A dual-purpose tunnel boring machine for hard rock cutting and cutting

Abstract

The present invention provides a dual-purpose tunnel boring machine for hard rock cutting and chopping, comprising a main body, a traveling part, a conveyor, a shovel part, a left cutting device and a right cutting device with the same structure, a cutting part, a lubrication system, a rear support, a water system, a hydraulic system, and an electrical system; a pump station of the lubrication system is arranged on one side of the main body, an operating console is arranged on the other side, and a traveling part is arranged below; a cutting part is arranged on the upper part of the front end of the main body, and a shovel part is arranged on the lower part; a conveyor is arranged on the upper part of the rear end of the main body, and a rear support is arranged on the lower part; left and right cutting devices with the same structure are arranged on both sides of the cutting part. The present invention can cut out multiple free surfaces first when excavating a hard rock tunnel, and then perform cutting to improve the rock breaking ability without taking other measures or adding additional equipment, thereby breaking through the difficulties of hard rock excavation and improving the excavation work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring machines, and in particular relates to a tunnel boring machine for both hard rock cutting and chopping. Background Art

[0002] When excavating a roadway or tunnel, a cantilever roadheader is generally used. However, when cutting a hard rock roadway, construction is difficult, the consumption of cutting teeth is large, and the failure rate of the mechanical system is high, which seriously affects the progress of the work. Usually, multiple free faces are artificially created. After increasing the free face, the rock can move and break along this face during cutting, improving the rock breaking ability. The more free faces, the less cutting, and the higher the excavation efficiency.

[0003] The current research and application of free surface manufacturing methods include fracturing, water jet, blasting, drilling, rock drilling and other methods, but they all have different shortcomings and the effect is still not ideal. If a rock cutter is used to cut the free surface, the structure is complex, the equipment cost is increased, and it interferes with the tunnel boring machine during operation. The use of shield machines has the problems of high cost, small and medium-sized enterprises cannot afford the cost, and low flexibility of use. At present, there are still a large number of cantilever tunnel boring machines in use across the country, which cannot be stopped and can be upgraded. Therefore, realizing rapid mechanized tunneling of hard rock tunnels has become an urgent problem to be solved in coal mining projects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hard rock cutting and chopping dual-purpose tunneling machine in response to the shortcomings of the background technology. When excavating a hard rock tunnel, the machine can first cut out multiple free surfaces and then perform cutting to improve the rock breaking ability without taking other measures or adding additional equipment, thereby breaking through the difficulties of hard rock excavation and improving the excavation work efficiency.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0006] A dual-purpose tunnel boring machine for hard rock cutting and chopping, comprising a main body, a traveling part, a conveyor, a shovel part, a left cutting device and a right cutting device with the same structure, a cutting part, a lubrication system, a rear support, a water system, a hydraulic system, and an electrical system;

[0007] The main body is provided with a pump station of the lubrication system on one side, a control panel on the other side, and a walking part at the bottom; a cutting part is provided at the upper part of the front end of the main body, and a shovel part is provided at the lower part; a conveyor is provided at the upper part of the rear end of the main body, and a rear support is provided at the lower part;

[0008] A left cutting device and a right cutting device with the same structure are arranged on both sides of the cutting part.

[0009] Furthermore, the cutting part includes a cutting motor, a reducer, a cutting telescopic cylinder, a telescopic part, and a multi-tooth hard rock cutting head.

[0010] Furthermore, the cutting motor is installed at the upper front end of the main body; the reducer is connected to the cutting motor, the reducer is connected to the telescopic part, the telescopic part is connected to the multi-tooth hard rock cutting head, and the cutting telescopic cylinder is arranged on the upper side of the reducer and connected between the cutting motor and the telescopic part.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-tooth hard rock cutting head includes a cutting head body, a spline sleeve, a rib plate, a tooth seat, and a diamond composite cutting tooth.

[0012] Furthermore, the left cutting device or the right cutting device includes a guide cylinder, a composite guide key, a bushing, a telescopic cylinder, a right cylinder seat, a left cylinder seat, a cutting telescopic cylinder, a guide plate, a power head housing, a steel ball hydraulic motor, a drive shaft, an idler shaft, an output shaft, a hard rock cutting disc, and a high-pressure water nozzle.

[0013] Furthermore, split support seats are provided on both sides of the reducer to support the front end of the guide cylinder; connecting plates are provided on both sides of the cutting motor housing to install the right end of the guide cylinder and the right cylinder seat.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite guide key is installed in the keyway of the guide cylinder and fixed with bolts; the telescopic cylinder is installed in the guide cylinder, and a metal sleeve is embedded between the telescopic cylinder and the guide cylinder and the clearance is matched; the cutting telescopic cylinder is installed in the telescopic cylinder and connected to the right cylinder seat and the left cylinder seat; the guide plate is connected to the right end of the telescopic cylinder and can slide on the composite guide key.

