A pressure medium spring and a transmission nut using the same

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pressure medium spring, which includes: a pressure medium spring inner ring, a pressure medium spring outer ring, a pressure medium spring annular piston, a first pressure chamber, a second pressure chamber and an anti-rotation connector, wherein the first pressure chamber is arranged at the other end of the pressure medium spring annular piston and the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber can push the pressure medium spring annular piston to slide between the pressure medium spring inner ring and the pressure medium spring outer ring, and the second pressure chamber is arranged on the outside of the pressure medium spring annular piston and the pressure medium in the second pressure chamber can push the pressure medium spring annular piston to slide between the pressure medium spring inner ring and the pressure medium spring outer ring. The present invention also discloses a transmission nut using the pressure medium spring. The pressure medium spring of the present invention can control the preload force of the nut in the nut screw pair through the pressure in the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber, thereby improving the screw precision and service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular relates to a pressure medium spring capable of adaptively changing thickness. Background Art

[0002] Among the high-end precision CNC machine tools that are widely used at present, the precision ball screw pair with double nut structure is one of the most frequently used main precision functional components. With its good precision characteristics and long-term use characteristics, it almost occupies most of the market of precision transmission functional components. However, there is a fatal disadvantage in the double nut structure currently used. In order to meet the axial bearing capacity of the machine tool, the double nut screw pair is realized by increasing the preload between the double nuts. Excessive preload accelerates the wear of the screw. Moreover, since only a certain section of the screw stroke is often used, the new screw product will be seriously worn after a period of use. The reverse clearance of the ball screw in this section of the stroke where the full stroke cannot be guaranteed to be used evenly will inevitably be greater than the reverse clearance of the section that is not often used; at this time, whether it is a mechanical method or an electrical method, it is impossible to fully compensate for the different reverse clearances on the same screw. Therefore, it will inevitably cause certain adverse effects on the transmission accuracy of the ball screw pair and cannot be eliminated at present. Once the above-mentioned excessive "uneven wear" phenomenon occurs in a certain section of the screw's travel, the entire machine tool transmission part needs to be disassembled, the screw needs to be taken out and replaced as a whole, which brings high maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a pressure medium spring which can control the preload force of the nut in the nut-screw pair and eliminate the reverse clearance during the transmission of the ball screw-nut pair by adjusting the pressure in the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a pressure medium spring, characterized in that it includes: a pressure medium spring inner ring, a pressure medium spring outer ring, a pressure medium spring annular piston, a first pressure chamber, a second pressure chamber and an anti-rotation connecting piece; a pressure ring is arranged at one end of the pressure medium spring outer ring, a slide groove is arranged on the pressure ring, and the protruding part of the anti-rotation connecting piece can be inserted into the slide groove and slidably connected with the slide groove; one end of the pressure medium spring annular piston is axially fixedly connected with the piston rod part of the annular piston through a top screw; the other end of the pressure medium spring annular piston is arranged Between the inner ring of the pressure medium spring and the outer ring of the pressure medium spring, it can slide relative to the inner ring of the pressure medium spring and the outer ring of the pressure medium spring; the first pressure chamber is arranged on one side of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring, and the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber can push the annular piston of the pressure medium spring to slide to one side between the inner ring of the pressure medium spring and the outer ring of the pressure medium spring; the second pressure chamber is arranged on the other side of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring, and the pressure medium in the second pressure chamber can push the annular piston of the pressure medium spring to slide to the other side between the inner ring of the pressure medium spring and the outer ring of the pressure medium spring.

[0005] The above-mentioned pressure medium spring is characterized in that the pressure medium spring also includes a pressure ring, which is connected to the outer ring of the pressure medium spring through a thread, and the pressure ring is located between the outer diameter of the piston rod part of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring and the outer ring of the pressure medium spring. The outer diameter of the pressure ring is larger than the outer diameter of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring, and the inner diameter of the pressure ring is slidingly and sealingly connected to the outer diameter of the piston rod of the pressure medium spring; a plurality of sliding grooves are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the pressure ring along the axial direction of the pressure medium spring; a step surface for constructing a second pressure chamber is provided on the outer diameter side of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring, and the outer side of the step surface is the outer diameter part of the piston rod of the annular piston.

