Multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system

Abstract

The present invention provides a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system, comprising: a packing, a spray tower, an evaporator and a condenser, wherein the packing is arranged in the spray tower; a first liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower; a gas pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower, the evaporator and the condenser are arranged in turn in the gas pipeline, and a refrigerant circuit is formed between the evaporator and the condenser; a second liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower, the evaporator is located in the second liquid pipeline, a gas supply pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the spray tower, a first gas outlet pipeline is arranged at the top of the spray tower, and the condenser is located in the first gas outlet pipeline; a third liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower, the condenser is located in the third liquid pipeline, and a second gas outlet pipeline is arranged at the top of the spray tower. The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system can realize multiple functional uses such as low-temperature concentration of solution, deep dehumidification of air, and heat collection of low-temperature solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of spray equipment, and in particular to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system. Background Art

[0002] Spray systems are widely used in the fields of food and medicine, chemical industry, construction, environment, etc. to achieve heat and mass exchange processes such as solution concentration, air dehumidification, and low-temperature solution heat collection. The spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system in the prior art has the disadvantages of single function, low efficiency, high energy consumption, and low automation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system, which is used to solve the problems of single function, low efficiency and high energy consumption of the spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system in the prior art.

[0004] The present invention provides a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system, comprising: a filler, a spray tower, an evaporator and a condenser, wherein the filler is arranged in the spray tower;

[0005] A first liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower; a gas pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower, the evaporator and the condenser are sequentially arranged on the gas pipeline, and a refrigerant circuit is formed between the evaporator and the condenser;

[0006] A second liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower, the evaporator is located in the second liquid pipeline, an air supply pipeline is provided at the bottom of the spray tower, a first air outlet pipeline is provided at the top of the spray tower, and the condenser is located in the first air outlet pipeline;

[0007] A third liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower, the condenser is located in the third liquid pipeline, and a second gas outlet pipeline is provided at the top of the spray tower.

[0008] According to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention, when the first liquid pipeline is connected, the gas pipeline and the refrigerant circuit are both connected.

[0009] According to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention, when the second liquid pipeline is connected, the air supply pipeline, the first air outlet pipeline and the refrigerant circuit are all connected.

[0010] According to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention, when the third liquid pipeline is connected, the air supply pipeline, the second air outlet pipeline and the refrigerant circuit are all connected.

[0011] According to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention, when the first liquid pipeline is connected, the air supply pipeline and the second air outlet pipeline are both connected.

[0012] According to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention, the multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system further includes a solution pump, and the solution pump is arranged on the first liquid pipeline.

[0013] According to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention, the multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system further includes a first fan, and the first fan is arranged on the gas pipeline.

[0014] According to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention, the multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system further includes a second fan, and the second fan is arranged on the air supply pipeline.

[0015] According to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention, the filler is a corrugated structure and is provided with through holes.

[0016] According to a multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention, the multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system also includes a spray component, the spray component is arranged in the spray tower and located above the packing, and the spray component is connected to the first liquid pipeline.

[0017] The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention comprises a heated air driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem, a heated solution driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem, a cooled solution driven spray countercurrent dehumidification subsystem and a low-temperature solution spray countercurrent heat collection subsystem, which can realize multiple functional uses such as low-temperature concentration of solution, deep dehumidification of air and heat collection of low-temperature solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is one of the partial schematic diagrams of the multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3This is the second partial schematic diagram of the multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is the third partial schematic diagram of the multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is the fourth partial schematic diagram of the multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system provided by the present invention;

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 1: First valve; 2: First fan; 3: Evaporator;

[0026] 4: second valve; 5: third valve; 6: fourth valve;

[0027] 7: The fifth valve; 8: Spray tower; 81: Spray assembly;

[0028] 82: packing; 83: tower body; 9: fourteenth valve;

[0029] 10: solution pump; 11: sixth valve; 12: compressor;

[0030] 13: The seventh valve; 14: The eighth valve; 15: The ninth valve;

[0031] 16: The second fan; 17: The tenth valve; 18: The eleventh valve;

[0032] 19: 12th valve; 20: 3rd fan; 21: 13th valve;

[0033] 22: Condenser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] For industrial scenarios of solution concentration, the low-temperature concentration equipment in the existing technology has the disadvantages of large size, high energy consumption, large investment, small batches, multiple batches, and inability to handle highly viscous materials. The existing MVR concentration system equipment is relatively expensive and is not suitable for handling multiple batches or small batches of materials. It is also difficult to handle highly viscous materials, and it is difficult to apply and promote.

