Probe up-down pressing type formation and component distribution mechanism for square battery

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of probe upper and lower pressing type formation and content mechanism for square battery, comprising: fixed frame mechanism, including top frame component, bottom frame component and guide shaft component, top frame component is set on bottom frame component by guide shaft component;Top frame component is equipped with upper needle plate probe component;Compression mechanism is set in fixed frame mechanism, including floating layer component and middle frame component, floating layer component, middle frame component are slidably set on guide shaft component from top to bottom in sequence, and middle frame component is equipped with lower needle plate probe component;Battery tray is set on floating layer component;And cylinder assembly is set on top frame component, and the telescopic end of cylinder assembly is connected with middle frame component.The beneficial effects of the application are: realize efficient battery formation and content process, reduce human operation and accident, improve the production efficiency of automatic equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of prismatic battery formation and capacity testing, and more particularly to a probe-type upper and lower pressing mechanism for prismatic batteries. Background Technology

[0002] The formation of prismatic batteries is a crucial step in the battery manufacturing process, determining battery performance. Battery formation refers to the first charging process of a lithium battery, aiming to make the battery electrochemically active. Formation involves forming a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film on the surface of the negative electrode. The SEI film possesses the properties of a solid electrolyte and is an electronic insulator. However, this SEI film is also an excellent conductor of Li+, allowing Li+ ions to pass freely through it. Therefore, the quality of the lithium battery's formation directly affects its capacity, cycle performance, and safety performance.

[0003] Capacity sorting refers to the process of classifying batteries by their actual capacity, marking the capacity of each battery, and then classifying them according to certain capacity differences.

[0004] When performing capacity testing on a prismatic battery, it is necessary to determine the battery's position, ensure that the charge / discharge probes contact and clamp the battery's positive and negative terminals, and then start the process.

[0005] During the battery formation and capacity testing process, if the charge / discharge probes are not properly clamped to the positive and negative terminals, overheating can occur, potentially leading to a fire. This poses a danger to the production process and increases the accident rate.

[0006] During the formation and capacity testing, the positive and negative electrode probes are arranged in an up-down layout, which helps to improve equipment utilization and increase equipment production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a probe-pressing type formation and capacity testing mechanism for square batteries. Its advantage is that the lower probe plate assembly is arranged vertically, and through automatic lifting, the upper and lower probe plate assemblies are pressed together, causing the probes on the upper and lower probe assemblies to contact and clamp with the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, thus initiating the process. This improves equipment utilization, reduces human intervention and accidents, and increases the production efficiency of automated equipment.

[0008] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] A probe-type pressure-fitting formation and capacity-forming mechanism for square batteries, characterized in that it comprises:

[0010] A fixed frame mechanism includes a top frame assembly, a bottom frame assembly, and a guide shaft assembly. The top frame assembly is positioned above the bottom frame assembly via the guide shaft assembly. An operational space is provided between the top frame assembly and the bottom frame assembly for placing a tray assembly and performing capacity testing on the square batteries within the tray assembly. The top frame assembly is equipped with an upper needle plate probe assembly for contacting and connecting with the electrodes of the square batteries.

[0011] The clamping mechanism is located in the operating space of the fixed frame mechanism and includes a floating layer assembly and a middle frame assembly. The floating layer assembly and the middle frame assembly are slidably arranged on the guide shaft assembly from top to bottom. The middle frame assembly is provided with a lower needle plate probe assembly for contacting and connecting with the square battery electrode.

[0012] A battery tray, disposed on the floating layer assembly, is used to hold square batteries;

[0013] A cylinder assembly is provided on the top frame assembly, and the telescopic end of the cylinder assembly is connected to the middle frame assembly for clamping the square battery in the tray and performing a capacity-forming and charging / discharging process on it.

