Array fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for tunnel

Abstract

The present invention provides an array type fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for a lane: comprising a plurality of wind pressure sensors, a sensor compensation device, a fiber grating demodulator, a wireless module and a remote monitoring system, wherein the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device are optically connected to the signal input end of the fiber grating demodulator after being connected in series via optical fibers; the output end of the fiber grating demodulator is electrically connected to the wireless module; the wireless module is wirelessly connected to the remote monitoring system; the sensor compensation device is arranged between a plurality of selected wind pressure sensors; the plurality of wind pressure sensors and the sensor compensation device are arranged in the lane and distributed along the extension direction of the lane; the present invention is suitable for long-term monitoring and multi-point monitoring of the lane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of long-term monitoring of environmental wind pressure in mine tunnels, and in particular relates to an arrayed fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for tunnels. Background Art

[0002] Wind pressure sensor is a commonly used sensor in current engineering and is widely used in tunnels, water conservancy, construction, electricity, aviation and other fields.

[0003] The current wind pressure sensors can accurately measure single-point wind pressure, but most of them are difficult to achieve long-term and multi-point monitoring. In addition, long-term monitoring in tunnels, especially return air tunnels, will cause dust accumulation on the sensors, resulting in poor long-term monitoring effects. In addition, most existing sensing technologies use metal strain gauges to measure wind pressure, which has limited accuracy when the wind pressure is low. At the same time, in tunnels with complex electromagnetic and acoustic environments, there is interference with resistive sensors, Hall sensors, and ultrasonic sensors. In summary, there is currently a lack of a wind pressure sensor that can perform long-term multi-point monitoring in tunnels and has strong stability and anti-interference capabilities. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide an array fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for tunnels, which is suitable for long-term monitoring and multi-point monitoring of tunnels.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an array fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for a lane, characterized in that it includes a plurality of wind pressure sensors, a sensor compensation device, a fiber grating demodulator, a wireless module and a remote monitoring system, wherein the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device are optically connected to the signal input end of the fiber grating demodulator after being connected in series through optical fibers; the output end of the fiber grating demodulator is electrically connected to the wireless module; the wireless module is wirelessly connected to the remote monitoring system; the sensor compensation device is arranged between a plurality of selected wind pressure sensors; the plurality of wind pressure sensors and the sensor compensation device are arranged in the lane and distributed along the extension direction of the lane; all wind pressure sensors are used to feed back the wind pressure sensor to the monitoring fiber grating demodulator The sensor compensation device is used to feedback to the monitoring fiber grating demodulator the changes of the internal components of the sensor compensation device at its setting position caused by the influence of wind pressure; the fiber grating demodulator is used to calculate the current wind pressure data in the tunnel and the relative positions of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device according to the feedback information of the several wind pressure sensors and the sensor compensation device, and send the current wind pressure data and the relative position data of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device to the remote monitoring system through the wireless module; the remote monitoring system is used to display the received current wind pressure data and the relative position data of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the wind pressure sensor includes a negative pressure chamber, a positive pressure chamber, an airtight film, a first pitot tube, and a second pitot tube; wherein the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber are coaxially arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel to form an integrated cavity structure, and the positive pressure chamber is arranged at the front end of the negative pressure chamber; an airtight film is arranged between the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber, and the airtight film is divided into two chambers; the first pitot tube is arranged in the positive pressure chamber, and the positive pressure chamber is connected to the outside air through the first pitot tube; the extension direction of the first pitot tube is the same as the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber; the second pitot tube is arranged in the negative pressure chamber, and the negative pressure chamber is connected to the outside air through the second pitot tube; the extension direction of the second pitot tube is perpendicular to the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber; a fiber grating is arranged on the airtight film; the fiber grating is arranged in the negative pressure chamber; the fiber grating as an internal device of the wind pressure sensor is optically connected to the fiber grating demodulator through optical fiber; the fiber gratings of several wind pressure sensors are optically connected to the signal input end of the grating demodulator after being connected in series through optical fibers.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the sensor compensation device includes a negative pressure chamber, a positive pressure chamber, an airtight film, a fiber grating, a second pitot tube, and a third pitot tube; wherein the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber are coaxially arranged along the extension direction of the lane to form an integrated cavity structure, and the positive pressure chamber is arranged at the front end of the negative pressure chamber; an airtight film is arranged between the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber, and the airtight film is separated into two chambers; a third pitot tube is arranged in the positive pressure chamber of the sensor compensation device, and the positive pressure chamber in the sensor compensation device is connected to the outside air through the third pitot tube; the extension direction of the third pitot tube is parallel to that of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber. The axial direction of the pressure chamber is perpendicular; a second Pitot tube is arranged in the negative pressure chamber, and the negative pressure chamber is connected to the outside air through the second Pitot tube; the extension direction of the second Pitot tube is perpendicular to the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber; a fiber grating is arranged on the airtight film; the fiber grating is arranged in the negative pressure chamber; the fiber grating in the sensor compensation device is optically connected to the fiber grating demodulator through optical fiber as an internal component of the sensor compensation device; the fiber gratings of several wind pressure sensors and the fiber gratings in the sensor compensation device are optically connected to the signal input end of the grating demodulator after being connected in series through optical fiber.

