Small cutterhead structure of rectangular shield and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a small cutter disc structure of a quasi-rectangular shield and a construction method thereof, comprising: a fixed sleeve for fixing and installing in the shield; a shell body which is arranged in the fixed sleeve and is hollow inside to form an accommodating space, the end of the shell body away from the cutting surface of the shield body protrudes from the fixed sleeve; a telescopic member with adjustable length and one end for fixing to the inner wall of the shield, the other end of the telescopic member is fixedly connected to the protruding end of the shell body; a rotating shaft installed in the shell body and protruding out of the accommodating space at the end close to the cutting surface; a motor installed in the accommodating space and drivingly connected to the rotating shaft; and a cutter disc installed at the protruding end of the rotating shaft, by adjusting the length of the telescopic member, the shell body is driven to move back and forth along the fixed sleeve, so that the cutter disc moves in the direction close to or away from the cutting surface. The present invention effectively solves the problem that the small cutter disc is prone to failure, adjusts the position of the small cutter disc to avoid excessive axial force on the small cutter disc, reduces the probability of failure of the small cutter disc, improves construction efficiency, and ensures construction progress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a small cutter head structure similar to a rectangular shield and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the demand for urban underground space continues to increase, shield machines are increasingly used in the construction of subway tunnels. Among them, the cross-section of the rectangular shield can cover two subway tunnels, one up and one down. Compared with the traditional method of building two circular cross-section tunnels, it has the characteristics of low construction cost, short construction period, and good settlement control. Therefore, it has been widely used.

[0003] A quasi-rectangular shield generally consists of two large cutterheads and two small cutterheads, and the two small cutterheads are located in the upper and lower parts near the middle of the section. Since the small cutterheads are subjected to large axial forces, the small cutterheads often malfunction during the advancement of the shield machine, causing the shield machine to shut down and the construction progress cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a small cutter disc structure of a rectangular shield and a construction method thereof, which solves the problem that the small cutter disc is prone to failure, adjusts the position of the small cutter disc to avoid excessive axial force on the small cutter disc, reduces the probability of failure of the small cutter disc, improves construction efficiency, and ensures construction progress.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the above purpose is:

[0006] The present invention provides a small cutterhead structure of a rectangular shield, which is installed on the inner wall of the shield. The small cutterhead structure includes:

[0007] A fixing sleeve for fixing in the shield;

[0008] A shell body which is inserted into the fixing sleeve and is hollow inside to form an accommodation space, and the end of the shell body which is away from the cutting surface of the shield extends out of the fixing sleeve;

[0009] A telescopic member with adjustable length and one end fixed to the inner wall of the shield, and the other end of the telescopic member is fixedly connected to the extended end of the shell;

[0010] A rotating shaft installed in the housing and having an end portion close to the cutting surface protruding out of the accommodating space;

[0011] A motor installed in the accommodating space and drivingly connected to the rotating shaft; and

[0012] The cutter disc installed on the protruding end of the rotating shaft drives the housing to move back and forth along the fixed sleeve by adjusting the length of the telescopic member, so that the cutter disc moves toward or away from the cutting surface.

[0013] The present invention adopts a small cutter disc structure quasi-rectangular shield, and drives the shell to move along the fixed sleeve toward or away from the cutting surface by extending or shortening the telescopic part. Therefore, when the axial force applied to the cutter disc is too large, the telescopic part can be shortened to make the cutter disc move away from the cutting surface to avoid the probability of failure due to excessive axial force, thus solving the problem that the small cutter disc is prone to failure. The position of the small cutter disc is adjusted to avoid excessive axial force applied to the small cutter disc, reducing the probability of failure of the small cutter disc, improving construction efficiency, and ensuring construction progress.

[0014] A further improvement of the small cutter disc structure of the rectangular shield-like machine of the present invention is that it also includes a sealing plate fixed to the end of the fixing sleeve close to the cutter disc and sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the sealing plate covers the connection seam between the shell and the fixing sleeve.

