A cylindrical casting grinding fixture and casting grinding production line

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cylindrical casting grinding fixture and a casting grinding production line. At least two positioning modules are arranged on a bearing plate, and the cylindrical casting is carried by the positioning modules. A clamping mechanism connected to an external mechanical arm is arranged to clamp and load the casting to the positioning module. At the same time, the positioning module is arranged as a support unit for carrying, a rotation limit unit for limiting rotation, and an axial limit unit for limiting axial movement, so that the cylindrical casting can be accurately positioned. The structure of multiple positioning modules and multi-station loading can reduce the frequency of loading, achieve the purpose of efficient production without stopping the machine, and then improve the economy of the entire fixture, solving the problem of low production efficiency and frequent manual loading of existing fixtures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of casting grinding, and in particular relates to a cylindrical casting grinding fixture and a casting grinding production line. Background Art

[0002] A fixture is a device used to fix the workpiece in the mechanical manufacturing process so that it occupies the correct position for construction or inspection. In a broad sense, any device used to quickly, conveniently and safely install the workpiece in any process can be called a fixture.

[0003] Now, grinding is required in the process of product processing. For example, many castings on automobiles are traditionally polished manually, but this leads to low production efficiency, poor working conditions, and frequent safety accidents. With the development of technology, robots are gradually applied to the field of grinding devices. Industrial robots are composed of manipulators, controllers, servo drive systems, and detection sensors. They are mechatronic automated production equipment that can simulate human operation, automatic control, reprogrammable, and can complete various operations in three-dimensional space. It is particularly suitable for flexible production of multiple varieties and variable batches. It plays a very important role in stabilizing and improving product quality, improving production efficiency, improving working conditions, and rapidly updating products.

[0004] However, in the case of robot processing, the existing fixtures will have certain problems. First, the use of a single fixture module is not optimal in terms of efficiency and requires frequent manual loading. Second, when using plane or spherical supports to limit rotation, the long-term contact between the workpiece and the fixture will quickly wear out, and wearing parts must be replaced frequently. Third, cylindrical castings are generally determined by V-blocks, and then other feature points are used. The actual casting has deviations in its outer dimensions, and the accuracy of the fixture placement will not be very good. There is also the possibility that it cannot be placed or the position cannot be accurately determined. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cylindrical casting grinding fixture and a casting grinding production line to solve the problems of low production efficiency and frequent manual loading of existing fixtures.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention comprises a bearing plate, at least two positioning modules and a clamping mechanism;

[0008] The carrying plate is provided with at least two positioning stations;

[0009] The positioning modules are respectively arranged on the corresponding positioning stations to provide positioning support for the casting;

[0010] The clamping mechanism is provided on the external mechanical arm and is used to clamp the casting on the positioning module;

[0011] Wherein, the positioning module comprises a substrate and a supporting unit, a rotation limiting unit and an axial limiting unit arranged on the substrate;

[0012] The substrate is arranged on the carrying plate;

[0013] The support unit is used to carry the casting and limit the vertical movement of the casting;

[0014] The rotation limiting unit is used to limit the axial rotation of the casting;

[0015] The axial limiting unit is used to limit the axial movement of the casting.

[0016] The cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention, the support unit includes two support blocks;

[0017] The two support blocks are arranged on the base plate at intervals, and corresponding receiving grooves are opened on the two support blocks. The two receiving grooves are respectively used to support the two ends of the casting.

[0018] In the cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention, the accommodating groove is a V-shaped groove opened on the upper surface of the supporting block.

[0019] In the cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention, the rotation limiting unit includes two rotation limiting members; the two rotation limiting members are respectively arranged on both sides of the supporting unit, and are respectively used to support the two protrusions located on the side surfaces of the casting.

[0020] The cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention, the rotation limiter includes a vertical block and a bearing; the lower end of the vertical block is installed on the base plate, the inner ring of the bearing is installed on the upper end of the vertical block, and the rotation direction of the outer ring of the bearing is parallel to the axial direction of the casting, and the outer ring of the bearing is used for sliding connection with the protrusion on the side of the casting.

