A method for tracing odor sources in closed spaces based on subjective and objective coupling analysis

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of odor tracing, and specifically to a method for tracing the internal odor of a closed space by subjective-objective coupling analysis. The odor tracing method comprises: selecting candidate key odor components from an objective and subjective perspective; establishing a closed space model and a control model based on their actual assembly conditions, and conducting a subjective odor evaluation on them; by comparison, eliminating non-exposed odor components that have little impact on the odor of the closed space, and obtaining key non-metallic components that substantially affect the internal odor of the closed space. The present invention proposes for the first time to use the closed space model and the control model as analysis objects, and to eliminate some non-exposed odor components that have little impact on the odor of the closed space through a subjective odor evaluation method, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of odor tracing; at the same time, through a combination of subjective and objective odor evaluation methods, the exposed odor components and non-exposed odor components are screened out as the screening basis for the second stage, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of the screening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of odor tracing technology, and in particular to a method for tracing the odor inside a closed space by subjective and objective coupling analysis. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing popularity of rail transit vehicles and the increasing public awareness of environmental protection, people are paying more and more attention to the air quality in rail vehicles. The most intuitive evaluation of the air quality in the vehicle by passengers comes from the subjective perception of the odor in the vehicle. Therefore, accurate analysis of the odor in the vehicle provides a prerequisite for improving the sensory evaluation of the air quality in the vehicle.

[0003] The odor in rail vehicles mainly comes from the non-metallic parts used in the interior, including exposed odor parts and non-exposed odor parts; among them, exposed odor parts include wall panels, roof panels, floor cloths, seats, etc.; non-exposed odor parts include cold-proof materials, cold-proof material adhesives, floor cloth adhesives, floors, car primers, damping slurry, etc.

[0004] At present, odor tracing mainly relies on the subjective odor evaluation of professional odorists, or objective odor evaluation based on odor threshold analysis and calculation. For example, the existing odor tracing research in the rail transit industry mainly traces the source through objective odor substance analysis of the air and components in the vehicle. Compared with subjective odor evaluation, although objective odor evaluation can meet the needs of odor tracing to a certain extent, it fails to fully combine with subjective feelings, and there is a certain difference between the analysis results and the actual feelings of passengers; at the same time, due to the limitations of the source and accuracy of the odor threshold used, the tracing results are inevitably biased.

[0005] More importantly, in the existing methods, whether it is subjective odor evaluation or objective odor substance analysis, full exposure testing is used for non-exposed odor components in the car; but in fact, due to the actual assembly situation in the car, not all non-exposed odor components have a substantial impact on the odor in the car, and the existing car odor evaluation method does not realize this and eliminates some non-exposed odor components that have very little actual impact on the odor in the car, resulting in the final traceability result being inaccurate and inconsistent with the actual situation of the odor in the rail vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for tracing the source of odor inside a closed space by subjective and objective coupling analysis. The method uses a combination of subjective and objective evaluation methods to screen out candidate key non-metallic components, and improves the objective evaluation method, thereby improving the accuracy of screening; at the same time, by simulating a closed space in an environmental chamber, the subjective odor evaluation is used to eliminate some non-exposed odor components that actually have little impact on the odor in the closed space, and finally the exposed odor components that really affect the odor in the closed space and some non-exposed odor components of key odors are determined, further improving the accuracy of tracing the source of odor in the closed space.

[0007] The method for tracing the odor source of non-metallic components in a closed space by subjective and objective coupling analysis provided by the present invention comprises:

[0008] The first stage: selecting candidate key odor components from objective and subjective perspectives; the key odor components include exposed odor components + non-exposed odor components;

[0009] Phase II: Based on the actual assembly of exposed odor components + non-exposed odor components obtained in Phase I, a closed space model and a control model are established, and a subjective odor evaluation is performed on them; by comparing the analysis results of the closed space model and the control model, the non-exposed odor components that have little impact on the odor of the closed space are eliminated from the closed space model components, and the key non-metallic components that substantially affect the odor in the closed space are obtained.