[0008] In the above technical scheme, the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device also include a coaxially arranged steering bearing and a fixed hollow rod; the axes of the steering bearing and the fixed hollow rod are perpendicular to the axis directions of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber; the fixed hollow rod is fixed on the inner wall of the tunnel; the negative pressure chamber is connected to the fixed hollow rod through the steering bearing and realizes steering; the negative pressure chamber, the steering bearing and the fixed hollow rod are correspondingly provided with through holes for leading out optical fibers.

[0009] In the above technical scheme, the tail ends of the wind pressure sensor and the negative pressure chamber of the sensor compensation device are both provided with tail wings, and the tail wings are fixedly connected to the negative pressure chamber through a connecting rod; the extension direction of the connecting rod is the same as the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber; the wing surface of the tail wing is vertically arranged and is on the same plane as the axis of the negative pressure chamber; the tail wing makes the first Pitot tube always face the wind flow direction, and the second Pitot tube and the third Pitot tube are always perpendicular to the wind flow direction; the tail wing makes the center of gravity of the wind pressure sensor and the fixed hollow rod on the same vertical line.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the tube opening of the first Pitot tube located inside the positive pressure chamber extends vertically upward; the tube opening at the other end of the first Pitot tube extends along the axial direction of the positive pressure chamber to the outside of the positive pressure chamber; the tube opening of the second Pitot tube located inside the negative pressure chamber extends along the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber; the tube opening at the other end of the second Pitot tube extends vertically downward to the cavity wall of the negative pressure chamber; the tube opening of the third Pitot tube located inside the positive pressure chamber extends along the axial direction of the positive pressure chamber; the tube opening at the other end of the third Pitot tube extends vertically downward to the cavity wall of the positive pressure chamber.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the positive pressure cavity and the negative pressure cavity of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device use dust-free glass as the cavity shell, and the surface is sprayed with inorganic nano-silicon material.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the wind pressure sensor and the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber of the sensor compensation device are connected by threads.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the airtight film of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device is an elastic film; the threaded structure of the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device cooperates with each other to clamp the airtight film between the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber and tighten it; the optical fiber Bragg grating is pasted to the center position of the airtight film.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the fiber Bragg grating demodulator calculates the positions of all fiber Bragg gratings and the wind pressure changes at their locations through the return time and the change of the return center wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating reflected light of each wind pressure sensor, and then subtracts the system error measured by the fiber Bragg grating of the sensor compensation device to obtain the actual wind pressure change. The fiber Bragg grating demodulator calculates the relative position of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device through the time length of the fiber Bragg grating reflected light of the sensor compensation device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can avoid the influence of external factors such as dust, vibration, electromagnetic interference, etc. in the lane on the sensor, and is suitable for long-term monitoring and multi-point monitoring of the lane. The present invention uses dust-free glass as the pitot tube and the sensor housing, and the dust in the lane is not easy to stick to the sensor or the pitot tube mouth, thereby avoiding data drift during long-term monitoring. The present invention uses an elastic film material as a substrate to avoid damage to the internal structure of the sensor during blasting vibration, and adjusts the sensitivity of the film deformation by adjusting the force of tightening the airtight film. The present invention uses an arrayed fiber grating as a sensitive element, and the propagation of light will not be affected by the electromagnetic environment, and electromagnetic interference is avoided in principle. The arrayed fiber grating can identify fiber gratings at different distances with a demodulator, and can realize multi-point monitoring data transmission on one optical path. The connection method between the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber of the present invention is convenient for disassembly and replacement of the airtight film and the fiber grating. The design of the steering bearing support and the fixed hollow rod of the present invention facilitates the extraction of the optical fiber. Among them, the series connection of the wind pressure sensor and the data transmission method are convenient for monitoring the wind pressure distribution in the lane, and the series connection method of the wind pressure sensor is simple and easy to install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred example of an array fiber Bragg grating wind pressure sensor device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred example of the array fiber Bragg grating wind pressure sensor of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred example of the airtight film of the array-type fiber Bragg grating wind pressure sensor of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred example of the sensor compensation device of the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 1-negative pressure chamber, 2-positive pressure chamber, 3-airtight film, 4-tail wing, 5-steering bearing, 6-fixed hollow rod, 7-first Pitot tube, 8-second Pitot tube, 9-fiber Bragg grating, 10-fiber Bragg grating demodulator, 11-wireless module, 12-third Pitot tube, 13-wind pressure sensor, 14-sensor compensation device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to facilitate a clear understanding of the present invention, but they do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides an array fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for a lane, comprising a plurality of wind pressure sensors 13, a sensor compensation device 14, a fiber grating demodulator 10, a wireless module 11 and a remote monitoring system, wherein the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device are optically connected to the signal input end of the fiber grating demodulator 10 after being connected in series through optical fibers; the output end of the fiber grating demodulator 10 is electrically connected to the wireless module 11; the wireless module 11 is wirelessly connected to the remote monitoring system; the sensor compensation device is arranged between two selected wind pressure sensors; the plurality of wind pressure sensors and the sensor compensation device are arranged in the lane and distributed along the extension direction of the lane; all wind pressure sensors are used to feed back the wind pressure sensor to the monitoring fiber grating demodulator 10 The changes of the internal components at their setting positions caused by the wind pressure; the sensor compensation device is used to feedback to the monitoring fiber grating demodulator 10 the changes of the internal components of the sensor compensation device at their setting positions caused by environmental factors other than wind pressure; the fiber grating demodulator 10 is used to calculate the current wind pressure data in the lane and the relative positions of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device according to the feedback information of the several wind pressure sensors and the sensor compensation device, and send the current wind pressure data and the relative position data of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device to the remote monitoring system through the wireless module 11; the remote monitoring system is used to display and store the received current wind pressure data and the relative position data of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device. The fiber grating demodulator 10 has a functional module for distinguishing fiber gratings 9 at different distances, can calculate the reflection time of light, has a conversion module for converting the reflected light signal into a wind pressure electrical signal, and can identify and calculate the changes in the main frequency of the reflected light. The remote monitoring system transmits data with the fiber grating demodulator 10 through a wireless network system such as a cellular network and a WiFi network. The remote monitoring system is implemented through technologies such as HTML and can realize monitoring in any place with Internet. Only one temperature compensation device is needed for the same temperature area. The temperature compensation device in a certain temperature area is arranged between two adjacent wind pressure sensors selected in the area.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the fiber grating demodulator 10 calculates the position of all fiber gratings 9 and the wind pressure change at the position through the return time and the change of the return center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating 9 of each wind pressure sensor, and then subtracts the system error measured by the fiber grating 9 of the sensor compensation device to obtain the actual wind pressure change. The fiber grating demodulator 10 calculates the relative position of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device through the time length of the reflected light of the fiber grating 9 of the sensor compensation device. When the data transmission system is used, a single wind pressure sensor is arranged in series to form a series wind pressure sensor array, which can realize remote monitoring of the wind pressure change in the tunnel.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the wind pressure sensor includes a negative pressure chamber 1, a positive pressure chamber 2, an airtight film 3, a first Pitot tube 7, and a second Pitot tube 8; wherein the negative pressure chamber 1 and the positive pressure chamber 2 are coaxially arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel to form an integrated cavity structure, and the positive pressure chamber 2 is arranged at the front end of the negative pressure chamber; an airtight film 3 is arranged between the negative pressure chamber 1 and the positive pressure chamber 2, and the airtight film 3 is divided into two chambers; the first Pitot tube 7 is arranged in the positive pressure chamber 2, and the positive pressure chamber 2 is connected to the outside air through the first Pitot tube 7; the extension direction of the first Pitot tube 7 is parallel to the negative pressure chamber 1 and the positive pressure chamber 2. The axial direction of the cavity 2 is the same; the second Pitot tube 8 is arranged in the negative pressure cavity 1, and the negative pressure cavity 1 is connected to the outside air through the second Pitot tube 8; the extension direction of the second Pitot tube 8 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the negative pressure cavity 1 and the positive pressure cavity 2; a fiber grating 9 is arranged on the airtight film 3; the fiber grating 9 is arranged in the negative pressure cavity 1; the fiber grating 9 is electrically connected to the fiber grating demodulator 10 through optical fiber as an internal device of the wind pressure sensor; the fiber gratings 9 of several wind pressure sensors are optically connected to the signal input end of the grating demodulator after being connected in series through optical fibers.

