Air cylinder accelerator

Abstract

The present invention provides an air-compressed cylinder accelerator, comprising a cylinder body, a switch valve and an air-compressed cylinder, wherein a piston chamber and a pressure accumulation chamber are arranged in the cylinder body, the switch valve has a valve seat arranged in the cylinder body and separated between the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber, a control component is arranged in the valve seat to switch the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber to be connected or disconnected, the air-compressed cylinder has a piston portion arranged in the piston chamber, and a rod portion extending out of the cylinder body, at the moment when the channel is opened by the control component and the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber are switched from being disconnected to being connected, the piston portion is accelerated and pushed by a predetermined pressure to achieve the effect of accelerating the rod portion to be pushed out of the piston chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pneumatic cylinder accelerator, and more particularly to a mechanism applied to a pneumatic cylinder to achieve accelerated motion. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet different processing requirements such as milling, drilling, and boring, existing automated processing machines are often equipped with a tool magazine in conjunction with a processing spindle. Tools of different processing types are set in the tool magazine, and different types of tools can be replaced on the processing spindle through a tool changing mechanism, which has better processing efficiency. When the tool set on the aforementioned processing spindle is to be replaced, the tool arm is moved to clamp the tool on the processing spindle first, and then the air cylinder cooperates with the force mechanism to perform a knife-breaking action to separate the tool from the processing spindle, and the tool arm can remove the tool for replacement.

[0003] Patent case No. TWM441540 of Taiwan Patent Bulletin discloses a double-force knife-beating cylinder, which is mainly used to solve the problem of insufficient force of the knife-beating cylinder in the prior art. It mainly includes a first actuating cylinder unit, a second actuating cylinder unit and a knife-beating unit. Through the switching selection of the first switch and the second switch, the first air pressure source and the second air pressure source can simultaneously provide air intake or exhaust for the knife-beating cylinder, thereby doubling the pressure channel to enable the knife-beating cylinder to perform the knife-beating acceleration action.

[0004] However, in order to accelerate the knife-beating action, in the prior art, the knife-beating cylinder must include two sets of actuator cylinder units, and cooperate with two sets of switchers and two air pressure sources. It is not difficult to find that the knife-beating cylinder will inevitably have the problem of complex components that cannot be simplified. The large number of components also leads to high component costs. In addition, due to the instability of the pressure of the air pressure source, when the pressure is insufficient, the knife-beating cylinder will be unable to accurately perform the knife-loosening action, so further improvement is necessary. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a pneumatic cylinder accelerator, which utilizes the design of a cylinder body with a pressure storage chamber, and the control component switches the pressure storage chamber and the piston chamber to be connected or not connected. When a pressure source is introduced into the pressure storage chamber and accumulates to a predetermined pressure, the control component switches the pressure storage chamber and the piston chamber to be connected, and the pneumatic cylinder is instantly accelerated by the predetermined pressure.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides an air-compressed cylinder accelerator, which includes: a cylinder body, a piston chamber and a pressure accumulation chamber; a switch valve, a valve seat is arranged in the cylinder body and is separated from the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber, the valve seat has a channel, and a control member is arranged in the valve seat to open and close the channel to switch the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber to be connected or disconnected; and an air-compressed cylinder, a piston portion is arranged in the piston chamber, and a rod portion extends out of the cylinder body from one side of the piston portion, when the channel is closed by the control member and the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber are disconnected, a pressure source can be introduced into the pressure accumulation chamber to accumulate to a predetermined pressure, and at the moment when the channel is opened by the control member and the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber are switched from being disconnected to being connected, the piston portion is accelerated and pushed by the predetermined pressure, so that the rod portion is accelerated and pushed out of the piston chamber.

[0007] The control member is a valve stem, which can be axially displaced in the valve seat and pass through the channel. The valve stem has a small diameter section formed by diameter reduction, and the position of the small diameter section corresponds to the channel. The valve stem has a front baffle ring at one end of the small diameter section. The valve stem is axially displaced in the valve seat so that the front baffle ring extends into the channel to close the channel, or the front baffle ring is retracted from the channel to open the channel with the small diameter section.

