Deformation test bench and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a deformation test bench and a test method thereof. The deformation test bench comprises a machine base, a rotation drive assembly, a rotation drive assembly, a second load module and a control device. The rotation drive assembly is installed on the machine base and comprises a drive shaft, which is drivingly connected to the shaft portion. The first load module is installed on the machine base and comprises a bearing portion and a first pressure sensor. The bearing portion supports the wheel portion, and the first pressure sensor collects the contact force acting on the wheel portion. The second load module is installed on the machine base and comprises a clamping portion and a second pressure sensor. The clamping portion clamps the shaft portion, and the second pressure sensor collects the pressure acting on the shaft portion. The control device is electrically connected to the rotation drive assembly, the first load module and the second load module. When the deformation test bench is working, the contact force acting on the wheel portion and the pressure acting on the shaft portion are adjusted to complete a train wheel axle simulation experiment. The test is intelligent, reduces test time, and does not require a large amount of manpower and resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of deformation testing of train axles, and in particular to a deformation testing bench and a testing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Train axles are subject to safety inspection. Newly developed train axles cannot be used directly but need to go through a series of tests. The existing tests are time-consuming and require a lot of manpower and resource investment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a deformation test bench and a testing method thereof, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art that the deformation test of a train axle is time-consuming and requires a large amount of manpower and resource investment.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a deformation test bench for deformation testing of a train axle, wherein the train axle comprises a wheel portion and an axle portion, and the deformation test bench comprises:

[0005] Machine base;

[0006] A rotation drive assembly is mounted on the machine base, comprising a drive shaft rotatably mounted along an axis arranged in a left-right direction, the drive shaft being used for driving connection with the shaft portion;

[0007] A first load module, mounted on the machine base, comprising a bearing portion and a first pressure sensor, wherein the bearing portion is used to support the wheel portion, and the first pressure sensor is used to collect a contact force acting on the wheel portion;

[0008] A second load module is installed on the machine base, comprising a pressing portion and a second pressure sensor, wherein the pressing portion is used to press the shaft portion, and the second pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure acting on the shaft portion; and

[0009] A control device is electrically connected to the rotation drive assembly, the first load module and the second load module.

[0010] Optionally, the rotation drive assembly includes a drive motor, the drive motor is slidably mounted on the base in a left-right direction, and the drive motor includes the drive shaft; and / or,

[0011] The deformation test bench further comprises a laser sensor electrically connected to the control device, the laser sensor being mounted on the machine base and used for detecting the radial runout of the wheel portion; and / or,

[0012] The deformation test bench further comprises an infrared temperature sensor electrically connected to the control device, the infrared temperature sensor being mounted on the base and used to detect the temperature at the contact point between the wheel portion and the bearing portion; and / or,

[0013] The deformation test bench further comprises a speed sensor electrically connected to the control device, wherein the speed sensor is mounted on the machine base and is used to detect the rotation speed of the drive shaft; and / or,

[0014] The deformation test bench further comprises a temperature regulating component electrically connected to the control device, the temperature regulating component being mounted on the machine base and used for regulating the temperature at the contact point between the wheel portion and the bearing portion; and / or,

[0015] The first load module also includes a first movable part and a first driving component. The first movable part is arranged above the machine base and has a movable stroke close to or away from the machine base. The upper end surface of the first movable part is used for the installation of the bearing part. The first driving component is installed on the machine base and includes a first driving end. The first driving end has a movable stroke in the up and down direction and is drivingly connected to the first movable part, wherein the first pressure sensor is arranged at the connection between the first driving end and the first movable part.

[0016] Optionally, a first guide structure is further provided between the first movable part and the base, the first guide structure comprising a first guide column extending in an up-down direction and a first guide hole matched with the first guide column, the first guide column is provided on the first movable part, and the first guide hole is provided on the base; and / or

[0017] The first driving component includes an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or a linear motor.

[0018] Optionally, the machine base includes a connecting portion extending in the up-down direction and a mounting portion provided on a side wall of an upper end of the connecting portion, and a lower end of the connecting portion is mounted on the machine base;

[0019] The second load module comprises:

[0020] a second movable portion, the second movable portion being disposed below the mounting portion and used for mounting the pressing portion, the second movable portion having a movable stroke close to or away from the mounting portion; and

[0021] A second driving assembly is mounted on the mounting portion, comprising a second driving end, wherein the second driving end has a movable stroke in an up-and-down direction and is drivingly connected to the second movable portion;

[0022] Wherein, the second pressure sensor is arranged at the connection between the second driving end and the second movable part.

