Rotors, motors, water pumps and vehicles

Abstract

The present invention provides a rotor, a motor, a water pump and a vehicle. The rotor includes: a rotor core, wherein an axial hole and a mounting slot are provided in the rotor core; a permanent magnet, which is installed in the mounting slot; a housing, which is connected to the rotor core and covers at least the open end of the mounting slot to encapsulate the permanent magnet in the rotor core; a gasket, wherein the gasket is provided with a positioning structure for directly or indirectly positioning the position of the permanent magnet, and the gasket is fixed to the housing and is coaxially arranged with the rotor core. The present invention utilizes a positioning structure to directly or indirectly position the permanent magnet in the rotor core, and the magnetization position of the permanent magnet can be accurately positioned according to the position of the permanent magnet, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent magnetization and ensuring that the permanent magnet is fully magnetized; and simplifies the design of the positioning structure, and avoids the need for an additional positioning structure on the housing, thereby simplifying the structure of the housing and simplifying the processing technology of the housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a rotor core, a rotor including the rotor core, a motor including the rotor, a water pump including the motor, and a vehicle including the water pump. Background Art

[0002] At present, the existing motor rotor cannot provide accurate magnetization positioning after the permanent magnets are installed in the rotor core and the end faces of the rotor core are covered or blocked and the rotor is overmolded, which easily causes problems such as incomplete magnetization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotor.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a motor comprising the above rotor.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a water pump comprising the above motor.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a motor comprising the above-mentioned water pump.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention provides a rotor including: a rotor core, wherein the rotor core is provided with an axial hole for accommodating a rotating shaft and a mounting groove for installing a permanent magnet; a permanent magnet is installed in the mounting groove; a shell is connected to the rotor core and covers at least the open end of the mounting groove to encapsulate the permanent magnet in the rotor core; a gasket, wherein the gasket is provided with a positioning structure for directly or indirectly positioning the position of the permanent magnet, and the gasket is fixed to the shell and is coaxially arranged with the rotor core.

[0008] The rotor core provided by the technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention has a positioning structure provided on the gasket, and the positioning structure can be used to directly or indirectly position the permanent magnet in the rotor core. The magnetization position of the permanent magnet can be accurately positioned according to the position of the permanent magnet, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent magnetization and ensuring that the permanent magnet is fully magnetized.

[0009] In addition, compared with setting a positioning structure on the outer shell, the size of the positioning structure on the gasket can be significantly reduced, or the outer contour of the gasket (such as the outer contour of a polygonal gasket) can be directly used as the positioning structure, thereby simplifying the design of the positioning structure and avoiding the need to set an additional positioning structure on the outer shell, thereby simplifying the structure of the outer shell and simplifying the processing technology of the outer shell.

[0010] In addition, the rotor in the above technical solution provided by the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0011] In any of the above technical solutions, the shell is a plastic body, which covers the part of the rotor core exposed to the shaft hole and the gasket, and covers the part of the gasket exposed to the shaft hole, and forms an integrated structure with the rotor core and the gasket.

[0012] In this technical solution, the outer shell is in the form of a plastic-encapsulated body. Since the plastic-encapsulated body wraps the part of the rotor core exposed to the shaft hole and the gasket, and covers the part of the gasket exposed to the shaft hole, it ensures that the rotor core can be stably and securely sealed inside the plastic-encapsulated body or inside the outer cover formed by the plastic-encapsulated body and the gasket, and will not shift or even fall out. It also ensures that the gasket will not shift or fall out, thereby improving the reliability of the motor. At the same time, it also eliminates tedious processes such as fastener fixation, which is conducive to simplifying the processing process and improving preparation efficiency.

[0013] The rotating shaft may be injection molded together with the overmolded body, or may not be injection molded together with the overmolded body.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the overmolded body includes an extension portion, which is provided on an end surface of the overmolded body and extends along the axial direction of the rotor. The extension portion is annular and surrounds the rotating shaft.

[0015] An extension portion is provided on the end face of the overmolded body. Since the extension portion extends along the axial direction of the rotor and surrounds the rotating shaft, it is equivalent to extending the axial matching length of the overmolded body and the rotating shaft, which is beneficial to further prevent external gas or liquid from contacting the rotor core through the overmolded body or even entering the interior of the rotor core, thereby improving the reliability of the product and enhancing the bonding strength between the overmolded body and the rotating shaft.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the plastic-encapsulated body, the rotating shaft, the gasket, and the rotor core form an integrated structure.

[0017] During the production process, the rotor core and gasket are first installed on the rotating shaft. The gasket and the mounting slot are installed in a certain relative position relationship, and then the permanent magnet is placed. Then the mold is placed and liquid plastic is injected for injection molding. After the liquid plastic solidifies into a plastic body, an integrated rotor sealed by injection molding can be obtained. The rotor core and the rotating shaft cannot move relative to each other, the bonding strength is high, and the fixation is reliable.

[0018] In any of the above technical solutions, the shell includes a first end layer and a second end layer, the first end layer covers one end face of the rotor core and covers a part of the gasket, and the second end layer covers the other end face of the rotor core; the first end layer includes a first end portion and a second end portion, the first end portion and the second end portion are sequentially connected from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the rotor, the diameter D2 of the outer contour of the first end portion is smaller than the diameter D3 of the outer contour of the second end portion, the first end portion covers a part of the gasket and a part of the first end portion corresponds to the end face of the permanent magnet; the second end layer includes a third end portion and a fourth end portion, the third end portion and the fourth end portion are sequentially connected from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the rotor, and the diameter D4 of the outer wheel of the third end portion is larger than the diameter D5 of the outer contour of the fourth end portion.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the thickness of the first end portion is greater than the thickness T3 of the second end portion; and the thickness T4 of the third end portion is less than the thickness T5 of the fourth end portion.

[0020] Because external gas or liquid penetrates inward along the gap between the outer shell and the rotating shaft, contacting the rotor core or entering the interior of the rotor core, the radially inner portion of the rotor core's end face is more susceptible to corrosion. To this end, this solution designs the two end layers of the outer shell into structures of unequal thickness. The radially inner first and fourth ends are relatively thicker, while the radially outer second and third ends are relatively thinner. This is equivalent to locally thickening the radially inner portions of the two end layers. This increases the distance between the radially inner portion of the rotor core's end face and external gas or liquid, helping to prevent external gas or liquid from entering the rotor core and corroding it. At the same time, compared to thickening both end layers as a whole, this saves raw materials, reduces production costs, and reduces product weight. Furthermore, the portion of the first end corresponding to the end face of the permanent magnet facilitates support of the permanent magnet during injection molding and improves the stability of the permanent magnet's position.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the first end portion includes a protruding portion and a supporting portion, the protruding portion and the supporting portion are connected in sequence from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the rotor, the diameter D1 of the outer contour of the protruding portion is smaller than the diameter D2 of the outer contour of the supporting portion, a portion of the gasket is embedded in the protruding portion and covered by the protruding portion, the supporting portion corresponds to the end face of the permanent magnet, and the thickness T1 of the protruding portion is greater than the thickness T2 of the supporting portion; or the side circumferential surface of the gasket is provided with an annular groove, and a portion of the first end portion is embedded in the annular groove to cover a portion of the gasket.

[0022] The first end is designed with a non-uniform thickness structure, with the radially inward protrusion being relatively thicker and the radially outward support portion being relatively thinner. A portion of the gasket is embedded in and covered by the protrusion, further increasing the distance between the radially inward portion of the rotor core's end face and external air or liquid, helping to further prevent external air or liquid from entering the rotor core and corroding it. The support portion aligns with the end face of the permanent magnet, facilitating support of the permanent magnet during injection molding and improving its positional stability.

[0023] The side circumference of the gasket is provided with an annular groove, and the longitudinal section of the gasket is in the shape of an I. Since the gasket is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the opening of the annular groove is radially outward, the annular groove is exposed to the rotating shaft and does not contact the rotating shaft. A part of the first end is embedded in the annular groove, and the first end covers the groove wall of the annular groove and is tightly combined with the groove wall of the annular groove to form a whole, and the bonding force is high, and the fixation is relatively firm, which can effectively prevent the gasket and the shell from having axial relative movement. In addition, the gasket of this shape is relatively thick. On the basis of ensuring that the distance between the radially inner part of the end face of the rotor core and the external gas or liquid is relatively large, the thickness of the corresponding position of the first end can be reduced. For example, the first end can be directly designed as an equal thickness structure, which is conducive to saving raw materials.

[0024] In any of the above technical solutions, the end surface of the gasket facing away from the rotor core protrudes from the housing.

