Combustion device, operation method, and program product

Abstract

A combustion apparatus has a furnace main body having a drying section, a combustion section, and a burnout section arranged in a conveyance direction, and divides processing spaces for drying, combustion, and burnout, respectively, by conveying a combustible in the conveyance direction, the combustion apparatus comprising: a temperature measuring section that measures the temperature of the combustible in the vicinity of the end of the conveyance direction section of a flame caused by combustion, i.e., the burnout point; and a calculation section that calculates the proportion of unburned amount of the combustible after burnout based on a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature from a value of a reference temperature set in advance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to combustion equipment, calculation methods, and procedures.

[0002] This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-217297, filed on November 29, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0003] Patent document 1 discloses a technology that controls the oxygen content of the combustion air supplied to the combustion grate and below the burnout grate based on the grate thickness, burnout point, and pre-combustion completion point of the burnout grate, thereby enabling stable waste incineration.

[0004] Patent document 2 discloses the following technology: detecting the concentration of a specific component in the exhaust gas generated in part or all of the combustion zone, deriving the combustion rate of the waste based on the detected exhaust gas concentration, and determining the amount of unburned waste based on the derived combustion rate and the amount of combustion air supplied at that time.

[0005] Prior art literature

[0006] Patent documents

[0007] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 3618668

[0008] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-288529 Summary of the Invention

[0009] -The problem the invention aims to solve-

[0010] When solid fuels such as waste and biomass are fed into combustion equipment, changes in their type, composition, calorific value, and fixed carbon ratio will result in changes in the amount of unburned fuel. To ensure efficient operation of the combustion equipment, it is desirable to control the combustion to ensure that the solid fuel is completely burned in the final combustion stage. However, it is difficult to directly measure the amount of unburned solid fuel in real time.

[0011] This disclosure was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a combustion device, calculation method and program.

[0012] -Methods for solving problems-

[0013] The combustion apparatus disclosed herein includes: a furnace body having a drying section, a combustion section, and a burnout section arranged in the transport direction, and dividing the processing space for drying, combustion, and burnout by transporting the incinerated material in the transport direction; the combustion apparatus includes: a temperature measuring unit for measuring the temperature of the incinerated material near the burnout point, i.e., the end of the transport direction section of the flame ignited by combustion; and a calculation unit for calculating the proportion of unburned material after burnout based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature from a preset reference temperature.

[0014] The calculation method disclosed herein involves a combustion device comprising: a furnace body having a drying section, a combustion section, and a burnout section arranged in a transport direction, and dividing the processing space for drying, combustion, and burnout by transporting the incinerated material in the transport direction; the calculation method comprising: a step of measuring the temperature of the incinerated material near the burnout point, i.e., the end of the transport direction section of the flame ignited by combustion; and a step of calculating the proportion of unburned material after burnout based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature from a preset reference temperature.

[0015] The program disclosed herein includes a combustion device comprising: a furnace body having a drying section, a combustion section, and a burnout section arranged in a transport direction, and dividing the processing space for drying, combustion, and burnout by transporting the incinerated material in the transport direction; the program causing the computer of the combustion device to perform: a step of measuring the temperature of the incinerated material near the end of the transport direction section of the flame ignited by combustion, i.e., the burnout point; and a step of calculating the proportion of unburned material after burnout based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature from a preset reference temperature.

[0016] -Invention Effects-

[0017] According to the combustion device, calculation method and program disclosed herein, it is possible to maintain an appropriate proportion of unburned material in the combustion device and achieve stable combustion. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the structure of the combustion device according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the structure of the control device involved in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the combustion device according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 4This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the combustion device according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the structure of the control device involved in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic block diagram showing the structure of a computer involved in at least one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0024] <First Implementation>

[0025] Structure of Combustion Devices

[0026] The structure of the combustion apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment will be described below. The combustion apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment is an apparatus for incinerating waste 400. Examples of the combustion apparatus 100 include waste incinerator grate furnaces and biomass fluidized bed boilers. The combustion apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment is a waste incinerator grate furnace.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the structure of the combustion device 100 according to the first embodiment. The combustion device 100 includes a stalker furnace 1, a heat recovery boiler 8, a desuperheating tower 9, a dust collection device 11, a chimney 12, and a control device 300.