[0023] Optionally, a second guide structure is provided between the second movable portion and the mounting portion, the second guide structure comprising a second guide column extending in an up-down direction and a second guide hole matched with the second guide column, the second guide column is provided at the second movable portion, and the second guide hole is provided at the mounting portion; and / or,

[0024] The second driving component includes an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or a linear motor.

[0025] Optionally, the second movable part includes:

[0026] The first movable plate is drivingly connected to the second driving end, and the first movable plate is provided with a plurality of through holes in the vertical direction.

[0027] A second movable plate is disposed below the first movable plate, the pressing portion is installed on the lower end surface of the second movable plate, a plurality of connecting rods are extended upwardly from the upper end surface of the second movable plate, and the plurality of connecting rods are respectively and movably inserted into the plurality of through holes; and,

[0028] A plurality of springs are arranged between the first movable plate and the second movable plate, and are respectively and correspondingly sleeved on the plurality of connecting rods.

[0029] Optionally, the pressing portion includes:

[0030] A mounting seat is mounted on the lower end surface of the second movable plate, and a mounting groove is formed at the lower end of the mounting seat in the left-right direction; and

[0031] Two bearings are extended in the front-rear direction and spaced apart in the left-right direction. The two bearings are installed in the installation grooves to abut against the shaft.

[0032] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a testing method based on the above-mentioned deformation testing bench, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Obtain the actual classification information of the axle to be tested;

[0034] According to the actual classification information, query the mapping relationship to obtain a plurality of standard state parameters under the simulation experiment conditions;

[0035] The test bench is controlled according to the plurality of standard state parameters to perform a simulation experiment on the wheel axle to be tested.

[0036] Optionally, before the step of querying the mapping relationship to obtain a plurality of standard state parameters under the simulated experimental conditions according to the actual classification information, the step further includes:

[0037] Respectively obtain multiple actual state parameters of axles with different classification information during the movement of the train;

[0038] Processing the plurality of actual state parameters to obtain standard state parameters;

[0039] The classification information of the train axle and the corresponding standard state parameters are associated and stored as a mapping relationship.

[0040] Optionally, the standard state parameters include time and pressure, contact force and temperature corresponding to the time; and / or,

[0041] The step of controlling the test bench to perform a simulation experiment on the axle to be tested according to the multiple standard state parameters comprises:

[0042] Obtaining multiple actual state parameters of the axle to be tested;

[0043] Acquire compensation state parameters according to the plurality of actual state parameters and the corresponding plurality of standard state parameters;

[0044] The test bench is controlled according to the compensation state parameters to perform a simulation experiment on the wheel axle to be tested.

[0045] In the technical solution provided by the present invention, when it is necessary to perform a deformation test on a train axle, the shaft of the train axle is connected to the drive shaft of the rotation drive assembly, so that when the rotation drive assembly is working, the rotation of the drive shaft can drive the shaft of the train axle to rotate, the bearing portion of the first load module supports the wheel, and the pressing portion of the second load module presses the shaft, thereby simulating the working state of the train axle. Since the control device is electrically connected to the rotation drive assembly, the first load module and the second load module, when the deformation test bench starts working, the contact force of the wheel is collected by the first pressure sensor, and the pressure acting on the shaft is collected by the second pressure sensor. The collected contact force and pressure are fed back to the control device. By adjusting, the contact force acting on the wheel and the pressure acting on the shaft meet the contact force and pressure acting on the train axle during the actual driving process of the train, thereby completing the simulation experiment of the train axle, realizing intelligence, and the deformation test bench can simultaneously complete the pressure test and the contact force test, reducing the test time and without investing a lot of manpower and resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a deformation test bench provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main view of the medium deformation test bench;

[0049] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium deformation test bench without the protective cover;

[0050] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating drive assembly and the first load module;

[0051] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the middle section;

[0052] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of

[0053] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The structural intent of the second load module;

[0054] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the controller module of the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiment scheme;

[0055] Fig. 9 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a testing method for performing deformation testing on a train axle using a deformation testing bench provided by the present invention;

[0056] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the process after step 10;

[0057] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 Specific flow diagram of step 40 in FIG.

[0058] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0064] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0065] Train axles are subject to safety inspection. Newly developed train axles cannot be used directly but need to undergo a series of tests. The existing tests are time-consuming and require a large amount of manpower and resource investment.

[0066] The present invention provides a deformation test bench and a test method thereof. Figures 1 to 7 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a deformation testing platform provided by the present invention.