[0008] In which, an operating chamber is provided in the valve seat, and a first flow channel and a second flow channel are respectively connected to the outside of the valve seat at both ends of the operating chamber. One end of the valve stem has a driving part accommodated in the operating chamber. The pressure source can pass into the operating chamber through the first flow channel to push the driving part. The axial displacement of the valve stem causes the front baffle ring to extend into the channel and close the channel. The pressure source passes into the operating chamber through the second flow channel and pushes the driving part in the reverse direction. The axial displacement of the valve stem causes the front baffle ring to withdraw from the channel and open the channel.

[0009] The first flow channel and the second flow channel are respectively connected to a solenoid valve and then connected to the pressure accumulation chamber. The solenoid valve controls the pressure source to flow in from the first flow channel or from the second flow channel.

[0010] The valve seat has a flange block at the location where the first flow channel is located, and the flange block protrudes from the valve seat.

[0011] The cylinder body has a first end cover at one end of the piston chamber, and a second end cover at one end of the pressure accumulation chamber. The first end cover has a first through hole connected to the piston chamber, and the valve seat has a second through hole connected to the channel.

[0012] Among them, the first through hole is connected to the pressure accumulation chamber, and a one-way solenoid valve is arranged between the first through hole and the pressure accumulation chamber to control the conduction between the pressure source and the first through hole, and a reflux passage is formed when the rod is accelerated and pushed out of the piston chamber; or the pressure source is reversely introduced into the piston chamber to push the piston part, the rod retracts into the piston chamber, and a reflux passage is formed in the second through hole.

[0013] Among them, the valve stem has a rear baffle ring at one end of the small diameter section. When the valve stem is axially displaced to cause the front baffle ring to close the channel, the channel and the second through hole are connected; in addition, when the valve stem is axially displaced to cause the front baffle ring to withdraw from the channel and open the channel, the baffle ring closes the second through hole, and the channel and the second through hole are not connected.

[0014] The valve seat has a connecting hole communicating with the pressure accumulator chamber, and the connecting hole allows the pressure source to flow into the pressure accumulator chamber to the predetermined pressure, or allows the predetermined pressure in the pressure accumulator chamber to be released.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] In the pneumatic cylinder accelerator of the present invention, the cylinder body has a pressure storage chamber that can be connected to a pressure source, and the pressure source is stored in the pressure storage chamber to a predetermined pressure as a preparation, and the control component can switch the pressure storage chamber and the piston chamber to be connected, so that the piston part is instantly accelerated and pushed by the predetermined pressure, and the rod part is accelerated and pushed out of the piston chamber. In other words, in addition to the piston chamber, the cylinder body of the present invention has a pressure storage chamber structure, and in conjunction with the action of the control component, the rod part can be accelerated to be pushed out of the piston chamber, and when the pressure storage chamber has accumulated to a predetermined pressure, even if the external air pressure source is not continuously provided, the pressure of the compressed air stored in the pressure storage chamber can still be used to complete the action of accelerating the rod part to be pushed out of the piston chamber, thereby achieving the effect of simplifying the components and making the component cost relatively low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional appearance diagram of the air compression cylinder accelerator of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A three-dimensional appearance diagram of the air compression cylinder accelerator of the present invention from another perspective;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the air compression cylinder accelerator of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The cross-sectional structural diagram obtained along the section line 4-4;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional view of a partial cross-section of the air cylinder accelerator of the present invention in two connecting holes;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the air compression cylinder accelerator of the present invention, in which the piston chamber and the pressure storage chamber are not connected, and the rod of the air compression cylinder is a retracted piston chamber;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A circuit diagram in which the piston chamber and the pressure accumulator chamber are in communication, and the rod of the air compression cylinder is in a state of extending out of the piston chamber;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a partially cutaway perspective enlarged view of the air compression cylinder accelerator of the present invention, in which the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber are connected, and the high-pressure gas in the pressure accumulation chamber enters the piston chamber through the channel;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a partially sectional enlarged plan view of the air compression cylinder accelerator of the present invention, in which the high-pressure gas accelerates the piston portion, causing the rod portion to extend out of the piston chamber.