[0010] Through in-depth research on existing vehicle odor evaluation methods, the present invention proposes for the first time to use closed space models and control models as analysis objects, and uses subjective odor evaluation methods to eliminate some non-exposed odor components that have little impact on the closed space odor, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of odor tracing; at the same time, the present invention screens out exposed odor components and non-exposed odor components as the screening basis for the second stage by combining subjective and objective odor evaluation methods, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of screening.

[0011] That is, the idea of ​​the odor tracing method of the present invention is:

[0012] Key non-metallic components that affect the odor in the enclosed space = (exposed odor components in the second-stage enclosed space model + some non-exposed odor components) - (non-exposed odor components in the second stage that have less impact on the odor of the enclosed space).

[0013] The second stage of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1: Based on the actual assembly of the exposed odor components and non-exposed odor components selected in the first stage, a closed space model is established; and the subjective odor intensity and odor similarity level are evaluated;

[0015] S2: Based on the closed space model described in S1, one non-exposed odor component is reduced to obtain different control models; and the subjective odor intensity and odor similarity level are evaluated;

[0016] S3: Compare the evaluation results of the control model with those of the closed space model to obtain the subjective odor intensity and odor approximation level evaluation corresponding to the reduced non-exposed odor components;

[0017] That is, the analysis result of the reduced non-exposed odor component = the analysis result of the closed space model (exposed odor component + non-exposed odor component) - the analysis result of the control model (exposed odor component + non-exposed odor component);

[0018] The non-exposed odor components that cause a change in the overall odor intensity level or a change in the odor approximate level of ≥0.5 level are regarded as the non-exposed odor components of the key odor, and the rest are non-exposed odor components with less impact on the odor of the enclosed space;

[0019] That is, the non-exposed odor component with less influence on the closed space odor = the non-exposed odor component of the closed space model - the non-exposed odor component of the focus odor;

[0020] Among them, the non-exposed odor component of the key odor = the reduced non-exposed odor component with a change of ≥ 0.5 levels.

[0021] S4: Based on the overall model of S1, the non-exposed odor components with less impact on the odor of the enclosed space obtained in S3 are eliminated to obtain the key non-metallic components that actually affect the odor in the enclosed space.

[0022] The odor intensity levels are shown in Table 1.

[0023] Table 1

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] The classification of the odor types is shown in Table 2.

[0027] Table 2

[0028] Fishy smell Caramel flavor Spicy Camphor smell Paint smell Rubber smell Musty Yeast odor Vanilla The taste of fermentation Latex smell Stimulating aroma Felt smell Dust / earth smell Sweetness Honey Musty smell Glue smell Solvent smell Leather smell Smoky flavor Spicy taste Yogurt flavor Burnt smell Gasoline smell Detergent smell Fabric smell Woody smell Animal Smell Cinnamon flavor Asparagus flavor Rotten vegetable leaves smell Asphalt smell Engine oil smell Cardboard smell Urine stains / amine odor Curry flavor Onion flavor Cucumber flavor Sulphur smell Nail polish smell New clothes smell Fecal odor Yogurt flavor fungus Shrimp Flakes Flavor Diesel smell Insecticide smell Glue smell Sweat odor Nutty flavor Mint flavor Vomiting yogurt smell Tar smell Glue smell Grassy Leather odor Licorice flavor Bitter almond flavor Amine odor Mineral oil smell Vaseline Hay flavor rancid smell Coconut flavor Garlic flavor Sour / sour taste Suffocating aldehyde smell Plastic smell Soapy Rotten eggs smell Milk flavor Sour taste Coal tar smell Plasticizer odor Leather Cold smoke

[0029] The odor similarity levels are shown in Table 3.

[0030] Table 3

[0031]

[0032] Furthermore, in the first stage, the present invention uses a combination of objective odor substance analysis and subjective odor evaluation to screen key odor components, thereby improving the accuracy of screening. Objective odor substance analysis and subjective odor evaluation are described in detail below.

