Balanced screening and control method, system, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for balancing and screening energy storage systems, which utilizes a K-means clustering algorithm to divide M supercapacitors into K clusters, and selects the supercapacitors according to the i-th cluster U. i The center point C i , the mean value of the voltage data of M supercapacitor cells #imgabs0# and the threshold value are set to determine whether the i-th cluster U i The real-time voltage of the supercapacitor in the cluster is balanced and controlled. If balanced control is required, the i-1th cluster U i‑1 The center point C i‑1 As the i-th cluster U i The equilibrium target value; compared with the mean method or variance method for equilibrium screening and control, the K-means clustering algorithm has the advantages of fast speed and strong robustness, which effectively improves the equilibrium efficiency and the effectiveness of equilibrium screening, and is of great significance to the equilibrium consistency of energy storage systems for energy storage rail transit vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage system monitoring, and in particular relates to a method, system, device and storage medium for energy storage system balance screening and control based on a K-means clustering algorithm. Background Art

[0002] At present, supercapacitor energy storage trams have been widely used in many domestic cities such as Haizhu and Huangpu in Guangzhou, Wenshan in Yunnan, Huai'an in Jiangsu, Dahanyang in Wuhan, Longhua in Shenzhen and other lines.

[0003] Due to the rated working voltage limit of supercapacitor monomers, in order to meet the needs of energy storage system capacity and voltage level, it is usually necessary to connect up to hundreds of supercapacitor monomers in series and parallel to form an energy storage system. However, due to the limitations of manufacturing technology, the monomer parameters have certain differences, mainly leakage parameters and capacity parameters. The accumulated leakage difference will lead to uneven voltage distribution inside the system. In large current charging and discharging, the superimposed capacity difference will cause the monomer with high voltage and low capacity to overvoltage, causing the capacitor life to decay rapidly. In order to avoid the negative impact of overvoltage on the energy storage system, it is necessary to stop charging the energy storage system when a certain monomer voltage reaches the rated voltage. At this time, other supercapacitor monomers with normal or large capacity still have usable energy that has not been fully released, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the energy storage system. Therefore, in order to improve the reliability and energy utilization efficiency of the energy storage system, supercapacitor voltage balancing control is crucial.

[0004] In the existing technology, there is a lack of a flat data screening and control algorithm for complex multi-series and parallel energy storage systems. The hierarchical control method is currently commonly used, that is, the module-level control unit performs internal module consistency balance, and the system-level control unit performs consistency balance between modules. This hierarchical control method itself has certain limitations. First, the control system structure is not flat enough and the efficiency is low; second, individual degraded data can easily affect the overall balancing strategy of the system, resulting in extremely low efficiency of the balancing system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, system, device and storage medium for balancing screening and controlling an energy storage system, so as to solve the problem of voltage imbalance caused by differences in supercapacitor monomer capacity and leakage parameters, and the problem of low balancing efficiency of the existing hierarchical control method.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions: a method for balanced screening and control of an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system is composed of N parallel and M series supercapacitors, each N parallel and m1 series supercapacitors constitute a module, with a total of n modules, where n×m1=M, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Collect and obtain the real-time voltage data of m1 supercapacitors in each module;

[0008] Step 2: Filter each of the real-time voltage data to obtain M single-cell voltage data;

[0009] Step 3: Determine the K value of the K-means clustering algorithm according to the process deviation of the supercapacitor monomer, that is, select K clusters, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0010] Step 4: Select m data from the M single-cell voltage data as initial center points, and the m initial center points correspond to the K clusters one by one;

[0011] Step 5: respectively calculating the Euclidean distance between the M monomer voltage data and each of the initial center points or the center points;

[0012] Step 6: assigning each of the monomer voltage data to the initial center point or the cluster corresponding to the center point with the smallest Euclidean distance thereto, to obtain K clusters;

[0013] Step 7: Calculate the center point of each cluster;

[0014] Step 8: Repeat steps 5 to 7 until the clustering algorithm converges;

[0015] Step 9: Calculate the center point of each cluster after convergence to obtain K center points; sort the K center points, that is, C1≤C2≤…≤C i ≤…≤C K , where C1, C2, …, C i ,…,C K They are clustered into U1, U2, ..., U i ,…,U K The center point of

[0016] Calculate the mean value of the M single-cell voltage data

[0017] Step 10: If is greater than the first threshold, then C K-1 As cluster U K The equilibrium target value of

[0018] if is greater than the second threshold, then C K-2 As cluster U K-1 The equilibrium target value of

[0019] And so on.