[0036] Regarding industrial scenarios of air dehumidification, some special industrial scenarios such as electronics, food and medicine, light industry, military industry, etc. have strict requirements on the temperature and humidity of the ambient air. The control effect of the indoor thermal and humidity environment will directly affect the production efficiency and product quality. Compared with the indoor thermal and humidity control requirements of civil buildings, the indoor thermal and humidity environment control requirements of many industrial buildings are more stringent, requiring the indoor air humidity content to be lower than 7.0g / kg.

[0037] Commonly used air dehumidification methods can be divided into three categories: condensation dehumidification, rotary dehumidification, and solution dehumidification. Condensation dehumidification has two shortcomings: (1) The cooling and dehumidification processes of condensation dehumidification are coupled with each other. In order to achieve air dehumidification, the temperature of the treated air needs to be reduced to below the dew point temperature before treatment. Air with too low a temperature cannot be directly sent into the room. Sometimes the air needs to be reheated or mixed with air before it is sent into the room. The reheating process will bring about significant cold and heat offset, which directly affects the energy efficiency level of the air conditioning system; (2) The condensed water produced by condensation dehumidification will stay on the surrounding wall surface, forming a wet surface. These wet surfaces will become a good place for the reproduction of biological pollutants such as mold, which may significantly affect the indoor air quality. In the rotary dehumidification system, the dehumidification process of the solid adsorbent to the air is approximately an isenthalpic process. The temperature of the air after dehumidification will increase significantly to about 40°C. Therefore, the air after dehumidification needs to be cooled to adjust the outlet air temperature to the required value. In the solution dehumidification system, the dehumidification process of the air by the liquid desiccant can be cooling dehumidification, isothermal dehumidification or heating dehumidification. The air can be directly cooled and dehumidified from the inlet state point to the required outlet state point by adjusting the solution temperature, concentration and flow rate in the dehumidification device.

[0038] The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a heated air driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem, a heated solution driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem, a cooling solution driven spray countercurrent deep dehumidification subsystem and a low temperature solution spray countercurrent heat collection subsystem.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the heated air driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem of an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first fan 2, an evaporator 3, a second valve 4, a fourth valve 6, a fifth valve 7, a spray tower 8, a solution pump 10, a sixth valve 11, a compressor 12, an eighth valve 14, a tenth valve 17, a third fan 20, a thirteenth valve 21 and a condenser 22.

[0040] A first liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower 8 and the top of the spray tower 8 , and a solution pump 10 and a fifth valve 7 are sequentially arranged on the first liquid pipeline along the liquid flow direction.

[0041] A gas pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower 8 and the top of the spray tower 8, the evaporator 3 and the condenser 22 are arranged in the gas pipeline in sequence, a refrigerant circuit is formed between the evaporator 3 and the condenser 22, and the sixth valve 11 and the compressor 12 are arranged in the refrigerant circuit.

[0042] The spray tower 8 comprises a spray assembly 81, a filler 82 and a tower body 83. The spray assembly 81 is arranged in the tower body 83, and the spray assembly 81 is located above the filler 82.

[0043] Specifically, along the flow direction of the gas, the gas pipeline is provided with a second valve 4, a first fan 2, an evaporator 3, a fourth valve 6, an eighth valve 14, a condenser 22, a thirteenth valve 21, a third fan 20 and a tenth valve 17 in sequence.

[0044] The solution pump 10 is connected to the solution outlet at the bottom of the spray tower 8 to transport the solution at the bottom of the spray tower 8 to the top thereof. The solution is discharged through the spray assembly 81, evenly arranged on the upper part of the filler 82 and flows downward. The outlet of the third fan 20 is connected to the hot air inlet at the bottom of the spray tower 8 to transport hot air to the spray tower 8. The hot air enters the filler 82 and moves upward, exchanging heat and mass with the solution flowing from top to bottom. The hot air is discharged through the wet air outlet at the top of the spray tower 8, and is pressurized again by the first fan 2 and transported to the evaporator 3. The wet air is cooled and dehumidified in the evaporator 3. The cooled and dehumidified wet air enters the condenser 22 to be heated by isohumidity, and then is pressurized by the third fan 20 and input into the spray tower 8 for the next air cycle.