[0021] In the cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention, the axial limiting unit includes two axial adjusting members; the two axial adjusting members are respectively arranged on the supporting unit and arranged opposite to each other, and are used to adjust the telescopic length and respectively clamp the two sides of the step surface of the casting.

[0022] In the cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention, the axial adjustment member is a limit rod, and the limit rod is provided with an external thread; and the support unit is provided with a corresponding internal thread hole, and the limit rod is threadedly connected to the internal thread hole.

[0023] The cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention, the positioning module also includes an adjustment unit; the fixed end of the adjustment unit is arranged on the base plate, the output end of the adjustment unit swings and contacts the step surface of the casting, and the swing direction of the output end of the adjustment unit is parallel to the axial direction of the casting, which is used to push the casting to move along the axial direction.

[0024] The cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention, the adjustment unit includes a fixing part, a bending part and a driving part;

[0025] The lower end of the fixing member is fixed on the base plate;

[0026] The bending part is rotatably connected to the upper end of the fixing part, and the rotation direction is parallel to the axial direction of the casting;

[0027] Two ends of the driving member are respectively connected to the base plate and the first end of the bending member, and are used to drive the second end of the bending member to swing.

[0028] A casting grinding production line of the present invention comprises any one of the cylindrical casting grinding fixtures described above.

[0029] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art:

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, at least two positioning modules are arranged on a bearing plate, and the cylindrical casting is carried by the positioning modules, and the casting is clamped and loaded to the positioning module by a clamping mechanism connected to an external mechanical arm. At the same time, the positioning module is arranged as a support unit for carrying, a rotation limit unit for limiting rotation, and an axial limit unit for limiting axial movement, so that the cylindrical casting can be accurately positioned. The structure of multiple positioning modules and multi-station loading can reduce the frequency of loading, achieve the purpose of efficient production without stopping the machine, and then improve the economy of the entire fixture, solving the problem of low production efficiency and frequent manual loading of existing fixtures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a clamping mechanism of a cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a positioning module of a cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the positioning module of the cylindrical casting grinding fixture of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1: supporting plate; 2: positioning module; 201: base plate; 202: supporting block; 203: vertical block; 204: bearing 205: axial adjustment member; 206: fixing member; 207: bending member; 208: driving member; 3: clamping mechanism; 301: main body; 302: clamping unit; 303: clamping hook; 4: cylindrical casting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The cylindrical casting grinding fixture and casting grinding production line proposed by the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and claims.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, a cylindrical casting 4 grinding fixture includes a carrier plate 1, at least two positioning modules 2 and a clamping mechanism 3.

[0039] At least two positioning stations are arranged on the carrier plate 1 . Positioning modules 2 are arranged on the corresponding positioning stations respectively to position and support the casting. The clamping mechanism 3 is arranged on the external mechanical arm to clamp the casting on the positioning module 2 .

[0040] The positioning module 2 includes a base plate 201 disposed on the carrier plate 1 and a support unit, a rotation limit unit and an axial limit unit disposed on the base plate 201. The support unit is used to support the casting and limit the vertical movement of the casting, the rotation limit unit is used to limit the axial rotation of the casting, and the axial limit unit is used to limit the axial movement of the casting.

[0041] In this embodiment, at least two positioning modules 2 are arranged on the bearing plate 1, and the cylindrical casting 4 is carried by the positioning module 2, and the clamping mechanism 3 connected to the external mechanical arm is arranged to clamp and load the casting to the positioning module 2. At the same time, the positioning module 2 is set as a support unit for carrying, a rotation limit unit for limiting rotation, and an axial limit unit for limiting axial movement, so that the cylindrical casting 4 can be accurately positioned. The structure of multiple positioning modules 2 and multi-station loading can reduce the frequency of loading, achieve the purpose of efficient production without stopping the machine, and then improve the economy of the entire fixture, solving the problem of low production efficiency and frequent manual loading of existing fixtures.

[0042] The specific structure of the grinding fixture for the cylindrical casting 4 of this embodiment is further described below:

[0043] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4In this embodiment, the support unit includes two support blocks 202. The two support blocks 202 are spaced apart on the substrate 201, and corresponding receiving grooves are provided on the two support blocks 202, and the two receiving grooves are respectively used to support the two ends of the casting. Specifically, the receiving groove is a V-shaped groove provided on the upper surface of the support block 202. The two ends of the cylindrical casting 4 can be respectively accommodated in the V-shaped grooves of the two support blocks 202, so as to realize the placement of the casting and limit the movement of the casting in the vertical direction.