[0067] Reference Figures 1 to 3The train wheel axle 1000 includes a wheel portion 100 and a shaft portion 200. The deformation test bench 300 includes a base 1, a rotation drive assembly 2, a first load module 3, a second load module 4 and a control device. The rotation drive assembly 2 is installed on the base 1, including a drive shaft 21 rotatably installed along an axis arranged in the left and right directions, and the drive shaft 21 is used to drive and connect with the shaft portion 200. The first load module 3 is installed on the base 1, including a bearing portion 31 and a first pressure sensor 32. The bearing portion 31 is used to support the wheel portion 100. The first pressure sensor 32 is used to collect the contact force acting on the wheel portion 100. The second load module 4 is installed on the base 1, including a clamping portion 41 and a second pressure sensor 42. The clamping portion 41 is used to clamp the shaft portion 200. The second pressure sensor 42 is used to collect the pressure acting on the shaft portion 200. The control device is electrically connected to the rotation drive assembly 2, the first load module 3 and the second load module 4.

[0068] In the technical solution provided by the present invention, when it is necessary to perform a deformation test on the train axle 1000, the shaft 200 of the train axle 1000 is connected to the drive shaft 21 of the rotation drive assembly 2, so that when the rotation drive assembly 2 is working, the rotation of the drive shaft 21 can drive the shaft 200 of the train axle 1000 to rotate, the bearing part 31 of the first load module 3 supports the wheel part 100, and the pressing part 41 of the second load module 4 presses the shaft 200, thereby simulating the working state of the train axle 1000. Since the control device is electrically connected to the rotation drive assembly 2, the first load module 3 and the second load module 4, the deformation test bench 300 When starting work, the contact force of the wheel part 100 is collected by the first pressure sensor 32, and the pressure acting on the shaft part 200 is collected by the second pressure sensor 42. The collected contact force and pressure are fed back to the control device. The contact force acting on the wheel part 100 and the pressure acting on the shaft part 200 are adjusted to meet the contact force and pressure acting on the train axle 1000 during the actual driving of the train, thereby completing the simulation experiment of the train axle 1000 and realizing intelligence. The deformation test bench 300 can simultaneously complete the pressure test and the contact force test, reducing the test time and eliminating the need to invest a lot of manpower and resources.

[0069] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5The rotating drive assembly 2 includes a driving motor 22, and the driving motor 22 is installed on the base 1 along the left and right sliding direction. The driving motor 22 includes the driving shaft 21. With such an arrangement, the position of the driving motor 22 installed on the base 1 can be adjusted as needed, which is convenient for the installation of the train axle 1000 to be tested, and has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0070] Furthermore, there are many ways to achieve the sliding installation of the drive motor 22 on the base 1. For example, a sliding structure 5 is set between the drive motor 22 and the base 1. The sliding structure 5 includes a slide groove 51 and a sliding protrusion 52 adapted to the slide groove 51. One of the slide groove 51 and the sliding protrusion 52 is set on the base 1, and the other is set on the drive motor 22. The sliding installation between the drive motor 22 and the base 1 is achieved by adapting the slide groove 51 and the sliding protrusion 52, and the structure is simple.

[0071] It should be noted that the structure of the slide groove 51 can be U-shaped, V-shaped or square. Figure 4 In the present application, the slide groove 51 is preferably a dovetail groove structure, which ensures that the drive motor 22 slides smoothly, ensures the overall stability of the drive motor 22 during operation, and reduces the impact of vibration on equipment operation.

[0072] Specifically, refer to Figure 6 The deformation test bench 300 also includes a laser sensor 6 electrically connected to the control device. The laser sensor 6 is installed on the machine base 1. The laser sensor 6 detects the radial runout of the wheel 100, and can monitor the state of the train axle 1000 in time, so as to facilitate real-time adjustment of the deformation test bench 300, thereby accurately simulating the running state of the train and improving the test accuracy.

[0073] Specifically, refer to Figure 6 The deformation test bench 300 also includes an infrared temperature sensor 7 electrically connected to the control device. The infrared temperature sensor 7 is installed on the machine base 1. The infrared temperature sensor 7 detects the temperature at the contact point between the wheel part 100 and the bearing part 31, so as to timely monitor the state of the train axle 1000, facilitate real-time adjustment of the deformation test bench 300, thereby accurately simulating the running state of the train and improving the test accuracy.

[0074] Specifically, refer to Figure 5The deformation test bench 300 also includes a speed sensor 8 electrically connected to the control device. The speed sensor 8 is installed on the machine base 1. The speed of the drive shaft 21 is detected by the speed sensor 8, so that the state of the train axle 1000 can be monitored in time, which is convenient for real-time adjustment of the deformation test bench 300, thereby accurately simulating the running state of the train and improving the test accuracy.