[0020] if If it is greater than the K-2th threshold, C2 is used as the equilibrium target value of cluster U3;

[0021] if If it is greater than the K-1th threshold, C1 is used as the equilibrium target value of cluster U2.

[0022] In the present invention, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to divide M supercapacitors into K clusters, and the i-th cluster U i The center point C i , the average value of M supercapacitor cell voltage data And set a threshold to determine whether the i-th cluster U i The real-time voltage of the supercapacitor in the cluster is balanced and controlled. If balanced control is required, the i-1th cluster U i-1 The center point C i-1 As the i-th cluster U i The equilibrium target value is obtained; this method does not perform equilibrium control on the first cluster U1, that is, it excludes the interference of degraded supercapacitor monomers participating in the equilibrium control, avoids the energy loss of the entire energy storage system caused by individual degraded supercapacitor monomers, and improves the energy utilization rate and equilibrium efficiency; for inferior and normal supercapacitor monomers, the consistency of the monomers is guaranteed, and the energy utilization rate and equilibrium efficiency are further improved, and the reliability is improved; compared with the mean method or variance method for equilibrium screening and control, the K-means clustering algorithm has the advantages of fast speed and strong robustness, which effectively improves the equilibrium efficiency and the effectiveness of equilibrium screening, and is of great significance to the equilibrium consistency of energy storage rail transit vehicle energy storage system.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 3, the K value is 3, that is, three clusters of degraded monomers, inferior monomers and normal monomers are screened out.

[0024] Furthermore, in step 4, the step of selecting the initial center point is: sorting the M monomer voltage data, selecting the minimum monomer voltage data in the sorting as the initial center point of the degraded monomer cluster, the middle monomer voltage data in the sorting as the initial center point of the inferior monomer cluster, and the maximum monomer voltage data in the sorting as the initial center point of the normal monomer cluster.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 8, the convergence condition of the clustering algorithm is: the number of convergences is ≥ 3, wherein the initial value of the number of convergences is 0, and when the center point of each cluster currently is the same as the center point of the cluster last time, the number of convergences is +1.

[0026] Furthermore, in step 10, when the K value is equal to 3, the value ranges of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold are all Among them, V 额is the rated voltage of the supercapacitor, δ min ,δ max They are the minimum correction deviation and the maximum correction deviation of the rated capacity of the supercapacitor respectively;

[0027] When the K value is greater than 3, the value ranges of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold are all V0 / (K / 3), where V0 is the value range of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold when the K value is equal to 3.

[0028] The present invention also provides an energy storage system balanced screening and control system, comprising:

[0029] The module voltage balancing unit is used to collect and obtain the real-time voltage data of m1 supercapacitors in the corresponding module, filter the m1 real-time voltage data, and obtain m1 single cell voltage data;

[0030] A parameter determination unit, used to determine the K value of the K-means clustering algorithm according to the process deviation of the supercapacitor monomer, that is, to screen out K clusters, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0031] A main control unit is used to collect the cell voltage data processed by the voltage balancing unit of all modules, and establish a linked list to cache the M cell voltage data;

[0032] Used to select m data from the M single-cell voltage data as initial center points, and the m initial center points correspond one-to-one to the K clusters;

[0033] Used to respectively calculate the Euclidean distance between the M monomer voltage data and each of the initial center points or the center points;

[0034] for assigning each of the monomer voltage data to the initial center point or the cluster corresponding to the center point with the smallest Euclidean distance thereto, to obtain K clusters;

[0035] Used to calculate the center point of each cluster;

[0036] It is used to calculate the center point of each cluster when the clustering algorithm converges, and obtain K center points; sort the K center points, that is, C1≤C2≤…≤C i ≤…≤C K , where C1, C2, …, C i ,…,C K They are clustered into U1, U2, ..., U i ,…,U K The center point of

[0037] Used to calculate the mean value of the M single-cell voltage data

[0038] Used for When it is greater than the first threshold, C K-1 As cluster U K The equilibrium target value; when When it is greater than the second threshold, C K-2 As cluster U K-1 The equilibrium target value; and so on, when When C2 is greater than the K-2th threshold, C2 is used as the equilibrium target value of cluster U3; when When it is greater than the K-1th threshold, C1 is used as the equilibrium target value of cluster U2.

