An ecological assembled spur dam and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological assembled groin and a construction method thereof, which are used to be arranged in waters of an anti-scouring bank. The ecological assembled groin comprises a plurality of dam body units arranged in rows, and there is a spacing between the dam body units. The dam body units comprise a pile shaft inserted in the bottom of the waters, and a sleeve device sleeved on the pile shaft. The sleeve device comprises a sleeve frame, a wall panel, a top plate and a middle plate. The sleeve frame is sleeved on the pile shaft, and the wall panel is vertically fixedly mounted on the sleeve frame. The wall panels are multiple and are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the sleeve frame. The wall panel comprises a bamboo raft, a grid surrounded outside the bamboo raft, and a filler with an adsorption function filled in a cavity inside the bamboo raft. The top plate is fixed to the top of the sleeve device, and amphibious aquatic plants are planted on the top plate. The middle plate is fixed to the middle of the sleeve device, and submerged plants are planted on the middle plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water conservancy protection, and in particular to an ecological assembled groin and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Since the Yangtze River Estuary is affected by multiple factors such as the bidirectional dynamics of rising and falling tides, the Coriolis force, and wind and waves, the local beaches of the Yangtze River Estuary are severely eroded and the mud and sand loss of the beaches is relatively serious. In order to ensure the safety of people's lives and property, maintain the stability of the waterway and coastline, and protect the beach resources of the Yangtze River Estuary and the sustainable development of the water and soil resources of the Yangtze River Estuary, it is necessary to build a beach protection and bank protection project.

[0003] At present, spur dikes are the main constructions for channel management, dikes and beach scouring prevention projects at the Yangtze River Estuary. There are single spur dikes and spur dike groups. According to incomplete statistics, there are tens of thousands of spur dikes at the Yangtze River Estuary, and the number is increasing every year. Spur dikes lie across the river, protecting the beach from scouring and keeping the channel open.

[0004] The commonly used spur dikes are riprap spur dikes, which are all thrown and piled, with surface masonry, poor integrity and weak anti-scouring ability; they fall to the ground under the impact of waves, reducing the effect of diverting flow and eliminating waves. Secondly, the spur dike stones thrown after low tide will seriously affect the coastal landscape environment. At the same time, the water bodies on both sides of the spur dike cannot be effectively exchanged, which leads to the deterioration of the water body and brings new ecological and environmental problems. The riprap spur dike lies across the river surface to protect the beach and prevent scouring. Because it is extremely susceptible to water erosion, the spur dike is often damaged and requires a lot of maintenance every year. After the riprap spur dike is built, due to its impermeability, the flow pattern at the dam head is complex and the water flow is turbulent. The riverbed is in a scouring state, and the bottom of the beach is unstable, which affects the survival of the spur dike and surrounding benthic animals.

[0005] Riprap spur dams require stones, which need to be purchased from other places. Mining not only damages the environment, but also has high costs. Riprap spur dams have a single function and do not have ecological functions. In the soft soil foundation of the Yangtze River estuary, the bearing capacity of the foundation is weak, the weight of the riprap increases, the riprap is more likely to flow and sink, and the stability is poor. Secondly, affected by strong winds and waves, the riprap far offshore cannot be put in place, the construction is more difficult, and the amount of work and the cost cannot be controlled. In short, the riprap spur dam has the disadvantages of being unsuitable for soft foundations, big waves, huge engineering volume, high construction intensity, and lack of stone sources, and there are serious technical deficiencies. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ecological assembled spur dike and a construction method thereof, which is assembled, has a simple structure, is easy to install and has low cost. It not only plays the role of diverting flow, preventing erosion and protecting the beach, and providing a habitat for aquatic animals such as fish, but also has the functions of water purification and beautification, integrating the functions of spur dike, reef body, water purification and the like.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an ecological assembled groin for installation in a water area, comprising a plurality of dam body units arranged in rows, and each dam body unit has a certain spacing therebetween, the dam body unit comprises a pile shaft driven into the bottom foundation of the water area, and a sleeve device sleeved on the pile shaft, the sleeve device comprises a sleeve frame, a wall panel, a top plate and a middle plate, the sleeve frame is sleeved on the pile shaft, the wall panel is vertically fixedly mounted on the sleeve frame, the wall panel is multiple and distributed at intervals along the circumference of the sleeve frame, the wall panel comprises a bamboo raft, a grid surrounded by the bamboo raft, and a filler with an adsorption function filled in the cavity of the bamboo raft, the top plate is fixed to the top of the sleeve device, and amphibious aquatic plants are planted on the top plate, the middle plate is fixed to the middle of the sleeve device, and submerged plants are planted on the middle plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the sleeve frame includes a cylindrical structure and a chassis fixedly installed at the lower end of the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure includes a horizontal hoop and a plurality of vertical grooves arranged along the outer circumference of the horizontal hoop and fixed on the horizontal hoop, the lower end of the vertical groove passes through the chassis, the inner side of the wall panel is inserted in the vertical groove, and the lower end is fixed on the chassis, and the chassis is used to press on the foundation at the bottom of the water area