[0025] Protruding the end of the washer facing away from the rotor core beyond the housing increases the range of positioning structures, facilitating the rational design of their shape, position, and quantity to enhance positioning effectiveness. This also reduces plastic usage, conserving raw materials. Furthermore, it protects the housing by preventing friction and wear between the housing and other components. Alternatively, the washer end facing away from the rotor core can be flush with the end of the housing.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the axial height H1 of the end surface of the gasket facing away from the rotor core protruding from the housing is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0027] The axial height H1 of the end face of the gasket facing away from the rotor core protruding from the housing is limited to a range of less than or equal to 5 mm, which avoids H1 being too small, resulting in a small exposed area of ​​the gasket, and avoids H1 being too large, resulting in a weak bonding force between the gasket and the housing, thereby improving the bonding strength between the gasket and the housing.

[0028] In any of the above technical solutions, the outer contour of the gasket is circular or polygonal; and / or the gasket is provided with a concave portion and / or a convex portion.

[0029] The shape of the outer contour of the gasket is not specifically limited, including but not limited to circular or polygonal shapes, and can be designed according to the specific structure of the product. Among them, polygonal shapes (adjacent sides can be connected by rounded corners or chamfers, or directly connected by sharp corners) or other non-circular shapes can limit the circumferential relative rotation between the gasket and the housing, thereby improving the connection reliability of the gasket and the housing, and also facilitate the use of the outer contour shape to locate the position of the permanent magnet (for example, directly using the outer contour of the polygonal gasket to locate the position of the permanent magnet).

[0030] Providing recesses, protrusions, or both recesses and protrusions on the gasket can provide effective positioning. Specifically, when these structures are provided at the point where the gasket contacts the housing, they can increase the contact area between the housing and the gasket, thereby increasing the bonding force between the two, making the gasket more secure and less prone to loosening. Furthermore, when these structures are not completely enclosed by the housing, they can also be used to locate the position of the permanent magnet. When these structures are provided at a point where the gasket does not contact the housing, they can be used to locate the position of the permanent magnet. Furthermore, these structures can be used to contact liquids, providing lubrication and reducing the contact area between the gasket and other structures, thereby reducing frictional resistance and improving frictional heat generation.

[0031] In the above technical solution, the outer contour of the gasket is in the shape of a polygon, and a plurality of recesses are provided on at least one end face of the gasket. The number of the recesses on at least one end face is equal to the number of sides of the polygon, and the plurality of recesses are evenly distributed along the circumference of the gasket.

[0032] The outer contour of the gasket is a polygon, which can be a strict polygon, i.e., two adjacent sides are directly connected by a sharp corner; or it can be non-strict polygon, such as two adjacent sides connected by a rounded corner or chamfer. In this way, the position of the permanent magnet can be directly determined by the contour of the gasket, effectively simplifying the product structure. At least one end face of the gasket is uniformly provided with recesses along the circumference equal to the number of sides of the polygon, making the gasket structure more regular and easier to process and form. Specifically, when the gasket is provided with the recesses on the end face facing the rotor core, these recesses can increase the contact area between the gasket and the plastic body, thereby improving the bonding strength between the gasket and the plastic body. When the gasket is provided with the recesses on the end face facing away from the rotor core, these recesses can be used to locate the position of the permanent magnet, and can also be used to contain liquid, providing lubrication and reducing frictional heat generation.

[0033] In any of the above technical solutions, the positioning structure includes the outer contour of the gasket; and / or the positioning structure includes a concave portion and / or a convex portion provided on the gasket.

[0034] The outer contour of the gasket is reasonably designed according to the position of the permanent magnet. When assembling the gasket, its outer contour is made to correspond to the position of the permanent magnet slot. After the overmolding is completed, the position of the permanent magnet can be positioned according to the outer contour of the gasket. The structure and principle are relatively simple and easy to implement.

[0035] The number, shape, and position of the recesses and protrusions, or both, are rationally arranged according to the position of the permanent magnets. When assembling the gasket, these structures correspond to the positions of the permanent magnet slots. After overmolding, the permanent magnets can be positioned according to the gasket's outer contour. This simple structure and principle make it easy to implement. Furthermore, when these recesses and protrusions are located on the end face of the gasket facing away from the rotor core, they can reduce the contact area between the gasket and other external structures, thereby reducing frictional heat generation.

[0036] In any of the above technical solutions, the positioning structure includes multiple positioning parts, the number of the positioning parts is equal to the number of the permanent magnets, and the multiple positioning parts directly correspond to the multiple permanent magnets one by one, and are used to directly locate the positions of the multiple permanent magnets; or the positioning structure includes multiple positioning parts, the number of the positioning parts is equal to the number of the permanent magnets, and the multiple positioning parts cooperate to indirectly locate the positions of the multiple permanent magnets; or the positioning structure includes a positioning part and an indication mark part, the positioning part locates the position of at least one of the permanent magnets, and the indication mark part is used to cooperate with the positioning part to infer the positions of other permanent magnets.

[0037] The positioning structure includes a positioning part, which is used to locate the position of the permanent magnet, which is beneficial to improving the positioning speed of the permanent magnet position and further improving the magnetization efficiency. The number of positioning parts can be equal to or unequal to the number of permanent magnets, and can be used to directly locate the position of the permanent magnet or to indirectly locate the position of the permanent magnet. For example, some positioning parts directly correspond to the center position of the permanent magnet and are used to directly locate the position of the permanent magnet, while some positioning parts are located on both sides of the permanent magnet and are used to indirectly locate the position of the permanent magnet. Of course, if there is only one permanent magnet, it is sufficient to directly use one positioning part to locate the position of the permanent magnet.

[0038] Specifically, the number of positioning parts is equal to the number of permanent magnets, and the multiple positioning parts directly correspond to the multiple permanent magnets one by one. This solution uses multiple positioning parts to locate the position of each permanent magnet one by one, thereby achieving direct positioning of the position of each permanent magnet and ensuring the positioning accuracy of the position of each permanent magnet. During magnetization, each permanent magnet can be magnetized according to each positioning part without the need for indirect positioning by calculation. This is conducive to further improving the magnetization rate while ensuring the magnetization accuracy.

[0039] Alternatively, the number of positioning parts is equal to the number of permanent magnets, and multiple positioning parts cooperate to indirectly locate the positions of multiple permanent magnets. For example, when multiple permanent magnets are evenly distributed, multiple positioning parts are respectively located between two adjacent permanent magnets, then there is one permanent magnet between the two adjacent positioning parts, and the positioning of each permanent magnet is also achieved.

[0040] Alternatively, the position of the permanent magnets can be determined by the coordination of the positioning portion and the indicator portion. This solution directly locates the position of at least one permanent magnet through the positioning portion, and indirectly locates the positions of the other permanent magnets through the coordination of the position of the permanent magnet (determined by the positioning portion) and the indicator portion. Compared to solutions that use multiple positioning portions that correspond one-to-one with the permanent magnets, this solution simplifies the positioning structure and production process.

[0041] In the above technical solution, the projection of the permanent magnet on the end face of the rotor is a strip structure; wherein, the number of the permanent magnets is multiple, and the multiple permanent magnets are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the positioning portion is located at the center position between two adjacent strip structures; or the line connecting the center of the strip structure and the center of the end face of the rotor passes through the positioning portion; and / or the shape of the positioning portion is circular, square, triangular, strip or linear.

[0042] Permanent magnet motors are generally divided into radial permanent magnet motors and tangential permanent magnet motors. The projection of the permanent magnets of radial permanent magnet motors on the end face of the rotor is generally a strip-shaped structure extending along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, while the projection of the permanent magnets of tangential permanent magnet motors on the end face of the rotor is generally a strip-shaped structure extending along the radial direction of the rotor core. When multiple permanent magnets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft, the positioning portion can be located at the center between two adjacent strip-shaped structures, and the middle position between the two positioning portions is a permanent magnet. Alternatively, based on the cooperation between the positioning portion and the indicator portion, the position of one of the adjacent permanent magnets can be located by rotating the positioning portion by an appropriate angle, thereby inferring the positions of the other permanent magnets. Alternatively, if the line connecting the center of the strip-shaped structure and the center of the rotor end face passes through the positioning portion, the line connecting the positioning portion and the center of the rotor end face must pass through the center position of the permanent magnet. In this case, the magnetizing head faces the positioning portion and also faces the center position of the permanent magnet, which can accurately magnetize the permanent magnet.

[0043] The shape of the positioning portion is not specifically limited, including but not limited to circular, square, triangular, strip, and linear shapes, and can be specifically designed according to the specific structure of the product.

[0044] The technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention provides a motor, comprising: a rotor as described in any one of the technical solutions of the first aspect; and a stator, which is sleeved on the outside of the rotor and cooperates with the rotor.

[0045] The motor provided by the technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention includes the rotor described in any one of the technical solutions of the first aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0046] The technical solution of the third aspect of the present invention provides a water pump, comprising: the motor as described in the technical solution of the second aspect; and an impeller connected to the rotating shaft of the motor.