[0028] The grate furnace 1 is a furnace that burns the incinerated material 400 while it is being transported. Examples of the incinerated material 400 include waste and biomass. Figure 1 The incinerated material 400 is waste. As the incinerated material 400 burns in the grate furnace 1, exhaust gas is generated from the grate furnace 1. This exhaust gas is sent to the heat recovery boiler 8 located above the grate furnace 1.

[0029] The exhaust heat recovery boiler 8 heats water by exchanging heat between exhaust gas and water, thereby generating steam. This steam is used in external equipment (not shown). After being cooled in the desuperheating tower 9, the exhaust gas from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 8 is sent to the dust collection unit 11. After soot and dust are removed in the dust collection unit 11, the exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere through the chimney 12.

[0030] Next, the structure of grate furnace 1 will be described. For example... Figure 1As shown, the grate furnace 1 includes a furnace body 10, a furnace 7 extending upward from the furnace body 10, a hopper 3 temporarily storing the incinerated material 400, a feeder 31 supplying the incinerated material 400 from the hopper 3 into the furnace body 10, and a grate 6 disposed at the bottom of the furnace body 10. Furthermore, the grate furnace 1 includes a discharge chute 13 for discharging the incinerated material 400 to the outside, a bellows 2 disposed below the grate 6, a calciner roller 210 for moving the incinerated material 400 towards the discharge chute 13, and a camera 220 for capturing images of the accommodating space V of the furnace body 10. Additionally, the grate furnace 1 includes a blower B1 for supplying air into a primary air line L1 and a secondary air line L2, a primary air line L1 supplying air to the bellows 2, and a secondary air line L2 supplying air to the furnace 7.

[0031] The grate 6 is composed of multiple grates. Among the grates are fixed grates and movable grates. The fixed grates are those that are fixed in place. The movable grates agitate the incinerated material 400 placed on them by moving at a fixed speed in the transport direction Da and -Da. The -Da direction mentioned above refers to the direction opposite to the transport direction Da.

[0032] A processing space V is formed inside the furnace body 10 for burning the incinerated material 400. Within this processing space V, the incinerated material 400 is transported from the feeder 31 in a transport direction Da toward the discharge chute 13 by the grate 6. The burned incinerated material 400 is discharged to the outside through the discharge chute 13. In this embodiment, the grate 6 is horizontally arranged. On the other hand, the grate 6 in other embodiments may also be inclined relative to the horizontal plane.

[0033] The furnace body 10 is designed to be sequentially divided into a drying section 21, a combustion section 22, and a burnout section 23 from the upstream side of the transport direction Da. The drying section 21 is a partition used to dry the incinerator 400 supplied from the hopper 3 before combustion. The combustion section 22 and burnout section 23 are partitions used to burn the dried incinerator 400. In the combustion section 22, a flame F is generated by the thermal decomposition gases produced from the incinerator 400. In the burnout section 23, the flame F is not generated because the fixed carbon of the incinerator 400 is burned. In other words, the flame F accompanying combustion is mainly formed above the combustion section 22.

[0034] The furnace 7 extends upwards from the upper part of the furnace body 10. Waste gas from the processing space V is sent to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 8 through the furnace 7. A primary air duct L1 connects the blower B1 and the bellows 2. Air is supplied to the bellows 2 through the primary air duct L1 by driving the blower B1. The bellows 2 supplies air into the processing space V. A secondary air duct L2 connects the blower B1 to the furnace 7. Combustion air is supplied to the furnace 7 through the secondary air duct L2. The bellows 2 form the bottom surface of the processing space V. Multiple bellows 2 are arranged in the transport direction Da.

[0035] The clinker roller 210 rotates to move the incinerated material 400 from the burnout section 23 to the discharge chute 13. The clinker roller 210 rotates at intervals set by the control device 300. The camera 220 captures images of the incinerated material 400 and its surrounding area near the front half of the burnout section 23. An example of the front half of the burnout section 23 is the first half of the burnout section 23. That is, among the two bellows 2 involved in the burnout section 23, the area involved by the first bellows 2 is an example of the front half of the burnout section 23.

