A medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fractures

Abstract

The present invention relates to a medical rapid reduction internal fixation system for proximal humeral fractures, comprising a reduction and fixation assembly, an angle fixer and an outer plate assembly; the reduction and fixation assembly comprises a fixing plate and a reduction rod, one side of the fixing plate is provided with a plurality of fixing pins, and the other side is provided with a connecting rod; the reduction rod comprises a coaxially arranged reduction inner rod and a reduction outer tube; the angle fixer comprises an angle fixing plate and an angle fixing sleeve, the angle fixing plate is fixed on the outer wall of the angle fixing sleeve, a fixing groove is provided on the angle fixing plate, and a sleeve through hole for sleeve-arranging the connecting rod is provided on the angle fixing sleeve; the outer plate assembly comprises an outer plate body, a sleeve hole and a plate groove are provided on the outer plate body, and a humeral head nail hole, a slot hole and a humeral shaft nail hole are also provided on the outer plate body. The present invention can effectively solve the problems that the existing proximal humeral fracture surgery needs to be reduced first, the operation is cumbersome, the temporary fixation affects the surgical field of view, the fixation is unstable, and the adjustment is difficult when the reduction is inappropriate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medical auxiliary equipment, and in particular to a medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fractures. Background Art

[0002] Most proximal humeral fractures are osteoporotic fractures, which are comminuted fractures, and are classified into two-part, three-part, and four-part fractures. Two-part and three-part fractures are relatively complete, and surgical fixation is relatively easy; but four-part fractures are more difficult to reduce and fix. Under existing technical conditions, the general surgical fixation method for fractures is open reduction first, and then internal fixation. Fixation after reduction can prevent adhesion in the shoulder joint, and at the same time provide a relatively stable environment for the fracture, accelerating the recovery of joint mobility.

[0003] Currently, the two most commonly used methods of internal fixation are plate fixation and intramedullary nail fixation. Among them, plate internal fixation includes fixing the fracture with a plate and screws, and intramedullary nailing is to insert the main nail from the proximal end of the humerus and fix the humeral head and humeral shaft through multiple locking nails. The disadvantages of these two fixation methods are as follows: (1) Both require reduction first to align the fracture position and alignment. After the reduction is completed, temporary fixation is required. Generally, temporary fixation is performed with Kirschner wires. Temporary fixation is unstable and can cause damage to bone tissue; (2) After temporary fixation, X-ray fluoroscopy is required to confirm whether the reduction is good. If the reduction is not good, re-reduction and temporary fixation are required, which is troublesome to repeat. At the same time, the patient is always in a state of continuous blood loss and anesthesia, and the patient and the surgeon are also in a state of repeated X-ray exposure; (3) After temporary fixation, fine-tuning cannot be performed on the existing basis. If the reduction is not appropriate, the temporary fixation needs to be removed, and re-reduction and temporary fixation are performed; (4) After successful reduction, during the installation of permanent internal fixation, the temporary fixation may be displaced. After installing the plate or intramedullary nail, it may be found that the fracture reduction is not in the ideal state; (5) The Kirschner wires used for temporary fixation will occupy the surgical field of view, affecting the installation of the plate or intramedullary nail.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design a new technical solution to comprehensively solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fractures, which can effectively solve the problems of existing proximal humeral fracture surgery that requires reduction first, cumbersome operation, temporary fixation affecting the surgical field of view, unstable fixation, and difficulty in adjustment when reduction is inappropriate.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fractures, comprising a reduction and fixation assembly for fixing the humeral head, an angle fixer for adjusting the position of the humeral head, and an outer sleeve plate assembly for fixing the angle of the humeral shaft;

[0008] The reset and fixation assembly comprises a fixed disk and a reset rod detachably connected to the fixed disk, a side of the fixed disk away from the reset rod is provided with a plurality of fixing pins, and a side of the fixed disk connected to the reset rod is provided with a connecting rod; the reset rod comprises a reset inner rod and a reset outer tube coaxially arranged, the reset inner rod is inserted into the reset outer tube, and the reset outer tube is connected to the connecting rod through the reset inner rod;

[0009] The angle fixer comprises an angle fixing plate and an angle fixing sleeve, wherein the angle fixing plate is fixed on the outer wall of the angle fixing sleeve, and the angle between the plane where the angle fixing plate is located and the central axis of the angle fixing sleeve is 90-150°, a fixing groove is provided on the angle fixing plate along the length direction of the plate, and a sleeve through hole for sleeve-mounting a connecting rod is provided on the angle fixing sleeve;

[0010] The outer sleeve plate assembly includes an outer sleeve plate body, which is provided with a sleeve hole for accommodating an angle fixing sleeve and a plate groove for accommodating an angle fixing plate. A humeral head nail hole for fixing the humeral head is provided on the outer sleeve plate body around the sleeve hole, and a slot hole and a humeral shaft nail hole used in conjunction with the fixing slot are provided in the plate groove.

