Method for Removing the Shell of the Double-Shield TBM Main Machine in the Tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for disassembling the discarded shell of a double-shield TBM main machine in a tunnel, which comprises the following steps: disassembling the main machine, leaving the shield shell as the initial support during the disassembly process, and after the disassembly of the main machine is completed, carrying out segment support on the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell; the present invention does not provide lifting points and does not carry out any chamber excavation, ensuring the integrity of the tunnel, leaving the shield outer shell in the tunnel as the initial support, reducing the support cost, saving the construction period, and meeting the requirements for in-tunnel disassembly when the tunnel end does not have the conditions for receiving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of double-shield TBM disassembly, in particular to a method for disassembling a double-shield TBM main machine in a hole. Background Art

[0002] It is well known that with the advancement of mechanical manufacturing technology and the development of the tunnel industry, full-section hard rock tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are widely used in the construction of deep and long tunnels. The double shield TBM has strong adaptability to the formation, excavation and segment assembly are carried out simultaneously, and there is little interference to the station when starting, passing, lifting and turning at the station, and it does not affect the construction period. It is increasingly being used or planned to be used in the construction of subway tunnels. Whether it is single-headed or two-way excavation, the TBM needs to be disassembled after the excavation task is completed to facilitate the smooth construction of the tunnel in the later stage and to facilitate the transportation of the TBM. The disassembly methods are mainly divided into two types: disassembly inside the tunnel and disassembly outside the tunnel. Disassembly outside the tunnel is basically not limited by the lifting space and site conditions. Large mobile bridge cranes, gantry cranes, truck cranes and other lifting and transportation equipment can be used to achieve rapid disassembly of the TBM, which is especially suitable for situations where the site scope is not restricted, such as mountain tunnels. In most cases, the end point of subway tunnel excavation is located in a densely built-up area in the urban area. Due to site constraints, there are no conditions for setting up a receiving shaft; the end point of section excavation is often connected to an existing subway station, and it is impossible to provide a spacious dismantling space by expanding the chamber; the overlying rock layer is thin and highly weathered, and due to the limitations of surrounding rock conditions, anchor lifting points cannot be arranged for lifting. Therefore, dismantling in the tunnel can only be carried out without expanding the tunnel.

[0003] As disclosed in the publication number CN113446020A and published on September 28, 2021, the present invention discloses a method for disassembling an open-type TBM main engine in a tunnel without tunnel expansion, including the following steps: 1. disassembling the cutter head side blocks; 2. disassembling the center block of the cutter head; 3. disassembling the top shield; 4. disassembling the side shield; 5. disassembling the rear section of the main beam and the rear support legs; 6. disassembling the support shoe assembly; 7. disassembling the middle section of the main beam and the saddle frame; 8. disassembling the front section of the main beam; 9. disassembling the TBM large parts; 10. transporting the center block; 11. transporting the side blocks of the cutter head. The present invention does not make a hanging point or expand the cavern. It uses the equipment's own structure and a simple gantry disassembly machine to disassemble the remaining components of the open TBM main engine except the TBM large parts, and uses the TBM large part flipping auxiliary device to flip and dismantle the TBM large parts. It can meet the use of tunnel surrounding rocks with poor surrounding rock integrity and meet the requirements of tunnel disassembly without tunnel expansion of various surrounding rocks.

[0004] The disadvantage of the disassembly method in the above technology is that it is necessary to excavate and expand a local chamber as the disassembly work station for the cutter head, and at the same time, the tunnel needs to have enough space to meet the flipping and transportation of large TBM components. However, during the tunneling process of the double-shield TBM, the segment erection is carried out simultaneously. After the TBM reaches the end of the section, except for the shield part, the lining of the remaining tunnel body has been laid, and the overall condition does not allow for the excavation and expansion of a local chamber. Moreover, different from the open TBM, the double-shield TBM has a full-circle shield, and the size of the shield shell is almost the same as that of the raw tunnel. After the shield shell is disassembled and flipped, it cannot return along the original tunnel with the laid segments to the launch shaft for hoisting out. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for disassembling and discarding the shell of a double-shield TBM main machine in the tunnel to solve the problems existing in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for disassembling and discarding the shell of a double-shield TBM main machine in the tunnel, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] Disassemble the main machine, and leave the shield shell as the initial support during the disassembly process;

[0008] After the main machine is disassembled, carry out segment support on the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell.