[0015] Furthermore, the power head housing is connected to one end of the telescopic cylinder away from the guide cylinder, and a steel ball hydraulic motor is installed therein and is sequentially connected to a drive shaft, a transmission idler shaft, and an output shaft; the hard rock cutting disc is installed on the power head output shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the walking part is a track wheel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention can be used for both cutting and cutting when excavating hard rock, and uses a common lifting cylinder and a rotary body. When cutting vertical grooves, the cutting tool moves vertically up and down, and the operation is simple;

[0019] 2. Since a set of cutting devices with the same structure are designed on both sides of the cutting part, two vertical grooves can be cut each time the cutting discs on both sides cut synchronously to make the force relatively balanced. The rotary cylinder pushes the rotary body to move the position, and multiple free surfaces can be cut multiple times, thereby improving the rock breaking ability, breaking through the difficulties of hard rock excavation, and improving the excavation work efficiency;

[0020] 3. The cutting power head designed with steel ball hydraulic motor can withstand strong impact loads and has the advantages of light weight, small size, large speed regulation range, good low-speed stability and high efficiency;

[0021] 4. When the hard rock cutting disc is working, the high-pressure water nozzle sprays water to achieve penetration, cooling and dust reduction.

[0022] 5. The telescopic cutting cylinders of the left and right cutting devices are designed inside the telescopic cylinder, making the structure compact and preventing collision. The cylinders extend to achieve cutting feed, and the cylinders retract to prevent the hard rock cutting disc from interfering with the multi-tooth hard rock cutting head;

[0023] 6. The guide key and four flat keys are designed as a whole, installed in the keyway of the guide cylinder and fixed with bolts to guide the telescopic cylinder. This overcomes many defects of traditional plate welding, is easy to process, assemble, maintain, replace, and easily ensure various precision requirements;

[0024] 7. The hard rock cutting disc adopts diamond composite pick teeth, which are zigzag distributed around the welded cutter disc according to the theoretical cutting angle. The cutting width is narrow, the cutting area is small, the cutting resistance is relatively small, the impact resistance is strong, the wear resistance is high, and the service life is long;

[0025] 8. Use multi-tooth hard rock cutting heads to replace ordinary cutting heads of tunnel boring machines. Diamond composite cutting teeth are configured on the multi-tooth hard rock cutting heads, and the number is increased. This increases durability and improves cutting efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of the hard rock cutting and cutting dual-purpose tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a top view of the cutting of the dual-purpose tunnel boring machine for hard rock cutting and cutting of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a top view of the cutting portion of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the hard rock cutting and cutting sequence of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 Middle: 1 main body, 2 walking part, 3 conveyor, 4 shovel part, 9 rear support, 10 water system, 11 hydraulic system, 12 electrical system;

[0032] Figure 2 Middle: 5 left cutting device, 6 right cutting device, 7 cutting part, 8 lubrication system,

[0033] Figure 3In: a1 includes guide cylinder, a2 composite guide key, a3 bushing, a4 telescopic cylinder, a5 right cylinder seat, a6 guide plate, a7 cutting telescopic cylinder, a8 left cylinder seat, a9 power head housing, a10 steel ball hydraulic motor, a11 drive shaft, a12 idler shaft, a13 output shaft, a14 hard rock cutting disc, a15 high-pressure water nozzle.

[0034] Figure 4 In the middle: b1 cutting motor, b2 reducer, b3 cutting telescopic cylinder, b4 telescopic part, b5 multi-tooth hard rock cutting head.

[0035] Figure 5 Middle: C1 tunnel, C2 vertical groove, C3 multi-tooth hard rock cutting head, C4 cutting track. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. "First", "second" and the like do not indicate the importance of the components, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] A dual-purpose tunnel boring machine for hard rock cutting and cutting, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it includes a main body 1, a traveling part 2, a conveyor 3, a shovel part 4, a left cutting device 5 and a right cutting device 6 of the same structure, a cutting part 7, a lubrication system 8, a rear support 9, a water system 10, a hydraulic system 11, and an electrical system 12. The main body 1 is located in the middle of the machine body, a pump station of the lubrication system 8 is installed on the right side, a control panel is installed on the left side, a cutting part 7 is installed on the upper front part, a shovel part 4 and a conveyor 3 are installed on the lower part, a traveling part 2 is installed on the left and right sides respectively, and a rear support 9 is installed on the rear part. The left and right cutting devices 5 and the right cutting devices 6 of the same structure are connected on both sides of the cutting part 7. It is suitable for excavating hard rock tunnels by the method of cutting first and then cutting.