[0045] The function of the spray tower 8 is to provide a heat and mass exchange place for the hot air and the solution, to realize heat and mass exchange in the filler 82, and the solution is heated while transferring moisture to the hot air, and the high-temperature hot air is cooled down to become low-temperature wet air.

[0046] The refrigerant medium undergoes an evaporation and condensation cycle between the evaporator 3 and the condenser 22. The refrigerant medium evaporates in the evaporator 3 to realize the refrigeration function, cools and dehumidifies the low-temperature humid air, and condenses in the condenser 22 to realize the heating function, and performs isohumidification heating on the low-temperature dry air.

[0047] The solution can be a highly corrosive solution, such as sodium chloride solution. At this time, the solution temperature is relatively low (35-45°C), which can reduce the corrosiveness of the solution to the equipment. The concentration of the solution can be 0.5-20%, the air circulation supply temperature is 50-70°C, the supply air relative humidity is 10-20%, the return air temperature is 35-45°C, and the return air relative humidity is 40-55%. As the concentration of the solution increases, the air temperature and humidity take larger values ​​within a reasonable range.

[0048] The refrigerant may be R134a, the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 3 may be 10-20°C, and the condensation temperature of the condenser 22 may be 55-75°C.

[0049] The heated air driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem is suitable for occasions with high ambient air humidity, such as when the ambient air temperature is between 20 and 35°C and the relative humidity of the ambient air is between 50 and 90%. It is suitable for highly corrosive solutions, such as sodium chloride solution. It can keep the solution temperature low (35 to 45°C) and reduce the solution's corrosiveness to the equipment.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the heated solution driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem includes: an evaporator 3, a third valve 5, a spray tower 8, a fourteenth valve 9, a solution pump 10, a sixth valve 11, a compressor 12, an eighth valve 14, a ninth valve 15, a second fan 16, a twelfth valve 19, a third fan 20, a thirteenth valve 21 and a condenser 22.

[0051] An air supply pipeline is provided at the bottom of the spray tower 8, and a ninth valve 15 and a second fan 16 are sequentially provided on the air supply pipeline along the air inlet direction. A second air outlet pipeline is provided at the top of the spray tower 8. The second air outlet pipeline may be provided with a third valve 5.

[0052] A third liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower 8 and the top of the spray tower 8, and the third liquid pipeline is provided with a solution pump 10, a twelfth valve 19, a thirteenth valve 21, a condenser 22, an eighth valve 14 and a fourteenth valve 9 in sequence along the flow direction of the liquid. A refrigerant circuit is formed between the evaporator 3 and the condenser 22, and the sixth valve 11 and the compressor 12 are provided in the refrigerant circuit.

[0053] The solution at the bottom of the spray tower 8 is pressurized by the solution pump 10 and transported to the condenser 22 for heating, and then enters the top of the spray tower 8, is evenly sprayed on the filler 82 through the spray assembly 81, and flows from top to bottom. The ambient air enters the bottom of the spray tower 8 after being pressurized by the second fan 16, flows from bottom to top through the filler 82, and performs countercurrent heat and mass exchange with the hot solution flowing from top to bottom, and is finally discharged through the top of the spray tower 8.

[0054] Among them, the function of the spray tower 8 is to provide a place for heat and mass exchange between the incoming air and the hot solution, to realize heat and mass exchange in the filler 82, and the incoming air absorbs the moisture of the hot solution while being heated. After being heated and humidified by the hot solution, the incoming air becomes high-temperature wet air and is discharged, and the hot solution is concentrated.

[0055] The refrigerant undergoes an evaporation and condensation cycle between the evaporator 3 and the condenser 22. The refrigerant condenses in the condenser 22 to achieve a heating function, heats the solution, and the evaporator 3 absorbs air energy in the environment and evaporates to achieve a cooling function.

[0056] The heated solution driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem is suitable for ambient air with low humidity, the ambient air temperature can be 5-35°C, and the relative humidity can be less than 40%. The solution can be a solution that is not highly corrosive at high temperatures, such as a sodium sulfate solution, the solution concentration can be 0.5-20%, the solution temperature can be 50-70°C, the ambient air temperature can be 5-30°C, and the air supply humidity can be 20-50%. As the solution concentration increases, the air temperature and humidity take smaller values ​​within a reasonable range.

