A vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device and equipment

Abstract

A vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device (102) and equipment (10), the vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device (102) comprising an electric energy drive module (20) and an anti-reverse connection module (30), wherein: the anti-reverse connection module (30) comprises a switch unit (301) and a forward conduction unit (302); the electric energy drive module (20) is used to provide a drive voltage for the switch unit (301); one end of the switch unit (301) is connected to the forward conduction unit (302), and the other end of the switch unit (301) is grounded, and is used to be turned on when the drive voltage provided by the electric energy drive module (20) is greater than or equal to a conduction threshold, and is turned off when the drive voltage provided by the electric energy drive module (20) is less than the conduction threshold; the forward conduction unit (302) is connected to an external battery pack (50), and is used to form a closed loop with the external battery pack (50) when the switch unit (301) is turned on.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electronic circuits, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device and equipment. Background Art

[0002] At present, on-board direct current (DC-DC) converters are widely used in new energy vehicles to replace the DC generators on traditional vehicles to power the low-voltage system of the vehicle and float charge the low-voltage battery on the vehicle. Since the low-voltage battery on the vehicle also has self-discharge, after the car is not used for a period of time, the on-board battery will enter the feeding state, and the voltage will be so low that many low-voltage systems of the vehicle cannot work, including the on-board DC-DC converter. In order to restore the normal working ability of the car, it is generally necessary to use an external battery to connect to the low-voltage circuit of the vehicle, so that the voltage of the low-voltage power supply system returns to a normal level, and the on-board DC-DC converter can work to power the low-voltage system and charge the battery. However, there is a risk of reverse connection of the external battery. Once the positive pole of the external battery is reversely connected to the negative pole of the on-board DC-DC converter, due to the extremely low impedance from the negative pole to the positive pole in the on-board DC-DC converter, the reverse connection is equivalent to directly short-circuiting the external battery, which will form a large current to damage the on-board DC-DC converter and even burn the components. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the embodiments of the present application disclose a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device and equipment, which can effectively prevent damage to the internal components of the drive device due to reverse connection of an external battery, thereby enhancing the safety of the drive device.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device, including an electric energy drive module and an anti-reverse connection module, wherein the anti-reverse connection module includes a switch unit and a forward conduction unit;

[0005] One end of the switch unit is connected to the electric energy drive module, the other end of the switch unit is connected to the forward conducting unit, one end of the forward conducting unit is connected to the electric energy drive module, the other end of the forward conducting unit is connected to the vehicle battery and the external battery pack, and the vehicle battery and the external battery pack are connected in parallel;

[0006] The above-mentioned electric energy driving module is used to output a driving voltage greater than or equal to the conduction threshold to the above-mentioned switch unit when the above-mentioned external battery pack is forward connected to turn on the above-mentioned switch unit. The above-mentioned forward conduction unit is used to form a closed loop with the above-mentioned vehicle battery when the above-mentioned switch unit is turned on to charge the above-mentioned vehicle battery. When the above-mentioned external battery pack is reversely connected, the driving voltage output by the above-mentioned electric energy driving module to the above-mentioned switch unit is less than the above-mentioned conduction threshold, and the above-mentioned switch unit is cut off.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the electric energy drive module includes a transformer winding, the transformer winding includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, the primary winding is connected to the vehicle-mounted energy supply unit, the positive pole of the secondary winding is connected to the switch unit, and the negative pole of the secondary winding is grounded, and the electric energy drive module is used to convert the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted energy supply unit into a driving voltage and output it to the switch unit.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the secondary winding further includes an intermediate tap, the intermediate tap is connected to the forward conduction unit, and the intermediate tap is used to output a reference voltage to the forward conduction unit when the switch unit is turned on.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the electric energy driving module further includes a first rectifier diode, a second rectifier diode, a third rectifier diode, a first stabilizing capacitor, and a second stabilizing capacitor, wherein:

[0010] The cathode of the first rectifier diode is connected to the cathode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the first rectifier diode is grounded;