[0009] Furthermore, a support plate is fixed at the lower end of the vertical slot, the chassis is placed on the support plate, and the sleeve frame also includes a pull rod, the lower end of the pull rod is connected to the chassis, and the upper end is connected to the vertical slot.

[0010] Furthermore, the top plate is installed on the upper end of the wall panel, and the top plate is provided with multiple groups of insertion holes along both sides of the wall panel, and also includes a U-shaped insertion card that passes through the insertion holes to hinge the top plate and the wall panel.

[0011] Furthermore, the middle plate is an annular plate with an inner through hole, the middle plate is installed on the wall panels, and all the wall panels are located in the inner through hole of the middle plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the wall panels in the sleeve device are arranged equidistantly and radially.

[0013] Furthermore, a grid is arranged on the upper end of the wall panel in the sleeve device but no bamboo raft is arranged, so as to form an open channel for filler.

[0014] Furthermore, the filler includes coal slag and / or vermiculite.

[0015] Furthermore, the filler is packed in bags, and the bags are made of water-permeable material.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for constructing the above-mentioned ecological assembled groin, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. According to the design dimensions, the corresponding parts of the sleeve device are processed in a standardized manner in the factory; the assembly of the cylindrical structure is completed in the factory;

[0018] S2. Transport the cylindrical structure, chassis, wall panels, top plate, middle plate and other components to the site where the ecological prefabricated groyne needs to be installed; and complete the assembly of the sleeve frame on site;

[0019] S3, transporting the pile shaft to the site, sinking the pile shaft at the specified position, and obtaining the pile shafts arranged in rows and at intervals in the water area;

[0020] S4. On board or on shore, assemble the sleeve frame, the wall panel, the top plate and the middle plate, plant amphibious aquatic plants on the top plate, and plant submerged plants on the middle plate to form a single sleeve device;

[0021] S5. Use lifting equipment to hoist the sleeve device as a whole and sleeve it on the pile shaft, and sink it to the foundation at the bottom of the water area to obtain a single dam unit;

[0022] S6. Repeat step S5 to complete the installation of all dam body units to obtain an ecological assembled spur dam.

[0023] As described above, the ecological assembled spur dam and the construction method thereof according to the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] By setting up multiple dam units consisting of pile shafts and sleeve devices, the ecological prefabricated spur dam has the following functions: (a) As a spur dam, the wall panels in the sleeve device are similar to wave-breaking fences and wave-breaking rows, which can reduce waves and ensure the stability of the spur dam. On the one hand, it can control and divert the river flow; on the other hand, due to its permeability, it can slow down the flow rate of the water flowing through the dam, which has the functions of diverting the flow and preventing erosion and protecting the beach; (b) The wall panels have bamboo rafts and fillers. The bamboo rafts can provide space for microorganisms to attach, grow and reproduce. The increased number of microorganisms can further promote the degradation of pollutants in the water, forming a virtuous cycle and protecting the environment; the fillers provide a habitat for smaller animals in the water and have the function of purifying water quality, so that the sleeve device plays an important ecological function of "artificial reef"; (c) Amphibole aquatic plants and submerged plants are planted on the top plate and the middle plate respectively, which can not only add beauty to the Yangtze River estuary, but also purify water quality, killing two birds with one stone. The ecological assembled spur dam of the present invention has a simple structure and is light in weight. It is suitable for soft soil foundations and adopts an assembled structure, which is convenient for maintenance, replacement and installation. It not only plays the role of diverting flow, preventing erosion and protecting the beach, and providing a habitat for aquatic animals such as fish, but also has the functions of water purification and beautification, integrating the multiple functions of spur dam, reef body, water purification and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of four arrangements of the ecological assembled spur dike of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ecological assembled spur dike of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view in.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 2 BB section view in.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cylindrical structure in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a plan view of the cylindrical structure in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a plan view of the chassis in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the sleeve frame assembly in the present invention.