[0047] The water pump provided by the technical solution of the third aspect of the present invention includes the motor described in any one of the technical solutions of the second aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0048] The technical solution of the fourth aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body; and the water pump described in the technical solution of the third aspect, installed in the vehicle body.

[0049] The vehicle provided by the technical solution of the fourth aspect of the present invention includes the water pump described in any one of the technical solutions of the third aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0050] In any of the above technical solutions, the vehicle is a new energy vehicle.

[0051] Of course, it is not limited to the field of new energy vehicles, but can also be applied to technical fields such as traditional fuel vehicles and hybrid vehicles.

[0052] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0054] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor core according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor core according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor core according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotor according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the assembled rotor core and permanent magnet according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 12 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the assembled rotor core and permanent magnet according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 13 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the assembled rotor core and permanent magnet according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 14 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 15 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 16 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 17 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 18 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 19 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 20 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 21 1 is a schematic diagram of magnetization of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 22 1 is a schematic diagram of magnetization of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 23 1 is a schematic diagram of magnetization of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 24 1 is a schematic diagram of magnetization of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 25 is a schematic block diagram of a motor according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 26 is a schematic block diagram of a water pump according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 27 is a schematic block diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0081] in, Figures 1 to 27 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and component names is as follows:

[0082] 100 rotor, 1 rotating shaft, 11 shaft inner hole, 2 rotor core, 21 filling groove, 22 air-avoiding groove, 23 inner side surface, 24 shaft hole, 25 mounting groove, 3 gasket, 31 side circumferential surface, 311 annular groove, 32 protrusion, 33 recess, 34 positioning portion, 35 indicator portion, 30 positioning structure, 4 housing, 41 filling portion, 42 air-avoiding portion, 43 first end layer, 431 first end portion, 4311 protrusion, 4312 supporting portion, 432 second end portion, 44 second end layer, 441 third end portion, 442 fourth end portion, 45 extension portion, 46 plastic package, 5 permanent magnet, 6 magnetizing device;

[0083] 200 motor, 202 stator;

[0084] 300 water pump, 302 impeller;

[0085] 400 vehicles, 402 vehicle bodies. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0087] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0088] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 27 A rotor, a motor, a water pump and a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0089] Example 1

[0090] A rotor 100 (such as Figure 4 As shown), it includes: a rotating shaft 1, a rotor core 2, a casing 4 and a gasket 3.

[0091] Specifically, the rotor core 2 is provided with an axial hole 24 and a mounting slot 25. The permanent magnet 5 is mounted in the mounting slot 25. The housing 4 is connected to the rotor core 2 and covers at least the open end of the mounting slot 25, thereby encapsulating the permanent magnet 5 in the rotor core 2. The gasket 3 is provided with a positioning structure 30 for directly or indirectly positioning the permanent magnet 5. The gasket 3 is fixed to the housing 4 and is arranged coaxially with the rotor core 2.

[0092] The rotor 100 provided in this embodiment has a positioning structure 30 provided on the gasket 3. The positioning structure 30 can directly or indirectly position the permanent magnet 5 in the rotor core 2. The magnetization position of the permanent magnet 5 can be accurately located according to the position of the permanent magnet 5, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent magnetization and ensuring that the permanent magnet 5 is fully magnetized.

[0093] In addition, compared with setting the positioning structure 30 on the outer shell 4, the size of the positioning structure 30 on the gasket 3 can be significantly reduced, or the outer contour of the gasket 3 (such as the outer contour of the polygonal gasket 3) can be directly used as the positioning structure 30, thereby simplifying the design of the positioning structure 30 and avoiding the additional setting of the positioning structure 30 on the outer shell 4, thereby simplifying the structure of the outer shell 4 and simplifying the processing technology of the outer shell 4.

[0094] The housing 4 may be a plastic-coated body 46, a stainless steel or plastic frame, etc., all of which can shield the permanent magnets 5 and encapsulate the permanent magnets 5 within the rotor core 2. The stainless steel housings may be connected by welding or other methods. The shaft 1 may be a hollow shaft having an inner shaft hole 11 therein.

[0095] Furthermore, at least one end surface of the rotor core 2 is provided with a filling slot 21 (such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown), the filling groove 21 is connected to the shaft hole 24 (as shown Figure 1 and Figure 7 shown).

[0096] The rotor core 2 provided by the present technical solution is provided with a filling groove 21 on at least one end face of the rotor core 2. Since the filling groove 21 is connected to the axial hole 24, the filling portion 41 can be installed in the filling groove 21, thereby increasing the axial distance between the rotor core 2 and the external gas or liquid, and thus effectively preventing the external gas or liquid from contacting the rotor core 2 or even entering the interior of the rotor core 2 through the gap between the housing 4 and the rotating shaft 1, thereby preventing corrosion of the rotor core 2, playing an anti-rust role, and also preventing liquid contamination.

[0097] Furthermore, when the housing 4 is formed as a plastic overmolding body 46, during injection molding, liquid plastic flows into the filling groove 21 and eventually solidifies to form a filling portion 41. The filling portion 41 is tightly bonded to the shaft 1, increasing the contact area between the plastic overmolding body 46 and the shaft 1, improving the bonding strength between the plastic overmolding body 46 and the shaft 1, and extending the axial fit length between the plastic overmolding body 46 and the shaft 1. This effectively prevents external gas or liquid from contacting the rotor core 2 through the plastic overmolding body 46 or even entering the interior of the rotor core 2, thereby preventing corrosion of the rotor core 2 and providing a rust-proof effect. It also prevents contamination of the liquid. Furthermore, the end layers of the filling portion 41 and the plastic overmolding body 46 are connected together, increasing the strength of the plastic overmolding body 46.

[0098] Of course, for the shell 4 made of stainless steel, plastic frame, etc., the shell 4 can be partially protruded into the filling groove 21 to form a filling part 41, or an additional filling part 41 can be used, such as silicone, rubber, etc.

[0099] Specifically, the filling groove 21 surrounds the shaft hole 24 , and the outer contour of the filling groove 21 is circular, polygonal, or petal-shaped.

[0100] The filling groove 21 surrounds the shaft hole 24, and the filling portion 41 in the filling groove 21 also surrounds the rotating shaft 1 and is tightly combined with the rotating shaft 1, which is beneficial to further prevent external gas or liquid from passing through the outer shell 4 to contact the rotor core 2 or even enter the interior of the rotor core 2, thereby improving the product's reliability and increasing the bonding strength between the filling portion 41 and the rotating shaft 1.

[0101] The specific shape of the outer contour of the filling groove 21 is not limited, including but not limited to a circle, a polygon or a petal shape, and may also be a sawtooth shape or other irregular shapes.

[0102] Furthermore, a ratio of an axial depth H of the filling slot 21 to an axial length L of the rotor core 2 is in a range of 0.03 to 0.3.

[0103] The ratio of the axial depth of the filling slot 21 to the axial length of the rotor core 2 is limited to a range of 0.03 to 0.3, such as 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, etc., which avoids the situation where the axial depth is too small, resulting in the filling portion 41 having an excessively weak effect, and avoids the situation where the axial depth is too large, resulting in a reduction in the strength of the rotor core 2.

[0104] Of course, the ratio of the axial depth H of the filling slot 21 to the axial length L of the rotor core 2 is not limited to the above range and can be adjusted as needed during actual production.

[0105] Specifically, the axial depth H of the filling groove 21 is in the range of 2 mm to 10 mm.

[0106] The axial depth of the filling groove 21 is limited to the range of 2mm to 10mm, such as 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, etc., which avoids the axial depth being too small, which causes the effect of the filling portion 41 to be too weak, and avoids the axial depth being too large, which causes the strength of the rotor core 2 to be reduced.

[0107] Of course, the axial depth of the filling groove 21 is not limited to the above range and can be adjusted as needed during actual production.

[0108] The outer contour of the filling slot 21 has a circumscribed circle, and the ratio of the diameter W of the circumscribed circle to the diameter d of the outer contour of the rotor core 2 is in the range of 0.24 to 0.57.

[0109] The ratio of the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the filling slot 21 to the diameter of the outer contour of the rotor core 2 is limited to a range of 0.24 to 0.57, such as 0.24, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.57, etc., which avoids the radial width being too small, which causes the effect of the filling portion 41 to be too weak, and avoids the radial width being too large, which causes the strength of the rotor core 2 to be reduced.

[0110] Of course, the ratio of the diameter W of the circumscribed circle to the diameter d of the outer contour of the rotor core 2 is not limited to the above range and can be adjusted as needed during actual production.

[0111] Furthermore, at least one air-avoiding groove 22 is formed on the inner side 23 of the rotor core 2. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The air-avoidance groove 22 penetrates at least one end surface of the rotor core 2 along the axial direction of the rotor.