[0057] For example, the ambient air temperature can be 25-35°C, the supply air relative humidity can be 30-50%, the return air temperature can be 35-45°C, and the return air relative humidity can be 30-50%. The return air relative humidity is suitable for solutions with low corrosiveness, such as sodium sulfate solution, which is still non-corrosive to equipment at high temperatures between 50-70°C.

[0058] The refrigerant may be R134a, the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 3 may be 5-10°C lower than the ambient temperature, and the condensation temperature of the condenser 22 may be 55-75°C.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the cooling solution driven spray countercurrent deep dehumidification subsystem includes: a first valve 1, an evaporator 3, a fourth valve 6, a spray tower 8, a fourteenth valve 9, a solution pump 10, a sixth valve 11, a compressor 12, a seventh valve 13, a ninth valve 15, a second fan 16, an eleventh valve 18, a third fan 20, a thirteenth valve 21 and a condenser 22.

[0060] A second liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower 8 and the top of the spray tower 8 , and a solution pump 10 , a first valve 1 , an evaporator 3 , a fourth valve 6 and a fourteenth valve 9 are sequentially arranged on the second liquid pipeline along the flow direction of the liquid.

[0061] A gas supply pipeline is provided at the bottom of the spray tower 8, and a ninth valve 15 and a second fan 16 are sequentially provided on the gas supply pipeline along the direction of gas inlet. A first gas outlet pipeline is provided at the top of the spray tower 8, and a seventh valve 13, a condenser 22, a thirteenth valve 21, a third fan 20 and an eleventh valve 18 are sequentially provided on the first gas outlet pipeline along the flow direction of the gas.

[0062] A refrigerant circuit is formed between the evaporator 3 and the condenser 22 , and the sixth valve 11 and the compressor 12 are arranged in the refrigerant circuit.

[0063] The solution at the bottom of the spray tower 8 is pressurized by the solution pump 10, enters the evaporator 3 and is cooled, and then is discharged through the spray assembly 81, evenly distributed on the filler 82, and then flows from top to bottom. The ambient air enters the bottom of the spray tower 8 after being pressurized by the second fan 16, and then flows from bottom to top through the filler 82, and is finally discharged from the low-temperature dry air outlet at the top of the spray tower 8. The low-temperature dry air enters the condenser 22 and is heated to achieve air heat recovery. The third fan 20 finally discharges the recovered dry air and sends it to a predetermined location.

[0064] The function of the spray tower 8 is to provide a heat and mass exchange place for the ambient air and the low-temperature solution, to realize heat and mass exchange in the filler 82, and the ambient air is cooled and dehumidified by the low-temperature solution to obtain low-temperature dry air.

[0065] The refrigerant medium performs an evaporation and condensation cycle between the evaporator 3 and the condenser 22. The refrigerant medium evaporates in the evaporator 3 to realize the refrigeration function and cool the circulating solution. The refrigerant medium condenses in the condenser 22 to realize the heating function and recover the low-temperature dry air after dehumidification.

[0066] The cooling solution driven spray countercurrent deep dehumidification subsystem is suitable for deep treatment of high humidity air. The absolute moisture content of the treated air is 0.5 to 3 g / kg.

[0067] The solutions can be lithium bromide (-30℃ ~ -50℃), potassium formate (-15℃ ~ -30℃) and sodium nitrate solution (-5℃ ~ -15℃). The solution can be selected according to different dehumidification requirements. The absolute humidity of the air after dehumidification can be between 0.05 and 7 / kg, achieving deep dehumidification of the air.

[0068] The refrigerant can be CO2, and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 3 is between -40°C and -60°C, which is used to cool the lithium bromide solution; when the evaporation temperature is between -25°C and -40°C, it is used to cool the potassium formate solution;

[0069] The refrigerant can also be R404a, and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 3 is between minus 25°C and minus 40°C, which is used to cool the potassium formate solution; when the evaporation temperature is between minus 15°C and minus 25°C, it is used to cool the sodium nitrate solution.

[0070] The condenser 22 is used to heat the low-temperature dry air after dehumidification to achieve the temperature recovery of the low-temperature dry air. The air temperature after heating can be between 10 and 25°C.

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, the low-temperature solution spray countercurrent heat recovery subsystem includes: a fifth valve 7, a spray tower 8, a solution pump 10, a ninth valve 15 and a second fan 16.

[0072] A first liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower 8 and the top of the spray tower 8 , and a solution pump 10 and a fifth valve 7 are sequentially arranged on the first liquid pipeline along the liquid flow direction.