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the wall panel in the present invention.

[0034] Fig.10 It is a plan view of the top plate in the present invention.

[0035] Fig.11 This is the plan view of the middle plate in the present invention.

[0036] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the sleeve device in the present invention.

[0037] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the sleeve device and the pile shaft in the present invention.

[0038] Component number description

[0039] 1 Pile shaft

[0040] 2 Sleeve device

[0041] 21 socket rack

[0042] 211 Vertical slot

[0043] 212 Horizontal Hoop

[0044] 213 Support plate

[0045] 214 Chassis

[0046] 214a Water hole

[0047] 214b Insertion hole

[0048] 214c Wall panel socket

[0049] 215 tie rod

[0050] 216 Rings

[0051] 217 Sling

[0052] 22 Wall Panel

[0053] 221 Grid

[0054] 222 Bamboo Raft

[0055] 223 Filler

[0056] 23 Top Plate

[0057] 23a Water hole

[0058] 23b Socket

[0059] 24 Middle

[0060] 24a Water hole

[0061] 25 Aquatic plants

[0062] 26 Submerged plants

[0063] 3. Connecting roads and bridges

[0064] 4. Shore DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0066] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. drawn in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and so on quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0067] See also Figures 1 to 13The present invention provides an ecological assembled spur dam, which is used to be set in a water area, and includes a plurality of dam body units arranged in a row, and there is a spacing between the dam body units, the dam body unit includes a pile shaft 1 driven into the bottom foundation of the water area, and a sleeve device 2 sleeved on the pile shaft 1, the sleeve device 2 includes a sleeve frame 21, a wall panel 22, a top plate 23 and a middle plate 24, the sleeve frame 21 is sleeved on the pile shaft 1, the wall panel 22 is vertically fixedly installed on the sleeve frame 21, and the wall panel 22 is a plurality of The wall panels 22 are preferably arranged radially along the sleeve frame 21, and the wall panels 22 include a bamboo raft 222, a grid 221 surrounded by the bamboo raft 222, and a filler 223 with an adsorption function filled in the cavity of the bamboo raft 222. The top plate 23 is fixed to the top of the sleeve device 2, and amphibious aquatic plants 25 are planted on the top plate 23. The middle plate 24 is fixed to the middle of the sleeve device 2, and submerged plants 26 are planted on the middle plate 24.

[0068] In the present invention, the arrangement direction of the dam body units is set as required. For example, in a river channel, see Figure 1 The dam body units are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the water flow, extending outward from a bank 4. The dam body units in the ecological prefabricated spur dam can be arranged in multiple rows, for example, in parallel in two rows, see Figure 1 (A), or double row staggered arrangement, see Figure 1 (B) The dam body unit can also be a single row, and can be arranged in a single row in a straight line, see Figure 1 (C), or a single row of curved arrangements, see Figure 1 (D). In actual construction, the size and quantity of the sleeve device 2 are designed and the layout is determined according to the required length of the spur dike. The height of the sleeve device 2 should be determined according to the water level and the elevation of the beach at the bottom of the water area. The height of the sleeve device 2 can be different, and the base elevation can be different. For example, the base can be formed into a step shape according to the slope of the beach at the bottom of the water area. The height of the sleeve device 2 at the edge close to the shore 4 should not be less than 1.0m.