[0036] Furthermore, as described above, the flame F accompanying combustion forms above the combustion section 22 and is not generated in the burnout section 23. Therefore, the first half of the burnout section 23 can also be considered as being near the end of the section on the transport direction of the flame F. Hereinafter, the end of the section on the transport direction of the flame F will also be referred to as the burnout point Z. The burnout point Z can also be considered as the point where the generation of thermal decomposition gases caused by the heating of the incinerated material 400 ends. The burnout point Z can vary depending on the environment in which the combustion device 100 is placed or the combustion condition of the incinerated material 400. Therefore, the burnout point Z is set within a given range including the boundary point of the combustion section 22 and the burnout section 23, or within a given range including the end of the section on the transport direction of the flame F. The camera 220 captures the periphery of the incinerated material 400, thereby reflecting in the image data generated by the camera 220 the wall of the furnace body 10 that divides the processing space V and the bright flame generated from the incinerated material 400. As an example of the camera 220, cameras equipped with a visual camera and an infrared camera can be listed. The Camera 220 can also replace the infrared camera and be equipped with a hyperspectral camera.

[0037] The control device 300 controls the grate 6, the blower B1 and the clinker roller 210. Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram showing the structure of the control device 300. The control device 300 includes an acquisition unit 305, a temperature measuring unit 310, a length measuring unit 320, a height measuring unit 330, a calculation unit 340, and a control unit 350. The control device 300 is connected to the combustion device 100 via wired or wireless means.

[0038] The acquisition unit 305 acquires image data from the camera 220.

[0039] The temperature measuring unit 310 measures the temperature of the incinerated material 400 near the front section of the burnout section 23 based on the image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305. As an example of the aforementioned "near the front section," when the incinerated material 400 is burned using the combustion device 100, the vicinity of the location that constitutes the burnout point Z of the incinerated material 400 can be listed. That is, as an example of the temperature of the incinerated material 400 near the front section, the temperature of the incinerated material 400 within a given range including the boundary point between the combustion section 22 and the burnout section 23, or within a given range including the end of the section on the transport direction side of the flame F, can be listed. Furthermore, as an example of the temperature of the incinerated material 400 near the front section, the average temperature of the incinerated material 400 in the front section of the burnout section 23 can also be listed. Specifically, the temperature measuring unit 310 measures the temperature by performing the following operations.

[0040] The temperature measuring unit 310 receives image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 from the infrared camera or hyperspectral camera of the camera 220. In the received image data, the temperature measuring unit 310 divides a pre-defined portion of the region near the burnout point Z (i.e., the region near the first half of the burnout section 23) into regions, and normalizes the brightness of each region. Then, the temperature measuring unit 310 cross-references the brightness of each region with temperature information that establishes a correlation between brightness and temperature to determine the temperature of each region. The temperature measuring unit 310 uses the highest temperature among the temperatures of each region or the average temperature of the temperatures of each region to determine the temperature of the incinerated object 400, thereby measuring the temperature of the incinerated object 400.

[0041] The length measuring unit 320 measures the burnout length based on the image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305. The burnout length refers to the length from the boundary between the feeder 31 and the drying section 21 to the burnout point Z. The incinerated material 400 changes from gas combustion to solid combustion with the burnout point Z as the boundary. Specifically, the length measuring unit 320 measures the burnout length through the following operations.

[0042] The length measuring unit 320 receives image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 from the camera 220. Then, the length measuring unit 320 binarizes the brightness of the received image data using a preset threshold. After arranging the values ​​of the binarized image data according to the transport direction Da, the length measuring unit 320 identifies the points where the values ​​change as points involving the boundary of the bright flame of the flame F. The length measuring unit 320 calculates the average value of the points involving the boundary of the bright flame of the flame F and determines the burnout point Z. The length measuring unit 320 calculates the length from the point where the feeder 31 and the drying section 21 meet to the burnout point Z and measures the burnout length.

[0043] The height measuring unit 330 acquires image data from the camera 220 to measure the height of the surface of the incinerated material 400 near the first half of the combustion section 23. This height refers to the relative height of the surface of the incinerated material 400 relative to the wall of the furnace body 10, which divides the processing space V. Specifically, the height measuring unit 330 measures the height of the surface of the incinerated material 400 through the following operations.

[0044] The height measuring unit 330 receives image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 from the infrared camera or hyperspectral camera of the camera 220. The height measuring unit 330 measures the height of the surface by cross-referencing a reference between the surface of the incinerated object 400, determined according to a preset threshold, and the wall of the processing space V in the received image data.

[0045] The calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of unburned material 400 after combustion. The aforementioned proportion of unburned material refers to the value obtained by dividing the weight of the charred (fixed carbon) included in the combustible material 400 by adding the weight of the charred material and the weight of the charcoal included in the combustible material 400. Specifically, the calculation unit 340 substitutes the data obtained from the temperature measuring unit 310, the length measuring unit 320, and the height measuring unit 330 into the following formula (1) to calculate the proportion of unburned material.

