easily damaged; by providing a pressing roller and a reset roller, and combining the reciprocating motion of the rack push rod, the shift fork can quickly complete the actions of taking, throwing and resetting the seedlings, and the structure is simple and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic seedling taking and dropping device.

[0012] Figure 2 It is the left view of the automatic seedling taking and dropping device.

[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the AA portion in FIG.

[0014] Figure 4 It is a front view of the automatic seedling taking and dropping device.

[0015] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged cross-sectional view of the BB portion of the structure shown.

[0016] Figure 6 This is the structural diagram of the fork parts.

[0017] Figure 7 This is the structure diagram of the rack push rod parts.

[0018] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. seedling placement mechanism; 2. seedling taking and throwing mechanism; 11. seedling box; 111. T-shaped slide; 112. inclined plane; 113. seedling taking port; 12. conveyor belt; 13. roller; 14. roller fixing seat; 15. conveying motor; 16. conveying motor support; 201. rack push rod; 2011. front end through hole; 2012. compression spring fixing groove; 2013. limit groove; 202. shift fork; 2021. magnet fixing groove; 2022. seedling claw; 2023. middle through hole hole; 2024. front curved surface; 2025. rear curved surface; 203. fork shaft; 204. permanent magnet; 205. drive motor; 206. drive motor support; 207. intermittent gear; 208. gear support; 209. gear shaft; 212. compression spring; 213. compression spring support; 214. reset roller; 215. reset roller shaft; 216. pressure roller; 217. pressure roller shaft; 218. pressure roller support; 219. self-lubricating bearing; 221. seedling cup. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 7 A high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device comprises: a seedling placing mechanism 1 and a seedling taking and throwing mechanism 2, wherein the seedling taking and throwing mechanism 2 is installed below the seedling placing mechanism 1.

[0021] The seedling placement mechanism 1 includes: a seedling box 11, a conveyor belt 12, rollers 13, a roller fixing seat 14, a conveying motor 15 and a conveying motor support 16; the bottom 11 of the seedling box is provided with a T-shaped slide groove 111, and the inner bottom surface is designed as an inclined surface 112, the rollers 13 are installed on both sides of the seedling box 11 through the roller fixing seat 14, the conveyor belt 12 is installed on the rollers 13, and the conveying motor 15 is installed on the seedling box 11 through the conveying motor support 16, the conveying motor 15 is connected to the rollers 13 through a coupling, and the inner side of the conveyor belt 12 is in contact with the seedlings to ensure that the seedlings can be reliably transported to the seedling removal port 113 below.

[0022] The seedling taking and throwing mechanism 2 includes: a rack push rod 201, a fork 202, a fork shaft 203, a permanent magnet 204, a drive motor 205, a drive motor support 206, an intermittent gear 207, a gear support 208, a gear shaft 209, a compression spring 212, a compression spring support 213, a reset roller 214, a reset roller shaft 215, a downward pressure roller 216, a downward pressure roller shaft 217, a downward pressure roller support 218, and a self-lubricating bearing 219.

[0023] The rack push rod 201 is installed in the T-shaped slide groove 111 at the bottom of the seedling box 11, the permanent magnet 204 is installed in the magnet fixing groove 2021 of the fork 202, the fork 202 is installed on the fork shaft 203 through the self-lubricating bearing 219 in the middle through hole 2023, and the fork shaft 203 is installed in the front end through hole 2011 of the rack push rod 201.

[0024] The gear support 208 is installed at the bottom of the seedling box 11, the intermittent gear 207 is installed on the gear shaft 209 and meshes with the rack push rod 201, the gear shaft 209 is fixed on the gear support 208 by a bearing, and is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 205 through a coupling.

[0025] The compression spring support 213 is installed at the bottom of the seedling box and is connected to one end of the compression spring 212. The other end of the compression spring 212 is fixed in the compression spring fixing groove 2012 at the rear end of the rack push rod 201. The pressing roller 216 is installed on the pressing roller support 218 through the pressing roller shaft 217. The pressing roller support 218 is installed at the seedling removal port 113 at the bottom of the seedling box 11. The reset roller 214 is installed on the gear support 208 by the reset roller shaft 215.

