A new ecological seawall foot structure and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel ecological seawall foot structure, including: a foot constructed at the bottom of the seawall outer slope; a seawall riprap prism constructed on the seawall beach and located outside the foot; a seawall suppression platform constructed on the seawall beach and located between the foot and the riprap prism; a silt-promoting dam constructed on the seawall beach and located outside the riprap prism; a first ecological structure constructed on the seawall beach and located between the silt-promoting dam and the riprap prism; a second ecological structure constructed on the top of the riprap prism and the middle of the seawall suppression platform; and a tidal pool structure constructed between the foot and the second ecological structure. A construction method for the novel ecological seawall foot structure is also disclosed. The present invention satisfies the requirements of both the defense capability of the seawall and the improvement of the ecological function of the seawall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seawalls, and in particular to a novel ecological seawall foot structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a safety barrier against wind and waves in coastal areas, seawalls effectively prevent storm surges, resist the invasion and scouring of the coast by waves and currents, and protect the lives and property of people in coastal areas. In order to effectively resist wave attacks, seawalls basically adopt hard slope and bottom protection structures, which leads to monotonous facade structures of seawalls, shrinkage of the beach outside the seawall, and damage to the beach habitat of the coastal zone. In order to improve the current situation dominated by artificial coastlines in the coastal zone and build a natural and ecological new seawall, it is urgent to carry out ecological transformation of the existing hard seawalls on the basis of meeting the basic functions of seawalls in terms of tide and wave prevention capabilities, combined with beach consolidation and coastal zone restoration, to realize the ecological function of the seawall and achieve harmonious coexistence between people and the coastal zone.

[0003] Therefore, the applicant has found a solution to the above-mentioned problem through beneficial exploration and research, and the technical solution to be introduced below is produced in this context. Summary of the invention

[0004] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new ecological seawall foot structure that can meet the needs of both the defense capability of the seawall and the improvement of the ecological function of the seawall in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method for the above-mentioned novel ecological seawall foot structure.

[0006] A novel ecological seawall foot structure as a first aspect of the present invention comprises:

[0007] The footing is built at the bottom of the outer slope of the seawall;

[0008] A seawall riprap prism constructed on the seawall beach and located outside the town foot;

[0009] A seawall suppression platform constructed on the seawall beach and located between the said dam foot and the seawall riprap prism;

[0010] A silt-promoting dam constructed on the seawall beach and located outside the riprap prism of the seawall;

[0011] A first ecological structure constructed on the seawall beach and located between the silt-promoting dam and the seawall riprap prism;

[0012] A second ecological structure constructed on the top of the seawall riprap prism and in the middle of the seawall suppression platform; and

[0013] A tidal pool structure is constructed between the foot of the town and the second ecological structure.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anchor is a plain concrete structure, a reinforced concrete structure or a buried stone concrete structure.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seawall suppression platform is composed of a suppression cushion layer and a suppression surface structure laid sequentially from bottom to top.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suppression cushion layer is formed by paving bagged crushed stones, and the suppression surface structure is built by grouting blocks.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silt-promoting dam is a water-permeable structure composed of riprap and twist block facing.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first ecological structure includes:

[0019] Filling the first dredged soil between the silt-promoting dam and the seawall riprap prism with hydraulic pressure;

[0020] Large riprap rocks scattered within the first dredged soil mass; and

[0021] Submerged halophytes planted on the first dredged soil body.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top surface elevation of the first ecological structure is located near the multi-year average tide level.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the submerged halophyte is one of Tripterygium wilfordii and Suaeda salsa or a combination thereof.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second ecological structure includes:

[0025] A first riprap weir constructed on the outer side of the top of the riprap prism of the seawall;

[0026] A second riprap weir constructed in the middle of the seawall suppression platform;

[0027] An anti-filtration structure is laid on the top of the seawall riprap prism and the middle of the seawall suppression platform and is located between the first riprap weir and the second riprap weir;

[0028] Blowing a second dredged soil mass onto the inverted filter structure; and

[0029] Emergent halophytes planted on the second dredged soil body.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top surface elevation of the second ecological structure is located near the multi-year average high tide level.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top width of the first riprap weir and / or the second riprap weir is 2m to 4m, and the weir slope is 1:2.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anti-filtration structure is an anti-filtration cloth, and both ends of the anti-filtration cloth are pressed inside the first riprap weir and the second riprap weir.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressing length of the two ends of the reverse filter cloth is 0.5m to 1.5m.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the emergent halophyte is one of Phragmites australis or Imperata cylindrica or a combination thereof.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tidal pool structure comprises:

[0036] Riprap randomly laid between the footing and the second ecological structure;

[0037] blowing a third dredged soil mass onto the riprap; and

[0038] Shellfish mixed in the third dredged soil body.