[0033] The objective odor substance analysis method of the key odor components of the present invention is: according to the odor activity value (OAV) of the key odor substances in each component i封闭空间 ) and the odor activity value (OAV) of the odor substance in the closed space, and the key odor components are screened; the key odor substance is the odor substance in the closed space with OAV≥1.

[0034] The odor activity value (OAV) of the odor substance in the enclosed space is obtained by preliminarily screening all odor substances in the enclosed space through TDS-GC-O / MS and calculating based on the olfactory threshold of the odor substance;

[0035] In this field, the conventional screening idea for key odor substances is: test and analyze volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a closed space; calculate the OAV of each VOC substance based on its olfactory threshold; and screen substances with OAV ≥ 1 as key odor substances. This conventional objective analysis method results in a large screening range for odor substances, low screening accuracy, and a large analysis error caused by the extensive use of olfactory thresholds.

[0036] To this end, the present invention proposes a new objective analysis idea, namely, using TDS-GC-O / MS to preliminarily screen out odorous substances in VOC in a closed space, and then calculating their OAV based on their olfactory threshold, and screening out odorous substances with OAV≥1 as key odorous substances; on the one hand, the use of TDS-GC-O / MS narrows the screening range of odorous substances, and on the other hand, avoids the analysis errors caused by the large-scale application of olfactory thresholds.

[0037] In the objective odor substance analysis method, the odor activity value (OAV) of the key odor substance i封闭空间 ) is based on the content of key odor substances in each component C i封闭空间 Calculated;

[0038] The closed space theoretical content C of the key odor substance i封闭空间 It is based on the concentration C of key odor substances in each component in the enclosed space. i袋式法 , calculated based on the actual usage of each component in the enclosed space and the volume of the enclosed space.

[0039] As one of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the objective odor substance analysis of the key odor component includes the following steps:

[0040] S1: Analyze the odor substances in the air in the enclosed space using a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometer-olfactometer (TDS-GC-O / MS), and obtain the odor substances and their concentrations in the enclosed space;

[0041] According to the concentration of odor substances in the closed space and the corresponding olfactory threshold, the odor activity value OAV of each odor substance in the closed space is calculated; and the substances with OAV ≥ 1 are regarded as the key odor substances in the closed space;

[0042] OAV of odorant = concentration of odorant / corresponding olfactory threshold

[0043] S2: Calculate the weight coefficient K of the key odor substances in the closed space among all the odor substances in the closed space respectively. The calculation method is as shown in formula (1):

[0044]

[0045] in:

[0046] K i is the odor weight coefficient of the i-th key odor substance;

[0047] OAV i is the odor activity value of the i-th key odor substance;

[0048] n is the number of key odor substances in the enclosed space.

[0049] S3: Use the bag method to perform VOC full spectrum testing and analysis on the exposed odor components + non-exposed odor components, and obtain the concentration C of the key odor substances in each component in the above enclosed space. i袋式法 ;

[0050] Combined with the actual usage of each component in the enclosed space and the volume of the enclosed space, the enclosed space theoretical content C of the key odor substances in each component in the enclosed space is calculated. i封闭空间 , the calculation method is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] in:

[0053] C i封闭空间 is the theoretical content of the ith key odor substance in the component in a closed space, mg / m 3 ;

[0054] C i袋式法 is the content of the ith key odor substance in the component during bag test, mg / m 3 ;

[0055] V 测试is the gas filling volume during the bag test of the component, m 3 ;

[0056] S 封闭空间 It is the actual usage of the components in the enclosed space, seats / piece, paint adhesives / g, other products / m 2 ;

[0057] S 测试取样量 The sample volume for bag test, seats / piece, other products / m 2 ;

[0058] V 封闭空间 To test the volume of the enclosed space, m 3 .