[0006] The second pressure chamber is surrounded by the step surface of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring, the outer diameter of the piston rod part of the annular piston, the pressure ring, and the outer ring of the pressure medium spring. A second pressure channel connecting the second pressure chamber and the outside of the outer ring of the pressure medium spring is opened on the outer ring of the pressure medium spring, and a second pressure pipeline interface is arranged at the outlet of the second pressure channel. A first pressure channel connecting the first pressure chamber and the outside of the outer ring of the pressure medium spring is also opened on the outer ring of the pressure medium spring, and a first pressure pipeline interface is arranged at the outlet of the first pressure channel.

[0007] The above-mentioned pressure medium spring is characterized in that a first sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the outer ring of the pressure medium spring, and the first sealing ring is located between the outer ring of the pressure medium spring and the inner ring of the pressure medium spring and is fixedly sealed and connected to the outer ring of the pressure medium spring and the inner ring of the pressure medium spring.

[0008] The above-mentioned pressure medium spring is characterized in that a second sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the pressure medium spring annular piston, and the second sealing ring is arranged between the pressure medium spring annular piston and the pressure medium spring inner ring and is connected to the pressure medium spring annular piston in a sliding sealing manner;

[0009] A third sealing ring is arranged on the outer diameter of the pressure medium spring annular piston. The third sealing ring is arranged between the outer diameter of the pressure medium spring annular piston and the outer ring of the pressure medium spring and is slidingly and sealingly connected to the outer diameter of the pressure medium spring annular piston.

[0010] The above-mentioned pressure medium spring is characterized in that a fourth sealing ring is arranged on the outer diameter of the inner ring of the pressure medium spring, and the fourth sealing ring is located at the end of one end of the inner ring of the pressure medium spring. The fourth sealing ring is arranged between the inner diameter of the piston rod of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring and the outer diameter of the inner ring of the pressure medium spring, and is slidingly sealed with the inner diameter of the piston rod part of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring.

[0011] The above-mentioned pressure medium spring is characterized in that the pressure ring includes a pressure ring body, a fifth sealing ring, a sealing ring pressure ring and a slide groove, the fifth sealing ring is located between the pressure ring body and the sealing ring pressure ring, the inner diameter side of the fifth sealing ring is slidingly sealedly connected to the outer diameter of the piston rod part of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring, the two sides of the fifth sealing ring are fixedly sealedly connected to the pressure ring body and the side of the sealing ring pressure ring, and the slide groove on the pressure ring is slidingly connected to the protruding part of the anti-rotation connecting piece.

[0012] The above-mentioned pressure medium spring is characterized in that the pressure medium spring also includes a pressure adjustment system, which includes a pressure adjustment unit, a data acquisition unit and a control output unit. The data acquisition unit is used to collect load change data, and the control output unit is used to receive and process the load change data collected by the data acquisition unit, and output the processed data to the pressure adjustment unit. The pressure adjustment unit is provided with a pressure medium transmission pipeline connected to the first pressure pipeline interface and the second pressure pipeline interface for controlling the pressure of the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber.

[0013] The above-mentioned pressure medium spring is characterized in that the anti-rotation connecting piece is axially fixedly connected to the piston rod of the annular piston of the pressure medium spring through a top screw, and is fixedly connected to the driven component as a whole through a screw; the protruding part at the other end of the anti-rotation connecting piece can slide in the sliding groove on the pressure ring of the pressure medium spring, together with the piston and the driven component axially fixedly connected to it as a whole through the top screw, along the axial direction of the pressure medium spring; the inner ring of the pressure medium spring is a cylindrical structural part with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a transmission nut using the above-mentioned pressure medium spring, characterized in that: the transmission nut includes a screw nut and a pressure medium spring; the pressure medium spring is slidingly connected to the integrated structure of the anti-rotation connecting piece, the screw nut and the piston through a sliding groove on its pressure ring, and the screw nut is one of a ball screw nut or a trapezoidal screw nut.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The present invention can control the movement of the pressure medium spring piston by adjusting the pressure in the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber, thereby controlling the preload force between the driven component and the driving component through the movement of the anti-rotation connecting member axially fixedly connected to the piston rod and the driven component fixedly connected to the anti-rotation connecting member.

[0017] 2. When the product of the present invention is used in the screw nut pair transmission, by controlling the forward and reverse movement of the pressure medium spring piston, or by keeping the position of the piston unchanged through the hydraulic pressure, the random error caused by the reverse transmission gap can be eliminated, or the reverse random error can be changed to a constant value. This is of great help in improving the accuracy of the ordinary precision grade screw.

