A switching board, switching network and antenna

Abstract

The present invention provides a switching board, a switching network and an antenna. The technical solution thereof is as follows: the switching board includes a dielectric board, a signal transmission line and a coplanar waveguide grounding section. The coplanar waveguide grounding section is coplanarly arranged with the signal transmission line and arranged on both sides of the signal transmission line. The coplanar waveguide grounding section covers the positions close to the two ends of the signal transmission line along the extension direction of the signal transmission line. Both ends of the signal transmission line are provided with a first welding point. The signal transmission between circuit boards is realized by arranging the signal transmission line on the dielectric board, and the coplanar waveguide grounding section can reduce the loss in the signal transmission process. Such a transmission method replaces the existing transmission method of cables and feed pins, reduces the loss in the transmission process, and improves the electrical performance. In addition, the switching board is light in weight, small in size, and highly consistent, which is convenient for arranging the circuit board and components in the antenna, and is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mobile communications, and in particular to a switching board, a switching network and an antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern mobile communication technology, communication systems have put forward higher requirements for low cost and high performance. In modern 5G communication base stations, feed networks, calibration networks and filter networks are used. Calibration networks, filter networks and RF connector boards usually use four-layer boards or multi-layer boards as the carrier of the link. The calibration network, filter network and RF connector board use four-layer boards or multi-layer boards to achieve stable electrical indicators, while the feed network and phase shift network use two-layer boards. The purpose of using two-layer boards is to reduce the cost of PCBs. Modern mobile communication base stations need to reduce the cost of base station antennas due to their short replacement cycle, high power and large quantity. PCBs are used more in 5G base station antennas, and the use of two-layer boards can effectively reduce material costs than four-layer boards or multi-layer boards. The signal connection between the two-layer board and the multi-layer board is usually connected by cable connection and feed pin connection. These two connection methods not only have poor electrical performance, but also increase the weight, volume and cost of the antenna. Summary of the invention

[0003] The primary purpose of the present invention is to provide an adapter plate that can improve electrical performance and reduce the overall weight of an antenna.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a switching network using the above-mentioned switching board.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an antenna using the above switching network.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A transfer board comprises a dielectric board, a signal transmission line and a coplanar waveguide grounding section, wherein the coplanar waveguide grounding section is arranged coplanarly with the signal transmission line and is arranged on both sides of the signal transmission line, and the coplanar waveguide grounding section covers the positions close to the two ends of the signal transmission line along the extension direction of the signal transmission line, and a first welding point is arranged at both ends of the signal transmission line, and the dielectric board is used to bridge over two circuit boards and connect the first welding point to the corresponding circuit board.

[0008] Further configuration: a second welding point and an adjustment point are provided on one of the coplanar waveguide grounding sections, the second welding point is provided at one end of the coplanar waveguide grounding section, the adjustment point is provided on the coplanar waveguide grounding section at a position close to n times a quarter wavelength of the signal transmission line, the adjustment point and the second welding point are used to connect to the same circuit board and reduce crosstalk between multiple signal transmission lines.

[0009] It is further configured that the adapter board also includes a grounding layer circuit, which is arranged on a side of the dielectric board away from the signal transmission line and is connected to the coplanar waveguide grounding section.

[0010] It is further configured that: a metal via is provided on the dielectric board, and the ground layer circuit and the coplanar waveguide grounding section are connected via the metal via.

[0011] It is further arranged that: the two first welding points are located on the same long side of the dielectric plate.

[0012] It is further configured that: the signal transmission line includes an impedance transformation section, and the impedance transformation section is used for impedance matching.

[0013] The present invention further provides a switching network, comprising the above-mentioned switching board and at least two circuit boards, wherein the switching board is bridged between two adjacent circuit boards.

[0014] It is further configured that at least two adapter boards are bridged between two adjacent circuit boards, and the at least two adapter boards are arranged in parallel.