[0009] The step of disassembling the main machine described above specifically includes:

[0010] Disassemble the cutter head, the rear half of the main machine belt conveyor, the segment erector, the auxiliary propulsion cylinder, the shoe cylinder, the front half of the main belt conveyor, the shoes, the main propulsion cylinder, and the telescopic cylinder in sequence.

[0011] The shield shell described above is sequentially connected by a front shield, a telescopic shield, a support shield, and a tail shield. The step of leaving the shield shell as the initial support during the disassembly process specifically includes:

[0012] Cut the support shield, and retain the shield shell of the support shield, and disassemble the main drive;

[0013] Cut the front shield, and retain the shield shell of the front shield. Do not cut the telescopic shield and the tail shield.

[0014] The step of disassembling the cutter head described above specifically includes:

[0015] First, plane the V-shaped groove weld on the front of the cutter head, and then remove the first side block, the second side block, the third side block, the fourth side block, and the center block;

[0016] The first side block, the second side block, the third side block, and the fourth side block are welded end to end to form an annular structure, and the center block is located at the center of the annular structure.

[0017] The step of disassembling the shoes described above specifically includes:

[0018] First, translate the support shoes to the middle of the shield body of the support shield, then translate the support shoes to the middle of the tail shield body, then remove the tooling, and remove the support shoes.

[0019] The steps of disassembling the main drive described above specifically include:

[0020] First, separate the main drive from the front shield and move the main drive forward, then cut off the protruding edge of the front shield flange, and finally remove the main drive.

[0021] The steps of disassembling the unmentioned components described above specifically include:

[0022] Disassemble the main drive motor, reducer, and various bracket supports.

[0023] Cut the appendages on the front shield body and the appendages on the support shield body described above, and reserve the cross-sectional space for laying the secondary lining segments.

[0024] Before the steps of disassembling the main machine described above, it also includes: reserving the operation space for cutter head disassembly and storage by the method of shield body retraction.

[0025] After all components are disassembled and transported, install support segments for the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell and the operation space.

[0026] A steel bracket for receiving the main machine and supporting its weight is installed at the bottom of the TBM described above.

[0027] After the components are disassembled, they should be promptly placed on a flatbed transporter and returned along the original tunnel route, and hoisted out from the launch shaft.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the whole process of disassembling the main machine of the double-shield TBM, the present invention does not set lifting points and does not involve any chamber excavation, ensuring the integrity of the tunnel and facilitating subsequent segment installation.

[0029] 2. The shield shell left in the tunnel by the present invention can provide effective support for the tunnel surrounding rock. During the period of TBM disassembly and transportation, there is no need to support and reinforce the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell, saving the construction period and reducing the project cost.

[0030] 3. The method of the present invention is simple, can meet the requirements of non-excavation type in-tunnel disassembly for various surrounding rocks, is reliable and stable, and is convenient for popularization and application. Description of the Drawings

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 It is an elevation view of the outer facade of the double - shield TBM main machine;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a sectional elevation view of the double - shield TBM;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cutter head and hoisting tools of the double - shield TBM;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the center block of the cutter head of the double - shield TBM;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a working flow chart of Embodiment 1.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Cutter head; 1 - 1. Groove weld; 1 - 2. Center block; 1 - 3. First side block; 1 - 4. Second side block; 1 - 5. Third side block; 1 - 6. Fourth side block; 1 - 7. Welding lifting lug; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Driven roller; 4. Cutter; 5. Manual hoist; 6. Sleeper; 7. Rail; 8. Jack; 9. Main drive; 10. Rear half of the main belt conveyor of the main machine; 11. Segment erector; 12. Auxiliary propulsion cylinder; 13. Shoe cylinder; 14. Front half of the main belt conveyor; 15. Shoe; 16. Support shield; 17. Tail shield; 18. Main propulsion cylinder; 19. Telescopic cylinder; 20. Front shield; 21. Front shield flange. Specific implementation manners

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following will further introduce the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings.