[0011] The cathode of the second rectifier diode is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the second rectifier diode is grounded;

[0012] The anode of the third rectifier diode is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the cathode of the third rectifier diode is connected to the switch unit and the second stabilizing capacitor;

[0013] One end of the first voltage-stabilizing capacitor is connected to the middle tap and the forward conducting unit, and the other end of the first voltage-stabilizing capacitor is grounded;

[0014] One end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor is connected to the switch unit, and the other end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor is grounded.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the switch unit includes a triode, wherein:

[0016] The emitter of the triode is connected to the cathode of the third rectifier diode and the second voltage stabilizing capacitor, the base of the triode is grounded through the first protection resistor, and the collector of the triode is connected to the forward conducting unit.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the forward conducting unit includes a field effect transistor, wherein:

[0018] The gate of the field effect tube is connected to the collector of the transistor in the switch unit through a second protection resistor, the source of the field effect tube is connected to the external battery pack, and the drain of the field effect tube is connected to the intermediate tap, so as to generate a conduction voltage between the gate of the field effect tube and the source of the field effect tube to conduct when the switch unit is turned on.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the forward conduction unit further includes a clamping diode, the cathode of the clamping diode is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor, and the anode of the clamping diode is connected to the source of the field effect transistor, and the clamping diode is used to limit the voltage between the gate and the source of the field effect transistor to prevent the field effect transistor from being broken down.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the on-threshold of the driving voltage is 10-14V.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the electric energy drive module also includes a fourth rectifier diode, the positive electrode of the fourth rectifier diode is connected to the negative electrode of the secondary winding and the negative electrode of the first rectifier diode, and the negative electrode of the fourth rectifier diode is connected to the negative electrode of the third rectifier diode and the second stabilizing capacitor.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device, which includes a vehicle-mounted energy supply unit and a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device provided by the above-mentioned first aspect and / or any possible implementation method of the first aspect.

[0023] The embodiment of the present application includes an electric energy driving module and an anti-reverse connection module, wherein: the anti-reverse connection module includes a switch unit and a forward conduction unit; the electric energy driving module is used to provide a driving voltage for the switch unit; one end of the switch unit is connected to the forward conduction unit, and the other end of the switch unit is grounded, and is used to be turned on when the driving voltage provided by the electric energy driving unit is greater than or equal to the conduction threshold, and is turned off when the driving voltage provided by the electric energy driving module is less than the conduction threshold; the forward conduction unit is connected to an external battery pack, and is used to form a closed loop with the external battery pack when the switch unit is turned on. The use of a triode as a switch unit and a field effect tube as a forward conduction unit effectively avoids damage to the internal components of the driving device due to the reverse connection of the external battery, and enhances the safety of the driving device. In addition, the method of adding a tap in the middle of the transformer winding is used to provide a conduction voltage for the triode and the field effect tube, which effectively simplifies the anti-reverse connection circuit and reduces the design and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device provided by the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device provided by the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] The following are detailed descriptions of each.

[0030] The terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0031] Mentioning "embodiment" in this article means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appearing in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. In some scenarios where a battery is required to be powered as a secondary power supply, such as in a vehicle environment, since the vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery is a lead-acid battery, the capacity is small and there is self-discharge. Therefore, after not using the car for a period of time, the vehicle-mounted battery will enter the feeding state, and the voltage is so low that many low-voltage systems of the vehicle cannot work, including the electric energy drive module. In order to restore the ability of the car to work normally, it is generally necessary to use an external battery to connect to the low-voltage circuit of the vehicle, so that the voltage of the low-voltage power supply system is restored to a normal level, and the electric energy drive module can work to power the low-voltage system and charge the battery. However, when the positive pole of the external battery is connected to the negative pole of the power drive module, and the negative pole of the external battery is connected to the positive pole of the power drive module), since the impedance from the negative pole to the positive pole in the power drive module is extremely low, the reverse connection is equivalent to directly short-circuiting the vehicle battery, which will generate a large current to damage the components in the power drive module. For the convenience of description, this application takes the vehicle drive device including a half-bridge circuit as a drive circuit as an example for introduction.