[0075] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the laser sensor 6, the infrared temperature sensor 7 and the speed sensor 8 are all related to the prior art, and the specific testing principles are not described in detail in this application.

[0076] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The deformation test bench 300 also includes a temperature regulating component 9 electrically connected to the control device, and the temperature regulating component 9 is installed on the machine base 1. The temperature of the contact between the wheel part 100 and the bearing part 31 is adjusted by the temperature regulating component 9, so that during the simulation test, the temperature of the contact between the wheel part 100 and the bearing part 31 can be close to the temperature of the contact between the train wheel axle 1000 and the rail when the train is running, thereby improving the test accuracy.

[0077] Furthermore, there are many types of the temperature regulating component 9. For example, the temperature regulating component 9 may be a fan or a semiconductor refrigeration plate. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, the temperature regulating component 9 includes an air supply device and an air pipe 91 connected to the air supply device. The air supply device contains high-pressure gas. The air outlet end of the air pipe 91 is arranged corresponding to the contact point between the wheel part 100 and the bearing part 31. The air outlet end of the air pipe 91 is provided with a valve body. By controlling the opening of the valve body, air is blown toward the contact point between the wheel part 100 and the bearing part 31, thereby achieving cooling. The closing of the valve body is controlled to stop blowing.

[0078] It should be noted that the opening and closing of the valve body can be controlled manually or by the control device. When controlled by the control device, the valve body is electrically connected to the control device.

[0079] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5The first load module 3 also includes a first movable part 33 and a first driving assembly 34. The first movable part 33 is arranged above the base 1 and has a movable stroke close to or away from the base 1. The upper end surface of the first movable part 33 is used for the installation of the bearing part 31. The first driving assembly 34 is installed on the base 1, including a first driving end 341. The first driving end 341 has a movable stroke along the up and down direction and is drivingly connected to the first movable part 33. wherein, the first pressure sensor 32 is arranged at the connection between the first driving end 341 and the first movable part 33. in this way, when the first driving assembly 34 is working, when the first driving end 341 moves along the up and down direction, it will move the first movable part 33 along the up and down direction. since the upper end surface of the first movable part 33 is installed with the bearing part 31, the bearing part 31 will move along the up and down direction to achieve position adjustment, and can accurately support the wheel part 100, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0080] There are many types of the first drive component 34. For example, the first drive component 34 may include a ball screw, an electric push rod, a gear rack structure, an electric cylinder, a cylinder, or a linear motor. Since the ball screw, the electric push rod, the gear rack structure, the electric cylinder, the cylinder, or the linear motor are all prior arts, the specific driving principle is a known art, and the present application does not elaborate on it one by one. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the first drive component 34 is preferably an electric cylinder. Such a configuration has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Of course, in other embodiments, it can be selected as needed, and the present application does not limit this.

[0081] Further, refer to Figure 4 A first guide structure 10 is further provided between the first movable part 33 and the base 1, and the first guide structure 10 includes a first guide column 101 extending in the up-down direction and a first guide hole 102 matched with the first guide column 101, the first guide column 101 is provided on the first movable part 33, and the first guide hole 102 is provided on the base 1. With such a configuration, the first movable part 33 can move accurately in the up-down direction through the cooperation of the first guide column 101 and the first guide hole 102, thereby improving the accuracy of the deformation test bench 300 test.

[0082] Reference Figure 4The bearing portion 31 includes a mounting frame 311 and a rotating wheel 312 rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 311 along a left-right axis. The mounting frame 311 is mounted on the upper end surface of the first movable portion 33. The rotating wheel 312 corresponds to the wheel portion 100. When testing, the wheel portion 100 of the train axle 1000 is abutted against the rotating wheel 312. When the rotating drive assembly 2 drives the wheel portion 100 to rotate, the rotating wheel 312 will rotate synchronously with the wheel portion 100, thereby reducing the friction during the rotation of the wheel portion 100, and the effect is good.