[0011] Preferably, a handle is coaxially arranged at one end of the reset outer tube away from the connecting rod, a pipe with the same inner diameter as the reset outer tube is provided in the handle, one end of the reset inner rod passes through the handle and the pipe of the reset outer tube and is connected to the connecting rod, and a limit rod is provided at the other end of the reset inner rod to prevent the reset outer tube and the handle from slipping off.

[0012] Preferably, the reset inner rod, the connecting rod and the fixed plate are coaxially arranged, and a hollow pipe penetrating the three is provided at the central axis of the three.

[0013] Preferably, the angle fixing plate comprises a fixing plate thickness section and a fixing plate thin section thinner than the fixing plate thickness section, the fixing plate thin section is connected to the angle fixing sleeve via the fixing plate thickness section, and the fixing plate thin section is accommodated in the plate groove.

[0014] Preferably, a humeral shaft nail hole for fixing the humeral shaft is also provided on the outer sleeve plate body located on the length extension line of the end of the plate groove away from the sleeve hole.

[0015] Preferably, the outer sleeve body is an arc-shaped structure that fits the anatomical shape of the proximal humerus.

[0016] The rapid reduction and internal fixation system for medical proximal humeral fractures provided in the above technical scheme comprises a reduction and fixation assembly, an angle fixator and an outer sleeve plate assembly; the humeral head is pushed toward the shoulder joint for reduction by using the reduction and fixation assembly, and then the reduction rod is removed, and the fixation plate is left at the fracture end, at which time the connecting rod points outside the surgical field of view, effectively solving the problem that the existing temporary fixation Kirschner wire affects the surgical field of view; then the angle fixing sleeve of the angle fixator is put on the connecting rod, and the position of the humeral head in the joint cavity is adjusted by rotating the angle fixing plate, and then the angle fixing plate is made to lean against the humeral shaft so that the humeral head and the humeral shaft form a fixed angle, and the angle fixing plate and the humeral shaft are fixed by using a cortical bone screw to pass through the fixing groove; finally, the outer sleeve plate assembly is pressed onto the angle fixator, and a locking nail is used to pass through the humeral head nail hole, the slot hole and the humeral shaft nail hole to realize the positioning of the humeral head and the humeral shaft.

[0017] The present invention adopts a method of fixing half first, then resetting, and then fixing the other half, which effectively solves the problem that the existing method of resetting first and then temporarily fixing is prone to deviation and difficult to adjust; at the same time, the fixing plate and the angle fixer are placed in the fracture end as internal fixation objects, and then angle fixers of different angle specifications are selected to adjust the humeral head neck-shaft angle, and the length of the humeral neck is adjusted by angle fixing plates of different length specifications. The medical humeral proximal fracture rapid reduction internal fixation system of the present invention does not need to reset the fracture first, but first fixes the humeral head fixation plate and the fracture end of the humeral head, and after the angle fixer is inserted into the connecting rod, a fixed neck-shaft angle can be formed; at the same time, the existing fixing method performs final fixation after temporary fixation, and the fracture reduction loss may occur in this process, while in the fixing process of the present invention, the neck-shaft angle is fixed by the angle fixer, and no new reduction loss will occur; the device of the present invention does not need to be temporarily fixed during surgery, nor does it need to use a large number of Kirschner wires, and it does not occupy the surgical field of view and does not affect the installation of the final built-in object. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the resetting and fixing assembly of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the angle fixer of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the outer jacket plate assembly described in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 10. fixing plate; 11. connecting rod; 12. reset outer tube; 13. handle; 14. limit rod; 15. reset inner rod; 16. hollow pipe; 17. fixing needle; 20. angle fixing sleeve; 21. fixing plate thick section; 22. fixing plate thin section; 23. fixing groove; 24. sleeve through hole; 30. outer sleeve body; 31. groove hole; 32. sleeve hole; 33. humeral head nail hole; 34. plate groove; 35. humeral shaft nail hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.