[0044] The rotation limiter unit may include two rotation limiters. The two rotation limiters are respectively arranged on both sides of the line between the two support blocks 202, and are respectively used to support the two protrusions located on the side of the casting. Specifically, the rotation limiter includes a vertical block 203 and a bearing 204. The lower end of the vertical block 203 is mounted on the base plate 201, the inner ring of the bearing 204 is mounted on the upper end of the vertical block 203, and the rotation direction of the outer ring of the bearing 204 is parallel to the axial direction of the casting, and the outer ring of the bearing 204 is used to be slidably connected with the protrusion on the side of the casting. That is, a bearing 204 is respectively arranged on both sides of the cylindrical casting 4 accommodated on the two supporting blocks 202 to support the protrusions on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical casting 4 to limit the axial rotation of the cylindrical casting 4. At the same time, the arrangement of the bearing 204 allows the outer ring of the bearing 204 to rotate with the axial movement of the cylindrical casting 4. Compared with the existing method of directly setting two bearing columns, sliding is converted into rolling, the friction coefficient is small, and the wear is small, which solves the problem of long-term contact between the existing casting and the fixture, which will quickly wear out and require frequent replacement of wearing parts.

[0045] The bearing 204 may be a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing, which is not specifically limited here.

[0046] The axial limiting unit includes two axial adjusting members 205. The two axial adjusting members 205 are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two support blocks 202 and are arranged opposite to each other, and are used to adjust the telescopic length and clamp the two sides of the step surface of the casting respectively. Specifically, the axial adjusting member 205 can be a limiting rod, and the limiting rod is provided with an external thread, and the two support blocks 202 are respectively provided with corresponding internal thread holes, and the limiting rod is threadedly connected to the internal thread holes. In actual application, after the cylindrical casting 4 is placed in the V-grooves of the two support blocks 202, the two or one of the limiting rods can be rotated so that the limiting rods on both sides are respectively in contact with the two side surfaces of the step of the cylindrical casting 4, and clamping is achieved.

[0047] Furthermore, the positioning module 2 may also include an adjustment unit. The fixed end of the adjustment unit is arranged on the substrate 201, the output end of the adjustment unit swings and contacts the step surface of the casting, and the swing direction of the output end of the adjustment unit is parallel to the axial direction of the casting, which is used to push the casting to move along the axial direction.

[0048] Specifically, the adjustment unit may include a fixing member 206, a bending member 207 and a driving member 208. The bending member 207 may be in an L-shape. The lower end of the fixing member 206 is fixed to the base plate 201. The bending position of the bending member 207 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the fixing member 206, and the rotation direction is parallel to the axial direction of the casting. The two ends of the driving member 208 are respectively connected to the base plate 201 and the first end of the bending member 207, and are used to drive the second end of the bending member 207 to swing. During adjustment, the cylindrical casting 4 is placed on two support blocks 202, and the two sides of the cylindrical casting 4 roll on the bearings 204 on both sides; at this time, the driving member 208 can push the first end of the bending member 207 upward, and the bending member 207 rotates around the bending position, so that the second end of the bending member 207 can make a small range of swing, and the swinging action is similar to horizontal movement, so that the step surface of the cylindrical casting 4 can be pushed by the second end of the bending member 207, so that the cylindrical casting 4 can realize axial movement under the rolling of the bearing 204, and the cylindrical casting 4 is pushed to connect with the limit column on one side. After that, only the limit column on the other side is rotated to achieve precise positioning of the cylindrical casting 4.

[0049] The driving member 208 may be a spring, and the type of the spring may be determined according to the force required to push the cylindrical casting 4. In other embodiments, the driving member 208 may also be a gas cylinder or an oil cylinder, which is not specifically limited here.