[0018] 3. The pre-tightening force of the nut of the present invention can be adjusted according to the load, so that it has the characteristics of small wear during use and extremely long service life.

[0019] 4. The pressure medium spring of the present invention can be applied to the existing single-nut ball screw transmission pair. It only needs to connect the anti-rotation connector with the existing ball screw nut as one body to achieve the purpose of eliminating the reverse transmission gap and improving the transmission position accuracy.

[0020] The invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the pressure medium spring of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left view of .

[0023] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a nut structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a control relationship block diagram of the pressure adjustment system of the present invention.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 1—pressure medium spring inner ring; 2—pressure medium spring outer ring; 3—pressure medium spring annular piston; 3-1—step surface; 4—first pressure chamber; 5—second pressure chamber; 6—anti-rotation connector; 7—pressure ring; 7-1—pressure ring body; 7-2—fifth sealing ring; 7-3—sealing ring pressure ring; 7-4—pressure ring body slide groove; 8—second pressure channel; 9—second pressure pipeline interface; 10—first pressure channel; 11—first pressure pipeline interface; 12—first sealing ring; 13—second sealing ring; 14—third sealing ring; 15—fourth sealing ring; 16—top screw; 17—pressure adjustment system; 17-1—pressure adjustment unit; 17-2—data acquisition unit; 17-3—control unit; 18—nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, which are instead provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0029] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plurality" mentioned in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, a pressure medium spring comprises: a pressure medium spring inner ring 1, a pressure medium spring outer ring 2, a pressure medium spring annular piston 3, a first pressure chamber 4, a second pressure chamber 5 and an anti-rotation connection piece 6, a pressure ring 7 connected to the pressure medium spring outer ring as a whole through a thread, the protruding portion of the anti-rotation connection piece 6 can be inserted into a slide groove 7-4 of the pressure ring 7, and is slidably connected to the anti-rotation connection piece 6 through the slide groove 7-4; the piston rod end of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 is axially fixedly connected to the anti-rotation connection piece 6 through a top screw; the piston end of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 is arranged between the pressure medium spring inner ring 1 and the pressure medium The first pressure chamber 4 is arranged on the piston side of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3, and the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 can be pushed by the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber 4 to slide between the pressure medium spring inner ring 1 and the pressure medium spring outer ring 2 toward the piston rod side; the second pressure chamber 5 is arranged on the piston rod side of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3, and the pressure medium in the second pressure chamber 5 can be pushed by the pressure medium in the second pressure chamber 5 to slide between the pressure medium spring inner ring 1 and the pressure medium spring outer ring 2 toward the piston side.

[0031] The pressure medium spring in this embodiment can change the moving direction and distance of the piston 3, thereby changing the thickness of the pressure medium spring, by injecting pressure medium of different pressures into the first pressure chamber 4 and the second pressure chamber 5; therefore, under the condition of ensuring that the nut eliminates the reverse clearance, the preload force between the nut and the screw can be reduced as much as possible by adjusting the pressure of the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber 4 and the second pressure chamber 5, so as to reduce the wear of the screw.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the pressure medium spring also includes a pressure ring 7, which is installed on the inner side of the pressure medium spring outer ring 2 using a thread, and the pressure ring 7 is located on the outer diameter of the piston rod of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3, and is connected to the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 in a sliding and sealing manner. The piston rod side of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) is provided with a step surface (3-1) for constructing a second pressure chamber (5), and the outer side of the step surface (3-1) is the piston rod part of the piston (3); the second pressure chamber (5) is formed by the step surface (3-1) of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3). The step surface (3-1), the piston rod portion of the piston (3), the pressure ring (7) and the pressure medium spring outer ring (2) are surrounded by the step surface (3-1), the piston rod portion of the piston (3), the pressure ring (7) and the pressure medium spring outer ring (2); the pressure medium spring outer ring 2 is provided with a second pressure channel 8 connecting the second pressure chamber 5 with the outside of the pressure medium spring outer ring 2, and a second pressure pipeline interface 9 is provided at the outlet of the second pressure channel 8; the pressure medium spring outer ring 2 is also provided with a first pressure channel 10 connecting the first pressure chamber 4 with the outside of the pressure medium spring outer ring 2, and a first pressure pipeline interface 11 is provided at the outlet of the first pressure channel 10.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the pressure ring 7 includes a pressure ring body 7-1, a fifth sealing ring 7-2, a sealing ring pressure ring 7-3 and a pressure ring body slide groove 7-4. The fifth sealing ring 7-2 is installed on the outer diameter of the piston rod part of the piston 3 through the sealing ring pressure ring 7-3 and the pressure ring body 7-1; the fifth sealing ring 7-2 is located between the pressure ring body 7-1 and the sealing ring pressure ring 7-3; the inner diameter side of the fifth sealing ring 7-2 is slidingly sealed and connected to the outer diameter of the piston rod of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3, and the two sides of the fifth sealing ring 7-2 are fixedly sealed and connected to the pressure ring body 7-1 and the sealing ring pressure ring 7-3.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a first sealing ring 12 is provided on the inner wall of the pressure medium spring outer ring 2 , and the first sealing ring 12 is located between the pressure medium spring outer ring 2 and the pressure medium spring inner ring 1 and is fixedly and sealedly connected to the pressure medium spring outer ring 2 and the pressure medium spring inner ring 1 .