[0014] Furthermore, the top frame assembly includes a top frame frame, a needle plate adjustment assembly, an upper needle plate probe assembly, and a needle plate front positioning support assembly;

[0015] The top frame is mounted on top of the guide shaft assembly;

[0016] The needle plate adjustment assembly is disposed on the top frame and includes a slide rail and at least one pair of adjustment components. The slide rail is laid horizontally on the inner top surface of the top frame, and the adjustment components are disposed on the inner top surface of the top frame. The adjustment end of the adjustment component extends and retracts along the axial direction of the slide rail to adjust the spacing between the upper needle plate probe assemblies to accommodate different types of square batteries.

[0017] The upper needle plate probe assembly includes a charge-discharge probe assembly for charging and discharging the square battery and a collection cup assembly for collecting electrolyte and gas generated during the formation process. The charge-discharge probe assemblies are arranged in pairs, parallel to each other, and slidably mounted on the slide rail via a positioning support assembly at the front end of the needle plate. Each charge-discharge probe assembly in the same group is connected to the telescopic ends of different adjustment components. The bottom of each group of charge-discharge probe assemblies is provided with several upper probes for contacting the tabs of the square battery. The collection cup assembly is disposed on the charge-discharge probe assembly, and each group of collection cup assemblies corresponds one-to-one with the upper probes.

[0018] Furthermore, the top frame assembly also includes a smoke detector assembly, which is disposed on the side of the top frame and is used to detect fire smoke in the operating area.

[0019] Furthermore, the front end positioning support assembly of the needle plate includes a slider and a connecting plate. The charge / discharge probe assembly is slidably disposed at the bottom of the slide rail via the slider. The slider is connected to the telescopic end of the corresponding adjustment assembly to adjust the spacing between each pair of charge / discharge probe assemblies to accommodate different types of square batteries.

[0020] Furthermore, the cylinder assembly includes a cylinder, a cylinder fixing rod, a cylinder fixing plate, and a second limiting rod. The cylinder fixing plate is fixed to the bottom of the top frame frame via the cylinder fixing rods on both sides, and the bottom surface of the cylinder fixing plate is provided with a second limiting rod to prevent the cylinder fixing plate from directly contacting the middle frame assembly below. The cylinder is vertically mounted on the cylinder fixing plate, and the vertical pushing end of the cylinder is connected to the middle frame assembly below.

[0021] Furthermore, the floating layer assembly is slidably disposed on the guide shaft assembly, including the tray plate, positioning pin, guide block, notched corner positioning pin, positioning sensor, first guide sleeve assembly, and guide post. There are two tray plates, which are parallel rectangular plates. Each tray plate has a guide block, a first guide sleeve assembly, and a guide post at both ends along its length. The first guide sleeve assembly is located on the tray plate, the guide block is disposed on the upper surface of the tray plate, and the guide post is disposed on the lower surface of the tray plate. The guide shaft assembly is slidably inserted into the first guide sleeve assembly. The positioning pin, the notched corner positioning pin, and the positioning sensor are all disposed on the upper surface of the tray plate between the guide blocks to confirm whether the battery tray is correctly positioned.

[0022] Furthermore, the middle frame assembly is slidably disposed on the guide shaft assembly and located below the floating layer assembly. It includes a middle frame, a lower needle plate probe assembly, a cylinder floating connector, a first limiting assembly, a buffer spring assembly, a second guide sleeve assembly, a linear bearing assembly, and a tooling power-taking needle assembly. The lower needle plate probe assemblies are arranged side-by-side on the middle frame, and each set of lower needle plate probe assemblies has a lower probe corresponding one-to-one with the upper probe, used to contact the tabs of the square battery to charge and discharge the square battery. The cylinder floating connector is disposed on the middle frame and connected to the vertical pushing end of the cylinder. The first limiting assembly... The component and the buffer spring assembly are disposed on the frame edge of the middle frame for compressing and limiting the lower needle plate probe assembly; the second guide sleeve assembly is vertically disposed on the frame edge of the middle frame, and the guide post is slidably inserted into the second guide sleeve assembly; the linear bearing assembly is fixedly inserted into the frame edge of the middle frame, and the guide shaft assembly is slidably inserted into the linear bearing assembly; the tooling power-taking needle assembly is disposed on the middle frame, and the voltage input terminal of the lower needle plate probe assembly is electrically connected to the voltage output terminal of an external power source through the tooling power-taking needle assembly for automatic power taking during operation.