[0023] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fractures includes: Figure 1 As shown, a reduction and fixation component for fixing the humeral head, such as Figure 2 As shown, an angle fixator for adjusting the position of the humeral head, and as Figure 3 The outer sleeve plate assembly shown is used to fix the angle of the humeral shaft;

[0024] refer to Figure 1 The reset and fixation assembly includes a fixed disk 10 and a reset rod detachably connected to the fixed disk 10. Three fixing needles 17 are provided on a side of the fixed disk 10 away from the reset rod. Other numbers of fixing needles (such as two, four or other) can be provided as needed. A connecting rod 11 is provided on a side of the fixed disk 10 connected to the reset rod. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the connecting rod is circular, and a regular polygon or other irregular shapes can also be used; the reset rod includes a coaxially arranged reset inner rod 15 and a reset outer tube 12. The reset inner rod 15 is inserted in the reset outer tube 12, and the reset outer tube 12 is connected to the connecting rod 11 through the reset inner rod 15. Specifically, an internal thread is provided at the end of the connecting rod, and an external thread is provided at the end of the reset inner rod. The two are fixed by screwing together through threads, and can also be combined by rotating unhooking for quick locking and removal; a handle 13 is coaxially arranged at one end of the reset outer tube 12 away from the connecting rod 11, and a pipe consistent with the inner diameter of the reset outer tube 12 is arranged in the handle 13; one end of the reset inner rod 15 passes through the pipes of the handle 13 and the reset outer tube 12 and is connected to the connecting rod 11, and a limiting rod 14 is provided at the other end of the reset inner rod 15 to prevent the reset outer tube 12 and the handle 13 from slipping off; the reset inner rod 15, the limiting rod 14, the connecting rod 11 and the fixed plate 10 are coaxially arranged, and a hollow pipe 16 passing through the four is provided at the central axis of the four, and the hollow pipe is used to insert long bone needles, etc., to facilitate surgical operations.

[0025] refer to Figure 2The angle fixer includes an angle fixing plate and an angle fixing sleeve 20, the angle fixing plate is fixed on the outer wall of the angle fixing sleeve 20, and the angle between the plane where the angle fixing plate is located and the central axis of the angle fixing sleeve 20 is 90-150°, a fixing groove 23 is provided on the angle fixing plate along the length direction of the plate, and a sleeve through hole 24 for sleeve-mounting the connecting rod 11 is provided on the angle fixing sleeve 20; the angle fixing plate includes a fixed plate thickness section 21 and a fixed plate thin section 22 whose thickness is thinner than the fixed plate thickness section 21, the fixed plate thin section 22 is connected to the angle fixing sleeve 20 through the fixed plate thickness section 21, and the fixed plate thin section 22 is accommodated in the plate groove 34 of the outer sleeve body, and the length of the fixed plate thin section can be extended away from the angle fixing sleeve end according to the use requirements, so as to be suitable for use by patients with different fractures. It should be noted here that since the outer sleeve plate assembly is used in conjunction with the angle fixer, when the fixed plate thin section is extended, the outer sleeve body used in conjunction with it is also extended accordingly.

[0026] refer to Figure 3 The outer sleeve plate assembly includes an outer sleeve plate body 30, which adopts an arc-shaped structure that fits the anatomical shape of the proximal end of the humerus; a sleeve hole 32 for accommodating the angle fixing sleeve 20 and a plate groove 34 for accommodating the angle fixing plate are provided on the outer sleeve plate body 30, and the plate groove matches the shape of the thick and thin sections of the angle fixing plate, and a humeral head nail hole 33 for fixing the humeral head is provided on the outer sleeve plate body 30 around the sleeve hole 32, and a slot 31 and a humeral shaft nail hole 35 used in conjunction with the fixing slot 23 are provided in the plate groove 34; a plurality of humeral shaft nail holes 35 for fixing the humeral shaft are also provided on the outer sleeve plate body 30 located on the length extension line of the end of the plate groove 34 away from the sleeve hole 32; in this embodiment, the humeral head nail hole, the slot hole and the humeral shaft nail hole are all screw holes, and the screw connection is relatively firm, but the cutting blade can also be used to cut the tail end of the screw for locking.

[0027] The method of using the medical rapid reduction internal fixation system for proximal humeral fracture of the present invention is as follows:

[0028] When in use, the fixation plate, the reduction outer tube and the reduction inner rod are first connected as a whole. The surgeon holds the handle and inserts the fixation needle into the fractured section of the humeral head, and then pushes the humeral head into the shoulder joint cavity for reduction. At this time, the reduction rod part can be removed, and the fixation plate part is left at the fracture end. At this time, the connecting rod of the fixation plate points outside the surgical field of view. Then, the angle fixing sleeve is inserted into the connecting rod, and the thick section and the thin section of the fixation plate are moved to adjust the position of the humeral head in the joint cavity.

[0029] After the angle fixing plate is brought close to the humeral shaft, the humeral head can be repositioned to form a fixed angle between the humeral head and the humeral shaft, which is consistent with the included angle between the angle fixing sleeve and the angle fixing plate. Then, the angle fixing plate and the humeral head can be fixed in the fixing groove with a cortical bone screw to form a stable fixed state.

