A laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention discloses a laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot, which includes a laser, an optical fiber, and an optical device connected in sequence. The optical fiber includes an optical fiber core and an optical outer cladding, and the optical outer cladding is arranged on the outer periphery of the optical fiber core. By implementing the welding machine device of the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to effectively solve the problems of poor processing phenomena such as spatter and explosion points in laser processing applications, improve the processing accuracy and quality, and the effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot. Background Art

[0002] In traditional laser processing such as welding, cutting, cladding and other fields, the output is a Gaussian beam. Due to the fact that the energy in the middle of the Gaussian beam is high and the energy at the edge is low, the quality, accuracy, etc. of laser processing are restricted. Compared with the ordinary Gaussian beam, the energy of the annular light spot is distributed on the edge annular band, and the energy distribution is relatively uniform. In laser processing applications, it can effectively solve the problems such as spatter and explosion points generated during the laser processing process, thereby improving the processing accuracy and quality. Usually, an annular light spot can be generated by means of a fiber combiner, a combination lens, DOE shaping, etc. These methods are restricted by factors such as the large processing difficulty of the device, the high accuracy of optical path adjustment, and the high price of the device, and the effect is often not good.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new device to effectively solve the problems such as spatter and explosion points in laser processing applications, improve the processing accuracy and quality, and have a good effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: Provide a laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot, including a laser, an optical fiber and an optical device connected in sequence. The optical fiber includes an optical fiber core and an optical outer cladding, and the optical outer cladding is arranged on the outer periphery of the optical fiber core.

[0006] A further technical solution thereof is: The optical fiber further includes an optical cladding, and the optical cladding is arranged between the optical fiber core and the optical outer cladding.

[0007] A further technical solution thereof is: A coating layer is arranged on the outer periphery of the optical outer cladding.

[0008] A further technical solution thereof is: The material of the optical fiber core is high-purity quartz or germanium-doped material; the material of the optical cladding is a doped glass material deposited by chemical vapor deposition, the material of the optical outer cladding is high-purity quartz material, and the material of the coating layer is acrylic resin.

[0009] A further technical solution thereof is: The refractive index of the optical fiber core is greater than the refractive index of the optical cladding.

[0010] A further technical solution thereof is: The refractive index of the optical outer cladding is greater than the refractive index of the coating layer.

[0011] A further technical solution thereof is that the refractive index of the optical cladding is less than that of the optical outer cladding.

[0012] A further technical solution thereof is that the optical device includes a third lens, a galvanometer, and a field lens connected in sequence.

[0013] A further technical solution thereof is that a first lens and a second lens are connected in sequence between the laser and the optical fiber.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with the prior art is that by arranging a laser, an optical fiber, and an optical device connected in sequence, the optical fiber includes a fiber core and an optical outer cladding, and by generating an annular light spot after adding the optical device, the present invention effectively solves the problems of poor processing phenomena such as spatter and explosion points in laser processing applications, improves the processing accuracy and quality, and has good effects.

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an annular light spot generated after a Gaussian beam passes through an optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the refractive index distribution of an optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Explanation of the labels in the drawings:

[0022] 1. First lens; 2. Second lens; 3. Optical fiber; 4. Third lens; 5. Galvanometer; 6. Field lens; 7. Focal plane; 8. Fiber core; 9. Optical cladding; 10. Optical outer cladding; 11. Coating layer; 12. Laser. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations.

[0025] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in this specification of the present invention and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms.

[0026] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in this specification of the present invention and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of a laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This laser welding machine device is used in a laser processing scenario to improve the laser micro-welding processing technology, effectively solve the problems of poor processing phenomena such as spatter and explosion points in laser processing applications, and improve the processing accuracy and quality, with good effects.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , the above-mentioned laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot includes a laser 12, an optical fiber 3, and an optical device connected in sequence. The optical fiber 3 includes an optical fiber core 8 and an optical outer cladding 10, and the optical outer cladding 10 is provided on the outer periphery of the optical fiber core 8.

[0029] In this embodiment, the Gaussian beam output by the laser 12 is coupled into the optical outer cladding 10 of the optical fiber 3 and output after passing through the optical outer cladding 10 of the double-clad optical fiber. As Figure 2 shown, the annular light spot generated by the optical fiber 3 has a preferential device price, simple optical path adjustment, and obvious annular light spot effect. On this basis, by adding optical devices such as lenses, galvanometers 5, and field lenses 6, a mature and perfect fixed laser welding machine device with an annular light spot can be formed, which can effectively solve various problems during laser welding processing.

[0030] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , the above optical fiber 3 further includes an optical cladding 9, and the optical cladding 9 is provided between the optical fiber core 8 and the optical outer cladding 10.

[0031] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , a coating layer 11 is provided on the outer periphery of the above optical outer cladding 10.

[0032] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , the material of the above optical fiber core 8 is high-purity quartz or germanium-doped material; the material of the optical cladding 9 is a doped glass material deposited by chemical vapor deposition, the material of the optical outer cladding 10 is high-purity quartz material, and the material of the coating layer 11 is acrylic resin.

[0033] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 , the refractive index of the above optical fiber core 8 is greater than that of the optical cladding 9.