[0112] In the prior art, when the rotating shaft 1 and the shaft hole 24 have an interference fit, there is a problem that the rotating shaft 1 is easily bent due to excessive pressing force when it is installed into the rotor core 2. However, the present application provides an air-avoidance groove 22 on the inner side surface 23 of the rotor core 2, which can reduce the contact area between the rotor core 2 and the rotating shaft 1, thereby reducing the friction between the rotating shaft 1 and the rotor core 2 during assembly, that is, reducing the friction force when the rotating shaft 1 is pressed into, which is beneficial for assembly and prevents the rotating shaft 1 from being bent. By controlling the number and size of the air-avoidance grooves 22, the matching area between the rotating shaft 1 and the inner hole of the rotor core 2 can be determined, which facilitates the calculation of the pressing force and facilitates assembly.

[0113] Furthermore, the air-avoiding groove 22 penetrates at least one end surface of the rotor core 2 along the axial direction of the rotor.

[0114] This is beneficial to extending the axial length of the air-avoiding groove 22 , thereby further reducing the contact area between the rotating shaft 1 and the rotor core 2 during assembly, and further reducing the difficulty of assembly.

[0115] Furthermore, for the housing 4 employing a plastic overmolding 46, a clearance groove 22 is provided on the inner side 23 of the rotor core 2. Since the clearance groove 22 extends axially through at least one end face of the rotor core 2, during injection molding, liquid plastic flows into the clearance groove 22 and eventually solidifies to form a clearance portion 42, which is tightly bonded to the shaft 1. This increases the contact area between the plastic overmolding 46 and the shaft 1, enhancing the bonding strength between the two. This effectively prevents external gases or liquids from passing through the plastic overmolding 46 and contacting the rotor core 2, or even entering the interior of the rotor core 2, thereby preventing corrosion and rust. It also prevents contamination of liquids and increases the strength of the plastic overmolding 46, further tightening the bond between the rotor core 2 and the plastic overmolding 46. Furthermore, the clearance portion 42 can be connected to at least one end layer of the plastic overmolding 46, further strengthening the plastic overmolding 46.

[0116] The number of the air-avoiding slots 22 may be one or more. When there are more than one, they are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor core 2, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown. The cross-sectional shape of the air-avoiding groove 22 includes but is not limited to a semicircular shape (such as Figure 2 and Figure 12 As shown), triangle (as Figure 3 and Figure 13 shown), square, etc.

[0117] Specifically, the shape of the contour line of the cross section of the groove wall of the air-avoiding groove 22 includes an arc shape (such as Figure 2 and Figure 12 As shown), parabolic, V-shaped (as shown Figure 3 and Figure 13 As shown), any one or any combination of U-shapes.

[0118] The radial opening end of the air-avoiding groove 22 of this solution is relatively large, which is beneficial for further reducing the contact area between the rotating shaft 1 and the rotor core 2 during assembly, thereby further reducing the difficulty of assembly.

[0119] Of course, the shape of the contour line of the cross section of the groove wall of the air-avoiding groove 22 is not limited to the above-mentioned arc shape (such as semicircle), parabola shape, V shape or U shape or any combination of the above, and can also be other shapes.

[0120] Furthermore, the number of the air-avoiding grooves 22 is multiple, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of air-avoiding slots 22 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotor core 2 .

[0121] The uniform distribution of multiple air gaps 22 along the circumference of rotor core 2 further reduces the contact area between shaft 1 and rotor core 2 during assembly, further simplifying assembly. Furthermore, it helps balance the forces on shaft 1, further simplifying assembly. Furthermore, the arrangement in which air gaps 22 are filled with overmolding 46 further facilitates force balance between shaft 1 and overmolding 46.

[0122] Specifically, the ratio of the remaining arc length A of the inner side surface 23 of the rotor core 2 to the circumference B of the shaft hole 24 is in the range of 0.3 to 0.7, the ratio of the remaining area Sa of the inner side surface 23 of the rotor core 2 to the complete area Sb of the hole wall of the shaft hole 24 is in the range of 0.3 to 0.7, and the ratio of the radial depth C of the air avoidance groove 22 to the diameter D of the shaft hole 24 is in the range of 0.0625 to 0.375.

[0123] Furthermore, the ratio of the remaining arc length A of the inner side surface 23 of the rotor core 2 to the circumference B of the shaft hole 24 is in the range of 0.4 to 0.5, the ratio of the remaining area Sa of the inner side surface 23 of the rotor core 2 to the complete area Sb of the hole wall of the shaft hole 24 is in the range of 0.4 to 0.5, and the ratio of the radial depth C of the air avoidance groove 22 to the diameter D of the shaft hole 24 is in the range of 0.2 to 0.3.

[0124] The radial opening end of the air-avoidance slot 22 refers to the opening end of the air-avoidance slot 22 facing the central axis of the shaft hole 24. The surface where the opening end is located is a part of the cylindrical surface, and the cross section is an arc. The arc length of the cross section is the arc length of the radial opening end of the air-avoidance slot 22. The remaining arc length A of the inner side surface 23 of the rotor core 2 refers to the circumference of the inner side surface 23 without the air-avoidance slot 22 (that is, the circumference B of the shaft hole) minus the total arc length of the radial opening ends of all the air-avoidance slots 22, that is, the arc length of the portion of the inner side surface 23 of the rotor core 2 (with the air-avoidance slot 22) that contacts the rotating shaft 1. For example: Figure 2 In the equation, A=a0+a1+a2, where a0=a1=a2. Of course, a0, a1, and a2 may not be equal. Figure 3 In the formula (A = a × 6), the ratio of the remaining arc length A of the inner side surface 23 of the rotor core 2 to the circumference B of the shaft hole 24 is limited to a range of 0.3 to 0.7, such as 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, and further limited to a range of 0.4 to 0.5, such as 0.42, 0.44, 0.46, 0.48, and so on. This prevents the air gap 22 from being too narrow, thereby weakening the air gap, and also prevents the air gap 22 from being too wide, thereby reducing the strength of the rotor core 2.

[0125] The complete area Sb of the shaft hole 24 wall refers to the total area of ​​the shaft hole 24 wall without the air gap 22. The remaining area of ​​the inner side surface of the rotor core 2 is the total area of ​​the inner side surface without the air gap 22 (i.e., the complete area Sb of the shaft hole 24 wall) minus the total area of ​​the radially open ends of all the air gaps 22. In other words, the area of ​​the inner side surface of the rotor core 2 (with the air gap 22) that contacts the rotating shaft 1. The ratio of the remaining area Sa of the inner side surface of the rotor core 2 to the complete area Sb of the hole wall of the shaft hole 24 is limited to the range of 0.3 to 0.7, such as 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, etc., and further limited to the range of 0.4 to 0.5, such as 0.42, 0.44, 0.46, 0.48, etc., which avoids the air avoidance groove 22 being too narrow, resulting in the effect of the air avoidance portion 42 being too weak, and avoids the air avoidance groove 22 being too wide, resulting in a reduction in the strength of the rotor core 2.

[0126] The radial depth C of the air-avoiding groove 22 refers to the distance between the midpoint of the cross section of the radial opening end of the air-avoiding groove 22 and the radial outermost side of the air-avoiding groove 22. Figure 2 and Figure 3The ratio of the radial depth C of the air gap 22 to the diameter D of the shaft hole 24 is limited to a range of 0.0625 to 0.375, such as 0.0625, 0.1, 0.125, 0.175, 0.2, 0.225, 0.275, 0.3, 0.325, 0.375, etc., and further limited to a range of 0.2 to 0.3, such as 0.22, 0.24, 0.26, 0.28, etc., to avoid the air gap 22 being too narrow, which would result in the air gap being too weak, and the air gap 22 being too wide, which would result in the rotor core 2 having reduced strength.

[0127] It is understood that when the rotor core 2 does not have a clearance groove 22, the contact area S0 between the rotor core 2 and the rotating shaft 1 = the circumference B of the shaft hole 24 × the axial length L of the rotor core 2 = Sb. When the rotor core 2 has a clearance groove 22, the contact area S1 between the rotor core 2 and the rotating shaft 1 = the remaining arc length of the inner side surface 23 of the rotor core 2 × the axial length L of the rotor core 2 = Sa. When multiple clearance grooves 22 have identical shapes, S1 = S0 - the arc length of the radial opening of the clearance groove 22 × the axial length L of the rotor core 2 × the number of clearance grooves 22 = Sa. By reducing the contact area between the rotating shaft 1 and the rotor core 2, pressure is relieved, making it easier to press the rotating shaft 1 into the shaft hole 24 when the interference fit occurs. This also facilitates the flow of liquid plastic into the clearance groove 22 during injection molding.

[0128] Of course, the ratio of the arc length A of the radially open end of the clearance groove 22 to the circumference B of the shaft hole 24 is not limited to the above range and can be adjusted as needed during actual production. Similarly, the ratio of the radial depth C of the clearance groove 22 to the diameter D of the shaft hole 24 is not limited to the above range and can be adjusted as needed during actual production. Similarly, the ratio of the residual area Sa of the inner side surface of the rotor core 2 to the intact area Sb of the wall of the shaft hole 24 is not limited to the above range and can be adjusted as needed during actual production.