[0059] When the VOC test is performed on each component using the bag method, there is a certain difference between the sampling volume and the release space and the actual situation of the component in the closed space. The present invention establishes the bag method test result C of the component material in step S3. i袋式法 The theoretical content value C of the component in the enclosed space i封闭空间 The relationship between the bag method and the actual situation is avoided by directly using the bag method results, ensuring the OAV i封闭空间 Calculation result accuracy.

[0060] S4: According to the closed space theoretical content C i封闭空间 The odor activity method (OAV) is used to calculate the closed space theoretical activity value (OAV) of the key odor substances in the closed space in each component. i封闭空间 ;

[0061] OAV i封闭空间 =C i封闭空间 / Odor threshold of the corresponding substance

[0062] S5: Based on the weight coefficient K and the closed space theoretical activity value OAV i封闭空间 , the matching degree (MD) between the odor of each component and the odor in the closed space is calculated;

[0063] The MD calculation method is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] in:

[0066] OAV i封闭空间 is the theoretical activity value of the ith key odor substance in the component in a closed space;

[0067] K i is the odor weight coefficient of the i-th key odor substance in the enclosed space;

[0068] m is the number of key odor substances detected in the component and is in the enclosed space.

[0069] S6: According to the matching degree, sort and select the components with a higher matching degree with the odor of the enclosed space as the candidate key odor components.

[0070] More specifically, the subjective odor evaluation screening of the key odor components includes the following steps:

[0071] S1: Subjective odor evaluation of the air in the enclosed space, including odor intensity and odor type;

[0072] S2: Use the bag method to conduct subjective odor evaluation on individual components in proportion to the amount of each internal non-metal exposed + non-exposed odor component in the enclosed space and the amount of space released in the enclosed space;

[0073] S3: Components with odor intensity or type close to that of the enclosed space are selected as candidate key odor components (subjective perspective).

[0074] In the specific analysis process, since the subjective odor evaluation results are closely related to the sampling volume and the release space during the test, in order to ensure that the subjective odor evaluation results of each component are comparable with the results of the closed space, the test is reduced in proportion to the amount of each internal non-metallic exposed + non-exposed odor component in the closed space and the release space in the closed space; the sampling bags are of various specifications, and the bag method can be used to conduct subjective odor evaluation of the reduced components.

[0075] The odor tracing method described in the present invention can be used for tracing the odor source inside the closed space of transportation vehicles such as airplanes, rail vehicles (such as high-speed trains) or cars, and can also be used for tracing the odor source in interior decoration.

[0076] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0077] The present invention utilizes objective odor substance analysis and subjective odor evaluation to screen out non-metallic exposed + non-exposed interior components that affect the odor in a closed space from an objective and subjective perspective respectively; then, the subjective and objective screening results are integrated as candidate key non-metallic components, and these key non-metallic components are assembled to simulate a closed space according to their exposure conditions and usage in the closed space, and with the help of subjective odor evaluation that can simulate the actual feelings of passengers, non-exposed odor components that have little impact on the odor in the closed space are eliminated; finally, the exposed + key odor non-exposed odor components that really affect the odor in the closed space are determined, thereby improving the accuracy of tracing the odor source in the closed space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0078] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the process of the odor tracing method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] This embodiment provides an odor tracing method that integrates objective odor substance analysis and subjective odor evaluation (bag method and cabin method). Taking the interior of a closed vehicle as an example, Figure 1 As shown, specifically including the following:

[0082] Phase 1 : Firstly, the exposed and non-exposed interior parts that cause odor in the car are screened out from the objective and subjective perspectives through objective odor substance analysis and subjective odor evaluation respectively;

[0083] The objective odor substance analysis and screening of key odor components comprises the following steps:

[0084] S1: The odor substances in the collected rail vehicle interior air are analyzed using a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometer-olfactometer (TDS-GC-O / MS), and the corresponding odor substances and their concentrations in the vehicle are obtained;

[0085] The odor activity value (OAV, equal to the concentration of the odor substance divided by the corresponding olfactory threshold) of each odor substance in the car is calculated using the odor activity method, and substances with OAV ≥ 1 are regarded as key odor substances in the car;

[0086] S2: Calculate the weight coefficient K of the key odor substances in the car odor respectively, and the calculation method is as shown in formula (1):

[0087]

[0088] in:

[0089] K i is the odor weight coefficient of the i-th key odor substance;

[0090] OAV i is the odor activity value of the i-th key odor substance;

[0091] n is the number of key odor substances in the enclosed space.