[0040] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a method for disassembling the discarded shell of the double - shield TBM main machine provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0041] S101. Disassemble the main machine, and leave the shield shell as the initial support during the disassembly process;

[0042] Specifically, the main machine includes a cutter head 1, the rear half of the main belt conveyor 10, a segment erector 11, auxiliary propulsion cylinders 12, shoe cylinders 13, the front half of the main belt conveyor 14, shoes, main propulsion cylinders 18, and telescopic cylinders 19. Its disassembly method can fully refer to the prior art. However, the difference from the prior art lies in that when dealing with the shield part, the shield is first retracted 10 m to reserve space for the disassembly and storage of the cutter head 1. After that, the shield is left in the tunnel for supporting the tunnel end before the segment lining is laid.

[0043] S102. After the disassembly of the main machine is completed, segment support is carried out on the tunnel section surrounded by the shield.

[0044] Specifically, after all components of the main machine are disassembled and transported out of the tunnel, the remaining shield is also disassembled and transported out of the tunnel. Then, the segment linings are promptly installed on the tunnel section surrounded by the shield and the wall of the reserved disassembly space. The installation operation of the segment linings is relatively simple and can be carried out manually or by using other machinery.

[0045] A method for disassembling and discarding the shell of a double-shield TBM main machine in a tunnel provided by an embodiment of the present invention. ① During the whole process of disassembling the double-shield TBM main machine, no lifting points are set, and no chamber excavation is involved, ensuring the integrity of the tunnel and facilitating subsequent segment installation.

[0046] ② The shield shell left in the tunnel by the present invention can provide effective support for the tunnel surrounding rock. During the period of TBM disassembly and transportation, there is no need to support and reinforce the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell, saving the construction period and reducing the project cost.

[0047] ③ The method of the present invention is simple, can meet the requirements of non-excavation type in-tunnel disassembly for various surrounding rocks, is reliable and stable, and is convenient for popularization and application.

[0048] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, further, the steps of disassembling the main machine specifically include: sequentially disassembling the cutter head 1, the rear half of the main belt conveyor 10, the segment erector 11, the auxiliary propulsion cylinders 12, the shoe cylinders 13, the front half of the main belt conveyor 14, the shoes 15, the main propulsion cylinders 18, and the telescopic cylinders 19.

[0049] Specifically, before disassembling the cutter head 1, it is necessary to first disconnect the connection between the main machine and the rear support system, disassemble the hydraulic and electrical system pipelines and pipelines, reserve a 10 m disassembly and storage space for the cutter head 1 by retracting the shield body, reinforce the unstable surrounding rock, remove the belt conveyor feed hopper 2 and the front driven roller 3 of the rearward belt conveyor, reserve the disassembly operation space for the cutter head 1, and then disassemble the cutter head panel after removing the cutters 4.

[0050] The shield shell is composed of a front shield 20, a telescopic shield, a support shield 16 and a tail shield 17 connected in sequence. The interior of the front shield 20 includes a cutter head 1, a feed hopper 2, a driven roller 3, cutters 4, a main drive 9 and a front shield flange 21. The interior of the telescopic shield includes a main propulsion cylinder 18 and a telescopic cylinder 19. The interior of the support shield 16 includes an auxiliary propulsion cylinder 12, a shoe cylinder 13 and the front half of the main belt conveyor 14. The interior of the tail shield 17 includes the rear half of the main machine belt conveyor 10 and a segment erector 11. The steps of leaving the shield shell as the initial support during the disassembly process specifically include: cutting the support shield 16, retaining the shield shell of the support shield 16, and disassembling the main drive 9, cutting the front shield 20, retaining the shield shell of the front shield 20, and not cutting the telescopic shield and the tail shield 17.

