An adjustment tool for efficient finishing of bevel gear and worm tooth surfaces

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adjustment tool for efficiently finishing bevel gears and worm gear tooth surfaces, comprising a tool shaft and a gear shaft, one end of the gear shaft is fixedly connected to the bevel gear or worm gear to be processed, a middle section of the gear shaft is externally sleeved with a bearing support, an upper end of the bearing support is fixedly connected to a first fixing plate, the whole tool is hung on a tool disk, a centrifugal roller finishing machine barrel drives abrasive to form an abrasive flow, the tool disk speed of the finishing machine is adjusted to 0, and its height is adjusted so that all the gear teeth below the axis of the bevel gear or worm gear are immersed in the abrasive, and then the telescopic amount of the electric expander is adjusted so that the top surface of the bevel gear or worm gear teeth is parallel to the horizontal plane, at this time, the abrasive can be used to finish the tooth surface of the bottom gear teeth, and at the same time, the motor is started to make the bevel gear shaft or worm gear shaft slowly rotate around its axis, thereby achieving uniform processing of the tooth surface distributed on the circumference of the entire bevel gear or worm gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field related to processing tools, and in particular relates to an adjustment tool for high-efficiency finishing of bevel gears and worm tooth surfaces. Background Art

[0002] When traditional centrifugal barrel finishing equipment is used to process gears and other disc-type parts, the gears and other disc-type parts are installed with their axes parallel to the barrel axis. During finishing, the abrasive flow rotates with the barrel, and the streamlines formed by the abrasive flow rotate around the barrel axis, while the part being processed rotates in the opposite direction. The relative motion between the two causes the abrasive flow to enter the tooth grooves, producing a finishing effect on the gear tooth surfaces. For worm shafts and small-bevel bevel gears, since the tooth direction gradually narrows from the large end to the small end, the tooth width gradually decreases. Therefore, the abrasive flow rotates around the barrel axis, producing a finishing effect on the tooth top surface. At the same time, due to the diversion effect of the tooth groove, the abrasive flow flows in the tooth groove, thereby producing a certain finishing effect on the tooth surface. However, since the abrasive entering the tooth groove and processing it along the tooth groove, the speed inertia generated by the abrasive itself rotating around the axis and the combined speed along the tooth groove caused by the tooth groove diversion is much lower than the original speed around the barrel axis, the processing effect is significantly reduced.

[0003] The existing centrifugal roller finishing equipment mainly relies on the relative movement between the abrasive, which forms an abrasive flow under the drive of the barrel, and the surface of the workpiece to produce a micro-cutting effect on the workpiece surface, thereby achieving surface processing; Figure 1 The figure shows a simplified diagram of the gear machining motion performed by conventional barrel finishing equipment. The solid arrows in the figure indicate the direction of rotation of the bevel gear or worm, while the dashed arrows indicate the direction of abrasive flow. However, when the relative motion between the abrasive and the work surface is perpendicular, or even when the structure of the work surface causes the relative motion speed to decrease, the machining effect is significantly reduced. In such cases, the traditional approach is to increase the machining time to achieve the desired machining result. However, for parts such as gears, when the desired surface finish is achieved after increasing the machining time, other areas may be over-machined, damaging the gear tooth profile or other key parameters, thereby affecting the meshing state and transmission accuracy of the worm or bevel gear in the transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustment tool for efficiently finishing bevel gears and worm tooth surfaces, so as to solve the problems of uneven abrasives, increased processing time and impact on gear transmission accuracy proposed in the above background technology.

[0005] According to the principles of finishing, the best finishing results are achieved when the abrasive flow velocity is aligned with the surface being machined, as the relative velocity between the two is the highest. Therefore, to improve the finishing results of worm shafts and bevel gears, it is necessary to adjust the angle between the worm shaft or bevel gear axis and the barrel axis during finishing, taking into account the worm tooth direction or the bevel gear taper angle. This ensures that the tooth groove direction is aligned with the abrasive flow direction, thereby enhancing the finishing effect.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an adjustment tool for efficiently finishing bevel gear and worm tooth surfaces, comprising a tool shaft and a gear shaft, one end of the gear shaft being fixedly connected to the bevel gear or worm to be processed, a bearing support being sleeved on the outer portion of the middle section of the gear shaft, a first fixing plate being fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing support, a driving device being mounted on the first fixing plate and perpendicular to the axial direction of the gear shaft, and a transmission assembly being provided in the bearing support for cooperating with the driving device to rotate the gear shaft;

