A metal mold

Abstract

The present invention discloses a metal mold, which includes an openable left mold and a right mold, a temperature measuring device arranged in the left mold and / or the right mold, a replaceable heating module and a cooling module arranged outside the left mold and / or the right mold, and a visual controller connected to the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module for displaying the data of the three and controlling the actions of the three. A mold cavity is formed in the left mold and the right mold, the temperature measuring device is used to measure the temperature in the mold cavity, and the cooling module and the heating module are laid on the surface of the left mold and / or the right mold for cooling and preheating the left mold and the right mold according to the measurement data of the temperature measuring device. The metal mold disclosed by the present invention makes the grains of the cast workpiece finer, and the composition and structure more uniform through the heating module, the temperature measuring device and the cooling module; and the degree of automation and visualization is high, and the defects of the obtained workpiece are significantly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mold forming, in particular to a metal mold. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of China's manufacturing industry, cast aluminum alloys have been widely used in aerospace, rail transportation, automobiles and other fields. The mold is the guarantee of aluminum alloy casting and is of great significance to aluminum alloy casting.

[0003] However, traditional molds have the following major problems during the casting process: (1) The mold temperature is difficult to control accurately and is easily affected by many uncertain factors such as the operator, ambient temperature, and air humidity, resulting in unstable quality of the cast samples; (2) The mold cooling speed cannot be adjusted and cannot adapt to the cooling rate requirements of different casting methods, and its application range is relatively narrow; (3) The mold has no temperature measurement system, cannot detect the cooling rate curve, and cannot realize intelligent data collection and data analysis. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention are intended to provide a metal mold having multiple functions and having a casting workpiece with finer grains and more uniform composition and structure.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0006] A metal mold comprises an openable left mold and a right mold, a temperature measuring device arranged in the left mold and / or the right mold, a heating module and a cooling module arranged outside the left mold and / or the right mold, and a visual controller connected to the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module for displaying data of the three and controlling the actions of the three. A mold cavity is formed in the left mold and the right mold, the temperature measuring device is used to measure the temperature in the mold cavity, and the cooling module and the heating module are laid on the surface of the left mold and / or the right mold for cooling and preheating the left mold and the right mold according to the measurement data of the temperature measuring device.

[0007] Preferably, the cooling module includes a heat sink, a cooling tube arranged in the heat sink, an expansion positioning column fixed to the outside of the heat sink, and heat shrink marbles arranged in the expansion positioning column. The side of the heat sink is fixedly connected with an inlet and outlet flow pipe connected to the cooling tube. The heat sink is fixed to the outside of the left mold and / or the right mold through the expansion positioning column. The heat shrink marbles are heated to expand the expansion positioning column.

[0008] Preferably, the cooling tube is in a honeycomb, triangular or quadrilateral form.

[0009] Preferably, the heating module comprises a heating plate, a microwave generator arranged in the heating plate, a superheat-conducting layer and a heat-conducting sheet, and a metal protective net and a shell surrounding the microwave generator, the superheat-conducting layer and the heat-conducting sheet.

[0010] Preferably, the heating module also includes a fastening device, which includes a conical rod, a spring placed in the conical rod, an expansion head connected to the end of the conical rod, a pressing cap connected to the other end of the conical rod, and a ratchet mechanism provided on the conical rod, wherein the ratchet mechanism pushes the conical rod into the outer hole of the mold to achieve self-locking, so that the expansion head penetrates into and expands in the outer hole of the mold, and fixes the heating plate to the outside of the left mold and / or the right mold through the fastening device.

[0011] Preferably, the superheat conducting layer is made of graphene material.