[0015] It is further arranged that: the adapter boards are connected in pairs between two adjacent circuit boards, and the signal transmission lines on each pair of the adapter boards are distributed on a side of the dielectric board that is close to each other. When adjustment points are provided on the coplanar waveguide grounding section, the adjustment points on each pair of the adapter boards are provided on a side of the dielectric board that is close to each other.

[0016] The present invention also provides an antenna, comprising a radiation unit and the above-mentioned switching network, wherein the switching network is connected to the radiation unit and feeds the radiation unit.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. In the adapter board involved in the present invention, a signal transmission line is arranged on a dielectric board and bridged between two circuit boards. Signal transmission between the two circuit boards is realized through a plate-shaped line transmission method, and the coplanar waveguide grounding section can reduce the loss in the signal transmission process. Such a transmission method replaces the existing cable and feed pin transmission method, reduces the loss in the transmission process, and improves the electrical performance. In addition, the adapter board is light in weight, small in size, and has high consistency, which is convenient for the layout of various circuit boards and electrical components in the antenna, and is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0019] 2. In the adapter board involved in the present invention, by setting an adjustment point at a position close to n times a quarter wavelength of the signal transmission line, when there are multiple signal transmission lines, the adjustment point can reduce the coupling between two adjacent signal transmission lines and reduce signal crosstalk.

[0020] 3. In the switching network involved in the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned switching board, the signal transmission loss between the circuit boards is reduced and the signal transmission is more stable.

[0021] 4. In the antenna involved in the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned switching network, the signal transmission is more stable, and the volume occupied by the switching board is smaller, the connection consistency between the switching board and the circuit board is higher, the network structure layout is optimized, and it is more conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, which will become obvious from the following description, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection between the adapter board and the circuit board in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of an adapter plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic plan view of an adapter plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a top view of a switching network in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present invention provides an adapter board 1, including a dielectric board 11, a signal transmission line 12 and a coplanar waveguide grounding section 13, wherein the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 is arranged coplanarly with the signal transmission line 12 and is arranged on both sides of the signal transmission line 12, and the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 covers the positions close to the two ends of the signal transmission line 12 along the extension direction of the signal transmission line 12, and both ends of the signal transmission line 12 are provided with a first welding point 14, and the dielectric board 11 is used to bridge over two circuit boards 2 and connect the first welding point 14 to the corresponding circuit board 2. In this embodiment, the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 and the signal transmission line 12 jointly cover the front side of the dielectric board 11, and a predetermined interval is formed between the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 and the signal transmission line 12.

[0030] Through such an arrangement, a signal transmission line 12 is arranged on a dielectric plate 11 and bridged between two circuit boards 2. Signal transmission between the two circuit boards 2 is achieved through a plate-shaped line transmission method, and the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 can reduce the loss in the signal transmission process. Such a transmission method replaces the existing transmission method of cables and feeding pins, reduces the loss in the transmission process, and improves the electrical performance. In addition, the adapter board 1 is light in weight, small in size, and has high consistency, which is convenient for the layout of various circuit boards and electrical components in the antenna, and is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0031] Furthermore, one of the coplanar waveguide grounding sections 13 is provided with a second welding point 15 and an adjustment point 16, the second welding point 15 is provided at one end of the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13, the adjustment point 16 is provided on the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 near the n times quarter wavelength of the signal transmission line 12, the adjustment point 16 and the second welding point 15 are used to connect to the same circuit board 2 and reduce the crosstalk between the multi-channel signal transmission lines 12. In this embodiment, the adjustment point 16 is preferably provided at the quarter wavelength transmission point.

[0032] When there are two or more adapter boards 1 placed in parallel on a conductor surface at a close distance, the signal transmission line 12 on the adapter board 1 will produce capacitive coupling. By setting a grounding point (i.e., adjustment point 16) at a distance of n times 1 / 4 wavelength from the signal transmission line 12, the coupling degree between the adapter boards 1 can be reduced, thereby reducing the signal crosstalk between the multi-path transmission signals.