[0026] Description of Reference Numerals

[0027] 100: Air cylinder accelerator 10: Cylinder body

[0028] 11: Piston chamber 12: Accumulator chamber

[0029] 13: first end cover 131: first through hole

[0030] 14: Second end cover 20: Switch valve

[0031] 21: Valve seat 211: Channel

[0032] 212: Operation room 213: First flow channel

[0033] 214: Second flow channel 215: Flange block

[0034] 216: connecting hole 217: second through hole

[0035] 22: Valve stem 221: Small diameter section

[0036] 222: front baffle ring 223: drive unit

[0037] 224: Rear retaining ring 30: Air cylinder

[0038] 31: Piston 32: Rod

[0039] 40: Two-way solenoid valve 50: One-way solenoid valve

[0040] P: Stressor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to facilitate the description of the central idea of ​​the present invention in the above invention content column, it is expressed here with specific embodiments. It is hereby stated that various objects in the embodiments are drawn in proportions suitable for enumeration and description rather than in proportions of actual components.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a pneumatic cylinder accelerator 100 in a preferred embodiment, which is applied to a knife-beating cylinder in this embodiment, but is not limited thereto. Its main components include a cylinder body 10, a switch valve 20 and a pneumatic cylinder 30, wherein:

[0043] The cylinder body 10 has a piston chamber 11 and a pressure accumulation chamber 12. The cylinder body 10 of this embodiment is cylindrical, and has a first end cover 13 at one end of the piston chamber 11, and has a second end cover 14 at one end of the pressure accumulation chamber 12. The first end cover 13 of this embodiment is a rectangular block, and the second end cover 14 of this embodiment is also a rectangular block. The first end cover 13 has a first through hole 131 connected to the piston chamber 11.

[0044] The switch valve 20 has a valve seat 21, which is disposed on the cylinder body 10 and is located between the piston chamber 11 and the pressure accumulating chamber 12. The valve seat 21 has a passage 211. In this embodiment, an operating chamber 212 is disposed in the valve seat 21. A first flow passage 213 and a second flow passage 214 are disposed at both ends of the operating chamber 212. The operating chamber 212 is connected to the outside of the valve seat 21 (such as Figure 1 , 4 As shown in FIG. 1 ). The valve seat 21 of this embodiment is a rectangular block. The valve seat 21 has a flange block 215 at the first flow channel 213. The flange block 215 protrudes from the valve seat 21. The valve seat 21 has two connecting holes 216 in this embodiment. Both connecting holes 216 are connected to the pressure accumulator chamber 12 (as shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 2 , the connecting hole 216 allows the pressure source P to pass into the pressure accumulating chamber 12 and accumulate to a predetermined pressure, and also allows the pressure in the pressure accumulating chamber 12 to be released. The valve seat 21 also has a second through hole 217 connected to the channel 211. The second through hole 217 and the operating chamber 212 of this embodiment are respectively located at the two ends of the channel 211, wherein the second through hole 217 and the channel 211 can be connected, while the operating chamber 212 and the channel 211 are not connected.

[0045] The pressure source P (such as Figure 6 , 7 As shown in the figure, in the present invention, it refers to a high-pressure fluid that can provide power, such as a high-pressure gas (air pressure) or a high-pressure liquid (hydraulic pressure). In this embodiment, a high-pressure gas is used as an example. In addition, the pressure source P can be used to drive the driving part 223, and can also be used as a power source for other components, such as being passed into the pressure storage chamber 12 to accumulate to the predetermined pressure.