[0012] Preferably, there are two cooling modules and two heating modules, and the two cooling devices are symmetrically arranged outside the left mold and the right mold respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature measuring device includes a temperature sensor and a spring, one end of the spring is fixed on the left mold or the right mold, and the other end of the spring extends outward from the left mold or the right mold. A blind hole is opened on the left mold or the right mold at a position corresponding to the spring, and when the left mold and the right mold are closed, the spring is inserted into the blind hole.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a sliding drive device, which includes a driver, a screw, a nut and a pressure detection element. The pressure detection element is arranged on the left mold and / or the right mold, and the nut is fixed on the left mold or the right mold. The screw passes through the left mold or the right mold and is sleeved in the nut. The driver drives the screw to rotate to move the left mold or the right mold. The pressure detection element and the driver are both connected to the visual controller. The pressure detection element transmits data to the visual controller, and the visual controller controls the action of the driver according to the data fed back by the pressure detection element.

[0015] Preferably, the driver is a stepping motor; there are multiple pressure detection elements, and the multiple pressure detection elements are distributed at four corners of the left mold or the right mold and are arranged away from the mold cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the heat shrink marbles are made of zinc alloy or tin alloy; and the expansion positioning columns are made of aluminum alloy.

[0017] Preferably, there are two sliding drive devices, which are symmetrically arranged on the left mold and the right mold respectively.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the metal mold provided by the embodiment of the present invention are:

[0019] (1) The temperature in the mold cavity is measured by a temperature measuring device to detect the temperature in the mold in real time, and the data is transmitted to the visual controller, so that the internal temperature value of the mold can be clearly known, which can not only help the staff understand the changes in the internal temperature value of the mold, but also the cooling module laid on the surface of the left mold and / or the right mold can realize rapid and uniform cooling of the entire mold according to the detection data of the temperature measuring device, thereby reducing defects such as shrinkage cavities and looseness of the casting. Compared with the traditional mold, the resulting casting has finer grains, more uniform composition and structure, and avoids the uneven cooling temperature of the mold during the mold cooling process in the traditional technology, which may cause casting defects such as cracks and segregation;

[0020] (2) heating the left mold and the right mold by a heating module according to the temperature detected by the temperature measuring device to achieve preheating, so that the mold reaches a preset temperature before casting, thereby reducing the effects of shrinkage cavities and looseness of the casting caused by uneven cooling;

[0021] (3) The visual controller controls and understands the parameters of the product molding process in real time according to the data displayed by the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling device, and performs further analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the metal mold provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the left mold or the right mold shown;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the heat sink shown;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heating module;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heating module;

[0027] Figure 6 A drawing of a workpiece cast by an existing mold;

[0028] Figure 7 A workpiece cast by using the metal mold provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 A magnified image of a workpiece cast by an existing mold under a microscope;

[0030] Fig. 9 The present invention is an enlarged view of a workpiece cast by the metal mold provided by the present invention under a microscope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1-Figure 9 . The metal mold is used for casting and forming metal workpieces such as aluminum alloys. The metal mold includes an openable left mold 6 and a right mold 5, a temperature measuring device arranged in the left mold 6 and / or the right mold 5, a heating module and a cooling module 7 arranged outside the left mold 6 and / or the right mold 5, and a visual controller 9 connected to the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module 9 for displaying the data of the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module 9 and controlling the actions of the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module 9. The visual controller 9 controls and understands the parameters of the product molding process in real time according to the data displayed by the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling device 7, and can make further analysis based on the parameters. Various intelligent functions have been added, the operation process is simple and easy, the degree of automation is high, the degree of data visualization is high, and the defects of the obtained castings are significantly reduced.

[0033] The left mold 6 and the right mold 5 form a mold cavity 14, and the aluminum alloy solution is injected into the mold cavity 14 from the pouring port 8 to form a workpiece. The left mold 6 and the right mold 5 are two detachable and closable molds.