[0023] Furthermore, the bottom frame assembly includes a bottom frame frame and a floating plate support rod. The bottom frame frame is fixed to the lower end of the guide shaft assembly and is parallel to the top frame assembly. The floating plate support rod is vertically arranged on the upper surface of the bottom frame frame to support the floating layer assembly in its initial state.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are: to achieve efficient battery formation and capacity testing processes, reduce human intervention and accidents, and improve the production efficiency of automated equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 , 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top frame component structure of the organization;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder assembly structure of the mechanism;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the floating layer component structure of the organization;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mid-frame component structure of the organization;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base frame component structure of the organization;

[0031] In the diagram, 100 is the top frame assembly; 200 is the cylinder assembly; 300 is the battery tray; 400 is the floating layer assembly; 500 is the middle frame assembly; 600 is the bottom frame assembly; 700 is the guide shaft assembly; 101 is the top frame; 102 is the needle plate adjustment assembly; 121 is the slide rail; 103 is the upper needle plate probe assembly; 131 is the charge / discharge probe assembly; 132 is the collection cup assembly; 104 is the smoke detector assembly; 105 is the needle plate front end positioning support assembly; 151 is the slider; 152 is the connecting plate; 201 is the cylinder; 202 is the cylinder fixing rod; 2 03. Cylinder fixing plate; 204. Second limit rod; 401. Pallet support plate; 402. Positioning pin; 403. Guide block; 404. Notched corner positioning pin; 405. Position sensor; 406. First guide sleeve assembly; 407. Guide post; 501. Middle frame; 502. Lower needle plate probe assembly; 503. Cylinder floating joint; 504. First limit assembly; 505. Buffer spring assembly; 506. Second guide sleeve assembly; 507. Tooling power-taking needle assembly; 508. Linear bearing assembly; 601. Bottom frame; 602. Floating plate support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0034] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0035] The present invention provides a probe-type pressure-fitting formation and capacity-forming mechanism for square batteries, comprising:

[0036] The fixed frame mechanism includes a top frame assembly 100, a bottom frame assembly 600, and a guide shaft assembly 700. The top frame assembly 100 is disposed above the bottom frame assembly 600 via the guide shaft assembly 700. An operating space is provided between the top frame assembly 100 and the bottom frame assembly 600 for placing the tray assembly and performing capacity testing on the square batteries inside the tray assembly. The top frame assembly 100 is provided with an upper needle plate probe assembly 103 for contacting and connecting with the positive terminal of the square battery.

[0037] The clamping mechanism is located in the operating space of the fixed frame mechanism and includes a floating layer assembly 400 and a middle frame assembly 500. The floating layer assembly 400 and the middle frame assembly 500 are slidably arranged on the guide shaft assembly 700 from top to bottom. The middle frame assembly 500 is provided with a lower needle plate probe assembly 502 for contacting and connecting with the negative terminal post of the square battery.

[0038] A battery tray 300 is disposed on the floating layer assembly 400 for holding square batteries;

[0039] A cylinder assembly 200 is disposed on the top frame assembly 100, and the telescopic end of the cylinder assembly 200 is connected to the middle frame assembly 500 for clamping the square battery in the tray and performing a capacity-forming and charging / discharging process on it.

[0040] The top frame assembly 100 includes a top frame 101, a needle plate adjustment assembly 102, an upper needle plate probe assembly 103, and a needle plate front positioning support assembly 105.