[0039] Furthermore, the module voltage balancing unit includes a main control module and m1 balancing modules. The main control module adopts a control module with a MK60 microprocessor based on an ARM-cortex-M4 core as its core.

[0040] Furthermore, the main control unit adopts a control module with a MK66 microprocessor based on the ARM-cortex-M4 core as the core.

[0041] The present invention also provides a device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the energy storage system balancing screening and control method as described above is implemented.

[0042] The present invention also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned energy storage system balance screening and control method is implemented.

[0043] Beneficial Effects

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0045] The present invention provides a method and system for balancing and screening energy storage systems, which utilizes a K-means clustering algorithm to divide M supercapacitors into K clusters, and selects the supercapacitors according to the i-th cluster U. i The center point C i , the average value of M supercapacitor cell voltage data And set a threshold to determine whether the i-th cluster U i The real-time voltage of the supercapacitor in the cluster is balanced and controlled. If balanced control is required, the i-1th cluster U i-1 The center point C i-1 As the i-th cluster U iThe equilibrium target value is obtained; this method does not perform equilibrium control on the first cluster U1, that is, it excludes the interference of degraded supercapacitor monomers participating in the equilibrium control, avoids the energy loss of the entire energy storage system caused by individual degraded supercapacitor monomers, and improves the energy utilization rate and equilibrium efficiency; for inferior and normal supercapacitor monomers, the consistency of the monomers is guaranteed, and the energy utilization rate and equilibrium efficiency are further improved, and the reliability is improved; compared with the mean method or variance method for equilibrium screening and control, the K-means clustering algorithm has the advantages of fast speed and strong robustness, which effectively improves the equilibrium efficiency and the effectiveness of equilibrium screening, and is of great significance to the equilibrium consistency of energy storage rail transit vehicle energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a module consisting of 2 parallel and 8 series in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the energy storage system balance screening and control method in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The technical solution of the present application is described in detail with specific embodiments below. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0051] This embodiment provides a method for balanced screening and control of an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system is composed of N parallel and M series supercapacitors, each N parallel and m1 series supercapacitors constitute a module, and there are n modules in total, where n×m1=M. Taking an energy storage tram as an example, three energy storage systems are usually configured, each energy storage system is composed of 2 parallel and 344 series (a total of 688) supercapacitors, and each 2 parallel and 8 series constitute a module (such as Figure 1 ), a total of 43 modules.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the balanced screening and control method includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Real-time voltage data acquisition.

[0054] Each module is equipped with a module voltage equalization unit (SCU for short), and each SCU includes a main control module and m1 equalization modules. The main control module adopts a control module based on the MK60 microprocessor based on the ARM-cortex-M4 core. The SCU has real-time acquisition of voltage, temperature and other status information, real-time communication and data processing functions. Each equalization module corresponds to a supercapacitor monomer in the module. Each equalization module collects the real-time voltage data of the corresponding supercapacitor and sends it to the corresponding main control module. The main control module obtains the real-time voltage data of m1 supercapacitors in the corresponding module, and filters the m1 real-time voltage data to obtain m1 single-cell voltage data, and sends the m1 single-cell voltage data to the main control unit. Exemplarily, there are 43 modules, and there are 43 SCUs. The main control module in each SCU obtains the real-time voltage data of 8 supercapacitors in the corresponding module, and filters the 8 real-time voltage data to obtain 8 single-cell voltage data. In this embodiment, the real-time voltage data is the real-time terminal voltage of the supercapacitor.

[0055] In this embodiment, a limiting + average value filtering algorithm is used to eliminate interference signals in the real-time voltage data.

[0056] Step 2: Filter each real-time voltage data to obtain M single-cell voltage data.