[0034] The temperature measuring device is used to measure the temperature in the mold cavity 14. Preferably, the temperature measuring device is arranged on the left mold 6 or the right mold 5. Specifically, the temperature measuring device includes a temperature sensor 13 connected to the visual controller 9, and a spring 12 fixed on the opposite side of the two molds. One end of the spring 12 is fixed on the left mold 6 or the right mold 5, and the other end of the spring 12 extends outward from the left mold 6 or the right mold 5. A blind hole is opened at a position corresponding to the spring 12 on the left mold 6 or the right mold 5. When the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 are closed, the spring 12 is inserted into the blind hole.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, four temperature measuring devices are provided, and the temperature sensors 13 are respectively wound on the springs 12 of the left mold 6, and are symmetrically distributed beside the maximum casting flow rate and the end of the casting flow. When the mold is closed, the temperature sensor 13 will contact the blind hole of the right mold 12, and the temperature sensor 13 will contact and sense the temperature in the mold cavity 12, monitor the temperature of the mold in real time and display the temperature on the visual controller 9. During casting, the temperature values ​​of the four temperature sensors 13 differ by less than or equal to 3°C, ensuring the consistency of the mold temperature during the casting process. Further, the temperature sensor 13 is one of a thermocouple, a thermistor or a thermal resistor. The materials of the temperature sensor 13 mainly include insulating materials, protective tubes and junction boxes, hot electrodes and copper oxide, etc. The temperature measurement range of the temperature sensor 13 is required to be 0-1100°C, the temperature measurement error is less than 0.1°C, and the diameter is 0.5mm~8.0mm.

[0036] The heating module is used to heat the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 to preheat them. The heating module includes a heating plate 21, a microwave generator 29 arranged in the heating plate 21, a superheat-conducting layer 30 and a heat-conducting sheet 31, a metal protective net 28 and a shell 27 surrounding the microwave generator 29, the superheat-conducting layer 30 and the heat-conducting sheet 31, and a fastening device fixed to the heating plate 21. Specifically, the superheat-conducting layer 30 is made of graphene, and the heat-conducting sheet is a copper sheet. The heating plate 21 absorbs the microwaves generated by the microwave generator through graphene, uses the graphene as a heat source with uniform temperature, and transmits heat to the mold with the copper sheet as the medium. The heating plate 21 is fixed to the outside of the left mold and / or the right mold through the fastening device. The microwave generator 29 is connected to the visual controller, and the visual controller 9 controls the start and stop of the heating module.

[0037] The heating plate 21 is fixed to the outside of the left mold and / or the right mold by the fastening device to realize fast and accurate preheating of the mold, so that the mold reaches a preset temperature before casting, thereby raising the temperature inside the mold to be close to the temperature of the solution, which can reduce defects such as shrinkage cavities and looseness of the casting. Further, in order to ensure fast and accurate preheating of the processing mold, super thermally conductive graphene materials are selected to absorb microwaves emitted by the microwave generator, and the heat is transmitted to the mold through a copper sheet with a large thermal conductivity as a medium.

[0038] The fastening device includes a conical rod 22, a spring 25 placed in the conical rod 22, an expansion head 23 connected to the end of the conical rod, a pressing cap 26 connected to the other end of the conical rod 22, and a ratchet mechanism 24 provided on the conical rod 22. When the expansion head 23 penetrates into the outer hole of the left mold and / or the right mold, the pressing cap 26 at the end of the conical rod 22 is pressed to push the cap ratchet mechanism 24 to rotate and make the pushed conical rod 22 self-locking, so that the conical part of the conical rod 22 is pushed forward to expand the expansion head 23 and fix the heating plate 21 to the outside of the left mold and / or the right mold. After pressing the pressing cap at the end of the conical rod 22 again, under the action of the spring 25, the ratchet mechanism 24 and the conical rod 22 are restored, and the heating plate 21 outside the left mold and / or the right mold falls off, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly.

[0039] It should be noted that the superconducting layer 30 in the heating module is not limited to graphene material, but can be any material that can absorb microwaves and has good thermal conductivity. The thermal conductive sheet is not limited to copper sheet, but can be any material that can reflect microwaves and has good thermal conductivity.

[0040] The cooling module 9 is laid on the surface of the left mold 6 and / or the right mold 5 to cool the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 .