[0041] The top frame 101 is mounted on the top of the guide shaft assembly 700;

[0042] The needle plate adjustment assembly 102 is disposed on the top frame 101, including a slide rail 121 and a pair of adjustment components. The slide rail is horizontally laid on the inner top surface of the top frame 101, and the adjustment components are disposed on the inner top surface of the top frame 101. The adjustment end of the adjustment component extends and retracts along the axial direction of the slide rail 121 to adjust the spacing between the upper needle plate probe assemblies 103 to accommodate different types of square batteries.

[0043] The upper needle plate probe assembly 103 includes a charge-discharge probe assembly 131 for charging and discharging the square battery and a collection cup assembly 132 for collecting electrolyte and gas generated during the formation process. The charge-discharge probe assemblies 131 are arranged in pairs, with two groups in total. They are parallel to each other and slidably mounted on the slide rail 121 via a needle plate front end positioning support assembly 105. Each group of charge-discharge probe assemblies is connected to the telescopic ends of different adjustment assemblies 122. The bottom of each group of charge-discharge probe assemblies is provided with several upper probes for contacting the tabs of the square battery. The collection cup assembly 132 is disposed on the charge-discharge probe assembly, and each group of collection cup assemblies 132 corresponds one-to-one with the upper probes.

[0044] The top frame assembly 100 also includes a smoke detector assembly 104, which is disposed on the side of the top frame 101 and is used to detect fire smoke in the operating area.

[0045] Two sets of the needle plate front end positioning support assembly 105 are respectively disposed at both ends of the charge / discharge probe assembly along its length. Each set of the needle plate front end positioning support assembly 105 includes two sliders 151 and two connecting plates 152. The two sets of charge / discharge probe assemblies 131 are parallel and slidably disposed at the bottom of the slide rail 121 via the sliders 151. One slider 151 of each set of charge / discharge probe assemblies 131 is connected to the same connecting plate 152, and the other slider 151 is connected to the other connecting plate 152. The two connecting plates 152 are respectively connected to the telescopic ends of the two sets of adjustment assemblies 122 to adjust the spacing between each pair of charge / discharge probe assemblies 131 to accommodate different types of square batteries.

[0046] The cylinder assembly 200 includes a cylinder 201, a cylinder fixing rod 202, a cylinder fixing plate 203, and a second limiting rod 204. The cylinder fixing plate 203 is fixed to the bottom of the top frame 101 by the cylinder fixing rods 202 on both sides, and the bottom surface of the cylinder fixing plate 203 is provided with a second limiting rod 204 to prevent the cylinder fixing plate 203 from directly contacting the middle frame assembly 500 below. The cylinder 201 is vertically installed on the cylinder fixing plate 203, and the vertical pushing end of the cylinder 201 is connected to the middle frame assembly 500 below.

[0047] The floating layer assembly 400 is slidably disposed on the guide shaft assembly 700, and includes the pallet plate 401, positioning pin 402, guide block 403, notched corner positioning pin 404, positioning sensor 405, first guide sleeve assembly 406, and guide post 407. There are two pallet plates 401, which are parallel rectangular plates. Each pallet plate 401 has a guide block 403, a first guide sleeve assembly 406, and a guide post 407 at both ends along its length. The first guide sleeve assembly... The pallet support plate 406 and the guide block 403 are both located on the upper surface of the pallet support plate 401, and the guide post 407 is located on the lower surface of the pallet support plate 401. The guide shaft assembly is slidably inserted into the first guide sleeve assembly 406. The positioning pin 402, the notched corner positioning pin 404, and the positioning sensor 405 are all located on the upper surface of the pallet support plate 401 between the guide blocks 403, used to confirm whether the battery tray 300 is correctly positioned. In the free state, the floating layer assembly 400 presses against the floating plate support rod 602 on the bottom frame assembly 600.