[0035] The pressure medium spring is characterized in that a second sealing ring 13 is provided on the inner diameter of the piston of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3, and the second sealing ring 13 is provided between the piston of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 and the pressure medium spring inner ring 1, and is connected with the pressure medium spring piston 3 in a sliding and sealing manner;

[0036] A third sealing ring 14 is arranged on the outer diameter of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 ; the third sealing ring 14 is arranged between the outer diameter of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 and the pressure medium spring outer ring 2 , and is slidingly and sealingly connected to the pressure medium spring piston 3 .

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a fourth sealing ring 15 is provided on the outer diameter of the pressure medium spring inner ring 1; the fourth sealing ring 15 is located at the end of one end of the pressure medium spring inner ring 1; the fourth sealing ring 15 is provided between the inner diameter of the piston rod of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 and the outer diameter of the pressure medium spring inner ring 1, and is slidingly sealed and connected to the inner diameter of the pressure medium spring piston rod.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the pressure ring 7 includes a pressure ring body 7-1, a fifth sealing ring 7-2, a sealing ring pressure ring 7-3 and a pressure ring body slide groove 7-4; the fifth sealing ring 7-2 is installed on the outer diameter of the piston rod part of the piston 3 through the sealing ring pressure ring 7-3 and the pressure ring body 7-1; the fifth sealing ring 7-2 is located between the pressure ring body 7-1 and the sealing ring pressure ring 7-3; the inner diameter side of the fifth sealing ring 7-2 is slidingly sealed and connected to the outer diameter of the piston rod of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3; the two sides of the fifth sealing ring 7-2 are fixedly sealed and connected to the pressure ring body 7-1 and the sealing ring pressure ring 7-3.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressure medium spring also includes a pressure adjustment system 17, and the pressure adjustment system 17 includes a pressure adjustment unit (17-1), a data acquisition unit 17-2 and a control output unit 17-3; the data acquisition unit 17-2 is used to collect load change data, and the control output unit 17-3 is used to receive and process the data collected by the data acquisition unit, and output the processed data to the pressure adjustment unit 17-1, and the pressure adjustment unit 17-1 is provided with a pressure medium transmission pipeline connected to the first pressure pipeline interface and the second pressure pipeline interface for controlling the pressure of the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber.

[0040] The anti-rotation connection member 6 is axially fixedly connected to the piston rod of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) from the circumferential direction through a top screw, the end face is connected to the nut through a screw, and the protruding part at the other end is slidably connected to the pressure ring body slide groove (7-4); the pressure medium spring inner ring 1 is a cylindrical structural member with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw.

[0041] The present invention discloses a screw nut using a pressure medium spring, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes: the screw nut includes a screw nut 18 and a pressure medium spring; the screw nut 18 is fixedly connected to the anti-rotation connecting member 6; the screw nut 18 is one of a ball screw nut or a trapezoidal screw nut.

[0042] As can be seen from the above-described embodiment, the pressure medium spring in the present invention is mainly used in a ball screw nut transmission pair or a trapezoidal screw nut transmission pair, and can eliminate the reverse clearance in the screw nut pair transmission, thereby improving the transmission accuracy of the screw nut pair.