[0092] S3: Use the bag method to conduct VOC full spectrum testing and analysis on the non-metal exposed + non-exposed odor components inside, and obtain the concentration C of the key odor substances in each component in the above enclosed space. i袋式法 ; Combined with the actual usage of each component in the enclosed space and the volume of the vehicle compartment, the theoretical content of the key odor substances in each component in the vehicle C is calculated. i封闭空间 , the calculation method is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] in:

[0095] C i封闭空间 is the theoretical content of the ith key odor substance in the component in a closed space, mg / m 3 ;

[0096] C i袋式法 is the content of the ith key odor substance in the component during bag test, mg / m 3 ;

[0097] V 测试 is the gas filling volume during the bag test of the component, m 3 ;

[0098] S 封闭空间 It is the actual usage of the components in the enclosed space, seats / piece, paint adhesives / g, other products / m 2 ;

[0099] S 测试取样量 The sample volume for bag test, seats / piece, other products / m 2 ;

[0100] V 封闭空间 To test the volume of the enclosed space, m 3 .

[0101] S4: According to the closed space theoretical content C i封闭空间 The odor activity method (OAV) is used to calculate the closed space theoretical activity value (OAV) of the key odor substances in the closed space in each component. i封闭空间 (equal to C i封闭空间 divided by the olfactory threshold of the corresponding substance);

[0102] S5: Based on the weight coefficient K and the closed space theoretical activity value OAV i封闭空间 , calculate the matching degree (MD) between the odor of each component and the odor in the enclosed space;. The MD calculation method is as shown in formula (3):

[0103]

[0104] in:

[0105] OAV i封闭空间 is the theoretical activity value of the ith key odor substance in the component in a closed space;

[0106] K i is the odor weight coefficient of the i-th key odor substance in the enclosed space;

[0107] m is the number of key odor substances detected in the component and is in the enclosed space.

[0108] S6: Based on the matching degree, sort and select the parts with the highest matching degree with the whole vehicle odor as the candidate key odor parts (objective perspective)

[0109] The subjective odor evaluation and screening of key odor components comprises the following steps:

[0110] S1: Subjective odor evaluation of the air inside the rail vehicle compartment, including odor intensity and odor type;

[0111] S2: Use the bag method to reduce the proportion of each interior non-metallic exposed + non-exposed odor component in the vehicle and the free space in the vehicle, and conduct subjective odor evaluation on each component;

[0112] The odor intensity levels are shown in Table 1.

[0113] Table 1 Odor intensity rating

[0114]

[0115] The classification of the odor types is shown in Table 2.

[0116] Table 2

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] The odor similarity level classification is shown in Table 3;

[0120] Table 3

[0121]

[0122] S3: Components with odor intensity or type close to that of the entire vehicle are selected as candidate key odor components (subjective perspective).

[0123] Phase II : Comprehensive subjective and objective screening results are used as candidate key non-metallic components, and the whole vehicle is simulated in an environmental chamber based on these candidate key interior components. The actual impact of non-exposure odor components among the aforementioned candidate key interior components on the vehicle's interior odor is clarified through subjective odor evaluation of the whole vehicle model, and finally the key non-metallic components that truly affect the vehicle's interior odor are determined.