[0048] The middle frame assembly 500 is slidably disposed on the guide shaft assembly 700 and located below the floating layer assembly 400. It includes a middle frame 501, a lower needle plate probe assembly 502, a cylinder floating connector 503, a first limiting assembly 504, a buffer spring assembly 505, a second guide sleeve assembly 506, a linear bearing assembly 508, and a tooling power-taking needle assembly 507. The lower needle plate probe assemblies 502 are arranged side-by-side on the middle frame 501, and each set of lower needle plate probe assemblies 502 has a lower probe corresponding to the upper probe, used to contact the tabs of the square battery to charge and discharge the square battery. The cylinder floating connector 503 is disposed on the middle frame 501 and connected to the vertical pushing end of the cylinder 201. The first limiting assembly... Component 504 and the buffer spring assembly 505 are disposed on the frame edge of the middle frame 501 for compressing and limiting the lower needle plate probe assembly 502; the second guide sleeve assembly 506 is vertically disposed on the frame edge of the middle frame 501, and the guide post 407 is slidably inserted into the second guide sleeve assembly 506; the linear bearing assembly 508 is fixedly inserted into the frame edge of the middle frame 501, and the guide shaft assembly is slidably inserted into the linear bearing assembly 508; the tooling power-taking needle assembly 507 is disposed on the middle frame 501, and the voltage input terminal of the lower needle plate probe assembly 502 is electrically connected to the voltage output terminal of an external power source through the tooling power-taking needle assembly 507 for automatic power taking during operation.

[0049] The top surface of the second guide sleeve assembly 506 extends beyond the top surface of the linear bearing assembly 508.

[0050] The bottom frame assembly 600 includes a bottom frame 601 and a floating plate support rod 602. The bottom frame 601 is fixed to the lower end of the guide shaft assembly 700 and is parallel to the top frame assembly 100. The floating plate support rod 602 is vertically disposed on the upper surface of the bottom frame 601 to support the floating layer assembly 400 in its initial state. The floating layer assembly 400 presses against the floating plate support rod 602 of the bottom frame assembly 600 under the action of gravity.

[0051] The battery tray 300 of the invention is located on the tray plate 401 of the floating layer assembly 400, and the correct placement of the battery tray is confirmed by the positioning pin 402, guide block 403, corner positioning pin 404 and position sensor 405. If the tray is misplaced or the position is not correct, the position sensor 405 will sound an alarm.

[0052] The cylinder assembly 200 is fixed to the top frame frame 101 of the top frame assembly 100 and is connected to the cylinder floating joint 503 of the middle frame assembly 500 through the cylinder extension end. When the cylinder retracts, it drives the middle frame assembly 500 to move upward. When the middle frame assembly 500 rises to contact the floating layer assembly 400, it drives the floating layer assembly 400 to rise along the guide shaft assembly 700, and finally the square battery in the battery tray 300 reaches the formation and capacity testing position. At this time, the upper needle plate probe assembly 103 of the top frame assembly 100 contacts and presses against the positive terminal of the battery, and the lower needle plate probe assembly 502 of the middle frame assembly 500 contacts and presses against the negative terminal of the battery, and then the formation and capacity testing process begins.

[0053] In this embodiment, to ensure sufficient contact and compression between the charging / discharging probes and the positive and negative terminals of the battery, the compression amount of the charging / discharging probes is fixed. This compression is achieved by the cylinder 201 retracting, causing the buffer spring assembly 505 on the middle frame assembly 500 to contact and drive the floating layer assembly 400 to rise. During the rise, the upper needle plate probe assembly 103 contacts the upper terminal of the battery in the tray, compressing the probe and pressing it against the upper terminal. The cylinder 201 continues to rise, and the second limiting rod 204 contacts the tray support plate 401 on the floating layer assembly 400. The buffer spring assembly 505 is compressed, and the distance between the lower needle plate probe assembly 502 and the lower terminal of the battery in the battery tray 300 is shortened. When the buffer spring assembly 505 presses down until the tray support plate 401 contacts the first limiting assembly 504, the compression amount of the probe on the lower needle plate probe assembly 502 reaches the set value, contacting and pressing against the lower terminal of the battery. The heights of the second limiting rod 204 and the first limiting assembly 504 can be adapted to the battery height.