[0069] The basic working principle of the ecological assembled spur dam involved in the present invention is: when in use, the ecological assembled spur dam is built in the water area near the shore 4, the pile shaft 1 is first inserted into the bottom of the water area as needed, and then the sleeve device 2 is put on. It is easy to build, and the main function of the pile shaft 1 is to locate and bear part of the horizontal load of the sleeve device 2. The ecological assembled spur dam has the following functions: (a) The dam body units are arranged at a certain interval to form a spur dam. The wall panels 22 in the sleeve device 2 are similar to wave-breaking fences and wave-breaking rows, which can reduce waves, create a local calm environment, alleviate the impact of water flow, wind and waves on the spur dam, and ensure the stability of the spur dam. The sleeve devices 2 and the sleeve device 2 themselves are both permeable. On the one hand, they can control and guide the river flow. On the other hand, due to the permeability of the dam body, the flow rate of the water flowing through the dam can be slowed down, so that the silt settles behind the dam, and the silt is purposefully deposited to form a beach, which has the functions of diverting flow, preventing erosion and protecting the beach; (b) The wall panels 22 have bamboo rafts 222 and fillers 223. The bamboo rafts 222 are biofilm carriers made of bamboo fiber as raw materials. The effect of water treatment is relatively stable and has a significant effect on improving the water purification capacity. The bamboo sheet surface The microorganisms attached to the surface have high phospholipid content and dehydrogenase activity, which can provide space for the attachment, growth and reproduction of microorganisms. The increased microorganisms can further promote the degradation of pollutants in the water, forming a virtuous cycle and being environmentally friendly. The filler 223 is filled in the cavity formed by the grid 221 and the bamboo raft 222. Its function is to construct a wall with gaps, provide a habitat for smaller animals in the water, and adsorb impurities in the water, with a water purification function, so that the sleeve device 2 can be used as a three-dimensional fish reef, providing a habitat for fish and aquatic animals, and playing an important ecological function of an "artificial reef". (c) By setting a top plate 23 and a middle plate 24, and planting amphibious aquatic plants 25 and submerged plants 26 thereon respectively, it can not only add beauty to the Yangtze River Estuary, but also purify the water quality, killing two birds with one stone.

[0070] The ecological assembled spur dam of the present invention has a simple structure and is light in weight. It is suitable for soft soil foundations and adopts an assembled structure, which is convenient for maintenance, replacement and installation. It not only plays the role of spur dam in diverting flow, preventing erosion and protecting the beach, but also provides a habitat for aquatic animals such as fish. It also has the functions of water purification and beautification, integrating the functions of spur dam, reef body and water purification.

[0071] See also Figures 1 to 13 The following is a specific example to further illustrate the ecological assembled spur dike of the present invention:

[0072] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 The dam units are arranged in rows on the shore 4 that needs to be protected from scouring, and the net distance between adjacent sleeve devices 2 is preferably greater than 200 mm to form air permeability. The first sleeve device 2 near the shore 4 has a connecting bridge 3 with the shore 4 to play a connecting role. The connecting bridge 3 can be made of bagged coal slag.

[0073] In this embodiment, the pile shaft 1 is a conventional circular precast concrete pile, the diameter and length of which are determined by calculation of required strength and stability, and its main function is to locate and bear part of the horizontal load of the sleeve device 2 .

[0074] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As a preferred design, the sleeve frame 21 includes a cylindrical structure and a chassis 214 fixedly installed at the lower end of the cylindrical structure. The cylindrical structure includes a horizontal hoop 212 and a plurality of vertical slots 211 arranged along the outer circumference of the horizontal hoop 212 and fixed on the horizontal hoop 212. The lower end of the vertical slot 211 passes through the chassis 214. The inner side of the wall panel 22 is inserted into the vertical slot 211 and the lower end is fixed on the chassis 214. When building, the chassis 214 is pressed on the foundation at the bottom of the water area. Specifically, a plurality of horizontal hoops 212 are provided as needed, arranged in the up-down direction and kept coaxial. A horizontal hoop 212 is provided at the top and bottom of the vertical slot 211, and multiple horizontal hoops 212 are arranged at equal intervals in the middle. The vertical slots 211 are preferably evenly arranged along the circumference of the horizontal hoop 212 and are consolidated with each horizontal hoop 212, so as to form a cylindrical structure with a cylindrical space. In the sleeve frame 21 of this embodiment, the vertical slot 211 is the main load-bearing member, the inner width of the vertical slot 211 should be sufficient for the wallboard 22 to be inserted, the depth of the vertical slot 211 (the part clamping the wallboard 22) should be greater than the thickness of the wallboard 22, the lower end of the vertical slot 211 passes through the bottom plate 214, and the upper end passes through the top plate 23. The horizontal hoop 212 is made of steel, and its size is determined according to the required strength calculation. Its inner diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the pile shaft 1, so as to be able to move vertically along the pile shaft 1.