[0025] There is a fiber Bragg grating 9 as a sensitive element on the airtight film 3. During use, since the first Pitot tube 7 is facing the wind direction and the second Pitot tube 8 is perpendicular to the wind, a pressure difference is formed between the positive pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure chamber 1. Since there is an airtight film 3 between the two chambers, the airtight film 3 is concave to the side of the negative pressure chamber 1 under the action of the pressure difference at both ends, and the airtight film 3 produces strain, so that the fiber Bragg grating 9 obtains tensile strain. The change in the grating area length of the fiber Bragg grating 9 is measured by the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 10, and the dynamic pressure of the wind flow is calculated based on the relationship between the change in the grating area length and the pressure.

[0026] The above technical solution also includes a coaxially arranged steering bearing 5 and a fixed hollow rod 6; the axes of the steering bearing 5 and the fixed hollow rod 6 are perpendicular to the axes of the negative pressure chamber 1 and the positive pressure chamber 2; the fixed hollow rod 6 is fixed on the inner wall of the tunnel; the negative pressure chamber 1 is connected to the fixed hollow rod 6 through the steering bearing 5 and realizes steering; the negative pressure chamber 1, the steering bearing 5 and the fixed hollow rod 6 are correspondingly provided with through holes for leading out optical fibers. The bearing support enables the sensor to turn left and right, and the fixed hollow rod 6 is used to fix the sensor in the tunnel. The bearing support and the hollow rod have through holes for leading out optical fibers, which are used together to protect the data transmission optical fiber and allow the optical fiber to pass into and out of the sensor.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the tail end of the negative pressure chamber 1 is provided with a tail wing 4, and the tail wing 4 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure chamber 1 through a connecting rod; the extension direction of the connecting rod is the same as the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber 1; the wing surface of the tail wing 4 is vertically arranged and is on the same plane as the axis of the negative pressure chamber 1; the tail wing 4 makes the first pitot tube 7 always face the wind flow direction, and the second pitot tube 8 is always perpendicular to the wind flow direction; the tail wing 4 makes the center of gravity of the wind pressure sensor and the fixed hollow rod 6 on the same vertical line. The tail wing 4 is used to control the left and right rotation of the wind pressure sensor, and the tail wing 4 makes the first pitot tube 7 always face the wind flow direction, and the second pitot tube 8 is always perpendicular to the wind flow direction.