[0073] An air supply pipeline is provided at the bottom of the spray tower 8, and a ninth valve 15 and a second fan 16 are sequentially provided on the air supply pipeline along the air inlet direction. A second air outlet pipeline is provided at the top of the spray tower 8.

[0074] The solution pump 10 is connected to the bottom solution outlet of the spray tower 8 to transport the bottom solution of the spray tower 8 to the top thereof. The solution is discharged through the spray assembly 81, evenly arranged on the upper part of the filler 82 and flows downward. The ambient air enters the bottom of the spray tower 8 after being pressurized by the second fan 16, and then flows from bottom to top through the filler 82, and is finally discharged from the low-temperature dry air outlet at the top of the spray tower 8.

[0075] The function of the spray tower 8 is to provide a heat and mass exchange place for the ambient air and the cryogenic solution, realize heat and mass exchange in the filler 82, and the cryogenic solution absorbs the sensible heat of dry air and latent heat of water in the air, thereby realizing heat recovery of the cryogenic solution.

[0076] The low-temperature solution spray countercurrent heat collection subsystem is suitable for the energy tower heat pump system to realize the heat recovery treatment of the refrigerant solution and achieve building heating.

[0077] The low temperature solution may be a potassium formate solution, the temperature may be between -15°C and -25°C, and the concentration may be between 30% and 40%.

[0078] The low temperature solution may also be a potassium carbonate solution, the temperature may be -10°C to -15°C, and the concentration may be 25 to 35%.

[0079] The low temperature solution may also be a sodium nitrate solution, the temperature may be -5°C to -10°C, and the concentration may be 25 to 35%.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, a temperature sensor and a density sensor are arranged on the solution circulation pipelines of the liquid inlet and outlet of the spray tower 8, and a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged on the air circulation pipelines of the air inlet and return.

[0081] The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system also includes a controller, a temperature and density sensor on a solution circulation pipeline is connected to the controller, and a temperature and humidity sensor on an air circulation pipeline is connected to the controller.

[0082] Specifically, for the heated air driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are set on the gas pipeline. By adjusting the frequency of the third fan 20, the return air temperature and humidity of the spray tower 8 are controlled, and the heated air is precisely controlled, further realizing the automatic operation of the equipment.

[0083] For the heated solution driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem, a temperature sensor and a density sensor are set on the third liquid pipeline. By adjusting the frequency of the solution pump 10, the temperature of the outlet liquid of the spray tower 8 is controlled to achieve precise control of the heated solution and further realize automated operation of the equipment.

[0084] For the cooling solution driven spray countercurrent dehumidification subsystem, a temperature sensor and a density sensor are set on the second liquid pipeline. By adjusting the frequency of the solution pump 10, the temperature of the spray tower outlet liquid is controlled to achieve precise control of the cooling solution and further realize automatic operation of the equipment.

[0085] Example 1: Heated air driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem (such as Figure 2 (shown)

[0086] It is known that the evaporation capacity is 100kg / h, the solution can be a sodium chloride solution, the solution concentration can be 0.5-20%, the circulating air supply temperature is 50-70°C, the supply air relative humidity is 10-20%, the return air temperature is 35-45°C, the return air relative humidity is 40-55%, the solution circulation flow rate can be 20-30t / h, the air circulation flow rate is 5-10t / h, and the axial gas velocity of the spray tower can be 0.8-1.2m / s.

[0087] The heated air drives the spray countercurrent concentration subsystem. As the concentration of the solution increases, the temperature and humidity of the air take larger values ​​within a reasonable range.

[0088] The refrigerant may be R134a, the evaporation temperature of the evaporator may be 10-20°C, and the condensation temperature of the condenser may be 55-75°C.

[0089] The heated air driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem is suitable for occasions with high ambient air humidity, such as when the relative humidity of the ambient air is in the range of 50-90%. It is suitable for highly corrosive solutions, such as sodium chloride solution, ammonium chloride solution, potassium chloride solution, etc. The solution temperature is not high (35-45°C), which greatly reduces the solution's corrosiveness to the equipment.

[0090] Example 2: Heating solution drives spray countercurrent concentration subsystem (such as Figure 3 (shown)

[0091] It is known that the evaporation rate is 100kg / h, the solution can be a sodium sulfate solution, the solution concentration can be 0.5-20%, the solution temperature can be 50-70°C, the ambient air temperature can be 5-30°C, the supply air relative humidity can be 30-50%, the return air temperature is 35-45°C, and the return air relative humidity can be 30-50%.