[0083] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 The base 1 includes a connecting portion 11 extending in the vertical direction and a mounting portion 12 provided on the upper side wall of the connecting portion 11. The lower end of the connecting portion 11 is mounted on the base 1. The second load module 4 also includes a second movable portion 43 and a second drive assembly 44. The second movable portion 43 is provided below the mounting portion 12 for mounting the pressing portion 41. The second movable portion 43 has a movable stroke close to or away from the mounting portion 12. The second drive assembly 44 is mounted on the mounting portion 12 and includes a second drive end 441. The second drive end 441 has a movable stroke in the vertical direction. The second movable part 43 has a stroke and is driven and connected with the second movable part 43, wherein the second pressure sensor 42 is arranged at the connection between the second driving end 441 and the second movable part 43. With such arrangement, when the second driving component 44 is working, the second driving end 441 moves in the up and down directions, and will bring the second movable part 43 closer to or away from the mounting part 12. Since the second movable part 43 is equipped with the clamping part 41, the clamping part 41 will move closer to or away from the mounting part 12, thereby realizing the position adjustment, and can accurately clamp the shaft part 200, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0084] Further, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 A second guide structure 110 is arranged between the second movable part 43 and the mounting part 12, and the second guide structure 110 includes a second guide column 111 extending in the up-down direction and a second guide hole 112 adapted to the second guide column 111, the second guide column 111 is arranged on the second movable part 43, and the second guide hole 112 is arranged on the mounting part 12. In this way, through the cooperation of the second guide column 111 and the second guide hole 112, the second movable part 43 can move accurately in the up-down direction, thereby improving the accuracy of the deformation test bench 300 test.

[0085] There are many types of the second drive assembly 44. For example, the second drive assembly 44 may include a ball screw, an electric push rod, a gear rack structure, an electric cylinder, a cylinder, or a linear motor. Since the ball screw, the electric push rod, the gear rack structure, the electric cylinder, the cylinder, or the linear motor are all prior arts, the specific driving principle is a known art, and the present application does not elaborate on it one by one. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the second drive assembly 44 is preferably an electric cylinder. Such a configuration has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Of course, in other embodiments, it can be selected as needed, and the present application does not limit this.

[0086] Specifically, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The second movable part 43 includes a first movable plate 431, a second movable plate 432 and a plurality of springs 433. The first movable plate 431 is drivingly connected to the second driving end 441. The first movable plate 431 is penetrated with a plurality of through holes in the up-down direction. The second movable plate 432 is arranged below the first movable plate 431. The lower end surface of the second movable plate 432 is installed with the clamping part 41. The upper end surface of the second movable plate 432 is upwardly extended with a plurality of connecting rods 4321. The plurality of connecting rods 4321 are respectively and movably inserted into the plurality of through holes. The plurality of springs 433 are arranged between the first movable plate 431 and the second movable plate 432, and are respectively and correspondingly fitted on the plurality of connecting rods 4321. With such an arrangement, in the process of driving the clamping part 41 to clamp the shaft 200, due to the action of the spring 433, the pressure acts slowly on the shaft 200, thereby avoiding damage to the shaft 200 caused by excessive pressure.

[0087] Furthermore, the clamping portion 41 includes a mounting seat 411 and two bearings 412. The mounting seat 411 is installed on the lower end surface of the second movable plate 432. The lower end of the mounting seat 411 is provided with a mounting groove 4111 along the left-right direction. The two bearings 412 are extended along the front-to-back direction and are spaced apart along the left-to-right direction. The two bearings 412 are installed in the mounting groove 4111. When testing, the two bearings 412 are abutted against the shaft portion 200 to prevent the force acting on the shaft portion 200 from being offset due to tolerance problems during the downward pressing process of the clamping portion 41.

[0088] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the second load module 4 includes a double-layer guide design, a spring 433 is set at the front end connected to the wheel axle, and the rear thrust part is pushed by an electric cylinder and installed with a second pressure sensor 42. The pressure is slowly released on the shaft 200 through the spring 433, and the clamping part 41 includes two bearings 412. When clamping, the two bearings 412 are in contact with the shaft 200 to prevent the force acting on the shaft 200 from being offset due to tolerance problems during the downward pressing of the clamping part 41. During the operation of the test bench, the pressure acting on the shaft 200 is sensed by the second pressure sensor 42, and the electric cylinder adjusts the stroke compensation force load in real time. The measurement range of the second pressure sensor 42 is 0-20KN. Of course, in other embodiments, the measurement range of the second pressure sensor 42 can be selected as needed. Specifically, this application does not limit this.