[0039] Figure 3The left cutting device 5 and the right cutting device 6 with the same structure shown in the figure include a guide cylinder a1, a composite guide key a2, a sleeve a3, a telescopic cylinder a4, a right oil cylinder seat a5, a guide plate a6, a cutting telescopic oil cylinder a7, a left oil cylinder seat a8, a power head housing a9, a steel ball hydraulic motor a10, a drive shaft a11, an idler shaft a12, an output shaft a13, a hard rock cutting disc a14, and a high-pressure water nozzle a15. The guide cylinder a1 is installed on the connecting plates on both sides of the shell of the cutting motor b1 of the cutting part 7 and the split-type support seats on both sides of the housing of the reducer b2. The composite guide key a2 is installed in the keyway of the guide cylinder a1 and fixed with bolts. The telescopic cylinder a4 is installed in the front and rear bimetallic sleeves a3 on the guide cylinder a1, and the clearance fit is achieved. The cutting telescopic oil cylinder a7 is connected to the right oil cylinder seat a5 and the left oil cylinder seat a8, and is installed in the telescopic cylinder a4. The guide plate a6 is connected to the right end of the telescopic cylinder a4 and slides on the composite guide key a2. The power head box a9 is equipped with a steel ball hydraulic motor a10 connected to the drive shaft a11, the transmission idler shaft a12, and the output shaft a13, which are assembled into a power head connected to the left end of the telescopic cylinder a4. The hard rock cutting disc a14 is installed on the output shaft a13 of the power head. When cutting, the multi-tooth hard rock cutting head b5 is retracted, the cutting telescopic cylinder a7 is extended, the hard rock cutting disc a14 cuts with the power head, and the telescopic lifting cylinder realizes the cutting. When changing the cutting position, the hard rock cutting disc a14 is withdrawn first, and the rotary cylinder is used to move the rotary body, and the next cutting work is carried out after the hard rock cutting disc a14 is determined in position. The high-pressure water nozzle a15 sprays water at the diamond composite pick to cool the pick, penetrate the rock, and reduce dust on the working surface.

[0040] Figure 4 The cutting part 7 shown includes a cutting motor b1, a speed reducer b2, a cutting telescopic oil cylinder b3, a telescopic part b4, and a multi-tooth hard rock cutting head b5. The cutting motor b1 is installed at the front upper end of the main body 1, and connecting plates are arranged on both sides of the cutting motor housing for installing the right end of the guide cylinder a1 of the left cutting device and the right cutting device and the right cylinder seat a5. The speed reducer b2 is connected to the cutting motor b1, and split-type support seats are arranged on both sides of the speed reducer housing for supporting the front end of the guide cylinder a1 of the left cutting device and the right cutting device. The cutting telescopic oil cylinder b3 is arranged on the upper part of the cutting motor and the telescopic part. The oil cylinder is extended to realize cutting feed, and the oil cylinder is retracted to prevent the multi-tooth hard rock cutting head b5 from interfering with the operation of the hard rock cutting disk a14. The telescopic part b4 is located between the multi-tooth hard rock cutting head b5 and the reducer b2. The internal spray water supply system is delivered to the cutting head through the telescopic part. The main rotating seal of the water system 10, the Gly ring, is installed in front of the telescopic part for easy replacement. There is a drainage port at the bottom, and the user can drain water regularly as needed. The multi-tooth hard rock cutting head b5 includes a cutting head body, a spline sleeve, a rib plate, a tooth seat, a diamond composite cutting tooth, etc. It is installed on the main shaft of the cutting part and undertakes the excavation and cutting work.

[0041] Figure 5In the figure, the present invention shows the hard rock cutting and cutting sequence, showing the tunnel c1, vertical groove c2, multi-tooth hard rock cutting head c3, and cutting track c4. When excavating the tunnel c1, the position and number of vertical grooves c2 are first determined according to the geological conditions and rock area, and the hard rock cutting disc a14 is retracted after cutting. The cutting telescopic oil cylinder b3 pushes the multi-tooth hard rock cutting head c3 to swing left and right at the lower middle opening to cut a groove, and then cuts from bottom to top in a left and right cycle.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0043] 1. The present invention can be used for both cutting and cutting when excavating hard rock, and uses a common lifting cylinder and a rotary body. When cutting vertical grooves, the cutting tool moves vertically up and down, and the operation is simple;

[0044] 2. Since a set of cutting devices with the same structure are designed on both sides of the cutting part, two vertical grooves can be cut each time the cutting discs on both sides cut synchronously to make the force relatively balanced. The rotary cylinder pushes the rotary body to move the position, and multiple free surfaces can be cut multiple times, thereby improving the rock breaking ability, breaking through the difficulties of hard rock excavation, and improving the excavation work efficiency;

[0045] 3. The cutting power head designed with steel ball hydraulic motor can withstand strong impact loads and has the advantages of light weight, small size, large speed regulation range, good low-speed stability and high efficiency;

[0046] 4. When the hard rock cutting disc is working, the high-pressure water nozzle sprays water to achieve penetration, cooling and dust reduction.