[0015] A further improvement of the small cutter disc structure of the rectangular shield of the present invention is that it also includes a clamping block formed at the end of the housing close to the cutter disc and a clamping groove corresponding to the clamping block and opened on the sealing plate, wherein the clamping block is clamped in the clamping groove;

[0016] The length of the telescopic member is adjusted to drive the housing to move back and forth along the fixing sleeve, so that the clamping block moves back and forth along the clamping slot.

[0017] A further improvement of the small cutter head structure of the rectangular shield-like machine of the present invention is that the length of the overlapping portion between the clamping block and the clamping slot is greater than the telescopic amount of the telescopic member.

[0018] A further improvement of the small cutter disc structure of the rectangular shield of the present invention is that it also includes an L-shaped groove formed at the end of the fixed sleeve close to the cutter disc and close to the shell, and a convex strip corresponding to the L-shaped groove and formed on the sealing plate. The convex strip is clamped in the L-shaped groove, so that the connecting seam between the fixed sleeve and the sealing plate is non-linear.

[0019] A further improvement of the small cutterhead structure of the rectangular shield-like machine of the present invention is that it also includes a first inlet opened at the end of the fixed sleeve away from the cutterhead, a first outlet opened at the inner wall of the fixed sleeve near the sealing plate and opposite to the outer wall of the shell, and a first connecting channel formed in the side wall of the fixed sleeve and connecting the first inlet and the first outlet;

[0020] Grease is injected into the first communicating channel through the first inlet, so that the grease flows from the first outlet to the connection between the sealing plate, the fixing sleeve and the housing.

[0021] A further improvement of the small cutter head structure of the rectangular shield of the present invention is that it also includes a protective sleeve fixedly mounted on the shell and a plurality of grooves opened on the surface of the protective sleeve, wherein grease is placed in the grooves to lubricate the contact surface between the protective sleeve and the fixed sleeve.

[0022] A further improvement of the small cutterhead structure of the rectangular shield of the present invention is that it also includes a second inlet opened at the end of the fixed sleeve away from the cutterhead, a second outlet opened on the inner wall of the fixed sleeve and arranged corresponding to the groove, and a second connecting channel formed in the side wall of the fixed sleeve and connecting the second inlet and the second outlet;

[0023] Grease is injected into the second connecting channel through the second inlet, so that the grease flows into the groove from the second outlet.

[0024] A further improvement of the small cutter disc structure of the rectangular shield-like machine of the present invention is that it also includes a first sealing strip arranged on the outer wall of the shell and located on the side of the protective sleeve close to the cutter disc, and a second sealing strip arranged on the outer wall of the shell and located on the side of the protective sleeve away from the cutter disc.

[0025] The present invention also provides a construction method of a small cutterhead structure of a quasi-rectangular shield, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Provide a small cutter head structure, fix the fixed sleeve to the shield, and fix the telescopic member to the inner wall of the shield;

[0027] The telescopic member is extended or shortened to drive the housing to move back and forth along the fixed sleeve, so that the cutter head moves toward or away from the cutting surface of the shield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a side sectional view of the small cutter head structure of the rectangular shield-like machine tool of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a front view of the small cutter head structure of the rectangular shield-like machine tool of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] The present invention adopts a small cutter disc structure similar to a rectangular shield, and drives the housing to move along the fixed sleeve toward or away from the cutting surface by extending or shortening the telescopic part, so that when the axial force on the cutter disc is too large, the telescopic part can be shortened, so that the cutter disc moves away from the cutting surface to avoid the probability of failure due to excessive axial force, solves the problem that the small cutter disc is prone to failure, adjusts the position of the small cutter disc to avoid excessive axial force on the small cutter disc, reduces the probability of failure of the small cutter disc, improves construction efficiency, and ensures construction progress. The small cutter disc structure of the rectangular shield of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a side sectional view of the small cutter head structure of the rectangular shield of the present invention. Figure 1 , the small cutter head structure of the rectangular shield of the present invention is explained.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the small cutter disc structure of the rectangular shield of the present invention is installed on the inner wall of the shield, and the small cutter disc structure includes:

[0036] A fixing sleeve 11 for fixing and installing in the shield;

[0037] A shell 12 is inserted through the fixing sleeve 11 and is hollow inside to form an accommodation space. The end of the shell 12 away from the cutting surface of the shield extends out of the fixing sleeve 11;

[0038] A telescopic member 13 with adjustable length and one end thereof fixed to the inner wall of the shield, and the other end of the telescopic member 13 is fixedly connected to the extended end of the housing 12;

[0039] A rotating shaft 16 is installed in the housing 12 and protrudes out of the accommodating space at the end close to the cutting surface;

[0040] A motor 17 installed in the accommodating space and drivingly connected to the rotating shaft 16; and

[0041] The cutter disc mounted on the protruding end of the rotating shaft 16 drives the housing 12 to move back and forth along the fixed sleeve 11 by adjusting the length of the telescopic member 13, so that the cutter disc moves toward or away from the cutting surface.

[0042] Preferably, the telescopic member 13 is an oil cylinder, and the fixing sleeve 11 is in a rhombus shape. The telescopic member 13 is arranged on the longer diagonal line of the rhombus, and two telescopic members 13 are arranged.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the housing 12 further includes a sealing plate 14 fixed to the end of the fixing sleeve 11 close to the cutter disc and sleeved on the rotating shaft 16 , and the sealing plate 14 covers the connection seam between the housing 12 and the fixing sleeve 11 .

[0044] Specifically, it also includes a block 123 formed at the end of the housing 12 close to the cutter disc and a slot 141 corresponding to the block 123 and opened on the sealing plate 14, and the block 123 is locked in the slot 141;

[0045] By adjusting the length of the telescopic member 13 , the housing 12 is driven to move back and forth along the fixing sleeve 11 , so that the clamping block 123 moves back and forth along the clamping slot 141 .

[0046] Preferably, the length of the overlapping portion between the block 123 and the slot 141 is greater than the telescopic amount of the telescopic member 13 , thereby preventing external sand and gravel from entering the housing 12 , and the block 123 can block the sand and gravel.

[0047] Specifically, it also includes an L-shaped groove formed at the end of the fixing sleeve 11 close to the cutter disc and close to the shell 12, and a convex strip 142 corresponding to the L-shaped groove and formed on the sealing plate 14. The convex strip 142 is clamped in the L-shaped groove, so that the connection seam between the fixing sleeve 11 and the sealing plate 14 is non-linear.

[0048] Furthermore, it also includes a first inlet opened at the end of the fixing sleeve 11 away from the cutter disc, a first outlet opened at the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 11 near the sealing plate 14 and opposite to the outer wall of the housing 12, and a first connecting channel 111 formed in the side wall of the fixing sleeve 11 and connecting the first inlet and the first outlet;

[0049] Grease is injected into the first communication channel 111 through the first inlet, so that the grease flows from the first outlet to the connection between the sealing plate 14 , the fixing sleeve 11 and the housing 12 .

[0050] Preferably, HBW grease can be injected into the connection between the sealing plate 14, the fixing sleeve 11 and the housing 12 through the first connecting channel 111, so as to squeeze out particles in the gap between the sealing plate 14 and the housing 12, thereby further enhancing the sealing effect.

[0051] Furthermore, the fixing sleeve 11 includes a protective sleeve 15 disposed on the housing 12 and a plurality of grooves 151 opened on the surface of the protective sleeve 15 . Grease is placed in the grooves 151 to lubricate the contact surface between the protective sleeve and the fixing sleeve 11 .

[0052] Specifically, it also includes a second inlet opened at the end of the fixing sleeve 11 away from the cutter disc, a second outlet opened at the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 11 and arranged corresponding to the groove 151, and a second connecting channel 112 formed in the side wall of the fixing sleeve and connecting the second inlet and the second outlet;

[0053] Grease is injected into the second communication channel 112 through the second inlet, so that the grease flows from the second outlet to the groove 151 , thereby reducing the friction force when the housing 12 slides along the fixing sleeve 11 .