[0057] Each energy storage system is equipped with a control module (i.e., main control unit, MU for short) based on the MK66 microprocessor based on the ARM-cortex-M4 core. The MU has complex algorithms and real-time communication functions. The MU receives the single-cell voltage data sent by the main control module in each SCU and obtains M single-cell voltage data. Exemplarily, the MU receives 8 single-cell voltage data sent by the main control module in each SCU, obtains 344 single-cell voltage data, and establishes a linked list to cache the 344 single-cell voltage data. Since the 688 single cells are a 2-parallel 344-series structure, the voltage of each parallel section is equal, so it is only necessary to collect the real-time voltage data of 344 strings of supercapacitors. The correspondence between the balancing module and the supercapacitor single cell in the module also refers to the correspondence between the balancing module and the m1 string of supercapacitor single cells in the module.

[0058] In this embodiment, the data sampling period of the main control module is 500ms, and the communication period between the MU and the main control module is 500ms.

[0059] In this embodiment, the module voltage balancing unit and the main control unit are both existing modules.

[0060] Step 3: Determine the K value of the K-means clustering algorithm according to the process deviation of the supercapacitor monomer, that is, select K clusters, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0061] In this embodiment, the K value is 3, that is, three clusters of degraded monomers, relatively inferior monomers and normal monomers are screened out for balance control.

[0062] Step 4: Select m data from the M monomer voltage data as initial center points, and the m initial center points correspond one-to-one to the K clusters.

[0063] The initial center point is the center point of the cluster, so in order to correspond to K clusters, the number of initial center points is the same as the number of clusters, that is, m=K. In this embodiment, m is 3, and the steps for selecting the initial center point are: sorting the M monomer voltage data, selecting the minimum monomer voltage data in the sorting as the initial center point of the degraded monomer cluster, the middle monomer voltage data in the sorting as the initial center point of the inferior monomer cluster, and the maximum monomer voltage data in the sorting as the initial center point of the normal monomer cluster. The minimum monomer voltage data, the middle monomer voltage data, and the maximum monomer voltage data are selected as the three clusters of degraded monomers, inferior monomers, and normal monomers, respectively. The initial center point corresponds to the target group category to be screened, which can reduce the number of clustering times and speed up the convergence speed.

[0064] Step 5: Calculate the Euclidean distance between the M monomer voltage data and each initial center point respectively.

[0065] Taking 344 single cell voltage data and 3 initial center points as an example, the Euclidean distance between the 344 single cell voltage data and the first initial center point (for example, the minimum single cell voltage data) is calculated respectively, the Euclidean distance between the 344 single cell voltage data and the second initial center point (for example, the middle single cell voltage data) is calculated respectively, and the Euclidean distance between the 344 single cell voltage data and the third initial center point (for example, the maximum single cell voltage data) is calculated respectively, and a total of 344×3(M×m) times are calculated.

[0066] Step 6: Assign each monomer voltage data to the cluster corresponding to the initial center point with the smallest Euclidean distance to it, and obtain K clusters.

[0067] Assume that the three clusters of degraded monomers, inferior monomers, and normal monomers are U1, U2, and U3 respectively, and the initial center points or center points corresponding to the three clusters U1, U2, and U3 are C1, C2, and C3 respectively. Assuming that it is the initial center point, the values ​​of C1, C2, and C3 are the minimum monomer voltage data, the middle monomer voltage data, and the maximum monomer voltage data respectively. From step 5, the Euclidean distances between the 344 monomer voltage data and C1, C2, and C3 can be obtained. If the Euclidean distance between a certain monomer voltage data and C1, C2, and C3 is the smallest, then the monomer voltage data is assigned to the cluster U2 corresponding to the initial center point C2. By analogy, all 344 monomer voltage data are assigned to the three clusters U1, U2, and U3.

[0068] Step 7: Calculate the center point of each cluster.

[0069] From step 6, we can get K clusters, and the center point of each cluster is calculated using the mean method. For example, for cluster U i , calculate the cluster U i The average value of all monomer voltage data in the cluster U i The center point of .

[0070] Step 8: Repeat steps 5 to 7 until the clustering algorithm converges.