[0032] Figure 1 The diagram is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device provided by the present application. The vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device provided by the present application includes an electric energy drive module and an anti-reverse connection module, wherein the anti-reverse connection module includes a switch unit and a forward conduction unit, wherein:

[0033] One end of the switch unit is connected to the electric energy drive module, the other end of the switch unit is connected to the forward conducting unit, one end of the forward conducting unit is connected to the electric energy drive module, the other end of the forward conducting unit is connected to the vehicle battery and the external battery pack, and the vehicle battery and the external battery pack are connected in parallel;

[0034] The electric energy driving module is used to output a driving voltage greater than or equal to the conduction threshold to the switch unit when the external battery pack is connected in the forward direction to turn on the switch unit, and the forward conduction unit is used to form a closed loop with the vehicle battery when the switch unit is turned on to charge the vehicle battery. When the external battery pack is connected in the reverse direction, the driving voltage output by the electric energy driving module to the switch unit is less than the conduction threshold, and the switch unit is turned off.

[0035] In some feasible embodiments, the electric energy drive module includes a transformer winding, which includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is connected to the vehicle-mounted power supply unit, the positive pole of the secondary winding is connected to the switch unit, and the negative pole of the secondary winding is grounded. The electric energy drive module is used to convert the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted power supply unit into a driving voltage and output it to the switch unit.

[0036] In some feasible implementations, the secondary winding further includes an intermediate tap, which is connected to the forward conducting unit, and is used to output a reference voltage to the forward conducting unit when the switch unit is turned on.

[0037] In some feasible embodiments, the electric energy drive module further includes a first rectifier diode D1, a second rectifier diode D2, a third rectifier diode D3, a first voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 and a second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2, wherein: the cathode of the first rectifier diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the first rectifier diode D1 is grounded; the cathode of the second rectifier diode D2 is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the second rectifier diode D2 is grounded; the anode of the third rectifier diode D3 is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the cathode of the third rectifier diode D3 is connected to the switch unit and the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2; one end of the first voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 is connected to the intermediate tap and the forward conduction unit, and the other end of the first voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 is grounded; one end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2 is connected to the switch unit, and the other end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0038] In some feasible embodiments, the switching unit includes a transistor Q2, wherein: the emitter E of the transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the third rectifier diode, the base B of the transistor Q2 is grounded through the first protection resistor R1, and the collector C of the transistor Q2 is connected to the forward conduction unit.

[0039] In some feasible embodiments, the forward conduction unit includes a field effect transistor Q1, wherein: the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the collector C of the transistor Q2 in the switch unit through a second protection resistor R2, the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the external battery pack, and the drain D of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the intermediate tap, so as to generate a conduction voltage between the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 and the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 and turn on the switch unit when the switch unit is turned on.

[0040] In some feasible implementations, when the external battery pack is forward connected, the electric energy drive module starts to work, and the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2 and the voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 rectify the AC voltage at the middle tap to a DC voltage VOUT. Among them, the voltage of VOUT is the same as the voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery, which can be equal to the output voltage of the electric energy drive module. The third rectifier diode D3 and the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 rectify the AC voltage at the positive pole of the secondary winding to a DC voltage V1, and the voltage of V1 can be twice that of VOUT. Among them, the DC voltage V1 acts on the emitter E of the transistor Q2 through the protection resistor R1, so that a bias current is formed between the emitter E and the base B of the transistor Q2, so that the emitter E of the transistor Q2 is turned on with the collector C. V1 is applied to the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 through the transistor Q2 and the second protection resistor R2, so that the field effect transistor Q1 is turned on, realizing the requirement of low impedance of the anti-reverse connection circuit during normal operation.