[0033] Furthermore, the adapter board 1 further includes a grounding layer circuit 17, which is disposed on a side of the dielectric board 11 away from the signal transmission line 12 and connected to the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13. Preferably, a metal via 111 is disposed on the dielectric board 11, and the grounding layer circuit 17 and the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 are connected by means of the metal via 111. By arranging the grounding layer circuit 17 on the back side of the adapter board 1, a grounded coplanar waveguide structure is formed, which further reduces the transmission loss and radiation loss of the signal, and improves the stability and reliability of signal transmission.

[0034] In this embodiment, the dielectric plate 11 is a low-loss dielectric plate 11, having a specific dielectric constant and thickness, and capable of carrying signal transmission. The signal transmission line 12 includes an impedance transformation section, and the impedance transformation section is used for impedance matching. The impedance transformation section uses a quarter impedance matching branch, an open circuit short circuit branch, and other matching methods for matching.

[0035] Furthermore, the two first welding points 14 are located on the same long side of the dielectric plate 11. In other embodiments, the two first welding points 14 may not be located on the same long side of the dielectric plate 11. One of them may be located on the long side and the other on the wide side, or the two first welding points 14 may be located on two different wide sides, or the two first welding points 14 may be located on two different long sides. In this embodiment, the signal transmission line 12 extends from one of the first welding points 14 to the other first welding point 14 in an arch shape, and separates the metal layer on the surface of the dielectric plate 11 to form a coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 on both sides, wherein the area between the two first welding points 14 is the inner side, and the opposite is the outer side. By arranging the two first welding points 14 on the same long side of the dielectric plate 11, it is more convenient to connect the adapter board 1 and the circuit board 2, and it is easier to perform welding.

[0036] Furthermore, third welding points 18 are provided at both ends of the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 located outside the signal transmission line 12 , and the third welding points 18 are used to connect to the grounding circuit on the circuit board 2 .

[0037] Furthermore, a position avoidance notch is formed on the dielectric plate 11 near the first welding point 14, and the position avoidance notch 112 forms a concave-convex structure on the long side of the dielectric plate 11. When the dielectric plate 11 and the circuit board 2 are assembled, the concave-convex structure can be plugged and matched with the reserved hole on the circuit board 2, and the position avoidance notch is a circuit avoidance on the circuit board 2, so that the first welding point 14 and the circuit board 2 are easy to weld.

[0038] Combination Figure 4As shown, the present invention also provides a switching network, including the above-mentioned adapter board 1, and also including at least two circuit boards 2, wherein the adapter board 1 is bridged between two adjacent circuit boards 2. In this embodiment, the circuit board 2 can be a calibration network, a filter network, a radio frequency connector board, a feed network or a phase shift network, and the circuit board 2 can be a two-layer board or a multi-layer board. In this embodiment, the two ends of the adapter board 1 are respectively connected to the two-layer board and the multi-layer board. In other embodiments, the adapter board 1 can also be used for transmission between microstrip lines of two-layer boards and bridge transmission between multi-layer board circuits.

[0039] Furthermore, at least two adapter boards 1 are connected between two adjacent circuit boards 2, and the at least two adapter boards 1 are arranged in parallel. In this embodiment, two adapter boards 1 are connected between two circuit boards 2, and in other embodiments, more than two adapter boards 1 can be connected between two adjacent circuit boards 2.

[0040] Preferably, the adapter plates 1 are connected in pairs between two adjacent circuit boards 2, and the signal transmission lines 12 on each pair of the adapter plates 1 are distributed on a side of the dielectric plate 11 close to each other, and the adjustment points 16 on each pair of the adapter plates 1 are arranged on a side of the dielectric plate 11 close to each other. This arrangement enables the signal transmission lines 12 on two different pairs of adjacent adapter plates 1 to be arranged back to back. When the two adapter plates 1 are arranged back to back, the mutual coupling between the signal transmission lines 12 on the adapter plates 1 is small, and the signal crosstalk effect is small. When the two adapter plates 1 are arranged relative to each other, the coupling of the signal transmission lines 12 on the two adapter plates 1 is more serious. By setting the adjustment points 16, the crosstalk between the signals can be reduced and the stability of the electrical performance can be improved.