[0039] As a second aspect of the present invention, a construction method of a novel ecological seawall foot structure comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step S10, using a construction vessel to construct a silt-reducing dam on the seawall beach outside the embankment foot;

[0041] Step S20, constructing the seawall riprap prism, the seawall suppression platform and the stanchion footing;

[0042] Step S30, constructing a first ecological structure between the silt-promoting dam and the seawall riprap prism;

[0043] Step S40, constructing a second ecological structure from the top of the seawall riprap prism to the middle of the seawall suppression platform;

[0044] Step S50, constructing a tidal pool structure between the second ecological structure and the town foot.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S30, a first ecological structure is constructed between the silt-promoting dam and the seawall riprap prism, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step S31, filling the first dredged soil between the silt-promoting dam and the riprap prism with water;

[0047] Step S32, scattering large pieces of riprap in the first dredged soil body so that the top surface elevation of the first dredged soil body is close to the multi-year average tide level;

[0048] Step S33, selecting a suitable season to plant submerged halophytes on the first dredged soil.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S40, a second ecological structure is constructed from the top of the seawall riprap prism to the middle of the seawall suppression platform, including the following steps:

[0050] Step S41, constructing a first riprap weir on the outer side of the top of the seawall riprap prism, so that the top surface elevation of the first riprap weir is close to the multi-year average high tide level;

[0051] Step S42, constructing a second riprap weir in the middle of the seawall suppression platform, so that the top surface elevation of the second riprap weir is close to the multi-year average high tide level;

[0052] Step S43, laying an anti-filtration structure on the top of the seawall riprap prism and the middle of the seawall suppression platform and between the first riprap weir and the second riprap weir;

[0053] Step S44, filling the second dredged soil mass on the filter structure with blower so that the top surface elevation of the second dredged soil mass is close to the multi-year average high tide level; and

[0054] Step S45, selecting a suitable season to plant emergent halophytes on the second dredged soil.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S50, a tidal pool structure is constructed between the second ecological structure and the town foot, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step S51, randomly laying riprap between the footing and the second ecological structure;

[0057] Step S52, mixing the shellfish into the third dredged soil, and blowing the third dredged soil mixed with the shellfish onto the riprap.

[0058] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0059] 1. The present invention can increase the resistance of seawalls to extreme wind and waves;

[0060] 2. The present invention can increase the tidal flat wetland outside the seawall foot, create a habitat for intertidal zone organisms, and restore the function of the coastal zone ecosystem;

[0061] 3. The present invention can exchange water in the tidal pool through daily ebb and flow of tides to ensure the activity of water in the tidal pool;

[0062] 4. The invention is easy to construct and has mature technology. It can be applied to the ecological transformation of the foot of traditional seawalls and basically does not require manual maintenance after completion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0064] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second ecological structure of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tidal pool structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below with reference to specific diagrams.

[0068] See also Figure 1 The figure shows a new type of ecological seawall foot structure, including a footing 100, a seawall riprap prism 200, a seawall suppression platform 300, a silt-promoting dam 400, a first ecological structure 500, a second ecological structure 600 and a tidal pool structure 700.

[0069] The footing 100 is constructed at the bottom of the outer slope of the seawall and is made of a plain concrete structure, a reinforced concrete structure or a buried stone concrete structure.

[0070] The seawall riprap prism 200 is constructed on the seawall beach and is located outside the town foot 100 .

[0071] The seawall suppression platform 300 is constructed on the seawall beach and is located between the stabilizing foot 100 and the seawall riprap prism 200. The seawall suppression platform 300 is composed of a suppression cushion layer and a suppression face structure laid sequentially from bottom to top. The suppression cushion layer is made of bagged crushed stone, and the suppression face structure is made of cast-in-place block stone.

[0072] The silt-promoting dam 400 is constructed on the seawall beach and is located outside the seawall riprap prism 200. The silt-promoting dam 400 is a water-permeable structure composed of riprap and twist block protection.

[0073] The first ecological structure 500 is constructed on the seawall beach and is located between the silt-promoting dam 400 and the seawall riprap prism 200. Its top surface elevation is located near the multi-year average tide level to improve the ecology of the outer side of the seawall foot. The first ecological structure 500 includes a first dredged soil body 510, large scattered riprap 520, and submerged halophytes 530. The first dredged soil body 510 is filled between the silt-promoting dam 400 and the seawall riprap prism 200. The first dredged soil body 510 uses waste earthwork from the water conservancy and water transport industries to solve the pollution and resource waste caused by the abandonment of dredged soil in river and waterway excavation. Large scattered riprap 520 is scattered in the first dredged soil body 510, which can prevent the loss of the first dredged soil body 510. Submerged halophytes 530 are planted on the first dredged soil body 510. The submerged halophytes 530 are one or a combination of sea sedge or saltwort.