[0046] The proportion of unburned fuel = C + αX1 - βX2 + γX3 ··· (1)

[0047] In Equation 1 above, the reference value C is a pre-set reference value. Coefficients α, β, and γ are pre-set coefficient values. The reference value C, coefficients α, β, and γ are pre-set by measuring the proportion of unburned material 400 before using the combustion equipment. Furthermore, the reference value C, coefficients α, β, and γ can vary depending on the surrounding environment of the combustion equipment 100 or the composition of the incinerated material 400.

[0048] X1 is the value obtained by subtracting the burnout length measured by the length measuring unit 320 from the preset reference burnout length. X2 is the value obtained by subtracting the height measured by the height measuring unit 330 from the preset reference height. X3 is the value obtained by subtracting the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 from the preset reference temperature.

[0049] The control unit 350 controls the combustion device 100 so that the proportion of unburned material calculated by the calculation unit 340 is within a preset range. An example of this preset range is the following: an upper limit is the sum of the target unburned material proportion (determined as optimal for stable operation of the combustion device 100) and the variation value determined by the user of the combustion device 100 considering changes in its operation; a lower limit is the difference between the target unburned material proportion (determined as optimal for stable operation of the combustion device 100) and the variation value determined by the user of the combustion device 100 considering changes in its operation. An example of the target unburned material proportion is the proportion used to burn off the fixed carbon in the incinerated material 400 when it reaches the final stage of the burnout section 23.

[0050] Specifically, the control unit 350 controls the clinker roller 210, the blower B1, the grate, and the air box 2 to change the operating interval of the clinker roller 210, the proportion of air supplied to the combustion section 23 among the air supplied to the drying section 21, the combustion section 22, and the burnout section 23, the operating speed of the grate, and the amount of air supplied to the air box 2.

[0051] If the operating interval of the clinker roller 210 is increased, the residence time of the incinerated material 400 in the furnace body 10 increases. Consequently, because the combustion time of the incinerated material 400 increases, the proportion of unburned material 400 decreases. If the operating interval of the clinker roller 210 is decreased, the residence time of the incinerated material 400 in the furnace body decreases. Consequently, because the combustion time of the incinerated material 400 shortens, the proportion of unburned material 400 increases.

[0052] Furthermore, if the proportion of air supplied to the combustion section 23 among the air supplied to the drying section 21, combustion section 22, and burnout section 23 increases, the combustion of the fixed carbon in the incinerated material 400 is more effectively carried out due to the larger volume of air, thus reducing the proportion of unburned material 400. Conversely, if the proportion of air supplied to the combustion section 23 among the air supplied to the drying section 21, combustion section 22, and burnout section 23 decreases, the combustion of the fixed carbon in the incinerated material 400 is less effectively carried out due to the smaller volume of air, thus increasing the proportion of unburned material 400.

[0053] Furthermore, if the operating speed of the movable grate in the grate increases, the agitation of the incinerated material 400 is stronger, thus reducing the proportion of unburned material 400. If the operating speed of the movable grate in the grate decreases, the agitation of the incinerated material 400 is weaker, thus increasing the proportion of unburned material 400.

[0054] Furthermore, if the amount of air supplied to the bellows 2 involved in the drying section 21, combustion section 22, and burnout section 23 is increased, the combustion of the incinerated material 400 is stronger due to the larger amount of air, thus reducing the proportion of unburned material 400. If the amount of air supplied to the bellows 2 involved in the drying section 21, combustion section 22, and burnout section 23 is decreased, the combustion of the incinerated material 400 is weaker due to the smaller amount of air, thus increasing the proportion of unburned material 400.

[0055] The calculation of the proportion of unburned material in combustion equipment

[0056] The following explains the operation of calculating the proportion of unburned material in the combustion device 100. Figure 3 This is a flowchart showing the operation of calculating the proportion of unburned material in the combustion device 100 according to the first embodiment.

[0057] Camera 220 captures images of the processing space V, thereby obtaining image data of the incinerated object 400 and its surroundings (step S1). Specifically, the visual camera and infrared camera of camera 220 capture images of the walls that divide the incinerated object 400 and the processing space V.

[0058] The acquisition unit 305 acquires the image data captured by the camera 220 in step S1.