[0051] The steps of disassembling the cutter head 1 specifically include: first gouging the V-shaped groove weld 1-1 on the front of the cutter head 1, and then removing the first side block 1-3, the second side block 1-4, the third side block 1-5, the fourth side block 1-6 and the center block 1-2. The first side block 1-3, the second side block 1-4, the third side block 1-5 and the fourth side block 1-6 are welded end to end to form an annular structure, and the center block 1-2 is located at the center of the annular structure.

[0052] Specifically, when disassembling the cutter head 1, use carbon arc air gouging to gouge the V-shaped groove weld 1-1 on the front of the cutter head 1. Fix a 20t manual hoist 5 on the upper part of the center block 1-2, and fix the lower part of the manual hoist 5 on the welding lug 1-7 of the side block A. Remove the connecting bolts, lower the side block and move it to the front of the tunnel. Similarly, remove the side blocks B, C, and D and move them to the front of the tunnel; place sleepers 6 and steel rails 7 under the center block 1-2, jack up the center block 1-2 with 4 20t jacks 8. After removing the connecting bolts between the cutter head 1 and the main drive 9, loosen the jacks 8, and the center block 1-2 falls on the sleepers 6 and the steel rails 7. Move the center block 1-2 forward, use the jacks 8 to jack up the center block 1-2, remove the sleepers 6 and the steel rails 7, and place the center block 1-2 stably.

[0053] The steps of disassembling the shoe 15 specifically include: first translating the shoe 15 to the middle of the shield body of the support shield 16, then translating the shoe 15 to the middle of the shield body of the tail shield 17, and then removing the tooling and removing the shoe 15.

[0054] The steps of disassembling the main drive 9 specifically include: first separating the main drive 9 from the front shield 20 and moving the main drive 9 forward, then cutting off the protruding edge of the front shield flange 21, and finally removing the main drive 9. Specifically, use the tooling to separate the main drive 9 from the front shield 20 and move it forward by 100mm, cut off the protruding edge of the front shield flange 21, and use the tooling sling to move the main drive 9 backward and place it on the transport cart.

[0055] The steps of disassembling the unmentioned components specifically include: disassembling the main drive motor, speed reducer, and various bracket supports. All components should be disassembled and transported out of the tunnel following the principle of disassembling as much as possible and recycling as much as possible. After the components are disassembled, they should be promptly placed on a flatbed transporter and returned along the original tunnel route, and lifted out from the launch shaft to avoid affecting the implementation of subsequent steps.

[0056] Cut the accessory objects on the front shield 20 and the support shield 16, and reserve the cross-sectional space for laying the secondary lining segments.

[0057] Reserve the operating space for cutter head disassembly and storage by the method of shield body retraction. After all components are removed and transported, install support segments for the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell and the operating space.

[0058] A steel bracket for receiving and supporting the weight of the main machine is installed at the bottom of the TBM. Specifically, a steel bracket structure for receiving the detachable components of the TBM main machine is installed at the bottom of the TBM disassembly machine to bear the weight of the detachable parts of the TBM main machine.

[0059] Such as Figure 5 As shown, in another embodiment provided by the present invention, a method for disassembling and discarding the shell of a double-shield TBM main machine in the tunnel includes the following steps:

[0060] Before the step of disassembling the main machine, reserve the operating space for cutter head disassembly and storage by the method of shield body retraction.

[0061] The steps of disassembling the cutter head specifically include: first cut the V-shaped groove weld on the front of the cutter head, and then remove the first side block, the second side block, the third side block, the fourth side block, and the center block;

[0062] Disassemble the main machine. During the disassembly process, leave the shield shell as the initial support. The steps of disassembling the main machine specifically include: the second half of the main machine belt conveyor, the segment erector, the auxiliary propulsion cylinder, the shoe cylinder, and the first half of the main belt conveyor.

[0063] The steps of disassembling the shoes specifically include: first translate the shoes to the middle of the support shield body, then translate the shoes to the middle of the tail shield body, and then remove the tooling and disassemble the shoes.

[0064] Main propulsion cylinder and telescopic cylinder.