[0075] In this embodiment, further, see Figure 5 and Figure 8 A support plate 213 is provided at the lower end of the vertical slot 211. The support plate 213 can be hinged in the notch of the vertical slot 211 and is installed in a rotatable manner. It is folded before assembly and hidden in the notch. During assembly, the support plate 213 is rotated to open it to be perpendicular to the vertical slot 211, and then the chassis 214 is placed on the support plate 213. The sleeve frame 21 also includes a pull rod 215, and hooks are provided at both ends of the pull rod 215. The lower end of the pull rod 215 is connected to the hook ring outside the wall panel plug-in slot 214c at the edge of the chassis 214 through the pull hook, and the upper end is connected to the hook ring provided at the outer edge of the vertical slot 211 through the pull hook, which plays an oblique supporting role for the chassis 214. Preferably, there are multiple pull rods 215, and they are evenly arranged around the axis of the cylindrical structure.

[0076] In this embodiment, see Figure 7 and Figure 8The chassis 214 is provided with a plurality of insertion holes 214b at the middle position for the lower end of the vertical slot 211 to pass through, so that the chassis 214 and the cylindrical structure are limited in the circumferential and radial directions. As a preferred design, a plurality of wall panel plug-in grooves 214c are provided at the edge of the upper end surface of the chassis 214. When the wall panel 22 is installed on the sleeve frame 21, its lower end is inserted into the wall panel plug-in groove 214c to fix the wall panel 22. The chassis 214 is also provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes 214a to reduce buoyancy and facilitate mutual communication of water bodies. The chassis 214 is the main force-bearing component and can be made of high-strength plastic. No less than two annular beams can be provided on the bottom surface of the chassis 214. When the load is large, radial beams can be provided to facilitate bearing the load on the chassis 214. When the sleeve device 2 is hoisted, the load of the wall panel 22 is transferred to the chassis 214, which is then transferred to the tie rod 215 and the support plate 213, and then transferred to the sleeve frame 21 by the tie rod 215 and the support plate 213. When the sleeve device 2 is sleeved on the pile shaft 1 and directly falls to the bottom beach of the water area, the chassis 214 is pressed on the foundation at the bottom of the water area, and most of the load of the chassis 214 is directly transferred to the foundation.

[0077] In this embodiment, see Figure 5 and Figure 8 Furthermore, the sleeve frame 21 also includes a lifting ring 216 and a sling 217. The lifting ring 216 is connected to the top of the vertical slot 211 through the sling 217. There are no less than three slings 217, which are evenly arranged. The lifting ring 216 is used to lift and build the sleeve frame 21 and the sleeve device 2 assembled with the wall panel 22.

[0078] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Fig.10 As a preferred design, the top plate 23 is installed on the upper end of the wall panel 22. The top plate 23 can be made of high-strength plastic. A plurality of plug holes 23b are provided on both sides of the wall panel 22 in the top plate 23, and a U-shaped plug-in card (not shown in the drawings) is provided to hinge the top plate 23 and the wall panel 22 through the plug-in holes 23b. The top plate 23 can also be fixed on the sleeve frame 21 for further fixation. When the wall panel 22 is installed, the U-shaped plug-in card is inserted from the plug-in hole 23b of the top plate 23 and inserted into both sides of the wall panel 22 to form a constraint on the top of the wall panel 22. Preferably, water-permeable holes 23a are evenly arranged on the top plate 23 to reduce buoyancy and facilitate drainage. The top plate 23 forms a terrace, on which amphibious aquatic plants 25 are planted. When the water surface is lower than the planting plate, the amphibious aquatic plants 25 are exposed on the water surface, which can increase the overall landscape effect. When the water surface overflows the top plate 23, the amphibious aquatic plants 25 can still grow.

[0079] In this embodiment, see Fig.11 and Fig.12The middle plate 24 is an annular plate with an inner through hole, which can be made of high-strength plastic. The middle plate 24 is mounted in the middle position of the wall panel group and placed on the wall panel 22. The middle plate 24 and the top plate 23 form a two-step structure. All wall panels 22 are located in the inner through hole of the middle plate 24 and pass through the inner through hole. In this way, the middle plate 24 can simultaneously limit the radial position of the wall panel 22 to prevent the wall panel 22 from falling out of the vertical groove 211. Water-permeable holes 24a are also evenly arranged on the middle plate 24 to reduce buoyancy and facilitate drainage.