[0007] One end of the tooling shaft is hinged to the first fixed plate, and one side of the tooling shaft is provided with an electric expander parallel to the axial direction of the tooling shaft. The electric expander is fixedly mounted on the second fixed plate, and one end of the second fixed plate is hinged to the tooling shaft. The expansion amount is adjusted by the electric expander so that the tooth top surface of the bevel gear or worm to be processed at the end of the gear shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane, thereby realizing the finishing processing of the bottom tooth surface of the bevel gear or worm to be processed by the abrasive, and at the same time, cooperating with the driving device, the bevel gear or worm to be processed is slowly rotated around the axis of the gear shaft, thereby realizing uniform processing of the tooth surface distributed on the circumference of the entire bevel gear or worm to be processed.

[0008] Preferably, the driving device includes a motor fixedly mounted on the first fixed plate, the motor is fixedly connected to its output shaft via a micro coupling, a small bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor, and a controller for adjusting the motor speed is installed on the motor.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a large bevel gear and a transmission bearing, the large bevel gear is rotatably connected to the bearing support through the transmission bearing, and the large bevel gear is meshed with the small bevel gear.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission bearing includes an inner roller, an outer ring and an inner ring, a circle of annular grooves is opened on the circumferential outer wall of the inner ring, the inner rollers are evenly distributed in the annular grooves, and the outer ring is arranged on the outside of the inner ring and confines the inner rollers in the annular grooves.

[0011] Preferably, a bearing cover is sleeved on the outer wall of the gear shaft, and a plurality of first screw holes distributed in an annular manner are opened on the outer wall of the bearing cover. The bearing cover is inserted into the first screw holes from the outside to the inside by screws, so that the bearing cover is installed on the outer ring of the transmission bearing.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of annularly distributed second screw holes are opened on the circumferential outer wall of the outer ring, and the outer ring is inserted into the second screw holes from the outside to the inside by screws, so that the outer ring is fixedly connected to the bearing support.

[0013] Preferably, the electric telescopic device includes a cylinder, which is fixed on the second fixed plate, and a telescopic rod is slidably connected inside the cylinder. The lower end of the telescopic rod is hinged with a ring, and the ring is mounted on the gear shaft. The ring and the bearing support are both rotatably connected to the gear shaft through a cross roller bearing.

[0014] Preferably, the inner ring of the cross roller bearing is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the transmission bearing, and a three-jaw chuck is connected to the end face of the inner ring of the cross roller bearing by bolts, and the other end of the inner ring of the transmission bearing is fixedly connected to the large bevel gear, which can realize secondary fixation of the bevel gear shaft or worm shaft to be processed, and improve the rigidity of the tooling for fixing the bevel gear shaft or worm shaft.

[0015] Compared with the existing bevel gear and worm tooth surface finishing technology, the present invention provides an adjustment tool for high-efficiency finishing of bevel gear and worm tooth surfaces, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention hangs the entire tooling on the tooling plate, and the centrifugal roller finishing machine barrel drives the abrasive to form an abrasive flow. The finishing machine tooling plate speed is adjusted to 0, and its height is adjusted so that the gear teeth below the axis of the bevel gear or worm are all immersed in the abrasive. Then, the extension amount of the electric expander is adjusted so that the top surface of the bevel gear or worm tooth is parallel to the horizontal plane. At this time, the abrasive can be used to finish the tooth surface of the bottom gear tooth. At the same time, the motor is started to slowly rotate the bevel gear shaft or worm shaft around its axis, thereby achieving uniform processing of the tooth surface distributed around the entire circumference of the bevel gear or worm.