[0124] The subjective odor evaluation of the whole vehicle model includes the following steps:

[0125] S1: The candidate key odor components selected from both objective and subjective perspectives are assembled according to their assembly methods and exposure conditions on the vehicle, and then placed in an environmental chamber to simulate the whole vehicle for subjective odor intensity and odor similarity evaluation;

[0126] S2: Based on the assembly in S1, one non-exposed odor component is reduced to form a new assembly. The new assemblies are placed in the chamber for testing, and the subjective odor intensity and odor similarity level are evaluated, and compared with the results of the assembly in S1. The odor similarity level classification is shown in Table 3;

[0127] S3: Screen the non-exposed odor components in S2 that cause a change in the overall odor intensity level or a change in the odor approximation level of ≥0.5 as the non-exposed odor components with key odors, and the rest are non-exposed odor components with less impact on the odor of the entire vehicle;

[0128] S4: Based on the assembly in S1, the non-exposed odor components in S3 that have less impact on the odor of the entire vehicle are eliminated, and the rest are the key non-metallic components that affect the odor inside the vehicle.

[0129] Based on the results, floor cloth, window wall panels, body primer and damping slurry were finally determined to be the key odor components affecting the odor of the entire vehicle.

[0130] The existing odor tracing methods were used to analyze the interior of the above-mentioned vehicles. In addition to the floor cloth, window wall panels, body primer and damping slurry, the key odor components also included the non-exposed parts of the floor cloth adhesive and the cold-proof material adhesive.

[0131] Based on the actual assembly of these key odor components, a whole vehicle model and a control model with reduced non-exposed components were established, and with the help of a subjective odor evaluation method that can simulate the odor perception of passengers during actual riding, it was concluded that although these two non-exposed components have a strong odor themselves, they are located on the non-exposed surface of the car and have little actual impact on the odor of the entire vehicle, and should not be used as traceability objects.

[0132] By comparing with the existing odor tracing method, it can be seen that the odor tracing method provided by the present invention has higher accuracy.

[0133] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for tracing the source of odors from non-metallic parts in a closed space, characterized in that: include: The first stage: Screening out candidate key odor components from objective and subjective perspectives; the key odor components obtained include exposed odor components and non-exposed odor components; Phase II: Based on the actual assembly of odor-exposed components and non-odor-exposed components obtained in Phase I, a closed space model and a control model are established; and a subjective odor evaluation is performed on the closed space model and the control model; By comparing the analysis results of the closed space model and the control model, the non-exposed odor components that have little impact on the odor of the closed space are eliminated, and the key non-metallic components that actually affect the odor inside the closed space are obtained; The second stage includes the following steps: S1: Based on the actual assembly of the exposed odor components and non-exposed odor components selected in the first stage, a closed space model is established; and the subjective odor intensity and odor similarity level are evaluated; S2: Based on the closed space model described in S1, one non-exposed odor component is reduced to obtain different control models; and the subjective odor intensity and odor similarity level are evaluated; S3: Compare the evaluation results of the control model with those of the closed space model to obtain the subjective odor intensity and odor approximation level evaluation corresponding to the reduced non-exposed odor components; The non-exposed odor components that cause a change in the overall odor intensity level or a change in the odor approximate level of ≥0.5 level are regarded as the non-exposed odor components of the key odor, and the rest are non-exposed odor components that have a small impact on the odor of the entire enclosed space; S4: Based on the alternative exposed odor components + non-exposed odor components of the overall model of S1, the non-exposed odor components in S3 that have little impact on the odor of the entire enclosed space are eliminated to obtain the key non-metallic components that affect the odor in the enclosed space.

2. The method for tracing the odor source of non-metallic parts in a closed space according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first stage, a combination of objective odor substance analysis and subjective odor evaluation is used to screen key odor components; The objective odor substance analysis method of the key odor components is: according to the odor activity value OAV of the key odor substances in each component i封闭空间 The matching degree with the odor activity value OAV of the odor substance in the closed space is used to screen out the key odor components; the key odor substance is the odor substance in the closed space with OAV≥1.

3. The method for tracing the odor source of non-metallic parts in a closed space according to claim 2, characterized in that: The odor activity value OAV of the odor substance in the closed space is obtained by preliminarily screening out all odor substances in the closed space through TDS-GC-O / MS and calculating based on the olfactory threshold of the odor substance.

