Disturbing flow coal loading method and disturbing flow coal loading roller

Abstract

The present invention relates to a turbulent coal loading method and a turbulent coal loading drum. The method comprises disposing circumferential and radial turbulent elements at the outlet of a coal flow channel on a coal mining machine drum. The circumferential turbulent elements are used to change the tangential outward movement of the coal flow along the spiral blades into a movement trend that is deflected axially and rearwardly of the drum. The radial turbulent elements are used to change the radial outward movement of the coal flow into a movement trend that is deflected radially inwardly and axially and rearwardly of the drum. The drum comprises a drum body, spiral blades, circumferential and radial turbulent elements. The spiral blades are wrapped around and fixed to the outer cylindrical surface of the drum body. An open trough-shaped coal flow channel is formed radially outward of the drum body and between two adjacent spiral blades. The circumferential and radial turbulent elements are fixed at the outlet of the coal flow channel. The present invention improves the coal flow filling degree at the tail of the spiral blades by changing the slip path of the coal flow, thereby improving the coal loading rate of the coal mining machine drum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for improving the coal loading rate of a drum and a coal mining machine drum. Background Art

[0002] With increasing domestic coal demand and a decrease in high-quality coal resources in mining areas, the development of thin coal seams has received increasing attention. Thin coal seams account for approximately 20% of total reserves and hold significant strategic energy significance. Due to the smaller thickness of thin coal seams (between 0.8 and 1.3 meters), the diameter of the shearer drum used in thin seam mining is typically smaller than that of shearers in medium- and thicker seams. The blades on the drum are also narrower, resulting in a low drum loading rate, which in turn affects overall machine productivity. Furthermore, compared to drums with larger diameters, the loading capacity of thin seam drums is significantly lower due to internal and external constraints. This low loading rate leads to a large accumulation of loose coal on the floor. Because the support forces in thin seam working faces are weak, excessive amounts of loose coal prevent the support from sliding into place, limiting the shearer's cutting depth and, in turn, mining efficiency. Therefore, improving the drum loading rate is a pressing issue for thin seam shearers.

[0003] The traditional method of increasing the drum coal loading rate is mainly to improve the loading rate by fine-tuning parameters such as the number of blades, helix angle, blade depth, coal loading port size, and drum speed. In essence, the use of this type of method is still to increase the axial force of the blades on the coal and reduce the radial force on the coal to achieve the purpose of improving the drum loading effect. However, the quality of mined coal is diverse, which leads to lag in optimization and it is difficult to have a unified optimization standard. Therefore, the research of this type of method has limitations and lags, and it is difficult to continue to increase the coal loading rate after it is optimized to a certain level through this type of method. The reason is that a small amount of floating coal is relatively loose, has a low filling degree, and cannot be effectively thrown out. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a turbulent flow coal loading method and a turbulent flow coal loading drum, which can improve the coal loading rate of a coal mining machine drum by changing the slip path of the coal flow.

[0005] The main technical solutions of the present invention are:

[0006] A turbulent flow coal loading method comprises arranging circumferential turbulent flow elements and radial turbulent flow elements at the outlet of the coal flow channel on the drum of a coal mining machine. The circumferential turbulent flow elements are used to change the tangential outward movement trend of the coal flow along the lateral surface of the spiral blade into a movement trend deflected axially to the rear of the drum. The radial turbulent flow elements are used to change the radial outward movement trend of the coal flow into a movement trend deflected radially inwardly and axially to the rear of the drum.

[0007] The circumferential spoiler element and the radial spoiler element are both fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the coal mining machine drum.

[0008] The circumferential spoiler element and the radial spoiler element are both located at the rear end portion of the spiral blade of the coal mining machine drum and overhang rearward relative to the corresponding spiral blade.

[0009] A circumferential flow-turbulating element and a radial flow-turbulating element are correspondingly provided at the rear end of each spiral blade.

[0010] The circumferential spoiler and the radial spoiler are preferably made of the same material as the spiral blades and fixed by welding.

[0011] The main bodies of the circumferential spoiler elements and the radial spoiler elements are preferably plate-shaped structures.