[0092] The solution circulation flow rate can be 20-30 t / h, and the air flow rate can be 12-20 t / h.

[0093] The heated solution driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem is suitable for solutions that are not very corrosive, such as sodium sulfate solution, magnesium sulfate solution, ammonium sulfate solution, sodium carbonate solution, sodium nitrate solution, etc.

[0094] The refrigerant can be R134a, the evaporation temperature of the evaporator is 5 to 10°C lower than the ambient temperature, and the condensation temperature of the condenser can be 55 to 75°C.

[0095] Example 3: Cooling solution driven spray countercurrent dehumidification subsystem (such as Figure 4 (shown)

[0096] It is known that the dehumidification capacity is 100kg / h, the circulating solution flow rate can be 10-20t / h, and the circulating solution temperature can be between -5 and -50°C. The solutions can be lithium bromide (working range of -30 to -50°C), potassium formate (working range of -15 to -30°C) and sodium nitrate solution (working range of -5 to -15°C). The solution can be selected according to different dehumidification requirements, and the absolute humidity of the air after dehumidification can be between 0.05 and 7 / kg, achieving deep dehumidification of the air.

[0097] The supply air temperature can be 15-30°C, the supply air absolute humidity can be 7-25g / kg, the return air temperature can be 15-25°C, and the return air absolute humidity can be between 0.05 and 7 / kg, to achieve deep air dehumidification to meet special industrial application scenarios. The solution can be selected according to different dehumidification requirements, and the absolute humidity of the air after dehumidification can be achieved, thereby achieving deep dehumidification of the air.

[0098] The refrigerant can be CO2, and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator is between minus 40 and minus 60°C, which is used to cool lithium bromide solution; when the evaporation temperature is between minus 25 and minus 40°C, it is used to cool potassium formate solution; the refrigerant can be R404a, and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator is between minus 25 and minus 40°C, which is used to cool potassium formate solution; when the evaporation temperature is between minus 15 and minus 25°C, it is used to cool sodium nitrate solution.

[0099] Example 4: Low temperature solution driven spray countercurrent heat collection subsystem (such as Figure 5 (shown)

[0100] It is known that the heat extraction rate can be 10-20 t / h for the low-temperature solution circulation rate, the low-temperature solution temperature can be in the range of -5 to -25°C, and the low-temperature solution concentration can be in the range of 25 to 40%.

[0101] Depending on the components of the low-temperature solution, the specific operating parameters are as follows: the low-temperature solution can be a potassium formate solution, the temperature can be between minus 15 and minus 25°C, and the concentration can be between 30 and 40%; the low-temperature solution can be a potassium carbonate solution, the temperature can be between minus 10 and minus 15°C, and the concentration can be between 25 and 35%; the low-temperature solution can be a sodium nitrate solution, the temperature can be between minus 5 and minus 10°C, and the concentration can be between 25 and 35%.

[0102] The air supply of the spray tower heat collection subsystem is ambient air, the ambient air temperature is 5 to 10°C higher than that of the low-temperature solution, the air supply flow rate can be 15 to 25 t / h, and the relative humidity of the air supply can be 60 to 95%.

[0103] The low-temperature solution spray countercurrent heat collection subsystem is suitable for energy tower heat pump systems, and the heat recovery treatment of the refrigerant solution is used for building heating.

[0104] In the above four embodiments, the spray assembly 81 can adopt an extra-large diameter to prevent clogging, and select an axial flow solid cone nozzle, a nozzle angle of 120 degrees, a nozzle pressure of 0.5-1.0 bar, a nozzle connection size of 1 inch, and a nozzle flow rate of 2-3 cubic meters / hour.

[0105] The packing 82 can be a corrugated packing, which is a disc-shaped packing composed of many corrugated thin plates. The corrugations are 30 or 45 degrees to the tower axis. Each packing disc is installed vertically in the tower, and two adjacent packing discs are arranged at 90 degrees. The packing is made of 304 stainless steel. The corrugated plates of the packing are punched with small holes of about 5 mm, which can play a role in coarse distribution of liquid and horizontal mixing.