[0071] The condition for the clustering algorithm to converge is that the center point no longer changes. In this embodiment, the convergence condition of the clustering algorithm is: the number of convergences ≥ 3, where the initial value of the number of convergences is 0, and when the center point of each cluster is the same as the center point of the cluster in the previous iteration, the number of convergences + 1. Exemplarily, in the jth iteration, the center points of the three clusters U1, U2, and U3 are the same as the center points in the j-1th iteration, then the number of convergences + 1.

[0072] Step 9: Calculate the center point of each cluster after convergence to obtain K center points; sort the K center points, that is, C1≤C2≤…≤C i ≤…≤C K , where C1, C2, …, C i ,…,C K They are clustered into U1, U2, ..., U i ,…,U K The center point of .

[0073] The mean method is used to calculate the center point of each cluster, and the center points C1, C2, and C3 corresponding to the three clusters U1, U2, and U3 are obtained. In this embodiment, the three clusters U1, U2, and U3 correspond to the degraded monomer group, the inferior monomer group, and the normal monomer group, respectively, so C1≤C2≤C3.

[0074] At the same time, calculate the mean of M single-cell voltage data

[0075] Step 10: Balance control.

[0076] if is greater than the first threshold, then C K-1 As cluster U K The equilibrium target value; if is greater than the second threshold, then C K-2 As cluster U K-1 The equilibrium target value; By analogy, if If C2 is greater than the K-2th threshold, then C2 is used as the equilibrium target value of cluster U3; If it is greater than the K-1th threshold, C1 is used as the equilibrium target value of cluster U2.

[0077] For example, if is greater than the first threshold, C2 is used as the equilibrium target value of cluster U3; if If it is greater than the second threshold, C1 is used as the balancing target value of cluster U2; MU sends the balancing target value to SCU, and controls the cell voltage of the supercapacitor in each cluster to the corresponding balancing target value, thus achieving the optimal configuration of energy utilization and safety and reliability of the energy storage system. Balancing control is not performed on the degraded cell group U1, which eliminates the interference of degraded supercapacitor cells in balancing control, avoids the energy loss of the entire energy storage system due to individual degraded supercapacitor cells, and improves energy utilization and balancing efficiency. If If it is less than or equal to the first threshold, it means that cluster U3 does not need to perform balancing control, and MU does not send the balancing target value to SCU.

[0078] The value ranges of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold can be the same or different. The value range of each threshold is determined by the rated voltage of the supercapacitor, the maximum allowable capacity deviation, and the number of clusters. When the K value is equal to 3, the value ranges of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold are all Among them, V 额 is the rated voltage of the supercapacitor, δ min , δ max They are the minimum correction deviation and the maximum correction deviation of the rated capacity of the supercapacitor, respectively. The correction deviation is obtained by considering the internal resistance and other differences based on the maximum allowable deviation of the capacity; when the K value is greater than 3, the value ranges of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold are all V0 / (K / 3), where V0 is the value range of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold when the K value is equal to 3. The smaller the threshold value, the better the balancing control effect, and the corresponding control efficiency is reduced.

[0079] When the K value is equal to 3, take the standard monomer rated capacity of 9500F, rated voltage of 2700mV, and the maximum allowable capacity deviation of 5% as an example. Taking the internal resistance and other differences into consideration, the correction deviation range is 2% to 4%. The calculation formula of the threshold is:

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] Among them, V 额 is the rated voltage of the supercapacitor, δ min , δ max They are the minimum correction deviation and maximum correction deviation of the rated capacity of the supercapacitor, is the maximum value of the threshold, is the minimum value of the threshold, so when the K value is equal to 3, the value range of the first threshold and the second threshold is 50-100mV.

[0083] The present embodiment further provides an energy storage system balancing screening and control system, including a module voltage balancing unit SCU, a parameter determination unit and a main control unit MU.

[0084] The module voltage balancing unit is used to collect and obtain the real-time voltage data of m1 supercapacitors in the corresponding module, filter the m1 real-time voltage data, and obtain m1 single cell voltage data.