[0041] The cooling device 9 includes a heat sink 19, a cooling pipe 20 arranged in the heat sink 19, an expansion positioning column 19 fixed outside the heat sink, and a heat shrinking marble 18 arranged in the expansion positioning column 19. The side of the heat sink 21 is fixedly connected with an inlet and outlet flow pipe 17 connected to the cooling pipe 18. The heat sink 19 is fixed to the outside of the left mold 6 and / or the right mold 5 through the expansion positioning column 17. The heat shrinking marble 16 is heated to expand the expansion positioning column 17. The heat sink 19 is fixed by pressing the expansion positioning column 17 on the heat sink 19 into the mold, so that the heat sink 19 is completely attached to the entire outer wall surface of the mold, achieving rapid and uniform cooling of the entire mold, and reducing the effects of shrinkage cavities and looseness caused by uneven cooling of the casting. When the mold temperature increases, the heat shrinking marble 18 inside the expansion positioning column 17 is heated and enlarged, so that the expansion positioning column 17 expands and fits closely to the inner wall of the mold opening, thereby fixing the heat sink 19. When the heat sink completes the cooling work on the left mold and / or the right mold, the heat shrink marble 16 is restored and the heat sink can be easily removed. The heat shrink marble 16 can be made of alloy metals with large thermal expansion coefficients such as zinc alloy and tin alloy, and the expansion positioning column 17 can be made of alloy metals with large elastic modulus such as aluminum alloy.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cooling pipe 18 is in a honeycomb, triangular or quadrilateral form.

[0043] The inlet and outlet pipes 15 include an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe for the cooling medium, and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the heat sink 19. Control valves for controlling the opening and closing of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are installed on the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

[0044] There are two cooling devices 7, and the two cooling devices 7 are symmetrically arranged outside the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 respectively. The cooling pipe 18 is a round tube or a square tube, and the specific size can be selected according to different molds. The arrangement method adopts a cross-close arrangement, and there are gaps between the pipes. The layout shape of the cooling pipe 18 is a polygon such as a honeycomb, a triangle, and a quadrilateral form, which is more conducive to heat dissipation. The material of the cooling pipe 18 is made of a high thermal conductivity material such as a copper sheet, and a cooling medium is passed through it. A high thermal conductivity heat sink is closely attached to the top of the cooling pipe 18, and the heat generated during the mold casting process is transferred to the cooling medium through this heat sink, and the heat is taken away by the cooling medium by convection heat exchange. The cooling medium can be selected according to different cooling rates, discharged from the cooling medium inlet, and discharged from the cooling medium outlet. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cooling medium is water.

[0045] In another embodiment, the metal mold also includes a sliding drive device, which includes a driver 1, a screw rod 4, a nut 3 and a pressure detection element. The pressure detection element is arranged on the left mold 6 and / or the right mold 5, and the nut 3 is fixed on the left mold 6 or the right mold 5. The screw rod 4 passes through the mounting hole 10 opened on the left mold 6 or the right mold 5 and is sleeved in the nut 3. The driver 1 drives the screw rod 4 to rotate to move the left mold 6 or the right mold 5. The pressure detection element and the driver 1 are both connected to the visual controller 9. The pressure detection element transmits data to the visual controller 9, and the visual controller 11 controls the action of the driver 1 according to the data fed back by the pressure detection element. The sliding drive device controls the opening and closing of the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 by controlling the rotation of the screw rod 4. The opening and closing of the mold is stable and easy, which significantly reduces the labor intensity of researchers and subsequent processing costs, improves production efficiency and yield rate, and avoids the defects of the traditional technology of using cylinders as power sources and cooperating with wedge mechanisms to clamp the mold. The wedge block in the traditional technology uses friction to achieve self-locking, has low clamping force, low efficiency, and requires high quality of the surface of the parts, which limits the scope of use of the device. When the cylinder is pushing the piston to move, the stability is poor, the working speed is greatly affected by the change of external load, and it is difficult to control. It will also generate a lot of noise in the operation site, which is not conducive to the work of the operator.