[0047] 5. The telescopic cutting cylinders of the left and right cutting devices are designed inside the telescopic cylinder, making the structure compact and preventing collision. The cylinders extend to achieve cutting feed, and the cylinders retract to prevent the hard rock cutting disc from interfering with the multi-tooth hard rock cutting head;

[0048] 6. The guide key and four flat keys are designed as a whole, installed in the keyway of the guide cylinder and fixed with bolts to guide the telescopic cylinder. This overcomes many defects of traditional plate welding, is easy to process, assemble, maintain, replace, and easily ensure various precision requirements;

[0049] 7. The hard rock cutting disc adopts diamond composite pick teeth, which are zigzag distributed around the welded cutter disc according to the theoretical cutting angle. The cutting width is narrow, the cutting area is small, the cutting resistance is relatively small, the impact resistance is strong, the wear resistance is high, and the service life is long;

[0050] 8. Use multi-tooth hard rock cutting heads to replace ordinary cutting heads of tunnel boring machines. Diamond composite cutting teeth are configured on the multi-tooth hard rock cutting heads, and the number is increased. This increases durability and improves cutting efficiency.

[0051] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless defined as herein.

[0052] The above embodiments are only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The above embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose hard rock cutting and cutting tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main body (1), a walking part (2), a conveyor (3), a shovel part (4), a left cutting device (5) and a right cutting device (6) of the same structure, a cutting part (7), a lubrication system (8), a rear support (9), a water system (10), a hydraulic system (11), and an electrical system (12); the left cutting device (5), the right cutting device (6), and the cutting part (7) share a lifting cylinder and a rotating body; The main body is provided with a pump station of the lubrication system on one side, a control panel on the other side, and a walking part at the bottom; a cutting part is provided at the upper part of the front end of the main body, and a shovel part is provided at the lower part; a conveyor is provided at the upper part of the rear end of the main body, and a rear support is provided at the lower part; The cutting part is provided with a left cutting device and a right cutting device of the same structure on both sides; The cutting part (7) comprises a cutting motor (b1), a reducer (b2), a cutting telescopic oil cylinder (b3), a telescopic part (b4), and a multi-tooth hard rock cutting head (b5); The cutting motor (b1) is installed at the upper front end of the main body (1); the reducer (b2) is connected to the cutting motor (b1), the reducer is connected to the telescopic part (b4), the telescopic part is connected to the multi-tooth hard rock cutting head (b5), and the cutting telescopic oil cylinder (b3) is arranged on one side of the reducer and connected between the cutting motor (b1) and the telescopic part (b4); The multi-tooth hard rock cutting head (b5) comprises a cutting head body, a spline sleeve, a rib plate, a tooth seat, and a diamond composite cutting tooth; The left cutting device (5) or the right cutting device (6) comprises a guide cylinder (a1), a composite guide key (a2), a sleeve (a3), a telescopic cylinder (a4), a right cylinder seat (a5), a left cylinder seat (a8), a cutting telescopic cylinder (a7), a guide plate (a6), a power head housing (a9), a steel ball hydraulic motor (a10), a drive shaft (a11), an idler shaft (a12), an output shaft (a13), a hard rock cutting disc (a14), and a high-pressure water jet nozzle (a15); The composite guide key (a2) is installed in the keyway of the guide cylinder (a1) and fixed with bolts; the telescopic cylinder (a4) is installed in the guide cylinder (a1), and a bimetallic bushing (a3) ​​is embedded between the telescopic cylinder and the guide cylinder and has clearance fit; the cutting telescopic oil cylinder (a7) is installed in the telescopic cylinder (a4) and is connected to the right oil cylinder seat (a5) and the left oil cylinder seat (a8); the guide plate (a6) is connected to the right end of the telescopic cylinder (a4) and can slide on the composite guide key (a2).

2. A dual-purpose hard rock cutting and cutting tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Split support seats are arranged on both sides of the reducer (b2) for supporting the front end of the guide cylinder (a1); connecting plates are arranged on both sides of the casing of the cutting motor (b1) for installing the right end of the guide cylinder (a1) and the right cylinder seat (a5).

3. The hard rock cutting and cutting dual-purpose tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power head housing (a9) is connected to the end of the telescopic cylinder (a4) away from the guide cylinder, and is equipped with a steel ball hydraulic motor (a10) which is sequentially connected to a drive shaft (a11), a transmission idler shaft (a12), and an output shaft (a13); a hard rock cutting disc (a14) is installed on the power head output shaft (a13).

4. The hard rock cutting and cutting dual-purpose tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking part is a track wheel.

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