[0041] When the external battery pack is connected in reverse, the positive electrode of the external battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the electric energy drive module and is grounded at the same time as one end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2. The negative electrode of the external battery pack is also connected to the other end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 through the secondary winding, the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2 and the third rectifier diode D3. Therefore, the voltages at both ends of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 are equal, that is, V1 is 0. No bias current can be formed between the emitter E and the collector C of the transistor Q2, and the transistor Q2 cannot be turned on. Therefore, the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 is lower than the turn-on voltage, the field effect transistor Q1 is in a cut-off state, and the forward impedance is very large, so that after the external battery pack is reversed, a large current will not be formed through the secondary winding, the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2, the third rectifier diode D3 and the field effect transistor Q1, thereby protecting the components in the electric energy drive module.

[0042] In some feasible implementations, VOUT is equal to the output voltage of the power drive module, which is between 10-14V, and the voltage value of V1 is twice that of VOUT. Therefore, the voltage applied between the gate G and the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 is equal to VOUT, which is sufficient to drive the field effect transistor Q1 into a low impedance state.

[0043] The embodiment of the present application includes an electric energy driving module and an anti-reverse connection module, wherein: the anti-reverse connection module includes a switch unit and a forward conduction unit; the electric energy driving module is used to provide a driving voltage for the switch unit; one end of the switch unit is connected to the forward conduction unit, and the other end of the switch unit is grounded, and is used to be turned on when the driving voltage provided by the electric energy driving module is greater than or equal to the conduction threshold, and is turned off when the driving voltage provided by the electric energy driving unit is less than the conduction threshold; the forward conduction unit is connected to an external battery pack, and is used to form a closed loop with the external battery pack when the switch unit is turned on. The use of a triode as a switch unit and a field effect tube as a forward conduction unit effectively avoids damage to the internal components of the driving device due to the reverse connection of the external battery, and enhances the safety of the driving device. In addition, the method of adding a tap in the middle of the transformer winding is used to provide a conduction voltage for the triode and the field effect tube, which effectively simplifies the anti-reverse connection circuit and reduces the design and maintenance costs.

[0044] Alternatively, if Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The present application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device. The vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device 10 includes a vehicle-mounted energy supply unit 101 and a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device 102. The vehicle-mounted energy supply unit 101 includes a half-bridge drive circuit, and the vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device 102 includes an electric energy drive module 20 and an anti-reverse connection module 30. The anti-reverse connection protection module 30 includes a switch unit 301 and a forward conduction unit 302;

[0045] One end of the switch unit 301 is connected to the electric energy driving module 20, the other end of the switch unit 301 is connected to the forward conducting unit 302, one end of the forward conducting unit 302 is connected to the electric energy driving module 20, the other end of the forward conducting unit 302 is connected to the vehicle battery 40 and the external battery pack 50, and the vehicle battery 40 and the external battery pack 50 are connected in parallel;

[0046] The above-mentioned electric energy driving module 20 is used to output a driving voltage greater than or equal to the conduction threshold to the above-mentioned switch unit 301 when the above-mentioned external battery pack 50 is forward connected to turn on the above-mentioned switch unit 301. The above-mentioned forward conduction unit 302 is used to be turned on when the above-mentioned switch unit 301 is turned on and form a closed loop with the above-mentioned vehicle battery 40 to charge the above-mentioned vehicle battery 40. When the above-mentioned external battery pack 50 is reversely connected, the driving voltage output by the above-mentioned electric energy driving module 20 to the above-mentioned switch unit 301 is less than the above-mentioned conduction threshold, and the above-mentioned switch unit 301 is cut off.

[0047] In some feasible embodiments, the electric energy drive module 20 includes a transformer winding, which includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is connected to the vehicle-mounted power supply unit, the positive pole of the secondary winding is connected to the switch unit 301, and the negative pole of the secondary winding is grounded. The electric energy drive module 20 is used to convert the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted power supply unit into a driving voltage and output it to the switch unit 301.

[0048] In some feasible implementations, the secondary winding further includes an intermediate tap, which is connected to the forward conducting unit 302 , and is used to output a reference voltage to the forward conducting unit 302 when the switch unit 301 is turned on.

