Method for determination of keratin content of sorghum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of food component determination, and proposes a method for determining the horny rate of sorghum, comprising the following steps: removing the germ of sorghum grains, and the remaining part is the sample to be tested; weighing the mass of a single sample to be tested, which is recorded as m1; placing the lower end of the single sample to be tested at the upper end opening of a test tube; irradiating the sample to be tested with light emitted by a light source; cleaning the powder layer of the sample to be tested layer by layer from top to bottom, and when a spectrum detector located above the test tube detects that light is transmitted through the cleaned part of the sample to be tested, the cleaning of the light-transmitting part is stopped, and the powder layers of other non-light-transmitting parts are cleaned; when all the powder layers on the sample to be tested are cleaned, weighing the mass of the remaining part of the sample to be tested, which is recorded as m2; and dividing the mass of the remaining part of the sample to be tested by the mass of the single sample to be tested to obtain the horny rate a, that is, a=m2 / m1*100%. The invention solves the problem that the accuracy of the horny rate measurement result in the related art needs to be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of food component determination, and in particular to a method for determining sorghum keratin content. Background Art

[0002] Sorghum likes warmth, is drought-resistant and waterlogged-resistant, and can be divided into edible sorghum, sugar sorghum, broom sorghum, etc. according to its properties and uses. It is widely cultivated in my country, and edible sorghum grains are used for food and winemaking. Sorghum grains include a cuticle and a powdery layer. The cuticle can enhance the hardness of the grain and protect the grain from mechanical damage during harvesting and transportation. The powdery layer is fragile and easily affected by diseases and insect pests, so the amount of the cuticle content is an important indicator affecting the quality of sorghum.

[0003] The amount of cuticle content is generally reflected by the cuticle rate. The current method of determining the cuticle rate is to remove the germ of the sorghum kernel, then cut the remaining sorghum kernel longitudinally, and measure the percentage of the cuticle area on the longitudinal section to the total area of ​​the longitudinal section. When the longitudinal section position changes, the measured cuticle rate will also change accordingly, so the accuracy of the measurement results needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a method for measuring the keratin content of sorghum, which solves the problem that the accuracy of the keratin content measurement result in the related art needs to be improved.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: The method for determining the horny rate of sorghum mainly comprises the following steps:

[0006] A. Remove the germ of sorghum grains, and the remaining part is the sample to be tested;

[0007] B. Weigh the mass of a single sample to be tested, recorded as m1;

[0008] C. Place the lower end of a single sample to be tested into the upper opening of the test tube, so that the powdery layer of the sample to be tested is located above the stratum corneum and the powdery layer is located entirely above the test tube;

[0009] D. The light source inside the test tube emits light onto the sample to be tested;

[0010] E. Clean the powdery layer of the sample to be tested layer by layer from top to bottom. When the spectrum detector located above the test tube detects that light is transmitted through the cleaned part of the sample to be tested, stop cleaning the light-transmitting part and then clean the powdery layer of other opaque parts;

[0011] F. When all the powdery layers on the sample to be tested are cleaned off, weigh the mass of the remaining part of the sample to be tested, recorded as m2;

[0012] G. Divide the mass of the remaining part of the sample to be tested by the mass of a single sample to be tested to obtain the keratin rate a, that is, a=m2 / m1*100%.

[0013] In step E, after stopping cleaning the light-transmitting area, first paint the light-transmitting area with color as a mark, and then clean the powdery layer in other opaque areas.

[0014] The device used in the method includes a test cylinder arranged above a workbench, a light source arranged inside the test cylinder, and a spectrum detector arranged above the test cylinder. The emission end of the light source faces upward, and the test cylinder and the workbench are detachably connected.

[0015] A reflector is arranged between the test tube and the spectrum detector. The spectrum detector is located above the test tube and on one side of the test tube. The reflector is located directly above the test tube and the angle β between the reflector and the horizontal plane is 45°. The reflective surface of the reflector faces the spectrum detector.

[0016] An elastic pad is mounted on the upper end of the test tube, and the elastic pad and the test tube are detachably connected.

[0017] A screw hole is opened on the outer wall of the test tube, and a locking bolt is added. The screw rod of the locking bolt passes through the through hole opened on the elastic pad and is threadedly connected with the screw hole on the test tube.

[0018] A positioning ring coaxially arranged therewith is arranged on the periphery of the test cylinder, a group of telescopic rods are arranged between the positioning ring and the workbench, the lower ends of the telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the workbench, the upper ends of the telescopic rods are inserted into the annular grooves provided on the lower end surface of the positioning ring to form a sliding fit, a waste box is fixed on the inner side of the positioning ring, a material receiving hopper is connected to the feed port of the waste box, and the material receiving hopper is inclined toward the upper end of the side plate of the test cylinder and toward the direction of the test cylinder.