[0046] The driver 1 is a stepper motor; the stepper motor is fixed on the outer wall of the two molds through the base 2. There are two stepper motors. The base 2 of the stepper motor fixes the stepper motor mirror image at the upper and lower diagonal positions of the left and right molds. The stepper motor drives the screw 4, so that the nut 3 fixed on the mold drives the two molds to accurately transmit in the opposite or opposite directions, so as to realize the opening and closing of the two molds. Further, the preload force realized by this mechanism is stably maintained by the self-locking principle of the screw 4 to ensure the safety of the casting process. With the stepper motor as the source power, the driver drives the screw 4 to rotate, so that the nut 3 fixed on the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 drives the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 to accurately transmit in the same or opposite directions respectively, so as to realize the closing and separation of the left mold 6 and the right mold 5, wherein the preload force is stably maintained by the self-locking principle of the screw 4, and the accurate value of the preload force is measured by the pressure detection element. The pressure detection element transmits the measured data to the visual controller 9, and the visual controller 9 controls the start and stop of the driver 1 according to the pressure value.

[0047] It should be pointed out that the preload force of the mold can be stably maintained through the self-locking principle of the screw rod 4, ensuring the safety of the casting process and making it more reliable.

[0048] It should be noted that in order to accurately control the preload, a controllable stepper motor is used to drive the motor. The stepper motor is small in size and can be directly controlled without other sensors. It has a simple structure, reliable operation, low price, and easy maintenance. The transmission torque is also relatively large, the noise is low, and it is more environmentally friendly to use indoors. Furthermore, in order to meet the requirements of the opening and closing of the aluminum alloy tensile specimen in the design task, the static torque K of the motor is not less than 20N·m, the torque of the screw 4 is not less than 10N·m, and the diameter d of the screw 4 is not less than 10mm. From the formula T=K·F·d, it can be obtained that the theoretical preload T between the two molds will not be less than 4500N.

[0049] Specifically, there are multiple pressure detection elements. Preferably, there are four pressure detection elements, which are distributed at the four corners of the left mold 6 or the right mold 5 and are set away from the mold cavity 14. Preferably, in this embodiment, the pressure detection device is placed at the mold closing point of the aluminum alloy casting left mold 6 and the aluminum alloy casting right mold 5. When the molds are closed, the inner wall of the mold presses the pressure detection device to evaluate the sealing degree of the two molds; the pressure detection device is connected to the pressure control circuit, and the pressure sensor timely feeds back the preload force precisely controlled by the screw rod 4 mechanism to the controller 9, and the controller 9 converts the analog quantity into a digital quantity. When the digital quantity reaches the preload force specified by the engineer, it converts the digital quantity into an analog quantity and transmits it to the stepper motor, and the stepper motor stops rotating. Furthermore, engineers can observe the changes in the mold pressure value during the casting process in real time, which can effectively help engineers understand the product molding quality and realize the automated mold closing process.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the heat shrink marbles 16 are made of zinc alloy or tin alloy. The zinc alloy or tin alloy expands when the temperature rises, causing the entire volume to increase. The volume of several of the heat shrink marbles 16 increases, thereby expanding the volume of the expansion positioning column 16.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, the expansion positioning column 17 is made of aluminum alloy. Similarly, the expansion positioning column 17 made of aluminum alloy can expand when heated and expand together with the heat shrink marble 16, so as to be fixed with the left mold 6 and the right mold 5.

[0052] Specifically, there are two sliding drive devices, which are symmetrically arranged at two diagonal outlets of the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 respectively.