[0065] The steps of leaving the shield shell as the initial support during the disassembly process specifically include: cutting the support shield and retaining the shield shell of the support shield, and disassembling the main drive; cutting the front shield and retaining the shield shell of the front shield, and not cutting the telescopic shield and the tail shield.

[0066] The steps of disassembling the main drive specifically include: first separate the main drive from the front shield and move the main drive forward, then cut off the protruding edge of the front shield flange, and finally disassemble the main drive.

[0067] The steps of disassembling the unmentioned components specifically include: disassembling the main drive motor, the speed reducer, and various bracket supports.

[0068] Cut the accessory objects on the front shield body and the accessory objects on the support shield body, and reserve the cross-sectional space for laying the secondary lining segments.

[0069] After all components are disassembled and transported, install support segments for the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell and the operation space. Only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of illustration above. Without doubt, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for disassembling the discarded shell of a double - shield TBM main machine in a tunnel, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Reserve the operating space for cutter head disassembly and storage by means of the shield body retreating; Disassemble the main machine. During the disassembly process, retain the shield shell as the initial support: After the main machine disassembly is completed, carry out segment support for the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell. After all components of the main machine are transported out of the tunnel, remove the retained shield shell and transport it all out of the tunnel. Then, install the support segments on the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell and the wall of the reserved disassembly space; Among them, the steps of disassembling the main machine specifically include: Disassemble the cutter head, the rear half of the main machine belt conveyor, the segment erector, the auxiliary propulsion cylinder, the shoe cylinder, the front half of the main belt conveyor, the shoes, the main propulsion cylinder, and the telescopic cylinder in sequence; The shield shell is composed of a front shield, a telescopic shield, a support shield, and a tail shield connected in sequence. The steps of retaining the shield shell as the initial support during the disassembly process specifically include: Cut the support shield, and retain the shield shell of the support shield, and disassemble the main drive; Cut the front shield, and retain the shield shell of the front shield. Do not cut the telescopic shield and the tail shield; The steps of disassembling the cutter head specifically include: Use carbon arc air gouging to open the V - shaped groove weld on the front of the cutter head. Fix a 20t manual hoist on the upper part of the center block, and fix the lower part of the manual hoist on the welding lug of side block A. Remove the connecting bolts, lower side block A and move it to the front of the tunnel. Similarly, remove side blocks B, C, and D and move them to the front of the tunnel; Place sleepers and steel rails under the center block, jack up the center block with 4 20t jacks. After removing the connecting bolts between the cutter head and the main drive, loosen the jacks, and the center block falls on the sleepers and steel rails. Move the center block forward, use the jacks to lift the center block, remove the sleepers and steel rails, and place the center block stably.

2. The method for disassembling the discarded shell of a double - shield TBM main machine in a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, the steps of disassembling the shoes specifically include: First, translate the shoes to the middle of the support shield body, then translate the shoes to the middle of the tail shield body, and then remove the tooling and disassemble the shoes.

3. The method for disassembling the discarded shell of a double - shield TBM main machine in a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, the steps of disassembling the main drive specifically include: First, separate the main drive from the front shield and move the main drive forward, then cut off the protruding edge of the front shield flange, and finally disassemble the main drive.

4. The method for disassembling the discarded shell of a double - shield TBM main machine in a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, the steps of disassembling the unmentioned components specifically include: Disassemble the main drive motor, the reducer, and various bracket supports.

5. The method for disassembling the discarded shell of a double - shield TBM main machine in a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Cut the attached objects on the front shield body and the attached objects on the support shield body, and retain the cross - section space for laying the secondary lining segments.

6. The method for disassembling the discarded shell of a double - shield TBM main machine in a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, After all components are disassembled and transported, install support segments on the tunnel section surrounded by the shield shell and the operating space.

7. The method for disassembling the discarded shell of a double - shield TBM main machine in a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A steel bracket for receiving the main machine and supporting its weight is installed at the bottom of the TBM.

8. A method for disassembling and removing the discarded shell of the main machine of a double-shield TBM in the tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that after the disassembly of the components is completed, they should be promptly placed on a flatbed transporter and returned along the original route of the tunnel, and hoisted out by the launching shaft.

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