[0028] The positive pressure chamber 2 is connected to the negative pressure chamber 1 by threads. The threaded position is provided with anti-slip grooves to facilitate the installation and replacement of the airtight film 3. The negative pressure chamber 1 is welded to the tail wing 4. The center of gravity of the control sensor is on the same vertical line as the fixed hollow rod 6. The steering bearing 5 support and the fixed hollow rod 6 are provided with through holes for optical fiber connection to external facilities.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the pipe opening of the first Pitot tube 7 located inside the positive pressure chamber 2 extends vertically upward; the pipe opening at the other end of the first Pitot tube 7 extends along the axial direction of the positive pressure chamber 2 to the outside of the positive pressure chamber 2; the internal pipe opening of the first Pitot tube 7 is vertically upward, so as to prevent condensed water or stains from falling into the sensor. The pipe opening of the second Pitot tube 8 located inside the negative pressure chamber 1 extends along the axial direction of the positive pressure chamber 2; the pipe opening at the other end of the second Pitot tube 8 extends vertically downward to the cavity wall of the negative pressure chamber 1. When the pipe opening of the second Pitot tube 8 is vertically downward and remains perpendicular to the wind flow direction, condensed water or stains are prevented from falling into the sensor.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the positive pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure chamber 1 use dust-free glass as the cavity shell, and the surface is sprayed with inorganic nano-silicon material. Since dust-free glass is used as the sensor manufacturing material, even in long-term monitoring under dirty wind conditions, the mouth of the Pitot tube is difficult to be blocked by dust, and the monitoring results are reliable for a long time. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the glass is coated with a layer of inorganic nano-silicon, which is characterized by a super-hydrophilic coating on the surface and good dust resistance, independent of sunlight, and works in a completely dark environment, and is used to reduce the influence of dust in the lane on the accuracy of the sensor.

[0031] In the above technical solution, the airtight film 3 is an elastic film; the threaded structure of the positive pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure chamber 1 cooperates with each other to sandwich the airtight film 3 between the positive pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure chamber 1 and tightens it; the fiber grating 9 is pasted to the center of the airtight film 3. When in use, the sensitivity of the wind pressure sensor can be adjusted by adjusting the different tightening strengths of the airtight film 3.

[0032] like Figure 4As shown, the sensor compensation device is used for temperature compensation of the sensor and stress relaxation compensation of the airtight film 3 in long-term monitoring, and includes a negative pressure chamber 1, a positive pressure chamber 2, an airtight film 3, a fiber Bragg grating 9, a second pitot tube 8, a third pitot tube 12, a tail wing 4, a steering bearing 5, and a fixed hollow rod 6; the positive pressure chamber 2 in the sensor compensation device is not provided with a first pitot tube 7 but is provided with a third pitot tube 12, and the positive pressure chamber 2 in the sensor compensation device is connected to the outside air through the third pitot tube 12; the third pitot tube 12 extends vertically downward to the cavity wall of the positive pressure chamber 2; the pipe opening of the third pitot tube 12 located in the positive pressure chamber 2 extends along the axial direction of the positive pressure chamber 2; the arrangement of other components in the sensor compensation device is the same as that of the wind pressure sensor; the fiber Bragg grating 9 in the sensor compensation device is electrically connected to the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 10 as an internal device of the sensor compensation device through optical fiber; the fiber Bragg grating 9 of several wind pressure sensors and the fiber Bragg grating 9 in the sensor compensation device are optically connected to the signal input end of the grating demodulator after being connected in series through optical fiber. When in use, under the combined effect of wind flow and tail wing 4, the central axis of the sensor compensation device is always facing the wind flow direction, and the second pitot tube 8 and the third pitot tube 12 are perpendicular to the wind flow direction. The pressure between the positive pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure chamber 1 is equal, and the airtight film 3 will not be deformed by the wind flow pressure, thereby causing the grating area length of the fiber grating 9 to change. However, changes in temperature in the tunnel, long-term monitoring time, and the impact of corrosive gases in the air on the airtight film 3 will cause the grating area length of the fiber grating 9 to change. The above-mentioned influencing factors have the same impact on the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of long-term monitoring, the following settings are set. Figure 4 The sensor compensation device shown can directly measure and eliminate the influence of adverse factors.