[0089] Specifically, when the deformation test bench is conducting a simulation test, the wheel axle to be tested is manually installed on the tool handle chuck, and after adjusting the coaxiality, the tool handle chuck is installed on the drive shaft. After closing the protective door, the first load assembly 3 is lifted so that the bearing part 31 supports the wheel part 100 of the train wheel axle 1000 to be tested, and the clamping part 41 of the second load assembly 4 clamps the shaft part 200 of the train wheel axle 1000 to be tested. The first load assembly 3 and the second load assembly 4 are adjusted so that the corresponding pressure and contact force are adjusted to within the test requirement range. The deformation test bench 300 starts operating and testing according to standard state parameters. During operation, the control device adjusts the first load assembly 3 and the second load assembly 4 in real time according to the feedback data of the first pressure sensor 32 and the second pressure sensor 42. The infrared temperature sensor 7 detects the surface temperature of the contact part of the workpiece. The temperature adjustment assembly 9 operates according to the temperature change to control the contact surface temperature of the workpiece within the test requirement range. The operation is simple.

[0090] Reference Figure 1 In order to improve the safety of the simulation test, the deformation test bench 300 also includes a protective cover 120. The side of the protective cover 120 is provided with an opening 1201. The protective cover 120 is installed with a sliding door 1202 along the left and right sliding direction. The sliding door 1202 is used to close the opening 1201. When the test is required, after the train axle 1000 to be tested is connected to the drive shaft 21, the sliding door 1202 is pushed to close the opening 1201 to avoid danger during the simulation test. Three viewing windows 1203 are provided on the left and right sides and the rear side of the protective cover 120, and a lighting lamp is installed inside the protective cover 120 for the convenience of observation by the tester. The front panel is equipped with a touch panel for the convenience of control and adjustment by the tester.

[0091] It should be noted that the controller device includes a memory and a processor and a test program of the deformation test bench stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The controller module controls the operation of the rotation drive assembly 2, the first load module 3, the second load module 4, the laser sensor 6, the infrared temperature sensor 7, the speed sensor 8 and the temperature adjustment assembly 9 through the test program of the deformation test bench to accurately simulate the running state of the train and realize the deformation test of the train axle.

[0092] The controller module may include: a processor 1001, such as a CPU, a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. Among them, the communication bus 1002 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen (Display), an input unit such as a keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed RAM memory, or a stable memory (non-volatile memory), such as a disk memory. The memory 1005 may also be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001.

[0093] exist Figure 8 In the controller module shown, the processor 1001 calls the test program of the deformation test bench stored in the memory 1005, and performs the following operations:

[0094] Obtain the actual classification information of the axle to be tested;

[0095] According to the actual classification information, query the mapping relationship to obtain a plurality of standard state parameters under the simulation experiment conditions;

[0096] The test bench is controlled according to the plurality of standard state parameters to perform a simulation experiment on the wheel axle to be tested.

[0097] The processor 1001 calls the gearbox efficiency test system 100 test program stored in the memory 1005 and performs the following operations:

[0098] Before the step of querying the mapping relationship according to the actual classification information to obtain a plurality of standard state parameters under the simulation experiment conditions, the following step is further included:

[0099] Respectively obtain multiple actual state parameters of axles with different classification information during the movement of the train;

[0100] Processing the plurality of actual state parameters to obtain standard state parameters;

[0101] The classification information of the train axle and the corresponding standard state parameters are associated and stored as a mapping relationship.

[0102] The processor 1001 calls the gearbox efficiency test system 100 test program stored in the memory 1005 and performs the following operations:

[0103] The standard state parameters include time and pressure, contact force and temperature corresponding to time; and / or,

[0104] The step of controlling the test bench to perform a simulation experiment on the axle to be tested according to the multiple standard state parameters comprises:

[0105] Obtaining multiple actual state parameters of the axle to be tested;

[0106] Acquire compensation state parameters according to the plurality of actual state parameters and the corresponding plurality of standard state parameters;

[0107] The test bench is controlled according to the compensation state parameters to perform a simulation experiment on the wheel axle to be tested.

[0108] Based on the above hardware structure, the present invention proposes a testing method based on the above-mentioned deformation test bench. In the technical solution of the present invention, since multiple axles to be tested are classified during the test, the actual classification information of the axles to be tested is obtained, and according to the actual classification information, a mapping relationship is queried to obtain multiple standard state parameters under simulated experimental conditions, and the test bench is controlled according to the multiple standard state parameters to perform a simulation experiment on the axles to be tested, the number of tests is simplified, the test time is reduced, and a large amount of manpower and resources do not need to be invested.

[0109] Specifically, refer to Fig. 9 , the testing method of the deformation testing bench comprises the following steps:

[0110] Step S10, obtaining actual classification information of the axle to be tested;

[0111] It should be noted that in this step, due to the large number of train axles to be tested, the train axles to be tested are classified. The specific classification is based on the requirements such as axle size, working intensity, application scenarios, etc., to complete the classification of the train axles to be tested, so as to obtain the actual classification information of the axles to be tested, thereby simplifying the number of tests.