[0049] In some feasible implementations, the electric energy drive module 20 further includes a first rectifier diode D1, a second rectifier diode D2, a third rectifier diode D3, a first voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 and a second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2, wherein: the cathode of the first rectifier diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the first rectifier diode D1 is grounded; the cathode of the second rectifier diode D2 is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the second rectifier diode D2 is grounded; the anode of the third rectifier diode D3 is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the cathode of the third rectifier diode D3 is connected to the switch unit 301 and the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2; one end of the voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 is connected to the intermediate tap and the forward conduction unit 302, and the other end of the voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 is grounded; one end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2 is connected to the switch unit 301, and the other end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0050] In some feasible embodiments, the switching unit 301 includes a transistor Q2, wherein: the emitter E of the transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the third rectifier diode, the base B of the transistor Q2 is grounded through a first protection resistor, and the collector C of the transistor Q2 is connected to the forward conduction unit 302.

[0051] In some feasible embodiments, the forward conduction unit 302 includes a field effect transistor Q1, wherein: the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the collector C of the transistor Q2 in the switch unit through a second protection resistor, the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the external battery pack 50, and the drain D of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the intermediate tap, so as to generate a conduction voltage between the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 and the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 and turn on the switch unit 301 when the switch unit 301 is turned on.

[0052] In some feasible implementations, when the external battery pack 50 is forward connected, the electric energy drive module 20 starts to work, and the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2 and the voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 rectify the AC voltage at the middle tap to a DC voltage VOUT. Among them, the voltage of VOUT is the same as the voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery 40, which can be equal to the output voltage of the electric energy drive module 20. The third rectifier diode D3 and the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 rectify the AC voltage at the positive pole of the secondary winding to a DC voltage V1, and the voltage of V1 can be twice that of VOUT. Among them, the DC voltage V1 acts on the emitter E of the transistor Q2 through the protection resistor R1, so that a bias current is formed between the emitter E and the base B of the transistor Q2, so that the emitter E of the transistor Q2 is turned on with the collector C. V1 is applied to the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 through the transistor Q2 and the second protection resistor R2, so that the field effect transistor Q1 is turned on, and the low impedance requirement of the anti-reverse connection circuit is achieved during normal operation.

[0053] When the external battery pack 50 is reversely connected, the positive electrode of the external battery pack 50 is connected to the negative electrode of the electric energy driving module 20, and is grounded at the same time as one end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2. The negative electrode of the external battery pack 50 is also connected to the other end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 through the secondary winding, the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2 and the third rectifier diode D3. Therefore, the voltages at both ends of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 are equal, that is, V1 is 0. No bias current can be formed between the emitter E and the collector C of the transistor Q2, and the transistor Q2 cannot be turned on. Therefore, the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 is lower than the turn-on voltage, the field effect transistor Q1 is in a cut-off state, and the forward impedance is very large, so that after the external battery pack 50 is reversely connected, a large current will not be formed through the secondary winding, the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2, the third rectifier diode D3 and the field effect transistor Q1, thereby protecting the components in the electric energy driving module 20.

[0054] In some feasible implementations, VOUT is equal to the output voltage of the electric energy driving module 20, which is between 10-14V, and the voltage value of V1 is twice that of VOUT. Therefore, the voltage applied between the gate G and the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 is equal to VOUT, which is sufficient to drive the field effect transistor Q1 into a low impedance state.