[0043] The working principle of the present invention is: Figure 3 The figure shows the situation where the present invention is applied to the ball screw nut transmission pair; when the pressure in the first pressure chamber 4 increases to be greater than the pressure in the second pressure chamber 5, the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber 4 pushes the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 to move in the direction of the piston rod, and the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 pushes the anti-rotation connection 6 to move in the same direction through the top screw 16, and the anti-rotation connection 6 pushes the nut fixedly connected thereto to move in the same direction, then the left side of the ball groove of the screw nut and the left side of the ball in the groove are in close contact with the right side of the ball groove of the screw. At this time, if the screw moves to the left, the right side of the ball groove of the screw is the driving side, such as Figure 3 As shown, the right side of the lead screw directly pushes the nut to move to the left through the ball, so there is no gap transmission; when the lead screw moves in the opposite direction, the pressure adjustment unit 17-1 can switch the pressure in the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber within the reversing cycle of the lead screw (the shortest is about ≤20ms), and pull the anti-rotation connection and the lead screw nut to the left through the piston 3, so that the right side of the nut ball groove and the right side of the ball in the nut ball groove are in close contact with the left side of the lead screw ball groove. Figure 3 As shown, at this time, the screw moving to the right directly pushes the nut to the right through the ball, so it is still a gap-free transmission, but the screw driving side now becomes the left side of the screw; because the pressure adjustment unit 17-1 can complete the pressure switching within the screw reverse cycle (the shortest is about ≤20ms), there will be no processing errors caused by the stagnation of the nut caused by the screw reverse process.

[0044] In the present invention, the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber 4 (or the second pressure chamber 5) pushes the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 to provide a pre-tightening force to the nut of the nut transmission pair, thereby making it possible to automatically adjust the pre-tightening force.

[0045] In the present invention, the load change data of the load is collected by the data acquisition unit 17-2, and the data acquisition unit 17-2 here can be a load monitoring and feedback system in the CNC system of the machine tool that can collect the load force change of the nut. The control unit 17-3 can be a microcomputer processor or a programmable controller in the CNC system of the CNC machine tool, which uses the load change information collected by the data acquisition unit 17-2 to control the pressure adjustment unit 17-1 in real time, change the pressure of the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber 4 and the second pressure chamber 5, and control the preload force between the pressure medium spring annular piston 3 and the screw and nut through the pressure change of the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber 4 and the second pressure chamber 5. When the load is small, the pressure is small, the preload force is small, and the friction is small, which avoids excessive wear of the screw ball groove and increases the service life of the screw.

[0046] When the structural dimensions permit, when the inner hole shape of the pressure medium spring inner ring 1 is changed to a ball nut or a trapezoidal nut, the combination of the pressure medium spring and the nut can achieve the same effect as the double nut transmission; the pressure medium spring inner ring 1 in the pressure medium spring acts as a nut on the screw, and the other nut connected to the anti-rotation connecting piece can move with the annular piston of the pressure medium spring. The extension or retraction of the annular piston 3 of the pressure medium spring can provide a pre-tightening force to the nut, so that the nut is always close to one side of the screw ball groove or thread groove during the transmission process, and the pressure medium spring inner ring 1, which serves as the other nut, is always close to the other side of the screw ball groove or thread groove during the transmission process, so that the combination of the pressure medium spring and the nut becomes the same combination as the double nut transmission, that is, the reverse clearance during the transmission process is eliminated. In addition, when one side of the ball groove or thread groove of the screw is worn, we can change the nut from the side close to the screw to the other side by changing the extension or retraction of the pressure medium spring annular piston 3, avoiding the disadvantage that the existing double-nut type anti-backlash nut can only run against one side of the screw, accelerating the wear of this side and reducing the service life of the machine tool screw nut transmission pair.

[0047] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the invention and does not limit the invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural transformation made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims

1. A pressure medium spring, characterized in that: include: A pressure medium spring inner ring (1), a pressure medium spring outer ring (2), a pressure medium spring annular piston (3), a first pressure chamber (4), a second pressure chamber (5), an anti-rotation connection piece (6), and a pressure medium spring compression ring (7); one end of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) is axially fixedly connected to the anti-rotation connection piece (6) via a top screw arranged on the outer circumference of the anti-rotation connection piece and the pressure medium spring annular piston (3); the other end of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) is arranged between the pressure medium spring inner ring (1) and the pressure medium spring outer ring (2) and can slide relative to the pressure medium spring inner ring (1) and the pressure medium spring outer ring (2); the outer side of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) is provided with a step surface (3-1) for constructing the second pressure chamber (5); the outer side of the step surface (3-1) is the piston rod portion of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3); A second sealing ring (13) is provided on the inner wall of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3). The second sealing ring (13) is provided between the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) and the pressure medium spring inner ring (1) and is slidingly sealedly connected to the inner diameter of the piston portion of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3). The first pressure chamber (4) is provided at the other end of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) and can push the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) to slide to one side between the pressure medium spring inner ring (1) and the pressure medium spring outer ring (2) through the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber (4). The second pressure chamber (5) is provided on the outer side of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) and can push the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) to slide to the other side between the pressure medium spring inner ring (1) and the pressure medium spring outer ring (2) through the pressure medium in the second pressure chamber (5).