[0030] Then the outer sleeve plate body is pressed onto the angle fixer. At this time, the sleeve hole on the outer sleeve plate body is just fitted onto the angle fixing sleeve, and the plate groove of the outer sleeve plate body is pressed onto the thick section and the thin section of the fixing plate, and the two fit each other; the slot hole and the humeral shaft nail hole overlap with the fixing slot on the thin section of the fixing plate; at this time, a locking screw is driven into the humeral shaft through the slot hole, the humeral shaft nail hole and the fixing slot, and a locking screw is driven into the humeral head through the humeral head nail hole and points to the humeral head.

[0031] The medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fractures provided by the present invention adopts a logic different from that of existing fracture surgeries (the original logic of all fractures including proximal humeral fixation is reduction first and then fixation). By fixing one half first, then reducing and then fixing the other half, the system first fixes the humeral head and the fractured end of the humeral head, thereby avoiding the problem of easy deviation and difficulty in adjustment in the existing reduction first and then temporary fixation. At the same time, the present invention leaves a part of the reduction tool as an internal fixator in the fractured end, that is, uses an angle fixing sleeve to perform angle reduction, adjusts the humeral head-neck-shaft angle by selecting angle fixers of different angle specifications (this angle can be planned before surgery, and then a one-time reduction is performed to quickly achieve the purpose of reduction), and adjusts the length of the humeral neck by selecting angle fixing plates of different length specifications, thereby avoiding repeated reductions that cause prolonged operation time, prolonged bleeding time of patients, and damage to patients and patients caused by repeated fluoroscopy.

[0032] In addition, the existing fixation method is to perform final fixation after temporary fixation, and the fracture reduction loss may occur in this process. However, in the fixation process of the present invention, the neck-shaft angle is fixed by the angle fixer, and no new reduction loss will occur. There is no need for temporary fixation, nor is there a need to use a large number of Kirschner wires, which will not occupy the surgical field of view and will not affect the installation of the final implant.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, after knowing the contents recorded in the present invention, they can make several equivalent changes and substitutions without departing from the principle of the present invention. These equivalent changes and substitutions should also be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fractures, characterized in that: It includes a reduction and fixation component for fixing the humeral head, an angle fixer for adjusting the position of the humeral head, and a jacket plate component for fixing the angle of the humeral shaft; The reset and fixation assembly comprises a fixed disk and a reset rod detachably connected to the fixed disk, a side of the fixed disk away from the reset rod is provided with a plurality of fixing pins, and a side of the fixed disk connected to the reset rod is provided with a connecting rod; The angle fixer comprises an angle fixing plate and an angle fixing sleeve, wherein the angle fixing plate is fixed on the outer wall of the angle fixing sleeve, and the angle between the plane where the angle fixing plate is located and the central axis of the angle fixing sleeve is 90-150°, a fixing groove is provided on the angle fixing plate along the length direction of the plate, and a sleeve through hole for sleeve-mounting a connecting rod is provided on the angle fixing sleeve; The outer sleeve assembly comprises an outer sleeve body, on which a sleeve hole for accommodating an angle fixing sleeve and a plate groove for accommodating an angle fixing plate are provided, a humeral head nail hole for fixing the humeral head is provided on the outer sleeve body around the sleeve hole, and a slot hole and a humeral shaft nail hole used in conjunction with the fixing slot are provided in the plate groove; A plurality of humeral shaft nail holes for fixing the humeral shaft are also provided on the outer sleeve body located on the extension line of the length of the end of the plate slot away from the sleeve hole; The outer sleeve body is an arc-shaped structure that fits the anatomical shape of the proximal end of the humerus.

2. The medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset rod comprises a reset inner rod and a reset outer tube which are coaxially arranged. The reset inner rod is inserted into the reset outer tube, and the reset outer tube is connected to the connecting rod through the reset inner rod.

3. The rapid reduction and internal fixation system for medical proximal humeral fracture according to claim 2, characterized in that: A handle is coaxially arranged at one end of the reset outer tube away from the connecting rod, and a pipe with the same inner diameter as the reset outer tube is arranged in the handle. One end of the reset inner rod passes through the pipe of the handle and the reset outer tube and is connected to the connecting rod. A limit rod is arranged at the other end of the reset inner rod to prevent the reset outer tube and the handle from slipping off.

4. The medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fracture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reset inner rod, the connecting rod and the fixing plate are coaxially arranged, and a hollow pipe penetrating the three is arranged at the central axis of the three.

5. The medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle fixing plate includes a fixing plate thickness section and a fixing plate thin section thinner than the fixing plate thickness section. The fixing plate thin section is connected to the angle fixing sleeve via the fixing plate thickness section, and the fixing plate thin section is accommodated in the plate groove.

6. The medical rapid reduction and internal fixation system for proximal humeral fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the connecting rod is a regular polygon or an irregular shape.

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