[0080] In this embodiment, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 As a preferred design, the wall panels 22 in the sleeve device 2 are arranged equidistantly around the central axis of the cylindrical structure and are arranged radially, that is, the length direction of the wall panels 22 is along the radial direction of the cylindrical structure, so that the structure of the entire sleeve device 2 is more uniform and stable. The wall panels 22 are upright and evenly distributed in the sleeve device 2, similar to wave-breaking fences and wave-breaking rows, which can reduce waves, create a local calm environment, alleviate the impact of water flow, wind and waves on the groin, and ensure the stability of the groin.

[0081] In this embodiment, see Fig. 9 The wall panel 22 is a sandwich panel, which is composed of a grid 221, a bamboo raft 222 and a filler 223. The grid 221 and the bamboo raft 222 form a supporting outer wall, and the filler 223 is filled in the cavity of the grid 221 and the bamboo raft 222. The thickness of the wall panel 22 should be greater than 300 mm, but not too large, so that the wall panels 22 are spaced apart, the void ratio is large, and it is not easy to be blocked. When flow is required, holes can also be reserved on the wall panel 22. When the required height of the wall panel 22 is not large, the wall panel 22 can be a stepped whole board, see 9 and Fig.12 When the wall height is relatively large, the wall panel 22 can be assembled from two parts, the upper and lower parts. In this embodiment, preferably, two holes are symmetrically arranged at the top of the wall panel 22 for hooking. The wall panel 22 can be reinforced according to the strength requirements. The top of the wall panel 22 is open, that is, a grid 221 is arranged, but a bamboo raft 222 is not arranged, forming an open channel for the filler 223, so as to facilitate the loading of the filler 223. The bottom and side of the wall panel 22 are closed, that is, a grid 221 and a bamboo raft 222 are arranged.

[0082] In this embodiment, the grid 221 can be made of galvanized steel bars, the diameter of which is determined by the strength requirement, and the mesh size is generally greater than about 300 mm. The grids 221 have the same size and shape and the same installation method, which facilitates standardized production and installation.

[0083] In this embodiment, the bamboo raft 222 is a bamboo woven mesh structure, wherein the mesh can be large or small. The bamboo raft 222 can generally adopt a conventional bamboo raft 222, and the bamboo raft 222 is tied to the grid 221 by iron wire, and the two are interdependent. Generally, each bamboo raft 222 has 2 to 5 tying points. The bamboo raft 222 is made of natural ecological materials, has biological affinity, a rough surface, and a large specific surface area. my country is rich in bamboo resources, and bamboo has the advantages of low cost, reproducibility, low environmental pollution, and self-degradability. At present, the new bamboo fiber biofilm carrier prepared from bamboo fiber as raw material has a relatively stable effect on water treatment. During manufacturing, the bamboo tube is split into pieces, woven into a mesh and placed vertically in the grid of the biological wall for easy manufacturing. Relevant tests show that the bamboo raft 222 has a COD removal rate of 74%, a NO3-N removal rate of 95%, and a TP removal rate of 37%, which has a significant effect on improving the water purification capacity. The microorganisms attached to the surface of the bamboo pieces have high phospholipid content and dehydrogenase activity, which can provide space for the attachment, growth and reproduction of microorganisms and continuously promote the degradation of pollutants in the water. Bamboo raft 222 can not only degrade harmful substances in the water, but also provide space for the attachment, growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the water. The increased number of microorganisms can further promote the degradation of pollutants in the water, forming a virtuous cycle and ecological and environmental protection.

[0084] In the present embodiment, the filler 223 can be preferably coal slag, or other similar materials with adsorption function such as vermiculite, which can be selected according to needs. The filler 223 can be made of coal slag, or it can be a layered arrangement of multiple materials. Coal slag is a porous material, and its structure is enlarged, has honeycomb pores, is insoluble in water, and can be used as an adsorbent material after screening and washing. It can filter out granular materials visible to the naked eye, and it has a good separation effect on odor, suspended matter and color-developing substances in water, and is a cheap adsorbent material. Preferably, the filler 223 is bagged, such as coal slag bagged to form a coal slag bag, which is filled in the cavity formed by the grid 221 and the bamboo raft 222, and its function is to construct a wall with gaps, provide a habitat for smaller animals in the water, and purify water quality. The bag used to store the adsorbent coal slag is a permeable material, and a geotextile can be used, and its mesh should be smaller than the particle size of the coal slag. Bags are used to facilitate construction and replacement, and the size of the bag is suitable for one person to move after loading. When it needs to be repaired or replaced, a single bag body is lifted and the bag is pulled out of the empty box of the wall panel 22 from the grid 221 of the wall panel 22 opening, and then the repair or replacement can be carried out. The filler 223 is used for water purification. The comprehensive utilization of coal slag greatly reduces the amount of solid waste generated, saves the floor space occupied by solid waste, and avoids many pollution problems caused by it. The large-scale utilization of coal slag and waste utilization not only saves resources and energy, but also creates economic value. The wall panel 22 has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and can be reused by replacing the filler 223.