[0129] Furthermore, the shaft hole 24 is used for interference fit with the rotating shaft 1 .

[0130] The shaft hole 24 is used for an interference fit with the rotating shaft 1. During the assembly process of the rotating shaft 1 and the rotor core 2, the rotating shaft 1 is subjected to a large frictional resistance. Therefore, the design of the present application is conducive to significantly reducing the difficulty of assembling the rotating shaft 1. Of course, the shaft hole 24 can also be used for a clearance fit or a transition fit with the rotating shaft 1.

[0131] Furthermore, a chamfer is provided at a connection portion between the radial opening end of the air-avoiding groove 22 and the inner side surface of the rotor core 2 .

[0132] A chamfer is provided at the connection portion between the radial opening end of the air-avoiding groove 22 and the inner side surface of the rotor core 2, so that the connection portion between the two is relatively smooth, which facilitates the smooth flow of liquid plastic into the air-avoiding groove 22 during the injection molding process; it is also beneficial to increase the groove wall area of ​​the air-avoiding groove 22 (the chamfered portion is counted as part of the air-avoiding groove 22), thereby improving the bonding strength between the plastic-encapsulated body and the rotor core 2; it is also beneficial to increase the arc length of the radial opening end of the air-avoiding groove 22, thereby further reducing the contact area between the rotor core 2 and the rotating shaft 1, and further reducing the assembly difficulty of the rotating shaft 1.

[0133] Specifically, the shell 4 is a plastic body that covers the portion of the rotor core 2 exposed from the shaft hole 24 and the gasket 3 , and covers the portion of the gasket 3 exposed from the shaft hole 24 , and forms an integrated structure with the rotor core 2 and the gasket 3 .

[0134] Part of the overmolded body forms a filling portion 41 , and part of the overmolded body is filled in the air gap 22 of the rotor core 2 to form an air gap 42 .

[0135] The outer shell 4 is in the form of a plastic-encapsulated body 46. Since the plastic-encapsulated body 46 wraps the part of the rotor core 2 exposed to the shaft hole 24 and the part exposed to the gasket 3 (that is, the part of the rotor core 2 that is not in contact with the rotating shaft 1 and the gasket 3) and covers the part of the gasket 3 exposed to the shaft hole 24, it ensures that the rotor core 2 can be stably and securely sealed inside the plastic-encapsulated body 46 or inside the outer shell 4 formed by the plastic-encapsulated body 46 and the gasket 3, and will not shift or even fall out. It also ensures that the gasket 3 will not shift or fall out, thereby improving the reliability of the motor 200. At the same time, it also eliminates the tedious processes such as fastener fixation, which is conducive to simplifying the processing process and improving the preparation efficiency.

[0136] At the same time, during the injection molding process, liquid plastic can enter the filling groove 21 and the air-avoiding groove 22, and then solidify to form the filling portion 41 and the air-avoiding portion 42. There is no need to additionally set up the filling portion 41 and perform the filling process, which improves the assembly efficiency and also improves the bonding strength between the plastic body 46 and the rotating shaft 1.

[0137] Furthermore, the overmolded body 46, the rotating shaft 1, the gasket 3, and the rotor core 2 form an integrated structure. In other words, the rotating shaft 1 and the overmolded body 46 are injection molded together.

[0138] During the production process, the rotor core 2 and the gasket 3 are first mounted on the rotating shaft 1. The gasket 3 is installed in a certain relative position relationship with the mounting groove 25. Then the permanent magnet 5 is placed. Then, the mold is placed and injected with liquid plastic for injection molding. After the liquid plastic solidifies to form the overmolded body 46, an integrated rotor sealed by injection molding can be obtained. The rotating shaft 1, the rotor core 2, the gasket 3, and the overmolded body 46 form an integrated structure. The rotating shaft 1 and the rotor core 2 cannot move relative to each other, the bonding strength is high, and the fixation is reliable.

[0139] Of course, the shaft 1 and the plastic body 46 may not be injection molded together, in which case the shaft 1 and the rotor core 2 can move relative to each other. The housing 4 is not limited to the plastic body 46, and may also be in the form of stainless steel, a plastic frame, etc.

[0140] Specifically, the positioning structure 30 can be completely exposed from the overmolding body 46 or only partially exposed from the overmolding body 46. For example, if the positioning structure 30 is the side surface 31 of the gasket 3 and the contour of the side surface 31 is polygonal, then the side surface 31 of the gasket 3 can be partially covered by the overmolding body 46 and partially protruded from the overmolding body 46 to thereby perform a positioning function. In this case, the positioning structure 30 is partially exposed from the overmolding body 46.

[0141] Alternatively, the positioning structure 30 is a protrusion on the end surface of the gasket 3 facing away from the rotor core 2 , and the protrusion is completely exposed outside the overmolding body 46 . In this case, the positioning structure 30 is completely exposed outside the overmolding body 46 .

[0142] The permanent magnet 5 also refers to magnetic steel, and is particularly preferably a permanent magnet based on a permanent magnetic material, such as an iron-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet 5. The permanent magnet 5 can be installed in the rotor core 2 by glue coating or ejector pin support.

[0143] Furthermore, the overmolded body 46 includes an extension portion 45, such as Figure 10 The extension portion 45 is provided on the end surface of the plastic body 46 and extends along the axial direction of the rotor 100, as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown, the extension portion 45 is annular and surrounds the rotating shaft 1 .

[0144] An extension portion 45 is provided on the end surface of the overmolding body 46. Since the extension portion 45 extends along the axial direction of the rotor 100 and surrounds the rotating shaft 1, it is equivalent to extending the axial matching length of the overmolding body 46 and the rotating shaft 1. This helps to further prevent external gas or liquid from contacting the rotor core 2 or even entering the interior of the rotor core 2 through the overmolding body 46, thereby improving the reliability of the product and enhancing the bonding strength between the overmolding body 46 and the rotating shaft 1.

[0145] Specifically, the shell 4 includes a first end layer 43 and a second end layer 44. Figure 5 The first end layer 43 covers one end surface of the rotor core 2 and covers a portion of the gasket 3, and the second end layer 44 covers the other end surface of the rotor core 2, as shown. Figure 5 shown.

[0146] More specifically, the first end layer 43 includes a first end 431 and a second end 432, and the second end layer 44 includes a third end 441 and a fourth end 442. Figure 5As shown. The first end 431 and the second end 432 are sequentially connected from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the rotor 100, and the first end 431 covers a portion of the gasket 3 and a portion of the first end 431 corresponds to the end face of the permanent magnet 5. The third end 441 and the fourth end 442 are sequentially connected from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the rotor 100. That is, the outer contour diameter of the first end 431 is smaller than the outer contour diameter D3 of the second end 432, and the outer contour diameter D4 of the third end 441 is larger than the outer contour diameter D5 of the fourth end 442, as shown. Figure 6 shown.

[0147] The thickness of the first end portion 431 is greater than the thickness T3 of the second end portion 432, and the thickness T4 of the third end portion 441 is less than the thickness T5 of the fourth end portion 442. Figure 6 shown.

[0148] Since external gas or liquid penetrates inwardly along the gap between the housing 4 and the rotating shaft 1 and then contacts the rotor core 2 or enters the interior of the rotor core 2 , the radially inner portion of the end surface of the rotor core 2 is more susceptible to corrosion.

[0149] To this end, the present solution designs the two end layers of the outer shell 4 to be of unequal thickness, with the radially inner first end 431 and the fourth end 442 being relatively thicker, and the radially outer second end 432 and the third end 441 being relatively thinner, which is equivalent to locally thickening the radial inner part of the two end layers. This increases the distance between the radially inner part of the end face of the rotor core 2 and the external gas or liquid, which helps prevent external gas or liquid from entering the rotor core 2 and corroding the rotor core 2.

[0150] At the same time, compared to thickening the two end layers as a whole, this saves raw materials, reduces production costs, and reduces product weight. In addition, a portion of the first end portion 431 corresponds to the end surface of the permanent magnet 5, which is beneficial for supporting the permanent magnet 5 during injection molding and improving the stability of the position of the permanent magnet 5.

[0151] Furthermore, the first end portion 431 includes a protruding portion 4311 and a supporting portion 4312. Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown. The protrusion 4311 and the support portion 4312 are sequentially connected from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the rotor 100. That is, the diameter D0 of the outer contour of the gasket 3 is smaller than the diameter D1 of the outer contour of the protrusion 4311, and the diameter D1 of the outer contour of the protrusion 4311 is smaller than the diameter D2 of the outer contour of the support portion 4312. And, as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a portion of the gasket 3 is embedded in the protrusion 4311 and is covered by the protrusion 4311, and the support portion 4312 corresponds to the end surface of the permanent magnet 5. The thickness T1 of the protrusion 4311 is greater than the thickness T2 of the support portion 4312.