[0019] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the germ of sorghum grains is removed, and the remaining part is the sample to be tested, the mass of a single sample to be tested is weighed and recorded as m1, the lower end of the single sample to be tested is placed at the upper end opening of a testing tube, so that the powdery layer of the sample to be tested is located above the cuticle and the powdery layer is entirely located above the testing tube, the light source inside the testing tube is turned on, and the light emitted by the light source is irradiated on the sample to be tested, because the cuticle of the sorghum grain is light-transmissive and the powdery layer is not light-transmissive, so initially, the existence of the powdery layer makes it impossible for the light emitted by the light source to pass through the sample to be tested to reach the spectrum detector. Then clean the powdery layer of the sample to be tested layer by layer from top to bottom. When the spectrum detector located above the test tube detects that light is transmitted through the cleaned part of the sample to be tested, it means that the powdery layer here is completely removed and only the stratum corneum is left. Stop cleaning this light-transmitting part and then clean the powdery layer in other opaque parts. When the powdery layer on the sample to be tested is completely cleaned, weigh the mass of the remaining part of the sample to be tested, recorded as m2. The stratum corneum rate a can be obtained by dividing the mass of the remaining part of the sample to be tested by the mass of a single sample to be tested, that is, a=m2 / m1*100%.

[0020] The measuring method of the present invention is simple and convenient to operate, and can avoid measuring errors caused by different longitudinal cutting positions, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of the measuring results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the equipment used in the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. sample to be tested, 2. test tube, 3. light source, 4. spectrum detector, 5. workbench, 6. reflector, 7. elastic pad, 8. positioning ring, 9. telescopic rod, 10. waste box, 11. receiving hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the method for determining the keratin content of sorghum comprises the following steps:

[0026] A. Remove the germ of sorghum grains, and the remaining part is the sample 1 to be tested;

[0027] B. Weigh the mass of a single sample 1 to be tested, recorded as m1;

[0028] C. Place the lower end of a single sample 1 to be tested into the upper opening of the test tube 2, so that the powdery layer of the sample to be tested is located above the stratum corneum and the powdery layer is located entirely above the test tube 2. Figure 1 As shown;

[0029] D. The light source 3 inside the test tube 2 emits light onto the sample 1 to be tested;

[0030] E. Clean the powdery layer of the sample 1 from top to bottom layer by layer. When the spectrum detector 4 located above the test tube 2 detects that light is transmitted through the cleaned part of the sample 1, stop cleaning the light-transmitting part, first paint the light-transmitting part with color as a mark, and then clean the powdery layer of other opaque parts; painting with color means that the powdery layer at the part has been completely removed, leaving only the stratum corneum, avoiding repeated cleaning and affecting the accuracy of the measurement result. In addition, when light is transmitted, more or less part of the stratum corneum will have been cleaned, and the painted color can make up for the quality of the cleaned stratum corneum, which can further improve the accuracy of the measurement result; the powdery layer can be cleaned by scraping with a blade or grinding with a hard block;

[0031] F. When all the powdery layers on the sample 1 to be tested are cleaned off, weigh the mass of the remaining part of the sample to be tested, recorded as m2;

[0032] G. Divide the mass of the remaining part of the sample 1 to be tested by the mass of the single sample 1 to be tested to obtain the keratin rate a, that is, a=m2 / m1*100%.

[0033] The equipment used in the method for measuring the hornyness of sorghum includes a test tube 2 arranged above a workbench 5, a light source 3 arranged inside the test tube 2, and a spectrum detector 4 arranged above the test tube 2. The emission end of the light source 3 faces upward, and the test tube 2 and the workbench 5 are detachably connected. Figure 1 As shown, the light source 3 is located above the workbench 5 and inside the test cylinder 2 , and the test cylinder 2 and the workbench 5 can be separated as needed to facilitate maintenance of the light source 3 .

[0034] As a further improvement of the present invention, a reflector 6 is provided between the test tube 2 and the spectrum detector 4. The spectrum detector 4 is located above the test tube 2 and on one side of the test tube 2. The reflector 6 is located directly above the test tube 2 and the angle β between the reflector 6 and the horizontal plane is 45°. The reflective surface of the reflector 6 faces the spectrum detector 4. Figure 1 As shown, the light emitted by the light source 3 passes through the stratum corneum and irradiates the reflector 6. Then, the light passes through the reflector 6 and reaches the spectrum detector 4, so that the spectrum detector 4 can be directly facing the operator, so that the detection result of the spectrum detector 4 can be conveniently checked.

[0035] As a further improvement of the present invention, an elastic pad 7 is mounted at the upper end of the test tube 2, and the elastic pad 7 is detachably connected to the test tube 2. The size of sorghum grains may vary slightly, and the elastic performance of the elastic pad 7 can better meet the positioning requirements of sorghum grains of different sizes, and the elastic pad 7 and the sorghum grains are in soft contact, which can prevent the sorghum grains from being worn, and further improve the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0036] As a further improvement of the present invention, a screw hole is provided on the outer wall of the test tube 2, and a locking bolt is added. The screw of the locking bolt passes through the through hole provided on the elastic pad and is threadedly connected with the screw hole on the test tube 2. The elastic pad 7 and the test tube 2 are fixed together by the locking bolt, which can prevent the elastic pad 7 from slipping off the test tube 2, and the connection is more firm and reliable. Moreover, when the deformation capacity of the elastic pad 7 becomes smaller and cannot meet the use requirements, the locking bolt can be removed and replaced with a new elastic pad 7. The structure is simple, and the disassembly and assembly are convenient and quick, saving time and effort.