[0017] 2. The tooling of the present invention not only avoids the problem that the abrasive flow is perpendicular to the tooth surface when the bevel gear or worm is installed vertically in the traditional centrifugal barrel finishing equipment, resulting in low relative cutting force and inability to effectively process bevel gears or worms with small taper angles, but also realizes that the abrasive enters from the large end of the tooth groove and flows out from the small end. The abrasive flows along the tooth surface to generate tangential cutting force, thereby improving the processing effect, overcoming the defect that the traditional centrifugal barrel finishing machine cannot effectively process bevel gears and worms, and expanding the application range of centrifugal barrel finishing equipment;

[0018] 3. The present invention improves the tooling to Figure 1The relative position relationship between the tooling shaft and the bevel gear or worm axis is changed, so that the abrasive flow flows in from the large end along the bevel gear or worm tooth groove and flows out from the small end. At this time, the abrasive flow direction is exactly cut into the tooth surface, so the cutting force is maximized and the surface processing effect is best.

[0019] 4. The present invention uses a crossed roller bearing to rotationally connect the transmission bearing in the bearing support with the gear shaft, and adds a three-jaw chuck structure on the inner ring end face of the crossed roller bearing, which can fix the bevel gear shaft or worm shaft to be processed, so that the gear shaft can rotate with the transmission relationship between the large bevel gear and the small bevel gear. At the same time, due to the nature of the crossed roller bearing itself, it can withstand loads in all directions, and can then rotate to a certain angle with the angle of the gear shaft, satisfying the adjustment of the tooth top surface of the bevel gear or worm to be processed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of gear processing using traditional barrel finishing equipment;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of an adjustment tool for high-efficiency finishing of bevel gears and worm tooth surfaces proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic side view of the structure of an adjustment tool for high-efficiency finishing of bevel gears and worm tooth surfaces proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-jaw chuck structure in direction A proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 The present invention proposes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the local section at point B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 1 Middle: 1. Tooling plate; 2. Tooling shaft; 3. Bevel gear to be machined;

[0027] Figure 2-Figure 4:1. Tooling shaft; 2. Driving device; 3. Bevel gear or worm to be processed; 4. Gear shaft; 5. Transmission assembly; 6. First fixed plate; 7. Electric telescopic device; 8. Second fixed plate; 9. Bearing support; 10. Cross roller bearing; 21. Motor; 22. Controller; 23. Small bevel gear; 24. Miniature coupling; 41. Bearing cover; 51. Large bevel gear; 52. Transmission bearing; 521. Inner roller; 522. Outer ring; 523. Inner ring; 5221. First screw hole; 5222. Second screw hole; 71. Cylinder; 72. Telescopic rod; 73. Ring; 101. Three-jaw chuck. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 2-Figure 5 The present invention provides a technical solution: an adjustment tool for high-efficiency finishing of bevel gears and worm gear tooth surfaces, comprising a tool shaft 1 and a gear shaft 4, one end of the gear shaft 4 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear or worm gear 3 to be processed, a bearing support 9 is sleeved on the middle section of the gear shaft 4, the upper end of the bearing support 9 is fixedly connected to a first fixing plate 6, a driving device 2 is mounted on the first fixing plate 6 and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the gear shaft 4, the driving device 2 comprises a motor 21 fixedly mounted on the first fixing plate 6, and the motor 21 is connected to the first fixing plate 6 through a micro coupling 24. The output shaft is fixedly connected, and a small bevel gear 23 is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor 21. A controller 22 for adjusting the speed of the motor 21 is installed on the motor 21. The small bevel gear 23 is driven to rotate by the motor 21, and then acts on the gear shaft 4 through the transmission assembly 5, driving the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed at the end of the gear shaft 4 to rotate, and cooperates with the loading barrel to perform abrasive processing on the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed. A controller 22 for adjusting the speed of the motor 21 is installed on the motor 21, and the speed of the gear shaft 4 can be adjusted according to the grinding needs.

[0030] It should be noted that a transmission assembly 5 is provided in the bearing support 9 for cooperating with the driving device 2 to rotate the gear shaft 4. The transmission assembly 5 includes a large bevel gear 51 and a transmission bearing 52. The large bevel gear 51 is rotatably connected to the bearing support 9 through the transmission bearing 52. The large bevel gear 51 is meshed with the small bevel gear 23, so that the large bevel gear 51 rotates through the meshing relationship between the large bevel gear 51 and the small bevel gear 23, thereby driving the gear shaft 4 to rotate synchronously.