[0055] The vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a vehicle-mounted energy supply unit, an electric energy drive module and an anti-reverse connection module, wherein: the vehicle-mounted energy supply unit includes a half-bridge drive circuit, the anti-reverse connection module includes a switch unit and a forward conduction unit; the electric energy drive module is used to provide a driving voltage for the switch unit; one end of the switch unit is connected to the forward conduction unit, and the other end of the switch unit is grounded, which is used to turn on when the driving voltage provided by the electric energy drive module is greater than or equal to the conduction threshold, and cut off when the driving voltage provided by the electric energy drive unit is less than the conduction threshold; the forward conduction unit is connected to an external battery pack, which is used to form a closed loop with the external battery pack when the switch unit is turned on. Using a triode as a switch unit and a field effect tube as a forward conduction unit effectively avoids damage to the internal components of the drive device due to the reverse connection of the external battery, and enhances the safety of the drive device. In addition, by using a method of adding a tap in the middle of the transformer winding, a conduction voltage is provided for the triode and the field effect tube, which effectively simplifies the anti-reverse connection circuit and reduces the design and maintenance costs.

[0056] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of another vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device provided by the present application, including an electric energy drive module and an anti-reverse connection module, wherein the anti-reverse connection module includes a switch unit and a forward conduction unit, wherein:

[0057] One end of the switch unit is connected to the electric energy drive module, the other end of the switch unit is connected to the forward conducting unit, one end of the forward conducting unit is connected to the electric energy drive module, the other end of the forward conducting unit is connected to the vehicle battery and the external battery pack, and the vehicle battery and the external battery pack are connected in parallel;

[0058] The electric energy driving module is used to output a driving voltage greater than or equal to the conduction threshold to the switch unit when the external battery pack is connected in the forward direction to turn on the switch unit, and the forward conduction unit is used to form a closed loop with the vehicle battery when the switch unit is turned on to charge the vehicle battery. When the external battery pack is connected in the reverse direction, the driving voltage output by the electric energy driving module to the switch unit is less than the conduction threshold, and the switch unit is turned off.

[0059] In some feasible implementations, since the vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery is a lead-acid battery, the capacity is relatively small and there is self-discharge. Therefore, after not using the car for a period of time, the vehicle-mounted battery will enter the feeding state, and the voltage is so low that many low-voltage systems of the vehicle cannot work, including the electric drive module. In order to restore the ability of the car to work normally, it is generally necessary to use an external battery to be connected to the low-voltage circuit of the vehicle, so that the voltage of the low-voltage power supply system is restored to a normal level, and the electric drive module can work to supply power to the low-voltage system and charge the battery. However, when the positive pole of the external battery is connected to the negative pole of the electric drive module, and the negative pole of the external battery is connected to the positive pole of the electric drive module), since the impedance from the negative pole to the positive pole in the electric drive module is extremely low, the reverse connection is equivalent to directly short-circuiting the vehicle-mounted battery, which will form a large current to damage the components in the electric drive module.

[0060] In some feasible embodiments, the electric energy drive module includes a transformer winding, which includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is connected to the vehicle-mounted power supply unit, the positive pole of the secondary winding is connected to the switch unit, and the negative pole of the secondary winding is grounded. The electric energy drive module is used to convert the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted power supply unit into a driving voltage and output it to the switch unit.

[0061] In some feasible implementations, the secondary winding further includes an intermediate tap, which is connected to the forward conducting unit, and is used to output a reference voltage to the forward conducting unit when the switch unit is turned on.

[0062] In some feasible embodiments, the electric energy drive module further includes a first rectifier diode D1, a second rectifier diode D2, a third rectifier diode D3, a first voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 and a second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2, wherein: the cathode of the first rectifier diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the first rectifier diode D1 is grounded; the cathode of the second rectifier diode D2 is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the second rectifier diode D2 is grounded; the anode of the third rectifier diode D3 is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the cathode of the third rectifier diode D3 is connected to the switch unit and the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2; one end of the voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 is connected to the intermediate tap and the forward conduction unit, and the other end of the voltage-stabilizing capacitor C1 is grounded; one end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2 is connected to the switch unit, and the other end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0063] In some feasible implementations, the electric energy drive module further includes a fourth rectifier diode D4, the anode of the fourth rectifier diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the secondary winding and the cathode of the first rectifier diode D1, and the anode of the fourth rectifier diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the third rectifier diode D3 and the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2. The fourth rectifier diode D4 enhances the voltage applied to the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2, further increasing the stability of the electric energy drive module.