[0054] In this embodiment, the needle plate adjustment assembly 102 of the top frame assembly 100 can adjust the relative positions of the collection cup assembly and the charge / discharge probe assembly of the upper needle plate probe assembly 103 according to the position of the positive terminal post and the liquid injection port of the square battery to adapt to battery replacement. The needle plate front end positioning support assembly 105 is mainly used to position and support the needle plate. The needle plate is relatively high, and the setting of the needle plate front end positioning support assembly 105 helps to increase the stability of the needle plate and improve the alignment accuracy between the needle plate and the battery.

[0055] The embodiments described in this specification are merely examples of implementations of the inventive concept. The scope of protection of this invention should not be considered as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments. The scope of protection of this invention also includes equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A probe-type pressure-fitting formation and capacity-forming mechanism for square batteries, characterized in that, include: The fixed frame mechanism includes a top frame assembly (100), a bottom frame assembly (600), and a guide shaft assembly (700). The top frame assembly (100) is positioned above the bottom frame assembly (600) via the guide shaft assembly (700). An operating space is provided between the top frame assembly (100) and the bottom frame assembly (600) for placing the tray assembly and performing capacity testing on the square batteries inside the tray assembly. The top frame assembly (100) is provided with an upper needle plate probe assembly (103) for contacting and connecting with the electrodes of the square batteries. The clamping mechanism is located in the operating space of the fixed frame mechanism and includes a floating layer assembly (400) and a middle frame assembly (500). The floating layer assembly (400) and the middle frame assembly (500) are slidably arranged on the guide shaft assembly (700) from top to bottom. The middle frame assembly (500) is provided with a lower needle plate probe assembly (502) for contacting and connecting with the square battery electrode. A battery tray (300) is disposed on the floating layer assembly (400) for holding square batteries; And a cylinder assembly (200) is disposed on the top frame assembly (100), and the telescopic end of the cylinder assembly (200) is connected to the middle frame assembly (500); the cylinder assembly (200) includes a cylinder (201), a cylinder fixing rod (202), a cylinder fixing plate (203), and a second limiting rod (204). The top frame assembly (100) includes a top frame frame (101), a needle plate adjustment assembly (102), an upper needle plate probe assembly (103), and a needle plate front positioning support assembly (105). The top frame (101) is mounted on top of the guide shaft assembly (700); The needle plate adjustment assembly (102) is disposed on the top frame (101) and includes a slide rail (121) and at least one pair of adjustment components (122). The slide rail is horizontally laid on the inner top surface of the top frame (101), and the adjustment components (122) are disposed on the inner top surface of the top frame (101). The adjustment end of the adjustment component (122) extends and retracts along the axial direction of the slide rail (121) to adjust the spacing between the upper needle plate probe assemblies (103) to accommodate different types of square batteries. The upper needle plate probe assembly (103) includes a charge-discharge probe assembly (131) for charging and discharging the square battery and a collection cup assembly (132) for collecting electrolyte and gas generated during the formation process. The charge-discharge probe assemblies (131) are arranged in pairs, parallel to each other, and slidably mounted on the slide rail (121) via a needle plate front end positioning support assembly (105). Each group of charge-discharge probe assemblies is connected to the telescopic ends of different adjustment assemblies (122). The bottom of each group of charge-discharge probe assemblies is provided with several upper probes for contacting the tabs of the square battery. The collection cup assembly (132) is mounted on the charge-discharge probe assembly, and each group of collection cup assemblies (132) corresponds one-to-one with the upper probes. The front end positioning support assembly (105) of the needle plate includes a slider (151) and a connecting plate (152). The charge and discharge probe assembly (131) is slidably disposed on the bottom of the slide rail (121) through the slider (151). The slider (151) is connected to the telescopic end of the corresponding adjustment assembly (122) through the connecting plate (152) to adjust the spacing between each pair of charge and discharge probe assemblies (131) to accommodate different types of square batteries. The middle frame assembly (500) is slidably disposed on the guide shaft assembly (700) and located below the floating layer assembly (400). It includes a middle frame (501), a lower needle plate probe assembly (502), a cylinder floating connector (503), a first limiting assembly (504), a buffer spring assembly (505), a second guide sleeve assembly (506), a linear bearing assembly (508), and a tooling power-taking needle assembly (507). The lower needle plate probe assemblies (502) are arranged side-by-side on the middle frame (501), and each set of lower needle plate probe assemblies (502) is provided with a lower probe corresponding one-to-one with the upper probe, used to contact the tabs of the square battery to charge and discharge the square battery. The cylinder floating connector (503) is disposed on the middle frame (501) and is connected to the vertical pushing end of the cylinder (201). Connection; the first limiting component (504) and the buffer spring component (505) are disposed on the frame edge of the middle frame (501) for compressing and limiting the lower needle plate probe component (502); the second guide sleeve component (506) is vertically disposed on the frame edge of the middle frame (501), and the guide post is slidably inserted in the second guide sleeve component (506); the linear bearing component is fixedly inserted in the frame edge of the middle frame, and the guide shaft component is slidably inserted in the linear bearing component (508); the tooling power-taking needle component (507) is disposed on the middle frame (501), and the voltage input terminal of the lower needle plate probe component (502) is electrically connected to the voltage output terminal of the external power supply through the tooling power-taking needle component (507) for automatic power taking during operation.