[0112] Step S30: querying a mapping relationship to obtain a plurality of standard state parameters under simulation experiment conditions according to the actual classification information;

[0113] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the standard state parameters include time and pressure, contact force and temperature that have a corresponding relationship with time. Of course, in other embodiments, the standard state parameters can be selected as needed, and the present application does not limit this.

[0114] Step S40: Controlling the test bench to perform a simulation experiment on the wheel axle to be tested according to the plurality of standard state parameters.

[0115] In the technical solution of the present invention, since multiple axles to be tested are classified during testing, actual classification information of the axles to be tested is obtained, and based on the actual classification information, a mapping relationship is queried to obtain multiple standard state parameters under simulated experimental conditions, and the test bench is controlled to perform a simulation experiment on the axles to be tested based on the multiple standard state parameters, the number of tests is simplified, the test time is reduced, and there is no need to invest a lot of manpower and resources.

[0116] Specifically, refer to Fig.10 Before the step S30 of querying the mapping relationship according to the actual classification information to obtain a plurality of standard state parameters under the simulation experiment conditions, the following steps are also included:

[0117] Step 201, respectively obtaining a plurality of actual state parameters of axles with different classification information during the movement of a train;

[0118] Step 202: Process the multiple actual state parameters to obtain standard state parameters;

[0119] Step 203: Associating the classification information of the train axle and the corresponding standard state parameters, and storing them as a mapping relationship.

[0120] In the above steps, after obtaining a plurality of the actual state parameters, the processing of the plurality of actual state parameters is first completed according to the time series and the median filtering anti-interference method. For example, when the actual state parameters include pressure value, contact force value and temperature value, if one of the pressure and contact force is abnormal data, all of them are not retained, and then the information such as time, pressure value, contact force value and temperature value are associated with the classification information of the train axle and stored as a mapping relationship. By respectively obtaining a plurality of actual state parameters of the axle with different classification information during the movement of the train, processing the plurality of actual state parameters to obtain the standard state parameters, associating the classification information of the train axle and the corresponding standard state parameters, and storing them as a mapping relationship, in this way, when it is necessary to test the axle to be tested, the classification information of the axle to be tested is judged, and after determining the classification information, the standard state parameters required to be provided when testing the axle to be tested can be directly determined through the mapping relationship, and the actual running working state of the train axle can be accurately simulated on the deformation test bench according to the standard state parameters.

[0121] Specifically, refer to Fig.11 The step S40 of controlling the test bench to perform a simulation experiment on the axle to be tested according to the plurality of standard state parameters comprises:

[0122] Step 401, obtaining multiple actual state parameters of the axle to be tested;

[0123] Step 402: obtaining compensation state parameters according to the plurality of actual state parameters and the corresponding plurality of standard state parameters;

[0124] Step 403: Control the test bench to perform a simulation experiment on the wheel axle to be tested according to the compensation state parameters.

[0125] In the above steps, a plurality of actual state parameters of the axle to be tested are obtained, and compensation state parameters are obtained according to the plurality of actual state parameters and the corresponding plurality of standard state parameters, and the test bench is controlled according to the compensation state parameters to perform simulation experiments on the axle to be tested. In this way, the simulation experiment is directly performed according to the compensation state parameters, and the operation is simple. For example, taking the temperature value as an example, the actual temperature value of the axle to be tested is obtained, and the temperature value to be compensated is obtained according to the actual temperature value and the corresponding standard temperature value (the compensation temperature value is the difference between the actual temperature value and the standard temperature value), and the temperature adjustment component is directly controlled to work according to the compensation temperature, which is simple to operate and easy to implement, and can accurately simulate the working state of the train axle in the actual working process, thereby improving the test accuracy.

[0126] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deformation test bench, used for deformation testing of a train axle, wherein the train axle comprises a wheel portion and an axle portion, characterized in that: The deformation test bench comprises: Machine base; A rotation drive assembly is mounted on the machine base, comprising a drive shaft rotatably mounted along an axis arranged in a left-right direction, the drive shaft being used for driving connection with the shaft portion; A first load module, mounted on the machine base, comprising a bearing portion and a first pressure sensor, wherein the bearing portion is used to support the wheel portion, and the first pressure sensor is used to collect a contact force acting on the wheel portion; A second load module is installed on the machine base, comprising a pressing portion and a second pressure sensor, wherein the pressing portion is used to press the shaft portion, and the second pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure acting on the shaft portion; and a control device electrically connected to the rotation drive assembly, the first load module and the second load module; The deformation test bench also includes a laser sensor electrically connected to the control device, and the laser sensor is installed on the machine base and is used to detect the radial runout of the wheel.