[0050] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 3 can be a clamping device driven by a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, and the device includes a body 301, a clamping unit 302, and a clamping hook 303. The body 301 is mounted on an external mechanical arm, the clamping hook 303 is arranged at the lower end of the body 301, and cooperates with the body 301 to form a clamping space, and the clamping unit 302 is driven by a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder arranged in the body 301 to move toward the clamping space. When clamping the cylindrical casting 4, the external mechanical arm drives the body 301 to move, so that the cylindrical casting 4 is located in the clamping space, at which time the clamping hook 303 is located below the cylindrical casting 4, and the clamping unit 302 is located above the cylindrical casting 4, and then the pneumatic cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder drives the clamping unit 302, so that the clamping unit 302 and the clamping hook 303 are clamped at the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical casting 4 respectively, thereby completing the clamping operation.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] A casting polishing production line includes the cylindrical casting 4 polishing fixture in the above-mentioned embodiment 1. At least two positioning modules 2 are arranged on the bearing plate 1, and the cylindrical casting 4 is carried by the positioning module 2, and the casting is clamped and loaded to the positioning module 2 by a clamping mechanism 3 connected to an external mechanical arm. At the same time, the positioning module 2 is configured as a support unit for carrying, a rotation limit unit for limiting rotation, and an axial limit unit for limiting axial movement, so that the cylindrical casting 4 is accurately positioned. The use of a structure with multiple positioning modules 2 and multi-station loading can reduce the frequency of loading, achieve the purpose of efficient production without stopping the machine, and then improve the economy of the entire fixture, solving the problem of low production efficiency and frequent manual loading of existing fixtures.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylindrical casting grinding fixture, characterized in that: It includes a carrying plate, at least two positioning modules and a clamping mechanism; The carrying plate is provided with at least two positioning stations; The positioning modules are respectively arranged on the corresponding positioning stations to provide positioning support for the casting; The clamping mechanism is provided on the external mechanical arm and is used to clamp the casting on the positioning module; Wherein, the positioning module comprises a substrate and a supporting unit, a rotation limiting unit and an axial limiting unit arranged on the substrate; The substrate is arranged on the carrying plate; The support unit is used to carry the casting and limit the vertical movement of the casting; The rotation limiting unit is used to limit the axial rotation of the casting; The axial limiting unit is used to limit the axial movement of the casting; The rotation limiting unit includes two rotation limiting members; the two rotation limiting members are respectively arranged on both sides of the supporting unit, and are respectively used to bear the two protrusions located on the side of the casting; The rotation limiter comprises a vertical block and a bearing; the lower end of the vertical block is mounted on the base plate, the inner ring of the bearing is mounted on the upper end of the vertical block, and the rotation direction of the outer ring of the bearing is parallel to the axial direction of the casting, and the outer ring of the bearing is used for sliding connection with the protrusion on the side of the casting; The axial limiting unit includes two axial adjusting members; the two axial adjusting members are respectively arranged on the supporting unit and are arranged opposite to each other, and are used to adjust the telescopic length and clamp the two sides of the step surface of the casting respectively; The positioning module also includes an adjustment unit; the fixed end of the adjustment unit is arranged on the substrate, the output end of the adjustment unit swings and contacts the step surface of the casting, and the swing direction of the output end of the adjustment unit is parallel to the axial direction of the casting, which is used to push the casting to move along the axial direction.

2. The cylindrical casting grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support unit includes two support blocks; The two support blocks are arranged on the base plate at intervals, and corresponding receiving grooves are opened on the two support blocks. The two receiving grooves are respectively used to support the two ends of the casting.

3. The cylindrical casting grinding fixture as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The accommodating groove is a V-shaped groove opened on the upper surface of the supporting block.

4. The cylindrical casting grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial adjustment member is a limit rod, and an external thread is formed on the limit rod; and a corresponding internal thread hole is formed on the support unit, and the limit rod is threadedly connected to the internal thread hole.

5. The cylindrical casting grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment unit includes a fixing member, a bending member and a driving member; The lower end of the fixing member is fixed on the base plate; The bending part is rotatably connected to the upper end of the fixing part, and the rotation direction is parallel to the axial direction of the casting; Two ends of the driving member are respectively connected to the base plate and the first end of the bending member, and are used to drive the second end of the bending member to swing.

6. A casting grinding production line, characterized in that: It comprises a cylindrical casting grinding fixture as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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