[0031] It is worth noting that the transmission bearing 52 includes an inner roller 521, an outer ring 522 and an inner ring 523. A circle of annular grooves is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the inner ring 523. The inner rollers 521 are evenly distributed in the annular grooves. The outer ring 522 is sleeved on the outside of the inner ring 523 and limits the inner rollers 521 in the annular grooves. A bearing cover 41 is sleeved on the outer wall of the gear shaft 4. A plurality of annularly distributed first screw holes 5221 are provided on the outer wall of the bearing cover 41. The bearing cover 41 is penetrated from the outside to the inside by screws. The outer ring 522 is provided with a plurality of annular second screw holes 5222, and the outer ring 522 is inserted into the second screw holes 5222 from the outside to the inside by screws, so that the outer ring 522 is fixedly connected to the bearing support 9, so that the gear shaft 4 can rotate synchronously with the large bevel gear 51 on the inner ring 523, and the outer ring 522 is integrally connected to the bearing support 9, and can remain fixed when the gear shaft 4 rotates.

[0032] It should be noted that one end of the tooling shaft 1 is hinged to the first fixed plate 6, and one side of the tooling shaft 1 is provided with an electric telescopic device 7 parallel to the axial direction of the tooling shaft 1. The electric telescopic device 7 includes a cylinder 71, which is fixed to the second fixed plate 8. A telescopic rod 72 is slidably connected inside the cylinder 71, and a collar 73 is hinged at the lower end of the telescopic rod 72. The collar 73 is sleeved on the gear shaft 4. The collar 73 and the bearing support 9 are both rotatably connected to the gear shaft 4 through a cross roller bearing 10. The inner ring of the cross roller bearing 10 is fixedly connected to the inner ring 523 of the transmission bearing 52, and a three-jaw chuck 101 is bolted to the end face of the inner ring of the cross roller bearing 10. The other end of the inner ring 523 on the transmission bearing 52 is fixedly connected to the large bevel gear 51. By adding the three-jaw chuck 101 structure, the bevel gear shaft to be processed can be fixed. The gear shaft 4 rotates with the transmission relationship between the large bevel gear 51 and the small bevel gear 23. At the same time, due to the nature of the cross roller bearing 10 itself, it can withstand loads in all directions, and then can rotate to a certain angle with the angle of the gear shaft 4, to meet the adjustment of the tooth top surface of the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed. The electric telescopic device 7 is fixedly installed on the second fixed plate 8, and one end of the second fixed plate 8 is hinged to the tooling shaft 1. The telescopic amount is adjusted by the electric telescopic device 7 so that the tooth top surface of the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed at the end of the gear shaft 4 is parallel to the horizontal plane, thereby realizing the abrasive finishing of the bottom tooth surface of the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed, and at the same time, cooperating with the driving device 2, the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed is slowly rotated around the axis of the gear shaft 4, thereby realizing uniform processing of the tooth surface distributed on the circumference of the entire bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed.

[0033] The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: when in use, the whole set of tooling is hung on the tooling disk, the centrifugal roller finishing machine barrel drives the abrasive to form an abrasive flow, the finishing machine tooling disk speed is adjusted to 0, and the height of the gear shaft 4 is adjusted so that the gear teeth below the axis of the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed at the end of the gear shaft 4 are all immersed in the abrasive, and then the telescopic amount of the electric retractor 7 is adjusted to push or stretch the gear shaft 4. Since the gear shaft 4 is limited by the three-jaw chuck 101 structure on the bearing pressure cover 41 installed on the cross roller bearings 10 at both ends, the tooth top surface of the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the abrasive can be treated at this time. The tooth surface of the bottom gear of the bevel gear or worm 3 is finished, and the motor 21 is started at the same time. The small bevel gear 23 is driven to rotate by the motor 21, and the large bevel gear 51 is rotated through the meshing relationship between the large bevel gear 51 and the small bevel gear 23, so that the large bevel gear 51 rotates, so that the gear shaft 4 rotates synchronously with the large bevel gear 51 on the inner ring 523, and the outer ring 522 is integrally connected with the bearing support 9, and can remain fixed when the gear shaft 4 rotates, driving the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed at the end of the gear shaft 4 to rotate slowly around its axis, and cooperate with the loading barrel to perform abrasive processing on the bevel gear or worm 3 to be processed, so as to achieve uniform processing of the tooth surface distributed on the circumference of the entire bevel gear or worm.