[0152] The first end portion 431 is designed with a non-uniform thickness structure, with the radially inward protrusion 4311 being relatively thicker, and the radially outward support portion 4312 being relatively thinner. A portion of the gasket 3 is embedded in and covered by the protrusion 4311. This further increases the distance between the radially inward portion of the end face of the rotor core 2 and external air or liquid, further preventing external air or liquid from entering and corroding the rotor core 2. The support portion 4312 aligns with the end face of the permanent magnet 5, facilitating support of the permanent magnet 5 during injection molding and improving the stability of its position.

[0153] It is understood that the portion of the first end 431 that protrudes from the second end 432 can either protrude toward the rotor core 2, in which case the filling portion 41 can form a portion of the first end 431; or it can protrude away from the rotor core 2, in which case the extension 45 can form a portion of the first end 431. Similarly, the filling portion 41 can form a portion of the fourth end 442, and the extension 45 can also form a portion of the fourth end 442. In other words, the first end 431 and the fourth end 442 can be concave, convex, or both, thereby increasing their thickness.

[0154] Furthermore, the end surface of the gasket 3 facing away from the rotor core 2 protrudes from the housing 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 shown.

[0155] Making the end face of the gasket 3 facing away from the rotor core 2 protrude from the housing 4 is beneficial to increasing the arrangement range of the positioning structure 30, making it convenient to reasonably design the shape, position, number, etc. of the positioning structure 30 according to needs to improve the positioning effect; on the other hand, it is also beneficial to reduce the amount of plastic used, thereby saving raw materials.

[0156] At the same time, the gasket 3 is partially exposed outside the housing 4, which is also beneficial to further increase the axial distance between the rotor core 2 and the external gas or liquid, thereby further improving the rust prevention effect. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the axial distance between the left end of the rotor core 2 and the external gas or liquid increases from T3 to L1, and the axial distance between the right end of the rotor core 2 and the external gas or liquid increases from T4 to L2.

[0157] In addition, it can also prevent the outer shell 4 from friction and wear with other structures, thereby protecting the outer shell 4. Of course, the end face of the gasket 3 facing away from the rotor core 2 can also be flush with the end face of the outer shell 4.

[0158] The end face of the gasket 3 facing away from the rotor core 2 protrudes from the housing 4 by an axial height H1 of less than or equal to 5 mm, such as 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm. In other words, the thickness of the gasket 3 is H2, the depth of the gasket 3 embedded in the protrusion 4311 is less than H2, and the distance between the end face of the gasket 3 facing away from the rotor core 2 and the end face of the protrusion 4311 facing away from the rotor core 2 is H2.

[0159] Limiting the axial height H1 of the end face of the gasket 3 facing away from the rotor core 2 from the housing 4 to 5 mm or less prevents H1 from being too small, resulting in a too small exposed area of ​​the gasket 3, and H1 from being too large, resulting in an excessively weak bonding force between the gasket 3 and the housing 4, thereby improving the bonding strength between the gasket 3 and the housing 4. Of course, the height of the end face of the gasket 3 facing away from the rotor core 2 from the housing 4 is not limited to the above range and can be adjusted as needed during actual production.

[0160] Specifically, the outer contour of the gasket 3 is in the shape of a circle (eg Figure 17 、 Figure 18 and Figure 20 as shown) or polygons (as Figure 14 、 Figure 15 、 Figure 16 and Figure 18 shown).

[0161] The shape of the outer contour of the gasket 3 is not specifically limited, including but not limited to a circle or a polygon (such as a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, etc.), and of course it can also be other special-shaped shapes, such as a petal shape or a star shape, and can be specifically designed according to the specific structure of the product. Among them, a polygon (two adjacent sides can be connected by rounded corners or chamfers, or directly connected by sharp corners) or other non-circular special-shaped shapes can limit the circumferential relative rotation between the gasket 3 and the housing 4, thereby improving the connection reliability of the gasket 3 and the housing 4, and also facilitates the use of the shape of the outer contour to locate the position of the permanent magnet 5.

[0162] Furthermore, the gasket 3 is provided with a recess 33 (such as Figure 17 As shown) and / or protrusion 32, as Figure 16 and Figure 19 shown.

[0163] Providing a recess 33, a protrusion 32, or a recess 33 and a protrusion 32 on the gasket 3 can play a good positioning role. Specifically, when the portion where the gasket 3 contacts the shell 4 is provided with these structures, these structures can increase the contact area between the shell 4 and the gasket 3, thereby increasing the bonding force between the shell 4 and the gasket 3, making the gasket 3 more secure and less likely to loosen; and when these structures are not completely covered by the shell 4, they can also be used to locate the position of the permanent magnet 5. When these structures are provided at the portion where the gasket 3 does not contact the shell 4, these structures can be used to locate the position of the permanent magnet 5. In addition, these recesses 33 and protrusions 32 can also be used to store liquid, play a lubricating role, and reduce the contact area between the gasket 3 and other external structures, thereby reducing frictional resistance and improving frictional heat generation.

[0164] The convex portion 32 may be a relatively small protrusion, such as Figure 16 As shown; it can also be a relatively large convex plate, such as Figure 19 shown.

[0165] In some specific examples, the positioning structure 30 includes the outer contour of the gasket 3, such as Figure 21 and Figure 22 shown.

[0166] The shape of the outer contour of the gasket 3 is reasonably designed according to the position of the permanent magnet 5. When assembling the gasket 3, its outer contour is made to correspond to the position of the permanent magnet 5 slot. After the overmolding is completed, the position of the permanent magnet 5 can be positioned according to the outer contour of the gasket 3. The structure and principle are relatively simple and easy to implement.

[0167] In a specific example, the outer contour of the gasket 3 is in the shape of a polygon, such as Figure 15 As shown, a plurality of recesses 33 are provided on at least one end surface of the gasket 3 , the number of the recesses 33 on at least one end surface is equal to the number of sides of the polygon, and the plurality of recesses 33 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the gasket 3 .

[0168] The outer contour of the gasket 3 is a polygon. This can be a strict polygon, where two adjacent sides are directly connected by a sharp corner; or it can be a non-strict polygon, where two adjacent sides are connected by a rounded corner or a chamfered corner. This allows the position of the permanent magnet 5 to be directly determined by the contour of the gasket 3, effectively simplifying the product structure. At least one end surface of the gasket 3 is uniformly provided with recesses 33 along the circumference, equal to the number of sides of the polygon. This makes the structure of the gasket 3 more regular and facilitates processing and forming. When the gasket 3 has these recesses 33 on the end surface facing the rotor core 2, they increase the contact area between the gasket 3 and the overmolding, thereby improving the bonding strength between the gasket 3 and the overmolding. When the gasket 3 has these recesses 33 on the end surface facing away from the rotor core 2, these recesses 33 can be used to locate the position of the permanent magnet 5 and also to contain liquid, thereby reducing frictional heat generation.

[0169] For example: Figure 21 and Figure 22 In the embodiment, the gasket 3 is square and there are four permanent magnets 5. The outer contour of the gasket 3 is directly used as a positioning structure to locate the position of the permanent magnets. In other words, there is no need to provide additional positioning portions 34; the shape of the gasket 3 itself can be used for positioning. Compared with solutions that provide additional positioning portions 34 on the gasket 3 or on the housing 4, this solution significantly simplifies the production process and saves raw materials.

[0170] In some specific examples, the positioning structure 30 includes a concave portion 33 and / or a convex portion 32 provided on the gasket 3 .

[0171] The recesses 33 and the protrusions 32, or the number, shape, and position of the recesses 33 and the protrusions 32, are reasonably arranged according to the position of the permanent magnet 5. When assembling the gasket 3, these structures are made to correspond to the positions of the slots of the permanent magnet 5. After the overmolding is completed, the position of the permanent magnet 5 can be positioned according to the outer contour of the gasket 3. The structure and principle are relatively simple and easy to implement.

[0172] Furthermore, the positioning structure 30 includes a plurality of positioning portions 34, the number of the positioning portions 34 is equal to the number of the permanent magnets 5, and the plurality of positioning portions 34 directly correspond to the plurality of permanent magnets 5 one by one, and are used to directly locate the positions of the plurality of permanent magnets 5, such as Figure 21 As shown. Figure 21 In the embodiment, the number of the permanent magnets 5 is four, and the positioning structure 30 includes four positioning portions 34 . The four positioning portions 34 are respectively the four corner portions of the outer contour of the square gasket 3 .

[0173] The positioning structure 30 includes a positioning portion 34. The positioning portion 34 is used to position the permanent magnet 5, which is beneficial for improving the positioning speed of the permanent magnet 5 and further improving the magnetization efficiency. The number of positioning portions 34 can be equal to or different from the number of permanent magnets 5, and can be used to directly or indirectly position the permanent magnet 5.