[0074] See also Figure 2 Combined with Figure 1 The second ecological structure 600 is constructed on the top of the seawall riprap prism 200 and the middle of the seawall suppression platform 300, and its top surface elevation is located near the multi-year average high tide level to improve the ecology of the outer side of the seawall foot. The second ecological structure 600 includes a first riprap weir 610, a second riprap weir 620, a filter structure 630, a second dredged soil body 640, and emergent halophytes 650. The first riprap weir 610 is constructed on the outer side of the top of the seawall riprap prism 200, the top width of the first riprap weir 610 is 2m to 4m, and the weir slope is 1:2. The second riprap weir 620 is constructed in the middle of the seawall suppression platform 300, the top width of the second riprap weir 620 is 2m to 4m, and the weir slope is 1:2. The filter structure 630 is laid on the top of the seawall riprap prism 200 and the middle of the seawall suppression platform 300 and is located between the first riprap weir 610 and the second riprap weir 620. The filter structure 630 preferably uses filter cloth and its two ends are pressed inside the first riprap weir 610 and the second riprap weir 620. The pressing length of the two ends of the filter cloth is 0.5m to 1.5m, which improves the installation stability of the filter structure 630. The second dredged soil body 640 is blown and filled on the filter structure 630. The second dredged soil body 640 uses waste soil from the water conservancy and water transportation industries to solve the pollution and resource waste caused by the abandonment of dredged soil in river and waterway excavation. Emergent halophytes 650 are planted on the second dredged soil body 640. The emergent halophytes are one or a combination of reed or white grass.

[0075] See also Figure 3 Combined with Figure 1The tidal pool structure 700 is constructed between the foot of the town 100 and the second ecological structure 600 to restore the habitat of the intertidal zone. The tidal pool structure 700 includes scattered riprap 710, a third dredged soil body 720, and shellfish. The scattered riprap 710 is laid irregularly between the foot of the town 100 and the second ecological structure 600. The third dredged soil body 720 is filled on the scattered riprap 710. The third dredged soil body 720 uses waste earthwork from the water conservancy and water transportation industries to solve the pollution and resource waste caused by the abandonment of dredged soil in river and waterway excavation. Shellfish are mixed in the third dredged soil body 720.

[0076] The construction method of the novel ecological seawall foot structure of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0077] Step S10, using a construction ship to construct a silt-reducing dam 400 on the seawall beach outside the embankment foot.

[0078] Step S20 , constructing the seawall riprap prism 200 , the seawall suppression platform 300 and the seawall footing 100 .

[0079] Step S30, constructing a first ecological structure 500 between the silt-promoting dam 400 and the seawall riprap prism 200. The construction method of the first ecological structure 500 is to first fill the first dredged soil 510 between the silt-promoting dam 400 and the riprap prism 200; scattering large pieces of riprap 520 in the first dredged soil 510 so that the top surface elevation of the first dredged soil 510 is close to the multi-year average tide level; and then selecting a suitable season to plant submerged halophytes 530 on the first dredged soil 510.

[0080] Step S40 , constructing a second ecological structure 600 from the top of the seawall riprap prism 200 to the middle of the seawall suppression platform 300 . The construction method of the second ecological structure 600 is to first construct a first riprap weir 610 on the outer side of the top of the seawall riprap prism 200, so that the top surface elevation of the first riprap weir 610 is close to the multi-year average high tide level; construct a second riprap weir 620 in the middle of the seawall suppression platform 300, so that the top surface elevation of the second riprap weir 620 is close to the multi-year average high tide level; then, lay an anti-filtration structure 630 on the top of the seawall riprap prism 200 and the middle of the seawall suppression platform 300 and between the first riprap weir 610 and the second riprap weir 620; then, fill the second dredged soil body 640 on the anti-filtration structure 630, so that the top surface elevation of the second dredged soil body 640 is close to the multi-year average high tide level; finally, select a suitable season to plant emergent halophytes 650 on the second dredged soil body 640.

[0081] Step S50, constructing a tidal pool structure 700 between the second ecological structure 500 and the town foot 100. The construction method of the tidal pool structure 700 is to first lay scattered riprap 710 irregularly between the town foot 100 and the second ecological structure 500; then, mix the shellfish into the third dredged soil 720, and then blow the third dredged soil 720 mixed with the shellfish onto the scattered riprap 710.