[0034] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustment tool for high-efficiency finishing of bevel gear and worm tooth surfaces, comprising a tool shaft (1) and a gear shaft (4), characterized in that: One end of the gear shaft (4) is fixedly connected to a bevel gear or worm (3) to be processed, a bearing support (9) is sleeved on the middle section of the gear shaft (4), an upper end of the bearing support (9) is fixedly connected to a first fixing plate (6), a driving device (2) perpendicular to the axial direction of the gear shaft (4) is mounted on the first fixing plate (6), and a transmission assembly (5) for cooperating with the driving device (2) to rotate the gear shaft (4) is provided in the bearing support (9); One end of the tooling shaft (1) is hinged to the first fixed plate (6), and one side of the tooling shaft (1) is provided with an electric telescopic device (7) parallel to the axial direction of the tooling shaft (1), and the electric telescopic device (7) is fixedly mounted on the second fixed plate (8), and one end of the second fixed plate (8) is hinged to the tooling shaft (1). The electric telescopic device (7) adjusts the telescopic amount so that the tooth top surface of the bevel gear or worm (3) to be processed at the end of the gear shaft (4) is parallel to the horizontal plane, thereby achieving the finishing processing of the bottom tooth surface of the bevel gear or worm (3) to be processed by the abrasive, and at the same time cooperates with the driving device (2) to make the bevel gear or worm (3) to be processed slowly rotate around the axis of the gear shaft (4), thereby achieving uniform processing of the tooth surface distributed on the circumference of the entire bevel gear or worm (3) to be processed; The driving device (2) comprises a motor (21) fixedly mounted on a first fixed plate (6), the motor (21) being fixedly connected to its output shaft via a micro coupling (24), a small bevel gear (23) being fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor (21), and a controller (22) for adjusting the speed of the motor (21) being mounted on the motor (21); The transmission assembly (5) includes a large bevel gear (51) and a transmission bearing (52), wherein the large bevel gear (51) is rotatably connected to the bearing support (9) via the transmission bearing (52), and the large bevel gear (51) is meshed with the small bevel gear (23); The transmission bearing (52) includes an inner roller (521), an outer ring (522) and an inner ring (523); an annular groove is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the inner ring (523); the inner rollers (521) are evenly distributed in the annular groove; the outer ring (522) is sleeved on the outside of the inner ring (523) and confines the inner rollers (521) in the annular groove; The electric telescopic device (7) comprises a cylinder (71), the cylinder (71) being fixed on the second fixed plate (8), a telescopic rod (72) being slidably connected inside the cylinder (71), a collar (73) being hinged at the lower end of the telescopic rod (72), the collar (73) being sleeved on the gear shaft (4), and the collar (73) and the bearing support (9) being rotatably connected to the gear shaft (4) via a cross roller bearing (10).

2. The adjustment tool for high-efficiency finishing of bevel gears and worm tooth surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing cover (41) is sleeved on the outer wall of the gear shaft (4), and a plurality of annularly distributed first screw holes (5221) are opened on the outer wall of the bearing cover (41). The bearing cover (41) is inserted into the first screw holes (5221) from the outside to the inside by screws, so that the bearing cover (41) is installed on the outer ring (522) of the transmission bearing (52).

3. The adjustment tool for high-efficiency finishing of bevel gears and worm tooth surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of annularly distributed second screw holes (5222) are provided on the circumferential outer wall of the outer ring (522), and the outer ring (522) is screwed into the second screw holes (5222) from the outside to the inside, so that the outer ring (522) is fixedly connected to the bearing support (9).

4. The adjustment tool for high-efficiency finishing of bevel gears and worm tooth surfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner ring of the cross roller bearing (10) is fixedly connected to the inner ring (523) of the transmission bearing (52), and a three-jaw chuck (101) is connected to the end face of the inner ring of the cross roller bearing (10) by bolts, and the other end of the inner ring (523) on the transmission bearing (52) is fixedly connected to the large bevel gear (51).

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