[0085] The sleeve device 2 in this embodiment can be standardized, has a simple structure, is easy to install, and can be assembled by components. The dam body units are independent of each other, and the sleeve device 2 can be mounted on the pile shaft 1. The sleeve devices 2 are independent of each other, light in weight, suitable for soft soil foundations, and will not be affected by uneven settlement. They can effectively control the scouring of the riverbed around the structure and adapt to changes in the surrounding terrain. The sleeve device 2 has a good treatment effect, low cost, no secondary pollution, and is easy to maintain and update. It has excellent development prospects in the management and protection of water ecology.

[0086] The present invention also provides a method for constructing the above-mentioned ecological assembled groin, comprising the following steps:

[0087] S1. According to the design size, the corresponding parts of the sleeve device 2 are standardized in the factory; the cylindrical structure is assembled in the factory. Specifically, the parts standardized in the factory include the vertical slot 211, the horizontal hoop 212, the pull rod 215, the support plate 213, the lifting ring 216, the sling 217, the bottom plate 214, the top plate 23, the middle plate 24 and the wall plate 22; then the vertical slot 211, the horizontal hoop 212 and the support plate 213 are assembled into a cylindrical structure in the factory, and the sling 217 is installed on the cylindrical structure.

[0088] S2. Transport the cylindrical structure, chassis 214, wall panels 22, top plate 23, middle plate 24 and other components to the site where the ecological prefabricated groin needs to be installed. Separate them for easy transportation; and assemble the cylindrical structure, chassis 214 and pull rods 215 on site to complete the assembly of the sleeve frame 21.

[0089] S3, transporting the pile shaft 1 to the site, sinking the pile shaft 1 at the specified position, and obtaining the pile shafts 1 arranged in rows and at intervals in the water area.

[0090] S4. On board or on shore, assemble the sleeve frame 21, the wall panel 22, the top plate 23 and the middle plate 24, plant the amphibious aquatic plants 25 on the top plate 23, and plant the submerged plants 26 on the middle plate 24, to obtain a single sleeve device 2.

[0091] S5. Use lifting equipment to lift the sleeve device 2 as a whole and sleeve it on the pile shaft 1, and sink it to the bottom foundation of the water area to obtain a single dam body unit.

[0092] S6. Repeat step S5 to complete the installation of all dam body units to obtain an ecological assembled spur dam.

[0093] The above method is used to construct the ecological assembled groin, and the ecological assembled groin is manufactured by standardizing parts in the factory, transported in blocks, assembled on site by the sleeve device 2, piled by the pile shaft 1, and hoisted and installed by the sleeve device 2 as a whole. The transportation and construction operations are convenient and the work efficiency is high. When the ecological assembled groin needs to be replaced or repaired, the sleeve device 2 can be hoisted as a whole, the U-shaped card can be taken out, and then the top plate 23 and the middle plate 24 can be lifted, and the bamboo raft 222, the cinder bag, etc. can be replaced.

[0094] The ecological assembled groin and its construction method of the present invention can be applied to various waters, especially to the Yangtze River Estuary, and provide a technical solution for the protection of the Yangtze River Estuary's mudflats, waterways, and dikes. The present invention has the advantages of obvious long-term benefits, the filler 223 in the ecological wallboard 22 of the sleeve device 2 can be recycled, maintenance and replacement are convenient, the cost is not high, no energy consumption is generated during operation, not only can it absorb and reduce pollution and absorb harmful substances in the water body, but also can purify the water body for a long time, and can maintain the diversity of the organisms in the Yangtze River Estuary.