[0053] The method of using the metal mold is: ① preparation, ② setting parameters, ③ casting, ④ completion. Prepare the aluminum alloy metal melt required for mold casting in advance, paint the inner walls of the left mold 6 and the right mold 5, let the screw 4 slightly screw into the nut 3, fill the cooling pipe with cooling medium in advance, and start the heating module to heat the left mold 6 and the right mold 5, place them on a horizontal plane and let them stand for a while to wait for the paint to dry; after drying, align the heating plate with the outer hole on the left mold and / or the right mold, press the pressing cap at the end of the conical rod to fix the heating plate; then the visual controller 9 Set the relevant parameters of the metal mold such as preload (0-500N), mold preheating temperature (0-200℃), mold opening temperature (10℃-60℃), etc. After entering the set mold related parameters into the program, press the visual controller 9, the stepper motor starts, and the stepper motor drives the screw 4 to rotate. The nut 3 fixed on the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 moves relatively precisely with the mold, so that the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 are combined to reach the preload specified by the pressure detection device. The self-locking phenomenon of the screw 4 maintains the preload. After that, the heating module heats and the temperature measuring device detects the temperature. The two work together to achieve fast and accurate preheating of the mold. After the preheating is completed, the computer connected to the visual controller 9 will prompt that the mold casting can be carried out. Press the pressing cap at the end of the conical rod again to release the heating plate and switch to the cooling plate. The operation method is as above. The operator pours the prepared aluminum alloy melt from the pouring port 8 into the mold cavity 14. The casting temperature of aluminum alloy is usually in the range of 690℃-800℃. The temperature measuring device detects the rapid increase of the mold temperature, and the control valve of the cooling pipe 18 is opened to achieve precise cooling of the mold. When the mold is cooled to the mold opening temperature, the visual controller 9 controls the stepper motor to operate again according to the data fed back by the temperature measuring device, and the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 begin to move away from each other, realizing automatic mold opening, taking out the casting, and completing the mold casting process.

[0054] The present invention manufactures an aluminum alloy tensile specimen mold whose aluminum alloy casting material is A1-0.2Fe+0.2Ce as a specific embodiment. The outer wall shape of the mold is a cuboid of 300mm*100mm*260mm. The total length of the aluminum alloy tensile specimen cast in the mold cavity is 172mm, the clamping end length is 38mm, the diameter is φ20mm, the pulling interval length is 96mm, and the diameter is 13mm. Two aluminum alloy tensile specimens can be cast at one time. In the mold, a temperature sensor is set as a K-type thermocouple temperature measuring line, the model is 2*1.5, the material is Teflon, the measurement temperature range is 0-1100℃, the positive electrode is nickel silicon, and the negative electrode is nickel chromium. The cooling medium is water, the cooling pipe 20 is a square copper pipe, the pipe width is 6mm, the height is 25mm, the interval is 15mm, the minimum turbulent velocity is 0.963m / s, and the cooling rate is not less than 300℃ / s. First, set the specified preload force of 500N, mold preheating temperature of 200℃, and mold opening temperature of 50℃ on the computer, and then the program will run completely autonomously: the stepper motor is started by the visual controller 9, and the stepper motor drives the screw 4 to rotate. The nut 3 fixed on the mold moves relatively precisely with the mold, so that the two molds are combined to reach the preload force of 500N specified by the pressure detection device, and the self-locking phenomenon of the screw 4 maintains the preload force; the prepared A1-0.2Fe+0.2Ce alloy metal melt is poured into the mold, and the temperature sensor 13 detects the rapid increase in the mold temperature. The cooling medium control valve opens to achieve precise cooling of the mold. When the cooling reaches the mold opening temperature of 50℃, the stepper motor operates again, and the two molds begin to move in opposite directions to achieve automatic mold opening. This process is the method of using the aluminum alloy metal mold intelligent mold, which completes the precise control of the mold temperature and cooling speed, and completely eliminates the manual mold opening and sampling process.

[0055] The aluminum alloy tensile specimens prepared by the present invention are compared with those prepared by conventional molds under the same casting conditions. Figure 6 , Figure 7 The tensile specimens prepared by the present invention have a smoother and cleaner appearance, and no casting defects such as inclusions, pores, cracks, etc. are produced; further, metallographic photographs of the two tensile specimens are obtained, as described Figure 8 , Fig. 9 The casting obtained by the present invention has finer grains, more uniform composition and structure, and no casting defects such as segregation and holes are generated.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the metal mold provided by the embodiment of the present invention are:

[0057] (1) The temperature in the mold cavity is measured by a temperature measuring device to detect the temperature in the mold in real time, and the data is transmitted to the visual controller, so that the internal temperature value of the mold can be clearly known, which can not only help the staff understand the changes in the internal temperature value of the mold, but also the cooling module and heating module laid on the surface of the left mold and / or the right mold can realize the rapid and uniform cooling and preheating of the mold after the entire workpiece is formed according to the detection data of the temperature measuring device, thereby reducing defects such as shrinkage cavities and looseness of the casting. Compared with the traditional mold, the resulting casting has finer grains and more uniform composition and structure, avoiding the uneven cooling temperature of the mold during the mold cooling process in the traditional technology, which may cause casting defects such as cracks and segregation;

[0058] (2) heating the left mold and the right mold by a heating module according to the temperature detected by the temperature measuring device to achieve preheating, so that the mold reaches a preset temperature before casting, thereby reducing the effects of shrinkage cavities and looseness of the casting caused by uneven cooling;

[0059] (3) The visual controller controls and understands the parameters of the product molding process in real time according to the data displayed by the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module, and makes further analysis.

[0060] (4) The present invention proposes two new heating modules and cooling modules, which are fast and uniform during heating and cooling and can be fixed on other molds and in various occasions.

[0061] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A metal mold, characterized in that: It comprises an openable left mold and a right mold, a temperature measuring device arranged in the left mold and / or the right mold, a heating module and a cooling module arranged outside the left mold and / or the right mold, and a visual controller connected to the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module for displaying data of the three and controlling the actions of the three, wherein a mold cavity is formed in the left mold and the right mold, the temperature measuring device is used to measure the temperature in the mold cavity, and the cooling module and the heating module are laid on the outer surface of the left mold and / or the right mold for cooling and preheating the left mold and the right mold according to the measurement data of the temperature measuring device; The cooling module includes a heat sink, a cooling tube arranged in the heat sink, an expansion positioning column fixed outside the heat sink, and a heat shrink marble arranged in the expansion positioning column. The side of the heat sink is fixedly connected with an inlet and outlet flow pipe connected to the cooling tube. The heat sink is fixed to the outside of the left mold and / or the right mold through the expansion positioning column. There are two cooling modules, which are symmetrically arranged outside the left mold and the right mold respectively. The heat shrink marble is heated to expand the expansion positioning column. The heating module comprises a heating plate, a microwave generator arranged in the heating plate, a superheat-conducting layer and a heat-conducting sheet, and a metal protective net and a shell surrounding the microwave generator, the superheat-conducting layer and the heat-conducting sheet; The heating module also includes a fastening device, which includes a tapered rod, a spring placed in the tapered rod, an expansion head connected to the end of the tapered rod, a pressing cap connected to the other end of the tapered rod, and a ratchet mechanism arranged on the tapered rod. The ratchet mechanism pushes the tapered rod into the outer hole of the mold to achieve self-locking, so that the expansion head penetrates into and expands in the outer hole of the mold, and the heating plate is fixed to the outside of the left mold and / or the right mold through the fastening device.

2. The metal mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling tube is in a honeycomb shape, a triangle shape or a quadrilateral shape.

3. The metal mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The superheat conducting layer is made of graphene material.

4. The metal mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature measuring device includes a temperature sensor and a spring, one end of the spring is fixed on the left mold or the right mold, and the other end of the spring extends outward from the left mold or the right mold. A blind hole is opened at a position corresponding to the spring on the left mold or the right mold. When the left mold and the right mold are closed, the spring is inserted into the blind hole, and the temperature sensor is wound around the spring.

5. The metal mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sliding drive device, which includes a driver, a screw, a nut and a pressure detection element. The pressure detection element is arranged on the left mold and / or the right mold, the nut is fixed on the left mold or the right mold, the screw passes through the left mold or the right mold and is sleeved in the nut, the driver drives the screw to rotate to move the left mold or the right mold, the pressure detection element and the driver are both connected to the visual controller, the pressure detection element transmits data to the visual controller, and the visual controller controls the action of the driver according to the data fed back by the pressure detection element.

6. The metal mold according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driver is a stepping motor; there are multiple pressure detection elements, which are distributed at four corners of the left mold or the right mold and are far away from the mold cavity.

7. The metal mold according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are two sliding drive devices, which are symmetrically arranged on the left mold and the right mold respectively.

Images