[0085] The parameter determination unit is used to determine the K value of the K-means clustering algorithm according to the process deviation of the supercapacitor monomer, that is, to screen out K clusters, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0086] The main control unit is used to collect the single cell voltage data processed by the voltage balancing unit of all modules, and establish a linked list to cache the M single cell voltage data; to select m data from the M single cell voltage data as the initial center points, and the m initial center points correspond to the K clusters one by one; to calculate the Euclidean distance between the M single cell voltage data and each of the initial center points respectively; to assign each single cell voltage data to the cluster corresponding to the initial center point with the smallest Euclidean distance to obtain K clusters; to calculate the center point of each cluster; to calculate the center point of each cluster when the clustering algorithm converges, to obtain K center points; to sort the K center points, that is, C1≤C2≤…≤C i ≤…≤C K , where C1, C2, …, C i ,…,C K They are clustered into U1, U2, ..., U i ,…,UK The center point of the M cells; used to calculate the mean of the voltage data of the cells Used for When it is greater than the first threshold, C K-1 As cluster U K The equilibrium target value; when When it is greater than the second threshold, C K-2 As cluster U K-1 The equilibrium target value; and so on, when When C2 is greater than the K-2th threshold, C2 is used as the equilibrium target value of cluster U3; when When it is greater than the K-1th threshold, C1 is used as the equilibrium target value of cluster U2.

[0087] The working process of the energy storage system balanced screening and control system described in the present invention can refer to the specific record of the energy storage system balanced screening and control method described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] In this embodiment, each module voltage balancing unit includes a main control module and m1 balancing modules. The main control module adopts a control module with a MK60 microprocessor based on the ARM-cortex-M4 core as the core, and the main control unit adopts a control module with a MK66 microprocessor based on the ARM-cortex-M4 core as the core.

[0089] This embodiment also proposes a device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the above-mentioned energy storage system balancing screening and control method when executing the computer program.

[0090] Exemplarily, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules / units, and the one or more modules / units are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to complete the present invention. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of completing specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program in the computer device. For example, the computer program may be divided into a module voltage equalization unit SCU, a parameter determination unit, and a main control unit MU, and the specific functions of each unit are as described above.

[0091] The computer device may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, and a cloud server. The computer device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the energy storage system balancing screening and control system is only an example of a computer device and does not constitute a limitation on the device. It may include more or fewer components than the system, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, the computer device may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0092] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0093] The memory can be used to store the computer program and / or module, and the processor realizes various functions of the energy storage system balanced screening and control system by running or executing the computer program and / or module stored in the memory, and calling the data stored in the memory. The memory can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system, at least one application required for a function, etc.; the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the mobile phone, etc. In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0094] The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the energy storage system balancing screening and control method.

[0095] If the module / unit integrated in the energy storage system balanced screening and control system is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0096] What is disclosed above is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or modifications within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A balanced screening and control method for an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system is composed of N parallel and M series supercapacitors, each N parallel and m 1 A supercapacitor is connected in series to form a module, with a total of n modules, where n×m 1 =M, It is characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Collect and obtain m in each module 1 Real-time voltage data of supercapacitors; Step 2: Filter each of the real-time voltage data to obtain M single-cell voltage data; Step 3: Determine the K value of the K-means clustering algorithm according to the process deviation of the supercapacitor monomer, that is, select K clusters, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; Step 4: Select m data from the M single-cell voltage data as initial center points, and the m initial center points correspond to the K clusters one by one; Step 5: respectively calculating the Euclidean distance between the M monomer voltage data and each of the initial center points or the center points; Step 6: assigning each of the monomer voltage data to the initial center point or the cluster corresponding to the center point with the smallest Euclidean distance thereto, to obtain K clusters; Step 7: Calculate the center point of each cluster; Step 8: Repeat steps 5 to 7 until the clustering algorithm converges; Step 9: Calculate the center point of each cluster after convergence to obtain K center points; sort the K center points, i.e., C 1 ≤C 2 ≤…≤C i ≤…≤C K , where C 1 ,C 2 ,…,C i ,…,C K Cluster U 1 ,U 2 ,…,U i ,…,U K The center point of Calculate the mean value of the M single-cell voltage data Step 10: If is greater than the first threshold, then C K-1 As cluster U K The equilibrium target value of if is greater than the second threshold, then C K-2 As cluster U K-1 The equilibrium target value of And so on. if If it is greater than the K-2th threshold, then C 2 As cluster U 3 The equilibrium target value of if If it is greater than the K-1th threshold, then C 1 As cluster U 2 The equilibrium target value of When the K value is equal to 3, the value ranges of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold are all Among them, V 额 is the rated voltage of the supercapacitor, δ min , δ max They are the minimum correction deviation and the maximum correction deviation of the rated capacity of the supercapacitor respectively; When the K value is greater than 3, the value ranges of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold are all V 0 / (K / 3), where V 0 is the value range of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., the K-1th threshold when the K value is equal to 3.