[0033] The invention discloses an array type fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for a lane, which is suitable for long-term measurement of wind pressure changes in a long lane. Compared with other existing wind pressure sensors, the present invention has the following innovations and advantages: it is suitable for various harsh electromagnetic environments, vibration environments and pollution conditions in lanes, and an elastic airtight film is used inside, which can change different sensitivities to adapt to lanes with different wind speeds; dust-free glass is used outside, and there is no dust accumulation, which solves the problem of long-term monitoring data drift; the airtight film is located inside the cavity, and there is no obvious gas flow inside the cavity, thereby increasing the stability and service life of the airtight film and the fiber grating; the sensitive element adopts an array fiber grating, which uses light as the information transmission medium and is not affected by the complex electromagnetic environment. The array fiber grating can achieve multi-point simultaneous monitoring and use the light path of the same optical fiber, which reduces the loss of the optical fiber in long-distance monitoring and saves costs; all circuits are concentrated in the fiber grating demodulator, which reduces the impact of various vibrations in the lane on the service life of the sensor; through the series connection of multiple wind pressure sensors, compensation facilities and fiber grating demodulators and the data transmission of wireless modules and remote monitoring systems, the monitoring of lane wind pressure data at any time and any place is realized.

[0034] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An array fiber Bragg grating wind pressure sensor device for a lane, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of wind pressure sensors, a sensor compensation device, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator, a wireless module and a remote monitoring system. The wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device are optically connected to the signal input end of the fiber Bragg grating demodulator through optical fiber series connection; the output end of the fiber Bragg grating demodulator is electrically connected to the wireless module; the wireless module is wirelessly connected to the remote monitoring system; the sensor compensation device is arranged between a plurality of selected wind pressure sensors; the plurality of wind pressure sensors and the sensor compensation device are arranged in the lane and distributed along the extension direction of the lane; all wind pressure sensors are used to feed back to the monitoring fiber Bragg grating demodulator the wind pressure sensor internal device at its setting position affected by the wind pressure. The sensor compensation device is used to feed back to the monitoring fiber grating demodulator the changes of the internal components of the sensor compensation device at the location where it is set due to environmental factors other than wind pressure; the fiber grating demodulator is used to calculate the current wind pressure data in the lane and the relative positions of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device according to the feedback information of the several wind pressure sensors and the sensor compensation device, and send the current wind pressure data and the relative position data of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device to the remote monitoring system through the wireless module; the remote monitoring system is used to display the received current wind pressure data and the relative position data of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device; The wind pressure sensor comprises a negative pressure chamber, a positive pressure chamber, an airtight film, a first Pitot tube, and a second Pitot tube; The negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber are coaxially arranged along the extension direction of the lane to form an integrated chamber structure, and the positive pressure chamber is arranged at the front end of the negative pressure chamber; an airtight film is arranged between the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber, and the airtight film is divided into two chambers; the first Pitot tube is arranged in the positive pressure chamber, and the positive pressure chamber is connected to the outside air through the first Pitot tube; the extension direction of the first Pitot tube is the same as the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber; the second Pitot tube is arranged in the negative pressure chamber, and the negative pressure chamber is connected to the outside air through the second Pitot tube; The extension direction of the second pitot tube is perpendicular to the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber; a fiber Bragg grating is arranged on the airtight film; the fiber Bragg grating is arranged in the negative pressure chamber; the fiber Bragg grating as an internal component of the wind pressure sensor is electrically connected to the fiber Bragg grating demodulator through optical fiber; the fiber Bragg gratings of several wind pressure sensors are optically connected to the signal input end of the grating demodulator after being connected in series through optical fiber; The sensor compensation device includes a negative pressure chamber, a positive pressure chamber, an airtight film, a fiber grating, a second pitot tube, and a third pitot tube; The negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber are coaxially arranged along the extension direction of the lane to form an integrated chamber structure, and the positive pressure chamber is arranged at the front end of the negative pressure chamber; an airtight film is arranged between the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber, and the airtight film is divided into two chambers; a third pitot tube is arranged in the positive pressure chamber in the sensor compensation device, and the positive pressure chamber in the sensor compensation device is connected to the outside air through the third pitot tube; the extension direction of the third pitot tube is perpendicular to the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber; a second pitot tube is arranged in the negative pressure chamber, and the negative pressure chamber is connected to the outside air through the second pitot tube; the extension direction of the second pitot tube is perpendicular to the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber; a fiber grating is arranged on the airtight film; the fiber grating is arranged in the negative pressure chamber; the fiber grating in the sensor compensation device is optically connected to the fiber grating demodulator through optical fiber as an internal device of the sensor compensation device; the fiber grating of several wind pressure sensors and the fiber grating in the sensor compensation device are optically connected to the signal input end of the grating demodulator after being connected in series through optical fiber; The airtight film of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device is an elastic film; the threaded structure of the positive pressure cavity and the negative pressure cavity of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device cooperates with each other to clamp the airtight film between the positive pressure cavity and the negative pressure cavity and tighten it; the optical fiber Bragg grating is pasted to the center position of the airtight film.