[0012] A turbulent coal-loading drum comprises a drum body, spiral blades, circumferential turbulent elements and radial turbulent elements, the spiral blades being wrapped around and fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the drum body, and an open trough-shaped coal flow channel being formed on the radial outer side of the drum body and between two adjacent spiral blades, the rear end of the coal flow channel being the outlet of the corresponding coal flow channel, the circumferential turbulent elements and the radial turbulent elements being fixed at the outlet of the coal flow channel, the setting direction of the circumferential turbulent elements being to change the tangential outward movement trend of the coal flow along the side elevation of the spiral blades into the direction of the movement trend deflected axially rearward of the drum, and the setting direction of the radial turbulent elements being to change the radial outward movement trend of the coal flow into the direction of the movement trend deflected radially inward and axially rearward of the drum.

[0013] The main bodies of the circumferential spoiler element and the radial spoiler element are both plate-like structures. The main body of the radial spoiler element is preferably an arc-shaped plate, which is arranged at the arc-shaped top edge of the corresponding spiral blade and adapts to the arc of the top edge of the spiral blade, and the radial spoiler element overhangs rearward relative to the corresponding spiral blade.

[0014] The circumferential spoiler is arranged at the edge of the rear end of the corresponding spiral blade and extends in the radial direction of the drum body. The plate surface of the circumferential spoiler is a plane and forms an obtuse angle with the tangent plane of the side elevation of the corresponding spiral blade; or, the plate surface of the circumferential spoiler is a concave curved surface.

[0015] A circumferential flow disturbing element and a radial flow disturbing element are correspondingly provided at the outlet of each coal flow channel.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The implementation of the present invention can significantly improve the coal loading rate of the drum, and in some mines the coal loading rate can be achieved to be above 95%.

[0018] The implementation of the present invention can solve the problem of high floating coal in the automated working face of thin coal seams and the inability to implement the automated process normally, thereby promoting the advancement of automated and intelligent working faces.

[0019] The implementation of the present invention can reduce the problems of repeated loading and secondary crushing of coal blocks, increase the lump coal rate, increase the selling price of coal, and increase the income of the mine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a turbulent coal loading drum according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the decomposition of the movement of a coal particle on the turbulent coal loading drum of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spoiler effect in the F1 direction;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the spoiler effect in the F2 direction.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Radial spoiler; 2. Circumferential spoiler; 3. Spiral blade; 4. Drum body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention discloses a method for coal loading with disturbed flow, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, specifically, a circumferential spoiler element 2 and a radial spoiler element 1 are provided at the outlet of the coal flow channel on the coal mining machine drum. The circumferential spoiler element is used to change the original tangential outward movement trend of the coal flow along the side elevation of the spiral blade 3 into a movement trend deflected toward the axial rear of the drum. The radial spoiler element is used to change the radial outward movement trend of the coal flow into a movement trend deflected toward the radial inside and axial rear of the drum.

[0027] The direction of movement of coal flow between spiral blades is as follows Figure 1 As shown by the arrows in the figure, the thrust of the spiral blades directs the coal flow in the direction of the spiral blade's lead. If F represents the direction of motion of a particular coal particle, F points both backward and outward. F can be decomposed into two mutually perpendicular motions, F1 and F2. F1 is parallel to a tangent plane to the outer cylindrical surface of the drum body 4, and on this plane, F1 points diagonally to the rear of the drum, while F2 points radially outward. The circumferential flow disruptor is positioned to block the F1 component of the motion. This forces the coal flow to change its trajectory to F1' when it reaches the tail of the spiral blades. This prevents the coal flow from continuing to leak out to one side of the drum in the original F1 direction. Instead, the disrupted coal flow is gathered, increasing the coal filling rate at the coal flow channel outlet and allowing more coal to be ejected from the axial rear of the drum into the conveyor trough, thereby reducing the formation of floating coal on the bottom plate after leakage to one side of the drum.

[0028] The radial spoiler is set at a position that blocks the movement of F2. When the drum rotates, the coal flow in the F2 direction will change its original radial outward trajectory due to encountering the radial spoiler, and will be deflected radially inward and axially rearward of the drum, see F2' in the figure, thereby reducing the radially outward coal flow, which also plays a role in reducing floating coal and improving the drum loading rate.

[0029] The circumferential spoiler element and the radial spoiler element are both fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the coal mining machine drum.

[0030] The circumferential spoiler element and the radial spoiler element are both located at the rear end portion (also referred to as the tail portion) of the spiral blade of the coal mining machine drum, and overhang rearward relative to the corresponding spiral blade.

[0031] A circumferential flow-turbulating element and a radial flow-turbulating element are correspondingly provided at the rear end of each spiral blade.

[0032] The circumferential spoiler elements and radial spoiler elements are preferably made of the same material as the spiral blades. When required by the spatial layout, the circumferential spoiler elements and radial spoiler elements can be welded and fixed to the corresponding spiral blades.