[0106] The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a heated air driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem, a heated solution driven spray countercurrent concentration subsystem, a cooled solution driven spray countercurrent dehumidification subsystem and a low-temperature solution spray countercurrent heat collection subsystem, which can realize multiple functional uses such as low-temperature concentration of solution, deep dehumidification of air and heat collection of low-temperature solution.

[0107] Compared with the existing low-temperature concentration equipment technology, it has the characteristics of small equipment size, small equipment investment, flexible system operation, suitable for small batches, multiple batches of materials, and suitable for highly heat-sensitive, highly viscous, and highly active materials. Compared with the current representative low-temperature MVR concentration equipment in the industry, the system operation is more flexible, the working temperature (20-60°C) is lower, the operation is more stable, the equipment cost is reduced by 1 / 2-2 / 3, the corrosion of materials such as salt water to the equipment is avoided, and it is not limited by waste heat sources.

[0108] Compared with the existing air dehumidification equipment technology, the temperature and humidity of the treated air can be restored to the level before treatment. The air temperature after heat pump condensation dehumidification is lower, and the air temperature after rotary dehumidification is higher, and both cannot be directly delivered to the room; through the refrigerant (which can be CO2) and the spray solution (which can be lithium bromide or potassium formate solution), the temperature of the circulating spray solution is greatly reduced (minus 30°C), which can achieve deep dehumidification of the air. The absolute moisture content of the air after dehumidification is 0.05~2g / kg.

[0109] The cooling and heating functions of the existing heat pump system are fully utilized, the cooling of the solution is achieved through the cooling function of the evaporator 3, and the heat recovery of the treated low-temperature dry air is achieved through the heating function of the condenser 22, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of the equipment.

[0110] Carry out online monitoring of key process parameters and work together with corresponding execution components to achieve PID precise control of key process parameters such as solution temperature, solution concentration, supply air temperature and humidity, return air temperature and humidity, etc., greatly improve the automation level of the equipment and achieve labor and cost reduction.

[0111] The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system of the embodiment of the present invention can be used to treat special situations such as high-salt and high-concentration wastewater below 2 tons / day, and has the following advantages: (1) It can be applied to high-viscosity materials, heat-sensitive materials, small batches, and multiple batches of materials; (2) The equipment is flexible in operation and can be adjusted between 20 and 80°C to meet different working conditions; (3) The initial investment of the system is reduced by 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 compared with the MVR low-temperature concentration equipment, and the system operation is simple; (4) A heat pump is used to realize waste heat recovery under low-temperature evaporation conditions, and the main working temperature is between 30 and 60°C. In this working range, the main characteristics of the MVR concentration system are low compressor suction pressure, large gas flow, high compressor cost, unstable operation under high vacuum, and low efficiency; (5) It avoids the corrosion of brine to the heat exchanger, is not limited by the waste heat source, and can be skid-mounted, with zero emission, no gas emission, and no water vapor emission.

[0112] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system, characterized in that: include: A packing, a spray tower, an evaporator and a condenser, wherein the packing is arranged in the spray tower; A first liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower; a gas pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower, the evaporator and the condenser are sequentially arranged on the gas pipeline, and a refrigerant circuit is formed between the evaporator and the condenser; A second liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower, the evaporator is located in the second liquid pipeline, an air supply pipeline is provided at the bottom of the spray tower, a first air outlet pipeline is provided at the top of the spray tower, and the condenser is located in the first air outlet pipeline; A third liquid pipeline is connected between the bottom of the spray tower and the top of the spray tower, the condenser is located in the third liquid pipeline, and a second gas outlet pipeline is provided at the top of the spray tower; The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system also includes a spray component, which is arranged in the spray tower and above the filler, and the spray component is connected to the first liquid pipeline; the filler is a corrugated structure, and a through hole is provided on the filler.

2. The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the first liquid pipeline is connected, the gas pipeline and the refrigerant circuit are both connected.

3. The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the second liquid pipeline is connected, the gas supply pipeline, the first gas outlet pipeline and the refrigerant circuit are all connected.

4. The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the third liquid pipeline is connected, the gas supply pipeline, the second gas outlet pipeline and the refrigerant circuit are all connected.

5. The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the first liquid pipeline is connected, the gas supply pipeline and the second gas outlet pipeline are both connected.

6. The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system further comprises a solution pump, which is arranged on the first liquid pipeline.

7. The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system also includes a first fan, which is arranged on the gas pipeline.

8. The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multifunctional spray countercurrent heat and mass exchange system also includes a second fan, which is arranged on the air supply pipeline.

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