[0059] The temperature measuring unit 310 measures the temperature of the incinerated object 400 based on the image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 in step S2 (step S3). For example, the temperature measuring unit 310 receives the image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 in step S2. In the received image data, the temperature measuring unit 310 divides a predetermined portion of the region near the burnout point Z, i.e., the region near the first half of the burnout section 23, into each region and normalizes the brightness of each region. Then, the temperature measuring unit 310 cross-references the brightness of each region with temperature information that correlates brightness and temperature to determine the temperature of each region. The temperature measuring unit 310 uses the highest temperature among the temperatures of each region or the average temperature of the temperatures of each region to determine the temperature of the incinerated object 400, and thus measures the temperature of the incinerated object 400.

[0060] The length measuring unit 320 measures the burnout length based on the image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 in step S2 (step S4). For example, the length measuring unit 320 receives the image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 in step S2. Then, the length measuring unit 320 binarizes the brightness of the received image data using a preset threshold. The length measuring unit 320, after arranging the values ​​of the binarized image data in order according to the transport direction Da, determines the points where the values ​​change as points involving the boundary of the bright flame of the flame F. The length measuring unit 320 calculates the average value of the points involving the boundary of the bright flame of the flame F to determine the burnout point Z. The length measuring unit 320 calculates the length from the point where the feeder 31 and the drying section 21 meet to the burnout point Z, and measures the burnout length.

[0061] The height measuring unit 330 measures the height of the surface of the incinerated object 400 based on the image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 in step S2 (step S5). For example, the height measuring unit 330 receives image data acquired by the acquisition unit 305 from the infrared camera or hyperspectral camera of the camera 220. The height measuring unit 330 cross-references the surface of the incinerated object 400, determined according to a preset threshold, in the received image data with a reference to the wall of the processing space V, thereby measuring the height of the surface.

[0062] The calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of unburned amount based on the temperature measured in step S2, the burnout length measured in step S3, and the height measured in step S4 (step S6).

[0063] Through the aforementioned actions, the combustion device 100 can calculate the proportion of unburned material 400 after it has been completely burned. Therefore, the user of the combustion device 100 can monitor the proportion of unburned material 400 being burned by the combustion device 100 in real time.

[0064] "Control of Combustion Equipment"

[0065] The following describes the control operation of the combustion device 100. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the control operation of the combustion device 100 according to the first embodiment.

[0066] The combustion device 100 calculates the proportion of unburned material through the operations described above from step S1 to step S5. If the calculated proportion of unburned material is within a preset range (step S11: Yes), the control operations of the combustion device 100 cease. Conversely, if the calculated proportion of unburned material is not within the preset range (step S11: No), the control unit 350 performs control to change the operating interval of the clinker roller 210 (step S12). That is, the control unit 350 sends a signal to the clinker roller 210 to change its operating interval. For example, if the proportion of unburned material is above the upper limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 performs control to increase the operating interval of the clinker roller 210. If the proportion of unburned material is below the lower limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 performs control to decrease the operating interval of the clinker roller 210.

[0067] After step S12, the combustion device 100 repeatedly executes the actions from steps S1 to S5 to calculate the proportion of unburned fuel. Then, if the calculated proportion of unburned fuel is within a preset range (step S13: Yes), the control actions of the combustion device 100 end. On the other hand, if the calculated proportion of unburned fuel is not within the preset range (step S13: No), the control unit 350 controls the proportion of air supplied to the combustion chamber 23 (step S14). That is, the control unit 350 controls the proportion of air supplied to the combustion chamber 23 through the primary air duct L1 by sending a signal to the blower B1. For example, if the proportion of unburned fuel is above the upper limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls the proportion of air supplied to the combustion chamber 23 to increase. On the other hand, if the proportion of unburned fuel is below the lower limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls the proportion of air supplied to the combustion chamber 23 to decrease.

[0068] After step S14, the combustion device 100 repeatedly executes the actions from steps S1 to S5, calculating the proportion of unburned fuel. Then, if the calculated proportion of unburned fuel is within a preset range (step S15: Yes), the control actions of the combustion device 100 end. On the other hand, if the calculated proportion of unburned fuel is not within the preset range (step S15: No), the control unit 350 controls the operating speed of the grate (step S16). That is, the control unit 350 sends a signal to the actuator that moves the movable grate, controlling the operating speed of the movable grate. For example, if the proportion of unburned fuel is above the upper limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls the operation to increase the operating speed of the movable grate. On the other hand, if the proportion of unburned fuel is below the lower limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls the operation to decrease the operating speed of the movable grate.