[0033] The main bodies of the circumferential spoiler and the radial spoiler are preferably plate-shaped. The curvature and installation direction of the plate surface are determined according to the desired deflection angle of the coal flow.

[0034] Based on the above method, the present invention also discloses a turbulent coal loading drum, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the drum body 4 includes a spiral blade 5, a circumferential flow element 2, and a radial flow element 1. The spiral blades wrap around and are fixed to the outer cylindrical surface of the drum body. An open, trough-shaped coal flow channel is formed radially outward of the drum body, between two adjacent spiral blades. The rear end of the coal flow channel is the outlet of the corresponding coal flow channel. The coal flow direction follows the spiral path of the coal flow channel. Due to the spiral shape of the blades, the rear end of each coal flow channel always corresponds to a spiral blade on a single side. The circumferential flow element and radial flow element are fixed at the outlet of the coal flow channel, located at the tail end of each spiral blade on that single side. The circumferential flow element is set in a direction that changes the tangential outward movement of the coal flow along the lateral surface of the spiral blade into a movement direction that is deflected axially rearward of the drum. The radial flow element is set in a direction that changes the radial outward movement of the coal flow into a movement direction that is deflected radially inward and axially rearward of the drum.

[0035] The main bodies of the circumferential spoiler element and the radial spoiler element are both plate-like structures. The main body of the radial spoiler element is preferably an arc-shaped plate, which is arranged at the arc-shaped top edge of the corresponding spiral blade and adapts to the arc of the top edge of the spiral blade, that is, the curvature is consistent, and the radial spoiler element overhangs rearward relative to the corresponding spiral blade.

[0036] The circumferential flow-turbulating elements are arranged at the rear end edges of the corresponding spiral blades and extend in the radial direction of the drum body.

[0037] The plate surface of the circumferential flow disruptor (referring to the side directly contacting the coal flow) preferably forms an obtuse angle with the tangent plane of the corresponding spiral blade's side elevation. Alternatively, the plate surface of the circumferential flow disruptor may be a curved surface, typically a concave surface. If the surface is curved, the center of the arc is preferably tilted toward the axis of the drum.

[0038] A circumferential flow disturbing element and a radial flow disturbing element are correspondingly provided at the outlet of each coal flow channel.

[0039] The front and back directions referred to in this article are along the axis of the drum, where the front is the direction close to the coal wall when the coal mining machine is working, and the rear is the direction away from the coal wall. The inside and outside directions are along the radial direction of the drum, where the outside is the direction away from the drum, and the inside is the direction pointing to the core of the drum.

Claims

1. A turbulent coal loading drum, characterized by: The invention comprises a drum body, spiral blades, circumferential spoiler elements and radial spoiler elements, wherein the spiral blades are wrapped around and fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the drum body, and an open trough-shaped coal flow channel is formed between the radial outer side of the drum body and two adjacent spiral blades, and the rear end of the coal flow channel is the outlet of the corresponding coal flow channel, and the circumferential spoiler elements and radial spoiler elements are fixed on the drum body and located at the outlet of the coal flow channel. The setting direction of the circumferential spoiler element is to change the tangential outward movement trend of the coal flow along the side elevation of the spiral blade into the direction of the movement trend of the axial rear deflection of the drum, and the setting direction of the radial spoiler element is to change the radial outward movement trend of the coal flow into the direction of the movement trend of the radial inward deflection toward the radial inner side and the axial rear of the drum. The main body of the element is a plate-like structure, and the main body of the radial spoiler is an arc-shaped plate, which is arranged at the arc-shaped top edge of the corresponding spiral blade and adapted to the arc of the top edge of the spiral blade, and the radial spoiler is cantilevered rearward relative to the corresponding spiral blade, and the circumferential spoiler is arranged at the rear end edge of the corresponding spiral blade and extends radially along the drum body, and the side of the circumferential spoiler that directly contacts the coal flow is a plane and forms an obtuse angle with the tangent plane of the side elevation of the corresponding spiral blade, and the front-to-back direction is along the axis of the drum, wherein the front is the direction close to the coal wall when the coal mining machine is working, and the rear is the direction away from the coal wall, and the inside-outside direction is along the radial direction of the drum, wherein the outside is the direction away from the drum, and the inside is the direction pointing to the core of the drum.

2. The turbulent coal loading drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circumferential flow disturbing element and a radial flow disturbing element are correspondingly provided at the outlet of each coal flow channel.

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