[0037] As a further improvement of the present invention, a positioning ring 8 coaxially arranged therewith is arranged on the periphery of the test cylinder 2, and a group of telescopic rods 9 are arranged between the positioning ring 8 and the workbench 5. The lower end of the telescopic rod 9 is fixedly connected to the workbench 5, and the upper end of the telescopic rod 9 is plugged into the annular groove opened on the lower end surface of the positioning ring 8 to form a sliding fit. A waste box 10 is fixed on the inner side of the positioning ring 8, and a material receiving hopper 11 is connected to the feed port of the waste box 10, and the material receiving hopper 11 is inclined toward the upper end of the side plate of the test cylinder 2 toward the direction of the test cylinder 2.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the telescopic rod 9 is fixed on the workbench 5, and the upper end of the telescopic rod 9 is inserted into the annular groove provided on the lower end surface of the positioning ring 8. The length of the telescopic rod 9 decreases as the height of the powder layer decreases. In the process of cleaning the powder layer, the positioning ring 8 can be rotated to change the positions of the receiving hopper 11 and the waste box 10, so that the cleaned powder can fall into the waste box 10 through the receiving hopper 11, which can prevent the powder from falling everywhere, making the surrounding environment cleaner and tidier, and the structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0039] The method of the present invention does not involve the longitudinal cutting of sorghum grains, thus avoiding measurement errors caused by different longitudinal cutting positions, and is simple and convenient to operate, which can greatly improve the accuracy of the measurement results. In addition, in the process of cleaning the powder layer, the cleaned powder can be collected in the waste bin 10 in time through the receiving hopper 11, and the overall environment is clean and tidy.

Claims

1. A method for determining sorghum keratin content, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. Remove the germ from the sorghum kernels, and the remaining part is the sample to be tested (1); B. Weigh the mass of a single sample (1) to be tested, denoted as m1; C. placing the lower end of a single sample to be tested (1) into the upper opening of the test tube (2) so that the powdery layer of the sample to be tested is located above the stratum corneum and the powdery layer is entirely located above the test tube (2); D. The light source (3) inside the test tube (2) emits light onto the sample to be tested (1); E. Cleaning the powdery layer of the sample to be tested (1) layer by layer from top to bottom. When the spectrum detector (4) located above the test tube (2) detects that light is transmitted through the cleaned part of the sample to be tested (1), the cleaning of the light-transmitting part is stopped, and the powdery layer of other light-impermeable parts is cleaned; F. When the powdery layer on the sample (1) is completely cleaned off, weigh the mass of the remaining portion of the sample, recorded as m2; G. Divide the mass of the remaining part of the sample (1) by the mass of the single sample (1) to obtain the keratinization rate a, that is, a=m2 / m1*100%; In step E, after stopping cleaning the light-transmitting area, first paint the light-transmitting area with color as a mark, and then clean the powdery layer in other opaque areas.

2. The method for measuring sorghum keratin content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device used in the method comprises a test cylinder (2) arranged above a workbench (5), a light source (3) arranged inside the test cylinder (2), and a spectrum detector (4) arranged above the test cylinder (2); the emission end of the light source (3) faces upward, and the test cylinder (2) and the workbench (5) are detachably connected.

3. The method for measuring sorghum keratin content according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reflector (6) is arranged between the test tube (2) and the spectrum detector (4); the spectrum detector (4) is located above the test tube (2) and on one side of the test tube (2); the reflector (6) is located directly above the test tube (2) and the angle β between the reflector (6) and the horizontal plane is 45°; the reflective surface of the reflector (6) faces the spectrum detector (4).

4. The method for measuring sorghum keratin content according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic pad (7) is mounted on the upper end of the test tube (2), and the elastic pad (7) and the test tube (2) are detachably connected.

5. The method for measuring sorghum keratin content according to claim 4, characterized in that: A screw hole is provided on the outer wall of the test tube (2), and a locking bolt is added. The screw rod of the locking bolt passes through the through hole provided on the elastic pad and is threadedly connected with the screw hole on the test tube (2).

6. The method for measuring sorghum keratin content according to claim 2, characterized in that: A positioning ring (8) is arranged coaxially with the test tube (2) on the periphery thereof, and a group of telescopic rods (9) are arranged between the positioning ring (8) and the workbench (5). The lower end of the telescopic rod (9) is fixedly connected to the workbench (5), and the upper end of the telescopic rod (9) is plugged into an annular groove provided on the lower end surface of the positioning ring (8) to form a sliding fit. A waste box (10) is fixed on the inner side of the positioning ring (8), and a receiving hopper (11) is connected to the feed port of the waste box (10). The receiving hopper (11) is inclined toward the upper end of the side plate of the test tube (2) and in the direction of the test tube (2).

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