2. A pressure medium spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pressure chamber (5) is surrounded by the step surface (3-1) of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3), the piston rod portion of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3), the pressure ring (7) and the pressure medium spring outer ring (2); the pressure medium spring outer ring (2) is provided with a second pressure channel (8) connecting the second pressure chamber (5) with the outside of the pressure medium spring outer ring (2); a second pressure pipeline interface (9) is provided at the outlet of the second pressure channel (8); the pressure medium spring outer ring (2) is also provided with a first pressure channel (10) connecting the first pressure chamber (4) with the outside of the pressure medium spring outer ring (2); a first pressure pipeline interface (11) is provided at the outlet of the first pressure channel (10).

3. A pressure medium spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third sealing ring (14) is provided on the outer wall of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3); the third sealing ring (14) is provided between the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) and the pressure medium spring outer ring (2), and is slidably sealedly connected to the piston portion of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3).

4. A pressure medium spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fourth sealing ring (15) is provided on the outer wall of the pressure medium spring inner ring (1), and the fourth sealing ring (15) is located at the end of one end of the pressure medium spring inner ring (1). The fourth sealing ring (15) is arranged between the inner diameter of the piston rod part of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) and the pressure medium spring inner ring (1), and is slidably sealedly connected to the inner diameter of the piston rod part of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3).

5. A pressure medium spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure medium spring comprises an anti-rotation connecting member (6), the anti-rotation connecting member (6) is provided with evenly distributed top screws (16) in the outer circumferential direction, one end is provided with evenly distributed rectangular protrusions, and the end surface of the other end is provided with evenly distributed through holes; the protrusion of the anti-rotation connecting member (6) can be inserted into the slide groove (7-4) of the pressure ring (7) and slidably connected to the pressure ring body (7-1) along the slide groove (7-4), and the screw in the through hole on the other end surface is connected to the driven component.

6. A pressure medium spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure ring (7) comprises a pressure ring body (7-1), a fifth sealing ring (7-2), a sealing ring pressure ring (7-3), and a slide groove (7-4) evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the pressure ring body and along the axis direction of the pressure medium spring; the fifth sealing ring (7-2) is fixed between the sealing ring pressure ring (7-3) and the pressure ring body (7-1) on the outer diameter of the piston rod of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3) by the sealing ring pressure ring (7-3) and the pressure ring body (7-1); the inner diameter side of the fifth sealing ring (7-2) is slidingly sealedly connected to the outer diameter of the piston rod of the pressure medium spring annular piston (3), and the two sides of the fifth sealing ring (7-2) are fixedly sealedly connected to the side surfaces of the pressure ring body (7-1) and the sealing ring pressure ring (7-3).

7. A pressure medium spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure medium spring also includes a pressure adjustment system (17), the pressure adjustment system (17) including a pressure adjustment unit (17-1), a data acquisition unit (17-2) and a control unit (17-3), the data acquisition unit (17-2) being used to acquire load change data, the control unit (17-3) being used to receive the data acquired by the data acquisition unit (17-2), and output the data to the pressure adjustment unit (17-1) after data processing, so that the pressure of the pressure medium in the hydraulic system pipeline is adjusted by the pressure adjustment unit (17-1); the pressure adjustment unit (17-1) is provided with a hydraulic pipeline connected to the first pressure pipeline interface (11) and the second pressure pipeline interface (9), and is used to control the pressure of the pressure medium in the first pressure chamber (4) and the second pressure chamber (5).

8. A pressure medium spring according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the pressure medium spring inner ring (1) is larger than the outer diameter of the driving component matched therewith.

9. A transmission nut using the pressure medium spring as claimed in claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The transmission nut comprises: a nut (18) and a pressure medium spring, wherein the pressure medium spring has a flange hole which is completely identical in size and position to the original flange hole of the nut (18), and the pressure medium spring and the driven component can be connected into a whole by bolts through the flange hole.

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