2. The probe-type pressure-fitting formation and capacity-forming mechanism for a square battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top frame assembly (100) also includes a smoke detector assembly (104), which is disposed on the side of the top frame (101) and is used to detect fire smoke in the operating area.

3. The probe-type pressure-fitting formation and capacity-forming mechanism for a square battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder fixing plate (203) is fixed to the bottom of the top frame (101) by the cylinder fixing rods (202) on both sides, and the bottom surface of the cylinder fixing plate (203) is provided with a second limiting rod (204) to prevent the cylinder fixing plate (203) from directly contacting the middle frame assembly (500) below; the cylinder (201) is vertically installed on the cylinder fixing plate (203), and the vertical pushing end of the cylinder (201) is connected to the middle frame assembly (500) below.

4. The probe-type pressure-fitting formation and capacity-forming mechanism for a square battery as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The floating layer assembly (400) is slidably disposed on the guide shaft assembly (700), including a pallet plate (401), a positioning pin (402), a guide block (403), a notched corner positioning pin (404), a positioning sensor (405), a first guide sleeve assembly (406), and a guide post (407). There are two pallet plates (401), which are parallel rectangular plates. Each pallet plate (401) has a guide block (403), a first guide sleeve assembly (406), and a guide post (407) at both ends along its length. The first guide sleeve assembly (406) and the guide block (403) are both disposed on the upper surface of the tray plate (401), and the guide post (407) is disposed on the lower surface of the tray plate (401); the guide shaft assembly is slidably inserted in the first guide sleeve assembly (406); the positioning pin (402), the notched corner positioning pin (404), and the positioning sensor (405) are all disposed on the upper surface of the tray plate (401) between the guide blocks (403) to confirm whether the battery tray (300) is correctly positioned.

5. The probe-type pressure-fitting formation and capacity-forming mechanism for a square battery as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom frame assembly (600) includes a bottom frame (601) and a floating plate support rod (602). The bottom frame (601) is fixed to the lower end of the guide shaft assembly (700) and is parallel to the top frame assembly (100). The floating plate support rod (602) is vertically arranged on the upper surface of the bottom frame (601) to support the floating layer assembly (400) in its initial state.

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