[0034] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 , the refractive index of the above optical outer cladding 10 is greater than that of the coating layer 11.

[0035] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 , the refractive index of the above optical cladding 9 is less than that of the optical outer cladding 10.

[0036] The optical fiber 3 is a cylindrical dielectric optical waveguide composed of a core, a cladding, and a coating layer 11. The optical fiber core 8 is made of high-purity quartz or germanium-doped material, the optical cladding 9 is a doped glass material deposited by chemical vapor deposition, the optical outer cladding 10 is made of high-purity quartz material, and the coating layer 11 is generally acrylic resin. Among them, the refractive index of the optical fiber core 8 is n1; the refractive index of the optical cladding 9 is n2; the refractive index of the optical outer cladding 10 is n3; the refractive index of the coating layer 11 is n4. The refractive index n1 is greater than the refractive index n2, and the refractive index n3 is greater than the refractive index n4. As Figure 4 shown, according to the optical waveguide theory, when light travels from an optically denser medium to an optically thinner medium and the incident angle is greater than the critical angle, total internal reflection will occur and the light will propagate in the optically denser medium. In this embodiment, the refractive indices of the respective regions of the optical fiber 3 are n1>n2, n3>n4, n1>n2<n3. When the laser beam is coupled into the optical outer cladding 10, due to n3>n4, the light propagates in the optical outer cladding 10 of the optical fiber. Due to n2<n3, the light cannot propagate in the optical cladding 9 of the optical fiber. The optical cladding 9 plays a role in isolating and confining the light, making the generated annular light spot profile more obvious and clear.

[0037] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , the above optical device includes a third lens 4, a galvanometer 5, and a field lens 6 connected in sequence.

[0038] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , a first lens 1 and a second lens 2 are sequentially connected between the above-mentioned laser 12 and the optical fiber 3.

[0039] Based on the optical fiber 3, optical devices such as a laser 12, a first lens 1, a second lens 2, a third lens 4, a galvanometer 5, and a field lens 6 are added to form a welding machine device with an annular light spot. The laser 12 emits a Gaussian beam. After being collimated by the first lens 1, it is then focused and coupled into the outer cladding of the optical fiber 3 by the second lens 2. After the optical fiber 3 outputs the beam, it is collimated by the third lens 4 and then enters the galvanometer 5. After being focused by the field lens 6, an annular light spot is obtained at the focal plane 7.

[0040] For example: The first lens 1 is an F50 lens, the second lens 2 is an F50 lens, the third lens 4 is an F120 lens, and the field lens 6 is an F170 field lens 6; the welding machine device is sequentially composed of a QCW laser 12, an F50 lens, an F50 lens, a 400 / 440 / 560 0.22NA optical fiber, an F120 lens, a galvanometer 5, an F170 field lens 6, and a focal plane 7. The laser 12 emits a multi-mode or few-mode laser beam. After being collimated by the first lens 1 and focused by the second lens 2, the spot size is 14um and is coupled into the outer cladding of the optical fiber. The divergence angle of the beam output by the optical fiber 3 is NA = 0.1. After being collimated by the third lens 4, the spot size is 24mm. The beam enters the galvanometer 5 and an annular focused light spot with a spot size of 623um is obtained at the focal plane 7 after passing through the field lens 6. The refractive index distribution in each region of this optical fiber is: n1 > n2, n3 > n4, n1 > n2 < n3, as Figure 4 shown. When the laser beam is coupled into the outer cladding 10 of the optical fiber, n3 > n4. According to the waveguide principle, the beam will propagate within the structure of the outer cladding of the optical fiber; since n2 < n3 and n2 > n1, according to the waveguide principle, light cannot propagate in the structure of the optical cladding 9. The optical cladding 9 plays a role in isolating and confining light, making the finally obtained annular light spot more obvious and the contour clearer.

[0041] The above-mentioned laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot, by setting the sequentially connected laser 12, optical fiber 3, and optical devices, where the optical fiber 3 includes an optical fiber core 8 and an optical outer cladding 10, and combining to generate an annular light spot after adding optical devices, effectively solves the problems of poor processing phenomena such as spatter and explosion points in laser processing applications, improves the processing accuracy and quality, and has good effects.

[0042] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot, characterized in that, It includes a laser, an optical fiber, and an optical device connected in sequence. The optical fiber includes a fiber core and an optical outer cladding, and the optical outer cladding is provided on the outer periphery of the fiber core; The optical fiber further includes an optical cladding, and the optical cladding is provided between the fiber core and the optical outer cladding; A coating layer is provided on the outer periphery of the optical outer cladding; The material of the fiber core is high-purity quartz or germanium-doped material; the material of the optical cladding is a doped glass material deposited by chemical vapor deposition, the material of the optical outer cladding is high-purity quartz material, and the material of the coating layer is acrylic resin; The refractive index of the fiber core is greater than that of the optical cladding; The refractive index of the optical outer cladding is greater than that of the coating layer; The refractive index of the optical cladding is less than that of the optical outer cladding.

2. The laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical device includes a third lens, a galvanometer, and a field lens connected in sequence.

3. The laser welding machine device based on an annular light spot according to claim 2, characterized in that A first lens and a second lens are connected in sequence between the laser and the optical fiber.

Images