4. The method for tracing the source of odor of non-metallic parts in a closed space according to claim 2, characterized in that: Odor activity value OAV of the key odor substance i封闭空间 It is based on the theoretical content of the key odor substances in each component in the entire enclosed space C i封闭空间 Calculated; The theoretical content of the key odor substance in the whole enclosed space C i封闭空间 It is based on the concentration C of key odor substances in each component in the enclosed space. i袋式法 , calculated based on the actual usage of each component in the enclosed space and the volume of the enclosed space compartment.

5. The method for tracing the odor source of non-metallic parts in a closed space according to claim 4, characterized in that: The objective odor substance analysis of the key odor component comprises the following steps: S1: Use TDS-GC-O / MS to analyze the odor substances in the air in the enclosed space, and obtain the odor substances and their concentrations in the enclosed space; According to the concentration of odor substances in the closed space and the corresponding olfactory threshold, the odor activity value OAV of each odor substance in the closed space is calculated; and the substances with OAV ≥ 1 are regarded as the key odor substances in the closed space; S2: Calculate the weight coefficient K of the key odor substances in the closed space among all the odor substances in the closed space respectively. The calculation formula is as follows: in: K i is the odor weight coefficient of the i-th key odor substance; OAV i is the odor activity value of the i-th key odor substance; n is the number of key odor substances in the enclosed space; S3: Use the bag method to perform VOC full spectrum testing and analysis on the exposed odor components and non-exposed odor components, and obtain the concentration C of the key odor substances in each component in the above enclosed space. i袋式法 ; Combined with the actual usage of each component in the enclosed space and the volume of the enclosed space, the theoretical content of the whole enclosed space C of the key odor substances in each component is calculated. i封闭空间 , the calculation formula is as follows: in: C i封闭空间 is the theoretical content of the ith key odor substance in the component in a closed space, mg / m 3 ; C i袋式法 is the content of the ith key odor substance in the component during bag test, mg / m 3 ; V 测试 is the gas filling volume during the bag test of the component, m 3 ; S 封闭空间 It is the actual usage of the components in the enclosed space, seats / piece, paint adhesives / g, other products / m 2 ; S 测试取样量 The sample volume for bag test, seats / piece, other products / m 2 ; V 封闭空间 The volume of the test enclosed space box, m 3 ; S4: According to the theoretical content of the entire enclosed space C i封闭空间 The odor activity method OAV is used to calculate the theoretical activity value OAV of the key odor substances in the enclosed space in each component. i封闭空间 ; OAV i封闭空间 =C i封闭空间 / Odor threshold of the corresponding substance S5: According to the weight coefficient K, the theoretical activity value OAV of the entire closed space i封闭空间 , calculate the matching degree MD between the odor of each component and the odor in the closed space; The MD calculation formula is as follows: in: OAV i封闭空间 is the theoretical activity value of the ith key odor substance in the component in a closed space; K i is the odor weight coefficient of the i-th key odor substance in the enclosed space; m is the number of key odor substances detected in the component and in the enclosed space; S6: According to the matching degree, sort and select the components with higher matching degree with the odor of the entire enclosed space as the candidate key odor components.

6. The method for tracing the odor source of non-metallic parts in a closed space according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The subjective odor evaluation screening of the key odor components comprises the following steps: S1: Subjective odor evaluation of the air in the enclosed space compartment of the railway vehicle, including odor intensity and odor type; S2: Use the bag method to conduct subjective odor evaluation on individual components according to the proportion of each internal non-metal exposed + non-exposed odor component used in the enclosed space and the released space in the enclosed space; S3: Components with odor intensity or type close to that of the entire enclosed space are selected as candidate key odor components.

7. The method for tracing the odor source of non-metallic parts in a closed space according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The enclosed space is an enclosed space of an airplane, a rail vehicle or a car.

8. The method for tracing the source of odor of non-metallic parts in a closed space according to claim 6, characterized in that: The enclosed space is an enclosed space of an airplane, a rail vehicle or a car.

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