[0046] Thus, the switch valve 20 has a control member, which is arranged in the valve seat 21. The control member is used to open and close the channel 211, and switch the piston chamber 11 and the pressure accumulator chamber 12 to be connected, or switch the piston chamber 11 and the pressure accumulator chamber 12 to be disconnected. In this embodiment, the control member is a valve stem 22, which is axially displaceable in the valve seat 21, and the valve stem 22 passes through the channel 211. The valve stem 22 has a small diameter section 221, which is formed by the diameter of the valve stem 22 itself being reduced, and the position of the small diameter section 221 corresponds to the channel 211. The valve stem 22 has a front stop ring 222 at one end of the small diameter section 221, so that the valve stem 22 is axially displaced in the valve seat 21, and the front stop ring 222 extends into one end of the channel 211 to close the channel 211, so that the piston chamber 11 and the pressure accumulator chamber 12 are disconnected.

[0047] In this embodiment, one end of the valve stem 22 has a driving portion 223, and the driving portion 223 is accommodated in the operating chamber 212. The pressure source P can enter the operating chamber 212 through the first flow channel 213 to push the driving portion 223, so that the valve stem 22 is axially displaced and the front stop ring 222 closes the channel 211 (such as Figure 6 The pressure source P can also be passed into the operating chamber 212 through the second flow channel 214, thereby pushing the driving portion 223 in the opposite direction, causing the valve stem 22 to axially displace and the front baffle ring 222 to withdraw from the channel 211, so that the channel 211 can be opened (as shown in FIG. Figure 7 In addition, the valve stem 22 of this embodiment has a rear baffle ring 224 at the other end of the small diameter section 221. When the valve stem 22 is axially displaced and the front baffle ring 222 extends into the channel 211 to close the channel 211, the channel 211 is connected to the second through hole 217. At this time, the channel 211 can be vented through the second through hole 217 (as shown in FIG. 2 ). Figure 3 In addition, when the valve stem 22 is axially displaced and the front baffle ring 222 is separated from the channel 211, thereby opening the channel 211, the rear baffle ring 224 extends into the other end of the channel 211 to close the second through hole 217, so that the channel 211 and the second through hole 217 are not connected, and the channel 211 cannot be exhausted through the second through hole 217 (as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown), the piston chamber 11 and the pressure accumulation chamber 12 are connected.

[0048] The air cylinder 30 has a piston 31 disposed in the piston chamber 11, and a rod 32 extending from one side of the piston 31 outside the cylinder body 10. When the passage 211 is closed by the control member, and the piston chamber 11 and the pressure accumulating chamber 12 are not connected, the pressure source P can be introduced into the pressure accumulating chamber 12 and accumulated to the predetermined pressure. At the moment when the passage 211 is opened by the control member and the piston chamber 11 and the pressure accumulating chamber 12 switch from being disconnected to being connected, the piston 31 is accelerated by the predetermined pressure, so that the rod 32 is accelerated to be pushed out of the piston chamber 11 to perform knife beating. The predetermined pressure here refers to the pressure that is sufficient for knife beating when the rod 32 is accelerated to be pushed out of the piston chamber 11. It is not a fixed value. The predetermined pressure is determined according to the actual needs of knife beating.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first flow channel 213 and the second flow channel 214 are respectively connected to a solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve is then connected to the pressure accumulator 12. The solenoid valve mainly controls whether the pressure source P is introduced from the first flow channel 213 or from the second flow channel 214. In this embodiment, the solenoid valve is a two-way solenoid valve 40 (such as Figure 6 , 7 In this embodiment, the first through hole 131 of the first end cover 13 is connected to the pressure storage chamber 12, and a one-way solenoid valve 50 (as shown in FIG. Figure 6 , 7 In this embodiment, the pressure source P is connected to a connecting hole 216, and the two-way solenoid valve 40 and the one-way solenoid valve 50 are respectively connected to another connecting hole 216 ( Figure 6 , 7 The connection between the bidirectional solenoid valve 40 and the one-way solenoid valve 50 and the connecting hole 216 at different positions is only for illustration, and they are actually connected to the same connecting hole 216).