[0082] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A new ecological seawall foot structure, characterized in that: include: The footing is built at the bottom of the outer slope of the seawall; A seawall riprap prism constructed on the seawall beach and located outside the town foot; A seawall suppression platform constructed on the seawall beach and located between the said dam foot and the seawall riprap prism, the said seawall suppression platform is composed of a suppression cushion layer and a suppression face structure laid in sequence from bottom to top; A silt-promoting dam constructed on the seawall beach and located outside the riprap prism of the seawall, wherein the silt-promoting dam is a water-permeable structure composed of riprap and twist block protection surface; A first ecological structure constructed on the seawall beach and located between the silt-promoting dam and the seawall riprap prism, the first ecological structure comprising: a first dredged soil body filled between the silt-promoting dam and the seawall riprap prism; large pieces of riprap scattered in the first dredged soil body; and submerged halophytes planted on the first dredged soil body; A second ecological structure constructed on the top of the seawall riprap prism and in the middle of the seawall suppression platform, the second ecological structure comprising: a first riprap weir constructed on the outside of the top of the seawall riprap prism; a second riprap weir constructed in the middle of the seawall suppression platform; an anti-filtration structure laid on the top of the seawall riprap prism and in the middle of the seawall suppression platform and located between the first riprap weir and the second riprap weir; a second dredged soil body blown on the anti-filtration structure; and emergent halophytes planted on the second dredged soil body; and A tidal pool structure is constructed between the town foot and the second ecological structure, and the tidal pool structure includes: scattered riprap randomly laid between the town foot and the second ecological structure; a third dredged soil body blown on the scattered riprap; and shellfish mixed in the third dredged soil body.

2. The novel ecological seawall foot structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The anchoring foot is one of a plain concrete structure, a reinforced concrete structure or a buried stone concrete structure.

3. The novel ecological seawall foot structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The suppression cushion layer is formed by paving bagged crushed stones, and the suppression surface protection structure is built by pouring block stones.

4. The novel ecological seawall foot structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The top elevation of the first ecological structure is near the multi-year average tide level.

5. The novel ecological seawall foot structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The submerged halophyte is one of Tripterygium wilfordii and Suaeda salsa or a combination thereof.

6. The novel ecological seawall foot structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The top elevation of the second ecological structure is near the multi-year average high tide level.

7. The novel ecological seawall foot structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The top width of the first riprap weir and / or the second riprap weir is 2m to 4m, and the weir slope is 1:

2.

8. The novel ecological seawall foot structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The reverse filter structure is a reverse filter cloth, and both ends of the reverse filter cloth are pressed inside the first riprap weir and the second riprap weir.

9. The novel ecological seawall foot structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressing length of the two ends of the reverse filter cloth is 0.5m to 1.5m.

10. The novel ecological seawall foot structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The emergent halophyte is one of reed and Imperata cylindrica or a combination thereof.

11. A construction method for a novel ecological seawall foot structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S10, using a construction vessel to construct a silt-reducing dam on the seawall beach outside the embankment foot; Step S20, constructing the seawall riprap prism, the seawall suppression platform and the stanchion footing; Step S30, constructing a first ecological structure between the silt-promoting dam and the seawall riprap prism; Step S40, constructing a second ecological structure from the top of the seawall riprap prism to the middle of the seawall suppression platform; Step S50, constructing a tidal pool structure between the second ecological structure and the town foot.

12. The construction method according to claim 11, characterized in that: In step S30, a first ecological structure is constructed between the silt-promoting dam and the seawall riprap prism, including the following steps: Step S31, filling the first dredged soil between the silt-promoting dam and the riprap prism with water; Step S32, scattering large pieces of riprap in the first dredged soil body so that the top surface elevation of the first dredged soil body is close to the multi-year average tide level; Step S33, selecting a suitable season to plant submerged halophytes on the first dredged soil.

13. The construction method according to claim 11, characterized in that: In step S40, a second ecological structure is constructed from the top of the seawall riprap prism to the middle of the seawall suppression platform, including the following steps: Step S41, constructing a first riprap weir on the outer side of the top of the seawall riprap prism, so that the top surface elevation of the first riprap weir is close to the multi-year average high tide level; Step S42, constructing a second riprap weir in the middle of the seawall suppression platform, so that the top surface elevation of the second riprap weir is close to the multi-year average high tide level; Step S43, laying an anti-filtration structure on the top of the seawall riprap prism and the middle of the seawall suppression platform and between the first riprap weir and the second riprap weir; Step S44, filling the second dredged soil mass on the filter structure with air so that the top surface elevation of the second dredged soil mass is close to the multi-year average high tide level; and Step S45, selecting a suitable season to plant emergent halophytes on the second dredged soil.

14. The construction method according to claim 11, characterized in that: In step S50, a tidal pool structure is constructed between the second ecological structure and the town foot, including the following steps: Step S51, randomly laying riprap between the foot of the town and the second ecological structure; Step S52, mixing the shellfish into the third dredged soil, and blowing the third dredged soil mixed with the shellfish onto the riprap.

Images