2. The arrayed fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device also include a coaxially arranged steering bearing and a fixed hollow rod; the axes of the steering bearing and the fixed hollow rod are perpendicular to the axes of the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber; the fixed hollow rod is fixed on the inner wall of the tunnel; the negative pressure chamber is connected to the fixed hollow rod through the steering bearing and realizes steering; the negative pressure chamber, the steering bearing and the fixed hollow rod are correspondingly provided with through holes for leading out optical fibers.

3. The arrayed fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail ends of the wind pressure sensor and the negative pressure chamber of the sensor compensation device are both provided with tail wings, and the tail wings are fixedly connected to the negative pressure chamber through a connecting rod; the extension direction of the connecting rod is the same as the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber; the wing surface of the tail wing is vertically arranged and is on the same plane as the axis of the negative pressure chamber; the tail wing makes the first Pitot tube always face the wind flow direction, and the second Pitot tube and the third Pitot tube are always perpendicular to the wind flow direction; the tail wing makes the center of gravity of the wind pressure sensor and the fixed hollow rod on the same vertical line.

4. The arrayed fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tube opening of the first Pitot tube located inside the positive pressure chamber extends vertically upward; the tube opening at the other end of the first Pitot tube extends along the axial direction of the positive pressure chamber to the outside of the positive pressure chamber; the tube opening of the second Pitot tube located inside the negative pressure chamber extends along the axial direction of the negative pressure chamber; the tube opening at the other end of the second Pitot tube extends vertically downward to the cavity wall of the negative pressure chamber; the tube opening of the third Pitot tube located inside the positive pressure chamber extends along the axial direction of the positive pressure chamber; the tube opening at the other end of the third Pitot tube extends vertically downward to the cavity wall of the positive pressure chamber.

5. The arrayed fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive pressure cavity and the negative pressure cavity of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device use dust-free glass as cavity shells, and the surface is sprayed with inorganic nano-silicon material.

6. The arrayed fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind pressure sensor and the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber of the sensor compensation device are connected via threads.

7. The arrayed fiber grating wind pressure sensor device for tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber Bragg grating demodulator calculates the positions of all fiber Bragg gratings and the wind pressure changes at their locations through the return time and the change of the return center wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating reflected light of each wind pressure sensor, and then subtracts the system error measured by the fiber Bragg grating of the sensor compensation device to obtain the actual wind pressure change. The fiber Bragg grating demodulator calculates the relative position of the wind pressure sensor and the sensor compensation device through the time length of the fiber Bragg grating reflected light of the sensor compensation device.

Images