2. The energy storage system balanced screening and control method according to claim 1, Features: In the step 3, the K value is 3, that is, three clusters of degraded monomers, inferior monomers and normal monomers are screened out.

3. The energy storage system balanced screening and control method according to claim 1, Features: In step 4, the step of selecting the initial center point is: sorting the M monomer voltage data, selecting the minimum monomer voltage data in the sorting as the initial center point of the degraded monomer cluster, the middle monomer voltage data in the sorting as the initial center point of the inferior monomer cluster, and the maximum monomer voltage data in the sorting as the initial center point of the normal monomer cluster.

4. The energy storage system balanced screening and control method according to claim 1, Features: In step 8, the convergence condition of the clustering algorithm is: the number of convergences is ≥ 3, wherein the initial value of the number of convergences is 0, and when the center point of each cluster currently is the same as the center point of the cluster last time, the number of convergences is +1.

5. A balanced screening and control system for energy storage systems, It is characterized in that include: The module voltage balancing unit is used to collect and obtain the m 1 Real-time voltage data of supercapacitors, for m 1 The real-time voltage data is filtered and processed to obtain m 1 Individual cell voltage data; A parameter determination unit, used to determine the K value of the K-means clustering algorithm according to the process deviation of the supercapacitor monomer, that is, to screen out K clusters, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; A main control unit is used to collect the cell voltage data processed by the voltage balancing unit of all modules, and establish a linked list to cache the M cell voltage data; Used to select m data from the M single-cell voltage data as initial center points, and the m initial center points correspond one-to-one to the K clusters; Used to respectively calculate the Euclidean distance between the M monomer voltage data and each of the initial center points or the center points; for assigning each of the monomer voltage data to the initial center point or the cluster corresponding to the center point with the smallest Euclidean distance thereto, to obtain K clusters; Used to calculate the center point of each cluster; It is used to calculate the center point of each cluster when the clustering algorithm converges, and obtain K center points; sort the K center points, that is, C 1 ≤C 2 ≤…≤C i ≤…≤C K , where C 1 ,C 2 ,…,C i ,…,C K Cluster U 1 ,U 2 ,…,U i ,…,U K The center point of Used to calculate the mean value of the M single-cell voltage data Used for When it is greater than the first threshold, C K-1 As cluster U K The equilibrium target value; when When it is greater than the second threshold, C K-2 As cluster U K-1 The equilibrium target value; and so on, when When it is greater than the K-2th threshold, C 2 As cluster U 3 The equilibrium target value; when When it is greater than the K-1th threshold, C 1 As cluster U 2 The equilibrium target value; when the K value is equal to 3, the value ranges of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold are all Among them, V 额 is the rated voltage of the supercapacitor, δ min ,δ max They are the minimum correction deviation and the maximum correction deviation of the rated capacity of the supercapacitor respectively; When the K value is greater than 3, the value ranges of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., and the K-1th threshold are all V 0 / (K / 3), where V 0 is the value range of the first threshold, the second threshold, ..., the K-1th threshold when the K value is equal to 3.

6. The energy storage system balanced screening and control system according to claim 5, Features: Each of the module voltage balancing units includes a main control module and an 1 The main control module adopts a control module with a MK60 microprocessor based on the ARM-cortex-M4 core as the core.

7. The energy storage system balanced screening and control system according to claim 5 or 6, Features: The main control unit adopts a control module with a MK66 microprocessor based on the ARM-cortex-M4 core as the core.

8. A device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, It is characterized in that When the processor executes the program, the energy storage system balancing screening and control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

9. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, It is characterized in that When the program is executed by a processor, the energy storage system balancing screening and control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

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