[0050] The two-way solenoid valve 40 is energized to excite the pressure source P, which is passed from the first flow channel 213 into the operating chamber 212 to push the driving part 223 (such as Figure 6 As shown), the valve stem 22 can be axially displaced so that the front baffle ring 222 extends into the channel 211 and closes the channel 211 (as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown), the gas in the operating chamber 212 can be discharged through the second flow channel 214. At this time, the rod 32 in the piston chamber 11 is retracted, and the pressure source P can be introduced into the pressure accumulation chamber 12 to accumulate to the predetermined pressure.

[0051] When you want to perform a sword fight, Figure 7As shown in the figure, the two-way solenoid valve 40 is energized and reversely excited, so that the pressure source P is changed to enter the operating chamber 212 through the second flow channel 214 to push the driving part 223 in the reverse direction. The gas in the operating chamber 212 is discharged from the first flow channel 213 at this time, so that the valve stem 22 can be axially displaced and the front baffle ring 222 can be withdrawn from the channel 211 to open the channel 211 (as shown in the figure). Figure 8 , 9 As shown in FIG. 1 , the passage 211 is opened and the piston chamber 11 and the pressure accumulator chamber 12 are switched to be connected, and the piston portion 31 is instantly pushed by the predetermined pressure to accelerate the rod portion 32 to be pushed out of the piston chamber 11 for cutting. While the rod portion 32 is accelerated to be pushed out of the piston chamber 11 for cutting, the one-way solenoid valve 50 controls the connection between the pressure source P and the first through hole 131, so that the rod portion 32 is accelerated to be pushed out of the piston chamber 11 for cutting to form a reflux path, and the exhaust action can be performed from the first through hole 131.

[0052] In summary, before the rod 32 is accelerated to be pushed out of the piston chamber 11 for cutting, the one-way solenoid valve 50 can be used to control the connection between the pressure source P and the first through hole 131, so that the piston chamber 11 can be exhausted from the first through hole 131 in advance, which can more effectively accelerate the rod 32 to be pushed out of the piston chamber 11. In addition, in this embodiment, the one-way solenoid valve 50 is independently set to control the exhaust action, but the present invention is not limited to this, and another solenoid valve can be directly set on the switch valve 20, which can also achieve the effect of controlling the exhaust action as the one-way solenoid valve 50.

[0053] When the knife is cut, the two-way solenoid valve 40 allows the pressure source P to pass from the first flow channel 213 into the operating chamber 212 as described above to push the driving part 223, and then the valve stem 22 is axially displaced so that the front baffle ring 222 re-extends into the channel 211 to close the channel 211 (as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown), the one-way solenoid valve 50 reversely passes the pressure source P to the piston chamber 11 to push the piston portion 31, so that the rod portion 32 retracts into the piston chamber 11 (as shown). Figure 6 As shown), a reflux passage is formed in the second through hole 217 to perform exhaust action to return to the state before cutting.

[0054] From the above description, it is not difficult to find that the characteristic of the present invention is that, through the structure of the pressure storage chamber 12 of the cylinder body 10, the pressure source P can be introduced in advance, and the pressure source P is accumulated in the pressure storage chamber 12 to a predetermined pressure, and the predetermined pressure is used as the power for the rod 32 to be accelerated and pushed out of the piston chamber 11. When it is used for cutting, when the tool (not shown in the figure) provided on the processing spindle is to be replaced, the control member (such as the valve stem 22 mentioned above) can switch the pressure storage chamber 12 and the piston chamber 11 to be connected, and at this time, the piston 31 will be instantly accelerated by the predetermined pressure, so that the rod 32 is accelerated and pushed out of the piston chamber 11 for cutting. Because the cylinder body 10 of the present invention has the structure of the pressure storage chamber 12 in addition to the piston chamber 11, and cooperates with the action of the control member to achieve the effect of accelerating the rod 32 to be pushed out of the piston chamber 11, compared with the existing cutting cylinder that must include two sets of actuating cylinder units, and cooperate with two sets of switches and two air pressure sources, it can be foreseen that its components can be relatively simplified, so that the component cost can be relatively low. In addition, the pressure storage chamber 12 of the cylinder body 10 can be pre-introduced into the pressure source P and accumulated to a predetermined pressure. Therefore, even if the external air pressure source cannot continuously provide sufficient pressure due to a malfunction or insufficient pressure, the pressure of the compressed air accumulated in the pressure storage chamber 12 can still be used to accelerate the rod 32 out of the piston chamber 11. When used in the knife-beating action, the problem of failure of the knife-beating action can be avoided.