[0174] Of course, when there is only one permanent magnet 5 , one positioning portion 34 may be used to directly position the permanent magnet 5 .

[0175] Specifically, the number of positioning parts 34 is equal to the number of permanent magnets 5, and multiple positioning parts 34 directly correspond to multiple permanent magnets 5 one by one. This solution uses multiple positioning parts 34 to locate the position of each permanent magnet 5 one by one, thereby realizing direct positioning of the position of each permanent magnet 5 and ensuring the positioning accuracy of the position of each permanent magnet 5. During magnetization, each permanent magnet 5 can be magnetized according to each positioning part 34 without the need for indirect positioning by calculation. This is conducive to further improving the magnetization rate while ensuring the magnetization accuracy.

[0176] Furthermore, the projection of the permanent magnet 5 on the end surface of the rotor 100 is a strip-shaped structure, such as Figures 21 to 24 As shown. There are multiple permanent magnets 5, and the multiple permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft 1. The line connecting the center of the strip structure and the center of the end face of the rotor 100 passes through the positioning portion 34. Figure 21 shown.

[0177] The permanent magnet motor 200 is generally divided into a radial structure permanent magnet motor 200 and a tangential structure permanent magnet motor 200. The projection of the permanent magnet 5 of the radial structure permanent magnet motor 200 on the end face of the rotor 100 is generally a strip structure extending along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 2 (such as Figure 21 As shown), the projection of the permanent magnet 5 of the tangential structure permanent magnet motor 200 on the end surface of the rotor 100 is generally a strip structure extending in the radial direction of the rotor core 2 (as shown in FIG. Figure 22 As shown). The line connecting the center of the strip structure and the center of the end face of the rotor 100 passes through the positioning portion 34. The line connecting the positioning portion 34 and the center of the end face of the rotor 100 must pass through the center position of the permanent magnet 5. The magnetizing head of the magnetizing device 6 faces the positioning portion 34. Figure 21 As shown, it is also facing the center position of the permanent magnet 5, and the permanent magnet 5 can be accurately magnetized.

[0178] Example 2

[0179] The difference from the first embodiment is that the side surface 31 of the gasket 3 is provided with an annular groove 311. Figure 20A portion of the first end portion 431 is embedded in the annular groove 311 to cover a portion of the gasket 3, as shown. Figure 11 shown.

[0180] The side circumferential surface 31 of the gasket 3 is provided with an annular groove 311, resulting in an I-shaped longitudinal cross-section of the gasket 3. Because the gasket 3 is sleeved onto the rotating shaft 1, and the annular groove 311 opens radially outward, the annular groove 311 is exposed to the rotating shaft 1 and does not contact the rotating shaft 1. A portion of the first end portion 431 is embedded within the annular groove 311, so that the first end portion 431 covers the groove wall of the annular groove 311 and tightly bonds with the groove wall to form a single unit. This strong bond provides a secure fixation, effectively preventing axial relative movement between the gasket 3 and the housing 4.

[0181] In addition, the gasket 3 of this shape is relatively thick. On the basis of ensuring that the distance between the radially inner portion of the end face of the rotor core 2 and the external gas or liquid is relatively large, the thickness of the corresponding position of the first end portion 431 can be reduced. For example, the first end portion 431 can be directly designed as a uniform thickness structure. Figure 11 As shown, it is beneficial to save raw materials.

[0182] Example 3

[0183] The difference from the second embodiment is that the positioning structure 30 includes a plurality of positioning parts 34, the number of the positioning parts 34 is equal to the number of the permanent magnets 5, and the plurality of positioning parts 34 cooperate to indirectly locate the positions of the plurality of permanent magnets 5, such as Figure 22 As shown. Figure 22 In the embodiment, the number of the permanent magnets 5 is four, and the positioning structure 30 includes four positioning portions 34 . The four positioning portions 34 are respectively the four corner portions of the outer contour of the square gasket 3 .

[0184] The number of positioning parts 34 is equal to the number of permanent magnets 5, and multiple positioning parts 34 cooperate to indirectly locate the positions of multiple permanent magnets 5. For example, when multiple permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed, multiple positioning parts 34 are respectively located between two adjacent permanent magnets 5, then there is a permanent magnet 5 between the two adjacent positioning parts 34, which also realizes the positioning of the position of each permanent magnet 5.

[0185] Furthermore, the projection of the permanent magnet 5 on the end surface of the rotor 100 is a strip structure. There are multiple permanent magnets 5, and the multiple permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 1. The positioning portion 34 is located at the center between two adjacent strip structures, such as Figure 22 shown.

[0186] The permanent magnet motor 200 is generally divided into a radial structure permanent magnet motor 200 and a tangential structure permanent magnet motor 200. The projection of the permanent magnet 5 of the radial structure permanent magnet motor 200 on the end surface of the rotor 100 is generally a strip-shaped structure extending in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 2. The projection of the permanent magnet 5 of the tangential structure permanent magnet motor 200 on the end surface of the rotor 100 is generally a strip-shaped structure extending in the radial direction of the rotor core 2. When multiple permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft 1, the positioning portion 34 can be located at the center between two adjacent strip-shaped structures, and the middle position between the two positioning portions 34 is a permanent magnet 5. Alternatively, according to the cooperation between the positioning portion 34 and the indicator portion 35, the position of one of the adjacent permanent magnets 5 can be located by rotating the positioning portion 34 by an appropriate angle, thereby inferring the positions of the other permanent magnets 5.

[0187] Among them, for the radial structure permanent magnet motor 200, the positioning portion 34 is preferably set on the line connecting the center of the strip structure and the center of the end face of the rotor 100; for the tangential structure permanent magnet motor 200, the positioning portion 34 is preferably set at the center position between two adjacent strip structures.

[0188] Example 4

[0189] The difference from the second embodiment is that the positioning structure 30 includes a positioning portion 34 and an indication portion 35 . The positioning portion 34 locates the position of at least one permanent magnet 5 , and the indication portion 35 cooperates with the positioning portion 34 to estimate the positions of other permanent magnets 5 .

[0190] This solution directly locates the position of at least one of the permanent magnets 5 through the positioning portion 34, and indirectly locates the positions of the other permanent magnets 5 through the coordination of the position of the permanent magnet 5 (determined by the positioning portion 34) and the indicator portion 35. Compared to a solution in which multiple positioning portions 34 are provided, each corresponding to a permanent magnet 5, this solution simplifies the positioning structure 30 and the production process.

[0191] The specific number of the positioning portions 34 and the specific number of the indication mark portions 35 are not limited, and the number of the positioning portions 34 and the number of the indication mark portions 35 may be equal or unequal.

[0192] For example, the number of the positioning portion 34 is one, and the number of the indicator portion 35 is one. Figure 23 As shown, it is beneficial to further simplify the positioning structure 30 and further simplify the production process. Alternatively, the number of positioning parts 34 is two and the number of indicator parts 35 is two, which is beneficial to further improve the positioning speed and further improve the magnetization rate. Alternatively, the number of positioning parts 34 is two and the number of indicator parts 35 is one, as shown Figure 24As shown, on the basis of improving the positioning speed, it is beneficial to further simplify the positioning structure 30.

[0193] Furthermore, the indicator mark portion 35 includes a mark for indicating the number of the permanent magnets 5, such as Figure 24 shown.

[0194] The indicator portion 35 includes an indicator for indicating the number of permanent magnets 5, such as Arabic numerals, Chinese characters, etc. The positions of one or more permanent magnets 5, combined with the number of permanent magnets 5, can be used to infer the positions of other permanent magnets 5. The number of permanent magnets 5 indicated by the indicator portion 35 can be the total number of permanent magnets 5 or the number of some permanent magnets 5.

[0195] For example: four permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed, the number of positioning parts 34 is one or two, and the indicating marking part 35 is in the form of 4 or four; five permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed, the number of positioning parts 34 is two, and the indicating marking part 35 is in the form of 5 or five; six permanent magnets 5 are unevenly distributed, among which three permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed according to a certain rule to form a first group, and the other three permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed according to a certain rule to form a second group, the number of positioning parts 34 is two, and the number of indicating marking parts 35 is also two, one of the positioning parts 34 indicates one of the permanent magnets 5 in the first group, and the indicating marking part 35 is in the form of 3 or three, and the other positioning part 34 indicates one of the permanent magnets 5 in the second group, and the indicating marking part 35 is in the form of 3 or three.

[0196] Example 5

[0197] The difference from the fourth embodiment is that the indicator mark portion 35 includes a mark for indicating the arrangement of the permanent magnets 5, such as Figure 23 shown.

[0198] The indicating mark portion 35 includes marks for indicating the arrangement form of the permanent magnets 5, such as a polygonal structure, a star-shaped structure, a multi-point structure arranged at intervals, etc. The positions of one or more permanent magnets 5 and the arrangement form of the permanent magnets 5 can be used to infer the positions of other permanent magnets 5.