[0054] Furthermore, it also includes a first sealing strip 121 arranged on the outer wall of the shell 12 and located on the side of the protective cover 15 close to the cutter disc, and a second sealing strip 122 arranged on the outer wall of the shell 12 and located on the side of the protective cover 15 away from the cutter disc. The first sealing strip 121 can prevent external cement mortar from entering the shell 12, and the second sealing strip 122 can prevent grease from flowing out.

[0055] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are as follows:

[0056] The motor 17 drives the rotating shaft 16 to rotate, thereby driving the cutter disc to rotate. During the cutting process, if the axial force is too large, the telescopic member 13 is controlled to contract, thereby driving the housing 12 to move away from the cutting surface along the fixed sleeve 11, and the cutter disc also moves away from the cutting surface;

[0057] At this time, the block 123 moves along the slot 141, and the block 123 can prevent external sand and gravel from entering the housing 12. Since the overlapping length of the block 123 and the slot 141 is greater than the telescopic amount of the telescopic member 13, part of the block 123 is always located in the slot 141, which can prevent sand and gravel from entering the housing 12.

[0058] HBW grease can be injected into the position between the sealing plate 14 and the fixing sleeve 11 through the first communication channel 111 to squeeze out the sand and gravel between the sealing plate 14 and the fixing sleeve 11;

[0059] Grease can be injected into the groove through the second communication channel 112 to reduce the friction between the protective cover 15 and the fixed cover 11. Three grooves 151 can be provided. By adjusting the length of the telescopic member 13, the second outlet of the second communication channel 112 is opposite to the corresponding groove 151, and grease is injected into the corresponding groove 151.

[0060] The telescopic member 13 can be controlled by an electrical control system. A pressure sensor can be used to monitor the pressure of the telescopic member 13 in real time, and the pressure exerted on the telescopic member 13 can be converted into an axial force exerted on the cutter disc. When the axial force exceeds a set threshold, the electrical control system controls the telescopic member 13 to contract and drive the cutter disc to retract, thereby preventing the cutter disc and driving structures such as the motor 17 from being subjected to excessive axial force.

[0061] The present invention also provides a construction method of a small cutterhead structure of a quasi-rectangular shield, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Provide a small cutter head structure, fix the fixing sleeve 11 to the shield, and fix the telescopic member 13 to the inner wall of the shield;

[0063] The telescopic member 13 is extended or shortened to drive the housing 12 to move back and forth along the fixed sleeve 11, so that the cutter head moves toward or away from the cutting surface of the shield.

[0064] The specific operation mode of the construction method provided by the present invention is actually implemented as follows:

[0065] The motor 17 drives the rotating shaft 16 to rotate, thereby driving the cutter disc to rotate. During the cutting process, if the axial force is too large, the telescopic member 13 is controlled to contract, thereby driving the housing 12 to move away from the cutting surface along the fixed sleeve 11, and the cutter disc also moves away from the cutting surface;

[0066] At this time, the block 123 moves along the slot 141, and the block 123 can prevent external sand and gravel from entering the housing 12. Since the overlapping length of the block 123 and the slot 141 is greater than the telescopic amount of the telescopic member 13, part of the block 123 is always located in the slot 141, which can prevent sand and gravel from entering the housing 12.

[0067] HBW grease can be injected into the position between the sealing plate 14 and the fixing sleeve 11 through the first communication channel 111 to squeeze out the sand and gravel between the sealing plate 14 and the fixing sleeve 11;

[0068] Grease can be injected into the groove through the second communication channel 112 to reduce the friction between the protective cover 15 and the fixed cover 11. Three grooves 151 can be provided. By adjusting the length of the telescopic member 13, the second outlet of the second communication channel 112 is opposite to the corresponding groove 151, and grease is injected into the corresponding groove 151.