[0064] In some feasible embodiments, the switching unit includes a transistor Q2, wherein: the emitter E of the transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the third rectifier diode, the base B of the transistor Q2 is grounded through a first protection resistor, and the collector C of the transistor Q2 is connected to the forward conduction unit.

[0065] In some feasible embodiments, the forward conduction unit includes a field effect transistor Q1, wherein: the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the collector C of the transistor Q2 in the switch unit through a second protection resistor R2, the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the external battery pack, and the drain D of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the intermediate tap, so as to generate a conduction voltage between the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 and the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 and turn on the switch unit when the switch unit is turned on.

[0066] In some feasible implementations, when the external battery pack is forward connected, the electric energy drive module starts to work, and the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2 and the voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 rectify the AC voltage at the middle tap to a DC voltage VOUT. Among them, the voltage of VOUT is the same as the voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery, which can be equal to the output voltage of the electric energy drive module. The third rectifier diode D3 and the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 rectify the AC voltage at the positive pole of the secondary winding to a DC voltage V1, and the voltage of V1 can be twice that of VOUT. Among them, the DC voltage V1 acts on the emitter E of the transistor Q2 through the protection resistor R1, so that a bias current is formed between the emitter E and the base B of the transistor Q2, so that the emitter E of the transistor Q2 is turned on with the collector C. V1 is applied to the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 through the transistor Q2 and the second protection resistor R2, so that the field effect transistor Q1 is turned on, realizing the requirement of low impedance of the anti-reverse connection circuit during normal operation.

[0067] When the external battery pack is connected in reverse, the positive electrode of the external battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the electric energy drive module and is grounded at the same time as one end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2. The negative electrode of the external battery pack is also connected to the other end of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 through the secondary winding, the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2 and the third rectifier diode D3. Therefore, the voltages at both ends of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 are equal, that is, V1 is 0. No bias current can be formed between the emitter E and the collector C of the transistor Q2, and the transistor Q2 cannot be turned on. Therefore, the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1 is lower than the turn-on voltage, the field effect transistor Q1 is in a cut-off state, and the forward impedance is very large, so that after the external battery pack is reversed, a large current will not be formed through the secondary winding, the first rectifier diode D1, the second rectifier diode D2, the third rectifier diode D3 and the field effect transistor Q1, thereby protecting the components in the electric energy drive module.

[0068] In some feasible implementations, VOUT is equal to the output voltage of the power drive module, which is between 10-14V, and the voltage value of V1 is twice that of VOUT. Therefore, the voltage applied between the gate G and the source S of the field effect transistor Q1 is equal to VOUT, which is sufficient to drive the field effect transistor Q1 into a low impedance state.

[0069] In some feasible embodiments, the forward conduction unit further includes a clamping diode ZD1, a cathode of the clamping diode ZD1 being connected to the gate G of the field effect transistor Q1, and an anode of the clamping diode being connected to the source S of the field effect transistor Q1, and the clamping diode ZD1 being used to limit the voltage between the gate G and the source S of the field effect transistor to prevent the field effect transistor Q1 from being broken down.

[0070] The embodiment of the present application includes an electric energy driving module and an anti-reverse connection module, wherein: the anti-reverse connection module includes a switch unit and a forward conduction unit; the electric energy driving module is used to provide a driving voltage for the switch unit; one end of the switch unit is connected to the forward conduction unit, and the other end of the switch unit is grounded, and is used to be turned on when the driving voltage provided by the electric energy driving module is greater than or equal to the conduction threshold, and is turned off when the driving voltage provided by the electric energy driving unit is less than the conduction threshold; the forward conduction unit is connected to an external battery pack, and is used to form a closed loop with the external battery pack when the switch unit is turned on. The use of a triode as a switch unit and a field effect tube as a forward conduction unit effectively avoids damage to the internal components of the driving device due to the reverse connection of the external battery, and enhances the safety of the driving device. In addition, the method of adding a tap in the middle of the transformer winding is used to provide a conduction voltage for the triode and the field effect tube, which effectively simplifies the anti-reverse connection circuit and reduces the design and maintenance costs.