[0026] When in use, the toothless arc segment on the intermittent gear 207 contacts the tooth top of the rack push rod 201. At this time, the intermittent gear 207 and the rack push rod 201 are in a non-engaged state. The rack push rod 201 retreats to the leftmost end under the action of the compression spring 212. The compression spring 212 is at the maximum extension length. The permanent magnet 204 installed on the fork 202 is adsorbed in the limit groove 2013, ensuring that the seedling claw 2022 of the fork 202 is at the highest seedling picking position. During startup, the driving motor 205 drives the intermittent gear 207 to rotate clockwise, the toothed part of the intermittent gear 207 and the rack push rod 201 begin to mesh, the rack push rod 201 moves forward, the compression spring 212 begins to compress, the fork 202 moves forward driven by the rack push rod 201, the seedling claw 2022 gradually inserts into the root of the seedling and pushes the seedling forward. Since the bottom of the seedling box 11 is a slope 112, the seedling claw 2022 is inserted into the root of the seedling and will not damage the seedling. When the fork 202 moves to the right and the front curved surface 2024 contacts the pressing roller 216, the fork 202 is turned 90° clockwise around the fork shaft 203 under the action of the pressing roller 216, and the seedling is completely pushed out from the seedling taking port 113 and put into the seedling receiving cup 221 below. At this time, the rack push rod 201 reaches the maximum pushing distance, the compression spring 212 is compressed to the tightest position, the intermittent gear 207 and the rack push rod 201 begin to withdraw from the meshing, and the toothless arc segment part on the intermittent gear 207 contacts the rack push rod 201. The rack push rod 201 quickly retreats under the action of the compression spring 212, and when it retreats to the rear curved surface 2025 of the fork 202 and contacts the reset roller 214, the fork 202 is reversed 90° again, so that the seedling claw 2022 reaches the highest seedling taking position, and the permanent magnet 204 is adsorbed in the limiting groove 2013, entering the next working cycle. In the course of work, Figure 2 The conveyor belt 12 on the left side rotates clockwise, and the conveyor belt 12 on the right side rotates counterclockwise, and the seedlings move downward under the action of the conveyor belts 12 on both sides to ensure that the seedling taking port 113 has seedlings at any time to avoid missing.

[0027] The invention can control the speed of taking and throwing seedlings by setting the rotation speed of the driving motor to meet the needs of different planting speeds.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device, characterized in that: The device comprises a seedling placement mechanism (1) and a seedling taking and throwing mechanism (2), wherein the seedling taking and throwing mechanism (2) is installed below the seedling placement mechanism (1); the seedling placement mechanism (1) comprises: a seedling box (11), a conveyor belt (12), a roller (13), a roller fixing seat (14), a conveying motor (15) and a conveying motor support (16); the bottom of the seedling box (11) is provided with a T-shaped slide groove (111), and the inner bottom surface is designed as an inclined surface (112); the roller (13) is installed on both sides of the seedling box (11) by the roller fixing seat (14); the conveyor belt (12) is installed on the roller (13); the conveying motor (15) is installed on both sides of the seedling box (11) by the conveying motor support (16); and the conveying motor (15) is connected to the roller (13) by a coupling; The seedling taking and throwing mechanism (2) comprises: a rack push rod (201), a shift fork (202), a driving motor (205), an intermittent gear (207), a compression spring (212), a compression spring support (213), a reset roller (214), a lower pressure roller (216), and a self-lubricating bearing (219). The rack push rod (201) is installed in a T-shaped slide groove (111) at the bottom of the seedling box (11), and the rack push rod (201) is meshed with the intermittent gear (207). A shift fork (202) is installed at the front end of the rack push rod (201), a compression spring (212) is installed at the rear end of the rack push rod (201), a permanent magnet (204) is installed in the magnet fixing groove (2021) of the shift fork (202), the shift fork (202) is installed on the shift fork shaft (203) through a self-lubricating bearing (219) installed in a middle through hole (2023), and the shift fork shaft (203) is installed in the front end through hole (2011) of the rack push rod (201); The bottom of the seedling box (11) is fixedly provided with a gear support (208), a gear shaft (209) is provided on the gear support (208), and the gear shaft (209) is connected to the driving motor (205) through a coupling; the intermittent gear (207) is provided on the gear shaft (209), and the intermittent gear (207) is designed to have two parts, one with teeth and one without teeth, along the circumference, and the part with teeth can mesh with the rack push rod (201); the pressing roller (216) is provided with a toothed part through the pressing roller shaft (217) The lower pressure roller support (218) is mounted on the seedling taking port (113) at the bottom of the seedling box (11); the reset roller (214) is mounted on the gear support (208) via the reset roller shaft (215); the compression spring support (213) is mounted on the bottom of the seedling box (11) and connected to one end of the compression spring (212); the other end of the compression spring (212) is fixed in the compression spring fixing groove (2012) at the rear end of the rack push rod (201).

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