[0069] The telescopic member 13 can be controlled by an electrical control system. A pressure sensor can be used to monitor the pressure of the telescopic member 13 in real time, and the pressure exerted on the telescopic member 13 can be converted into an axial force exerted on the cutter disc. When the axial force exceeds a set threshold, the electrical control system controls the telescopic member 13 to contract and drive the cutter disc to retract, thereby preventing the cutter disc and driving structures such as the motor 17 from being subjected to excessive axial force.

[0070] The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments of the accompanying drawings. A person skilled in the art can make various variations of the present invention according to the above description. Therefore, certain details in the embodiments should not constitute a limitation of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention shall be defined by the scope of the attached claims.

Claims

1. A small cutterhead structure similar to a rectangular shield, installed on the inner wall of the shield, characterized in that: The small knife disc structure comprises: A fixed sleeve fixedly installed in the shield; A shell body which is inserted through the fixing sleeve and is hollow inside to form an accommodation space, wherein an end of the shell body which is away from the cutting surface of the shield extends out of the fixing sleeve; A telescopic member with adjustable length and one end fixed to the inner wall of the shield, the other end of the telescopic member being fixedly connected to the extended end of the shell; A rotating shaft installed in the housing and protruding out of the accommodating space at an end portion close to the cutting surface; A motor installed in the accommodating space and drivingly connected to the rotating shaft; and The cutter disc mounted on the protruding end of the rotating shaft drives the housing to move back and forth along the fixed sleeve by adjusting the length of the telescopic member, so that the cutter disc moves toward or away from the cutting surface; It also includes a sealing plate fixed to the end of the fixing sleeve close to the cutter disc and sleeved on the rotating shaft, wherein the sealing plate covers the connection seam between the housing and the fixing sleeve; It also includes a first inlet opened at the end of the fixed sleeve away from the cutter disc, a first outlet opened at the inner wall of the fixed sleeve near the sealing plate and opposite to the outer wall of the shell, and a first connecting channel formed in the side wall of the fixed sleeve and connecting the first inlet and the first outlet.

2. The small cutter head structure of the rectangular shield according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a clamping block formed at the end of the housing close to the cutter disc and a clamping groove corresponding to the clamping block and opened on the sealing plate, wherein the clamping block is clamped in the clamping groove; The housing is driven to move back and forth along the fixing sleeve by adjusting the length of the telescopic member, so that the clamping block moves back and forth along the clamping slot.

3. The small cutter head structure of the rectangular shield according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The length of the overlapping portion between the clamping block and the clamping slot is greater than the telescopic amount of the telescopic member.

4. The small cutterhead structure of the rectangular shield according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an L-shaped groove formed at the end of the fixing sleeve close to the cutter disc and close to the shell, and a convex strip corresponding to the L-shaped groove and formed on the sealing plate. The convex strip is clamped in the L-shaped groove, so that the connection seam between the fixing sleeve and the sealing plate is non-linear.

5. The small cutterhead structure of the rectangular shield according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protective sleeve fixedly mounted on the housing and a plurality of grooves opened on the surface of the protective sleeve, wherein grease is placed in the grooves to lubricate the contact surface between the protective sleeve and the fixed sleeve.

6. The small cutterhead structure of the rectangular shield according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a second inlet opened at the end of the fixing sleeve away from the cutter disc, a second outlet opened at the inner wall of the fixing sleeve and arranged corresponding to the groove, and a second connecting channel formed in the side wall of the fixing sleeve and connecting the second inlet and the second outlet; Grease is injected into the second connecting channel through the second inlet, so that the grease flows from the second outlet into the groove.

7. The small cutter head structure of the rectangular shield according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a first sealing strip arranged on the outer wall of the shell and located on the side of the protective sleeve close to the cutter disc, and a second sealing strip arranged on the outer wall of the shell and located on the side of the protective sleeve away from the cutter disc.

8. A construction method for a small cutterhead structure of a rectangular shield-like machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Provide the knife disc structure, fix the fixing sleeve to the shield, and fix the telescopic member to the inner wall of the shield; The telescopic member is extended or shortened to drive the housing to move back and forth along the fixed sleeve, so that the cutter head moves toward or away from the cutting surface of the shield.

Images