[0071] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device, characterized in that: It includes an electric energy driving module and an anti-reverse connection module, wherein the anti-reverse connection module includes a switch unit and a forward conduction unit; One end of the switch unit is connected to the electric energy drive module, and the other end of the switch unit is connected to the forward conducting unit. One end of the forward conducting unit is connected to the electric energy drive module, and the other end of the forward conducting unit is connected to the vehicle battery and the external battery pack, and the vehicle battery and the external battery pack are connected in parallel; The electric energy driving module is used to output a driving voltage greater than or equal to the conduction threshold to the switch unit when the external battery pack is connected in the forward direction to turn on the switch unit, and the forward conduction unit is used to form a closed loop with the vehicle-mounted battery when the switch unit is turned on to charge the vehicle-mounted battery, wherein when the external battery pack is connected in the reverse direction, the driving voltage output by the electric energy driving module to the switch unit is less than the conduction threshold, and the switch unit is cut off; Wherein, the electric energy driving module includes a transformer winding, the transformer winding includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, the primary winding is connected to the vehicle-mounted energy supply unit, the positive pole of the secondary winding is connected to the switch unit, the negative pole of the secondary winding is grounded, the secondary winding also includes an intermediate tap, the intermediate tap is connected to the forward conduction unit, the electric energy driving module is used to convert the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted energy supply unit into a driving voltage and output it to the switch unit, the intermediate tap is used to output a reference voltage to the forward conduction unit when the switch unit is turned on, and the voltage of the reference voltage is the same as the voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery and is equal to the output voltage of the electric energy driving module; The electric energy driving module also includes a first rectifier diode, a second rectifier diode, a third rectifier diode, a first voltage-stabilizing capacitor and a second voltage-stabilizing capacitor, wherein the cathode of the first rectifier diode is connected to the cathode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the first rectifier diode is grounded; the cathode of the second rectifier diode is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the anode of the second rectifier diode is grounded; the anode of the third rectifier diode is connected to the anode of the secondary winding, and the cathode of the third rectifier diode is connected to the switch unit and the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor; one end of the first voltage-stabilizing capacitor is connected to the middle tap and the forward conduction unit, and the other end of the first voltage-stabilizing capacitor is grounded; one end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor is connected to the switch unit, and the other end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor is grounded; The switch unit comprises a transistor, the emitter of the transistor is connected to the cathode of the third rectifier diode and the second voltage stabilizing capacitor, the base of the transistor is grounded through a first protection resistor, and the collector of the transistor is connected to the forward conducting unit; The forward conduction unit includes a field effect transistor, the gate of the field effect transistor is connected to the collector of the transistor in the switch unit through a second protection resistor, the source of the field effect transistor is connected to the external battery pack, and the drain of the field effect transistor is connected to the middle tap, and is used to generate a conduction voltage between the gate of the field effect transistor and the source of the field effect transistor to conduct when the switch unit is turned on.

2. The vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forward conducting unit also includes a clamping diode, a cathode of the clamping diode is connected to the gate of the field effect tube, and an anode of the clamping diode is connected to the source of the field effect tube, and the clamping diode is used to limit the voltage between the gate and the source of the field effect tube to prevent the field effect tube from being broken down.

3. The vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The on-threshold of the driving voltage is 10-14V.

4. The vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric energy driving module also includes a fourth rectifier diode, the anode of the fourth rectifier diode is connected to the cathode of the secondary winding and the cathode of the first rectifier diode, and the cathode of the fourth rectifier diode is connected to the cathode of the third rectifier diode and the second stabilizing capacitor.

5. A vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle-mounted energy supply unit and a vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection prevention device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4; The vehicle-mounted drive reverse connection protection device is connected to the vehicle-mounted energy supply unit via a half-bridge drive circuit.

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