[0041] The present invention also provides an antenna, comprising a radiation unit and the above-mentioned switching network, wherein the switching network is connected to the radiation unit and feeds the radiation unit.

[0042] In summary, the solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0043] 1. In the adapter board 1 involved in the present invention, a signal transmission line 12 is arranged on a dielectric plate 11 and bridged between two circuit boards 2. Signal transmission between the two circuit boards 2 is achieved through a plate-shaped line transmission method, and the coplanar waveguide grounding section 13 can reduce the loss in the signal transmission process. This transmission method replaces the existing cable and feed pin transmission method, reduces the loss in the transmission process, and improves the electrical performance. In addition, the adapter board 1 is light in weight, small in size, and has high consistency, which is convenient for the layout of various circuit boards and electrical components in the antenna, and is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0044] 2. In the adapter board 1 involved in the present invention, by setting an adjustment point 16 at a position of n times a quarter wavelength close to the signal transmission line 12, when there are multiple signal transmission lines 12, the adjustment point 16 can reduce the coupling between two adjacent signal transmission lines 12 and reduce signal crosstalk.

[0045] 3. In the switching network involved in the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned switching board 1, the signal transmission loss between the circuit boards 2 is reduced and the signal transmission is more stable.

[0046] 4. In the antenna involved in the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned switching network, the signal transmission is more stable, and the adapter board 1 occupies a smaller volume, the connection consistency between the adapter board 1 and the circuit board is higher, the network structure layout is optimized, and it is more conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0047] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adapter plate, characterized in that: It comprises a dielectric plate, a signal transmission line and a coplanar waveguide grounding section, wherein the coplanar waveguide grounding section is arranged coplanarly with the signal transmission line and is arranged on both sides of the signal transmission line, the coplanar waveguide grounding section covers the positions close to both ends of the signal transmission line along the extension direction of the signal transmission line, both ends of the signal transmission line are provided with a first welding point, and the dielectric plate is used to bridge over two circuit boards and connect the first welding point with the corresponding circuit board; A second welding point and an adjustment point are provided on one of the coplanar waveguide grounding sections. The second welding point is provided at one end of the coplanar waveguide grounding section. The adjustment point is provided on the coplanar waveguide grounding section at a position close to n times a quarter wavelength of the signal transmission line. The adjustment point and the second welding point are connected to the same circuit board. When two or more adapter boards are connected across two adjacent circuit boards, the adjustment point and the second welding point are used to reduce crosstalk between multiple signal transmission lines.

2. The adapter plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a grounding layer circuit, which is arranged on a side of the dielectric plate away from the signal transmission line and connected to the coplanar waveguide grounding section.

3. The adapter plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dielectric plate is provided with a metal via, and the ground layer circuit and the coplanar waveguide grounding section are connected by means of the metal via.

4. The adapter plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two first welding points are located on the same long side of the dielectric plate.

5. The adapter plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal transmission line includes an impedance transformation section, and the impedance transformation section is used for impedance matching.

6. A switching network, characterized in that: The adapter board comprises the adapter board as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and further comprises at least two circuit boards, wherein the adapter board is bridged between two adjacent circuit boards.

7. The switching network according to claim 6, characterized in that: At least two adapter boards are bridged between two adjacent circuit boards, and the at least two adapter boards are arranged in parallel.

8. The switching network according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adapter boards are connected in pairs between two adjacent circuit boards, and the signal transmission lines on each pair of the adapter boards are distributed on a side of the dielectric board that is close to each other. When adjustment points are provided on the coplanar waveguide grounding section, the adjustment points on each pair of the adapter boards are provided on a side of the dielectric board that is close to each other.

9. An antenna, comprising a radiating element, characterized in that: It also includes a switching network as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the switching network is connected to the radiation unit and is fed with power by the radiation unit.

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