2. The deformation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation drive assembly includes a drive motor, the drive motor is slidably mounted on the base in the left-right direction, and the drive motor includes the drive shaft; and / or, The deformation test bench further comprises an infrared temperature sensor electrically connected to the control device, the infrared temperature sensor being mounted on the base and used to detect the temperature at the contact point between the wheel portion and the bearing portion; and / or, The deformation test bench also includes a speed sensor electrically connected to the control device, the speed sensor is installed on the machine base, and is used to detect the rotation speed of the drive shaft; and / or, The deformation test bench further comprises a temperature regulating component electrically connected to the control device, the temperature regulating component being mounted on the machine base and used for regulating the temperature at the contact point between the wheel portion and the bearing portion; and / or, The first load module also includes a first movable part and a first driving component. The first movable part is arranged above the machine base and has a movable stroke close to or away from the machine base. The upper end surface of the first movable part is used for the installation of the bearing part. The first driving component is installed on the machine base and includes a first driving end. The first driving end has a movable stroke in the up and down direction and is drivingly connected to the first movable part, wherein the first pressure sensor is arranged at the connection between the first driving end and the first movable part.

3. The deformation test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first guide structure is further provided between the first movable part and the base, the first guide structure comprising a first guide column extending in an up-down direction and a first guide hole matched with the first guide column, the first guide column being provided at the first movable part, and the first guide hole being provided at the base; and / or The first driving component includes an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or a linear motor.

4. The deformation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine base comprises a connecting portion extending in the up-down direction and a mounting portion provided on the upper side wall of the connecting portion, and the lower end of the connecting portion is mounted on the machine base; The second load module comprises: a second movable portion, the second movable portion being disposed below the mounting portion and used for mounting the pressing portion, the second movable portion having a movable stroke close to or away from the mounting portion; and A second driving assembly is mounted on the mounting portion, comprising a second driving end, wherein the second driving end has a movable stroke in an up-and-down direction and is drivingly connected to the second movable portion; Wherein, the second pressure sensor is arranged at the connection between the second driving end and the second movable part.

5. The deformation test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second guide structure is provided between the second movable portion and the mounting portion, the second guide structure comprising a second guide column extending in an up-down direction and a second guide hole matched with the second guide column, the second guide column is provided at the second movable portion, and the second guide hole is provided at the mounting portion; and / or, The second driving component includes an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or a linear motor.

6. The deformation test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second movable part comprises: The first movable plate is drivingly connected to the second driving end, and the first movable plate is provided with a plurality of through holes in the vertical direction. A second movable plate is disposed below the first movable plate, the pressing portion is installed on the lower end surface of the second movable plate, a plurality of connecting rods are extended upwardly from the upper end surface of the second movable plate, and the plurality of connecting rods are respectively and movably inserted into the plurality of through holes; and, A plurality of springs are arranged between the first movable plate and the second movable plate, and are respectively and correspondingly sleeved on the plurality of connecting rods.

7. The deformation test bench according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressing portion comprises: A mounting seat is mounted on the lower end surface of the second movable plate, and a mounting groove is formed at the lower end of the mounting seat in the left-right direction; and Two bearings are extended in the front-rear direction and spaced apart in the left-right direction. The two bearings are installed in the installation grooves to abut against the shaft.

8. A testing method based on the deformation testing bench according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain the actual classification information of the axle to be tested; According to the actual classification information, query the mapping relationship to obtain a plurality of standard state parameters under the simulation experiment conditions; The test bench is controlled according to the plurality of standard state parameters to perform a simulation experiment on the wheel axle to be tested.

9. The testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Before the step of querying the mapping relationship according to the actual classification information to obtain a plurality of standard state parameters under the simulation experiment conditions, the following step is further included: Respectively obtain multiple actual state parameters of axles with different classification information during the movement of the train; Processing the plurality of actual state parameters to obtain standard state parameters; The classification information of the train axle and the corresponding standard state parameters are associated and stored as a mapping relationship.

10. The testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The standard state parameters include time and pressure, contact force and temperature corresponding to time; and / or, The step of controlling the test bench to perform a simulation experiment on the axle to be tested according to the multiple standard state parameters comprises: Obtaining multiple actual state parameters of the axle to be tested; Acquire compensation state parameters according to the plurality of actual state parameters and the corresponding plurality of standard state parameters; The test bench is controlled according to the compensation state parameters to perform a simulation experiment on the wheel axle to be tested.

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