[0055] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications or changes that do not violate the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic cylinder accelerator, characterized in that: It includes: A cylinder body having a piston chamber and a pressure accumulator chamber; A switch valve, having a valve seat disposed in the cylinder body and between the piston chamber and the pressure accumulator chamber, the valve seat having a passage, a control member disposed in the valve seat to open and close the passage to switch the piston chamber and the pressure accumulator chamber to be connected or disconnected, the control member being a valve stem, the valve stem being axially displaceably disposed in the valve seat and passing through the passage, the valve stem having a small diameter section formed by a diameter reduction, the position of the small diameter section corresponding to the passage, the valve stem having a front stop ring at one end of the small diameter section, and a rear stop ring at the other end of the small diameter section; and A pneumatic cylinder, a piston portion is arranged in the piston chamber, and a rod portion extends out of the cylinder body from one side of the piston portion. When the passage is closed by the control member and the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber are not connected, a pressure source can be introduced into the pressure accumulation chamber to accumulate to a predetermined pressure. At the moment when the passage is opened by the control member and the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber are switched from being not connected to being connected, the piston portion is pushed by the predetermined pressure and the rod portion is pushed out of the piston chamber at an accelerated speed. An operating chamber is provided in the valve seat, and a first flow channel and a second flow channel are provided at both ends of the operating chamber, which are respectively connected to the outside of the valve seat. One end of the valve stem has a driving part accommodated in the operating chamber, and the first flow channel and the second flow channel are respectively connected to an electromagnetic valve and then to the pressure accumulation chamber. The electromagnetic valve controls the pressure source to enter from the first flow channel or the second flow channel. The pressure source can enter the operating chamber from the first flow channel to push the driving part, and the axial displacement of the valve stem causes the front baffle ring to extend into one end of the channel, and the rear baffle ring to withdraw from the other end of the channel. The piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber are not connected, and the pressure source enters the operating chamber from the second flow channel to push the driving part in the opposite direction. The axial displacement of the valve stem causes the front baffle ring to withdraw from the channel, and the rear baffle ring to extend into the channel, and the piston chamber and the pressure accumulation chamber are connected.

2. The air cylinder accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve seat is provided with a flange block at the location where the first flow channel is provided, and the flange block protrudes from the valve seat.

3. The air cylinder accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder body has a first end cover at one end of the piston chamber, and a second end cover at one end of the pressure accumulation chamber. The first end cover has a first through hole connected to the piston chamber, and the valve seat has a second through hole connected to the channel.

4. The air cylinder accelerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first through hole is connected to the pressure accumulation chamber, and a one-way solenoid valve is arranged between the first through hole and the pressure accumulation chamber to control the conduction between the pressure source and the first through hole, so that a reflux path is formed when the rod is accelerated and pushed out of the piston chamber; or the pressure source is reversely introduced into the piston chamber to push the piston, the rod retracts into the piston chamber, and a reflux path is formed in the second through hole.

5. The air cylinder accelerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the valve stem is axially displaced to cause the front baffle ring to extend into the channel and close the channel, the channel and the second through hole are connected; in addition, when the valve stem is axially displaced to cause the front baffle ring to withdraw from the channel and open the channel, the rear baffle ring extends into the channel and closes the second through hole, and the channel and the second through hole are not connected.

6. The air cylinder accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve seat has a communicating hole communicating with the pressure accumulating chamber, and the communicating hole is used for the pressure source to pass into the pressure accumulating chamber to the predetermined pressure, or for the predetermined pressure in the pressure accumulating chamber to be released.

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