[0199] For example, if four permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed, the indicator portion 35 is in the form of a regular quadrilateral or four points; if multiple permanent magnets 5 are distributed in the form of a five-pointed star, the indicator portion 35 is in the form of a five-pointed star.

[0200] Of course, the indicator mark portion 35 may also include the above-mentioned marks for indicating the number of permanent magnets 5 and the arrangement of permanent magnets 5, which is beneficial to further improve the positioning speed and further improve the magnetization rate.

[0201] In a specific example, four permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed, there are two positioning parts 34, and the indicator mark part 35 adopts the form of 2-4, where 2 means there are two positioning parts 34, and 4 means there are four permanent magnets 5 evenly distributed. Figure 24 shown.

[0202] In another specific example, the indicator portion 35 is a polygonal structure, such as Figure 23 As shown, the polygonal structure encloses a distribution pattern of multiple permanent magnets 5 , and multiple vertices or multiple edges of the polygonal structure refer to multiple permanent magnets 5 .

[0203] The indicator portion 35 adopts a polygonal structure, which encloses a distribution pattern of multiple permanent magnets 5. As long as the position of one permanent magnet 5 is known, the positions of the other permanent magnets 5 can be inferred based on the distribution pattern. The structure and principle are relatively simple and easy to implement. For example: if three permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed, the indicator portion 35 adopts an equilateral triangle; if three permanent magnets 5 are unevenly distributed, the indicator portion 35 adopts a non-equilateral triangle; if four permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed, the indicator portion 35 adopts a square. Figure 23 As shown; five permanent magnets 5 are evenly distributed, and the indicator portion 35 adopts a regular pentagon.

[0204] In order to balance the accuracy and speed of subsequent magnetization, this solution is generally adopted for multiple evenly distributed permanent magnets 5. For a radial rotor 100, the multiple permanent magnets 5 can be represented by the multiple edges of a polygonal structure; for a tangential rotor 100, the multiple permanent magnets 5 can be represented by the multiple vertices of a polygonal structure.

[0205] Of course, the indicator portion 35 is not limited to the above polygonal structure. For example, it can also be a structure of multiple dots arranged at intervals, or a structure of Arabic numerals or Chinese characters.

[0206] In any of the above embodiments, the positioning portion 34 is circular in shape (e.g. Figure 23 and Figure 24 as shown), square, triangle, strip or line.

[0207] The shape of the positioning portion 34 is not particularly limited, including but not limited to circular, square, triangular, strip, and linear shapes, and can be specifically designed according to the specific structure of the product.

[0208] Example 6

[0209] A motor 200, such as Figure 25 As shown, it comprises: a rotor 100 as in any one of the above embodiments and a stator 202. The stator 202 is sleeved on the outside of the rotor 100 and matched with the rotor 100.

[0210] The motor 200 provided in this embodiment includes the rotor 100 of any one of the above embodiments, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0211] Example 7

[0212] A water pump 300, such as Figure 26 As shown, it comprises: the motor 200 and the impeller 302 as described in the above embodiment. The impeller 302 is connected to the rotating shaft 1 of the motor 200.

[0213] The water pump 300 provided in this embodiment includes the motor 200 of any one of the above embodiments, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0214] Example 8

[0215] A vehicle 400, such as Figure 27 As shown, it includes: a vehicle body 402 and the water pump 300 of the above embodiment, and the water pump 300 is installed in the vehicle body 402.

[0216] The vehicle 400 provided in this embodiment includes the water pump 300 of any one of the above embodiments, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0217] In any of the above embodiments, the vehicle 400 is a new energy vehicle 400 .

[0218] Of course, it is not limited to the field of new energy vehicles 400, but can also be applied to technical fields such as traditional fuel vehicles and hybrid vehicles.

[0219] In the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless expressly limited otherwise. Terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0220] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "front" and "back" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0221] Throughout this specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," and "specific embodiments" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0222] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor, characterized in that: include: A rotor core, wherein the rotor core is provided with an axial hole for accommodating a rotating shaft and a mounting groove for mounting a permanent magnet; A permanent magnet is installed in the installation slot to encapsulate the permanent magnet in the rotor core; a housing connected to the rotor core and covering at least an open end of the mounting slot to encapsulate the permanent magnet within the rotor core; A gasket is provided with a positioning structure for directly or indirectly positioning the position of the permanent magnet, and the magnetization position of the permanent magnet is positioned according to the position of the permanent magnet. The gasket is fixed to the housing and is coaxially arranged with the rotor core; The housing is a plastic body, and the plastic body includes an extension portion, which is provided on an end surface of the plastic body and extends along the axial direction of the rotor, and the extension portion is annular and surrounds the rotating shaft; At least one air-avoiding groove is formed on the inner side surface of the rotor core, and the air-avoiding groove penetrates at least one end surface of the rotor core along the axial direction of the rotor.

2. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that The overmolded body covers the portion of the rotor core exposed to the shaft hole and the gasket, and also covers the portion of the gasket exposed to the shaft hole, and forms an integrated structure with the rotor core and the gasket.

3. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that The overmolded body, the rotating shaft, the gasket, and the rotor core form an integrated structure.

4. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The housing includes a first end layer and a second end layer, the first end layer covers one end surface of the rotor core and encloses at least a portion of the gasket, and the second end layer covers the other end surface of the rotor core; The first end layer includes a first end portion and a second end portion, the first end portion and the second end portion are sequentially connected from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the rotor, the outer contour diameter D2 of the first end portion is smaller than the outer contour diameter D3 of the second end portion, the first end portion covers a portion of the gasket, and a portion of the first end portion corresponds to the end surface of the permanent magnet; The second end layer includes a third end and a fourth end, and the third end and the fourth end are sequentially connected from outside to inside along the radial direction of the rotor. The diameter D4 of the outer wheel of the third end is larger than the diameter D5 of the outer contour of the fourth end.

5. The rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that The thickness of the first end portion is greater than the thickness T3 of the second end portion; The thickness T4 of the third end portion is smaller than the thickness T5 of the fourth end portion.

6. The rotor according to claim 5, characterized in that The first end portion includes a protruding portion and a supporting portion, the protruding portion and the supporting portion are sequentially connected from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the rotor, the outer contour diameter D1 of the protruding portion is smaller than the outer contour diameter D2 of the supporting portion, a portion of the gasket is embedded in the protruding portion and covered by the protruding portion, the supporting portion corresponds to the end face of the permanent magnet, and the thickness T1 of the protruding portion is greater than the thickness T2 of the supporting portion; or An annular groove is provided on the side circumference of the gasket, and a portion of the first end portion is embedded in the annular groove to cover a portion of the gasket.

7. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The end surface of the gasket facing away from the rotor core protrudes from the housing.

8. The rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that The end surface of the gasket facing away from the rotor core protrudes from the housing by an axial height H1 that is less than or equal to 5 mm.

9. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The outer contour of the gasket is in the shape of a circle or a polygon; and / or The gasket is provided with a concave portion and / or a convex portion.

10. The rotor according to claim 9, characterized in that The outer contour of the gasket is in the shape of a polygon, and a plurality of recesses are provided on at least one end face of the gasket. The number of the recesses on at least one end face is equal to the number of sides of the polygon, and the plurality of recesses are evenly distributed along the circumference of the gasket.

11. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The positioning structure includes the outer contour of the gasket; and / or The positioning structure includes a concave portion and / or a convex portion provided on the gasket.

12. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The positioning structure includes a plurality of positioning parts, the number of the positioning parts is equal to the number of the permanent magnets, and the plurality of positioning parts directly correspond to the plurality of permanent magnets one by one, and are used to directly locate the positions of the plurality of permanent magnets; or The positioning structure includes a plurality of positioning parts, the number of the positioning parts is equal to the number of the permanent magnets, and the plurality of positioning parts cooperate to indirectly locate the positions of the plurality of permanent magnets; or The positioning structure includes a positioning portion and an indication mark portion. The positioning portion locates the position of at least one of the permanent magnets, and the indication mark portion is used to cooperate with the positioning portion to estimate the positions of the other permanent magnets.

13. The rotor according to claim 12, characterized in that The projection of the permanent magnet on the end face of the rotor is a strip-shaped structure; wherein the number of the permanent magnets is multiple, and the multiple permanent magnets are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the positioning portion is located at the center between two adjacent strip-shaped structures; or the line connecting the center of the strip structure and the center of the end face of the rotor passes through the positioning portion; and / or The positioning portion is in the shape of a circle, a square, a triangle, a strip or a line.

14. A motor, characterized in that: include: A rotor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13; and The stator is sleeved on the outer side of the rotor and matched with the rotor.

15. A water pump, characterized in that: include: The motor according to claim 14; and The impeller is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor.

16. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: vehicle body; and The water pump according to claim 15, mounted in the vehicle body.

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