[0095] In summary, the invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0096] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological assembled spur dike, used for installation in waters near the shore for scouring prevention, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of dam body units arranged in a row, and the dam body units are spaced apart from each other. The dam body units comprise a pile shaft (1) driven into a foundation at the bottom of a water area, and a sleeve device (2) sleeved on the pile shaft (1). The sleeve device (2) comprises a sleeve frame (21), a wall panel (22), a top plate (23), and a middle plate (24). The sleeve frame (21) is sleeved on the pile shaft (1). The wall panel (22) is vertically fixedly mounted on the sleeve frame (21). The wall panels (22) are multiple and are spaced apart along the circumference of the sleeve frame (21). The wall panels (22) comprise a bamboo raft (222), a grid (23) surrounding the bamboo raft (222), and a plurality of mesh panels (23) arranged on the top plate (23). 221), and a filler (223) with an adsorption function filled in the cavity of the bamboo raft (222), the top plate (23) being fixed to the top of the sleeve device (2), and amphibious aquatic plants (25) being planted on the top plate (23), the middle plate (24) being fixed to the middle of the sleeve device (2), and submerged plants (26) being planted on the middle plate (24); the sleeve frame (21) comprising a cylindrical structure, and a bottom plate (214) fixedly mounted at the lower end of the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure comprising a horizontal hoop (212), and a plurality of vertical grooves (211) arranged along the outer periphery of the horizontal hoop (212) and fixed on the horizontal hoop (212), The lower end of the vertical slot (211) passes through the chassis (214); the inner side of the wall panel (22) is inserted into the vertical slot (211) and the lower end is fixed on the chassis (214); the chassis (214) is used to press on the bottom foundation of the water area; a support plate (213) is provided at the lower end of the vertical slot (211); the support plate (213) can be hinged in the notch of the vertical slot (211); the support plate (213) is folded before assembly and hidden in the notch; during assembly, the support plate (213) is rotated to open to be perpendicular to the vertical slot (211); the chassis (214) is placed on the support plate (213); the sleeve frame (21) also includes a pull rod (2 15), the lower end of the pull rod (215) is connected to the bottom plate (214), and the upper end is connected to the vertical slot (211); the bottom plate (214) is provided with a plurality of insertion holes (214b) at the middle position for the lower end of the vertical slot (211) to pass through; the edge of the upper end surface of the bottom plate (214) is also provided with a plurality of wall panel insertion grooves (214c), and when the wall panel (22) is installed on the sleeve frame (21), its lower end is inserted into the wall panel insertion groove (214c); the bottom plate (214) is also provided with a plurality of water permeable holes (214a); the top plate (23) is installed on the upper end of the wall panel (22), and the top plate (23) is inserted into the wall panel (22). A plurality of plug holes (23b) are provided on both sides, and a U-shaped plug-in card is provided to pass through the plug holes (23b) to hinge the top plate (23) and the wall plate (22); the top plate (23) is also fixed on the sleeve frame (21); the middle plate (24) is an annular plate with an inner through hole, the middle plate (24) is installed on the wall plate (22), and all the wall plates (22) are located in the inner through hole of the middle plate (24);The wall panels (22) in the sleeve device (2) are arranged at equal intervals and in a radial pattern. ; 2. The ecological assembled spur dike according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper end of the wall panel (22) in the sleeve device (2) is provided with a grid (221) but no bamboo raft (222) is provided, forming an open channel for filler (223).

3. The ecological assembled groin according to claim 1 is characterized by: The filler (223) includes coal slag and / or vermiculite.

4. The ecological assembled groyne according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler (223) is packed in bags, and the bags are made of water-permeable material.

5. A method for constructing the ecological assembled spur dike according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Process the corresponding parts of the sleeve device (2) in a standardized manner in the factory according to the designed dimensions; Complete the assembly of the cylindrical structure in the factory; S2, transporting the cylindrical structure, the bottom plate (214), the wall panels (22), the top plate (23), the middle plate (24) and the corresponding parts to the site where the ecological assembled groyne needs to be installed; and completing the assembly of the sleeve frame (21) on site; S3, transporting the pile shaft (1) to the site, sinking the pile shaft (1) at a specified position, and obtaining pile shafts (1) arranged in rows and at intervals in the water area; S4, on board or on shore, assembling the sleeve frame (21), the wall panel (22), the top plate (23) and the middle plate (24), planting amphibious aquatic plants (25) on the top plate (23) and planting submerged plants (26) on the middle plate (24), to obtain a single sleeve device (2); S5. Using lifting equipment, hoist the sleeve device (2) as a whole, sleeve it onto the pile shaft (1), and sink it to the bottom foundation of the water area to obtain a single dam unit; S6. Repeat step S5 to complete the installation of all dam body units to obtain an ecological assembled spur dam.

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