[0069] After step S16, the combustion device 100 repeatedly executes the actions from steps S1 to S5 to calculate the proportion of unburned fuel. Then, if the calculated proportion of unburned fuel is within a preset range (step S17: Yes), the control actions of the combustion device 100 end. On the other hand, if the calculated proportion of unburned fuel is not within the preset range (step S17: No), the control unit 350 controls the amount of air supplied to the air inlet box 2 (step S18). That is, the control unit 350 sends a signal to the blower B1 to control the amount of air supplied to the air inlet box 2. For example, if the proportion of unburned fuel is above the upper limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls the air supply to the air inlet box 2 to increase the amount of air supplied to the air inlet box 2. On the other hand, if the proportion of unburned fuel is below the lower limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 controls the air supply to the air inlet box 2 to decrease the amount of air supplied to the air inlet box 2.

[0070] After step S18, the combustion device 100 repeatedly executes the actions from steps S1 to S5 to calculate the proportion of unburned material. Then, if the calculated proportion of unburned material is within a preset range (step S19: Yes), the actions related to the control of the combustion device 100 end. On the other hand, if the calculated proportion of unburned material is not within the preset range (step S19: No), it returns to step S12, and the control unit 350 performs control to change the operating interval of the clinker roller 210 (step S12).

[0071] Through the above actions, the combustion device 100 controls itself based on the calculated proportion of unburned material so that the proportion of unburned material is within a preset range. Therefore, the user of the combustion device 100 can properly maintain the proportion of unburned material 400 to achieve stable combustion.

[0072] Furthermore, the control actions of the combustion equipment 100 are not limited to those described above. For example, the order of controlling the clinker roller 210, controlling the air ratio, controlling the grate's operating speed, and controlling the air volume is not limited to the order described above; different orders of actions may be involved. Additionally, multiple controls may be performed simultaneously among controlling the clinker roller 210, controlling the air ratio, controlling the grate's operating speed, and controlling the air volume. Furthermore, multiple actions involving only one control may be performed among controlling the clinker roller 210, controlling the air ratio, controlling the grate's operating speed, and controlling the air volume. Alternatively, only one control may be performed among controlling the clinker roller 210, controlling the air ratio, controlling the grate's operating speed, and controlling the air volume.

[0073] Functions and Effects

[0074] The combustion apparatus 100 disclosed herein includes: a furnace body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22, and a burnout section 23 arranged in the transport direction, and dividing the processing space V for drying, combustion, and burnout by transporting the incinerated material 400 in the transport direction Da; the combustion apparatus 100 includes: a temperature measuring unit 310 for measuring the temperature of the incinerated material 400 near the end of the transport direction Da section of the flame ignited by combustion, i.e., the burnout point Z; and a calculation unit 340 for calculating the proportion of unburned amount of the incinerated material 400 after burnout based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature from a preset reference temperature.

[0075] Therefore, the combustion device 100 can calculate the proportion of unburned material 400 after it is burned out, and the user of the combustion device 100 can grasp the proportion of unburned material 400 being burned in the combustion device 100 in real time.

[0076] In addition, the combustion device 100 includes a control unit 350 that controls the combustion device 100 so that the proportion of unburned material is within a preset range.

[0077] Therefore, the combustion device 100 controls itself based on the calculated proportion of unburned material so that the proportion of unburned material is within a preset range. Thus, the user of the combustion device 100 can properly maintain the proportion of unburned material 400 to achieve stable combustion.

[0078] Furthermore, the furnace body 10 of the combustion device 100 includes: a clinker roller 210 for moving the incinerated material 400 from the burnout section 23; an air box 2 for introducing air into the drying section 21, the combustion section 22, and the burnout section 23 respectively; and a grate for conveying the incinerated material 400 in the conveying direction Da. The control unit 350 controls at least one of the following: the operating interval of the clinker roller 210; the proportion of air introduced into the burnout section 23 among the air introduced into the drying section 21, the combustion section 22, and the burnout section 23; the operating speed of the grate; and the amount of air introduced into the air box 2.

[0079] Therefore, by controlling the amount or distribution of air fed into the clinker roller 210 or the bellows 2, and the operating speed of the grate, the combustion equipment 100 can keep the proportion of unburned material 400 being burned within a fixed range. Thus, the user of the combustion equipment 100 can appropriately maintain the proportion of unburned material 400, achieving stable combustion.

[0080] In addition, the combustion device 100 includes: a feeder 31 that supplies the incinerated material 400 to the drying section 21; and a length measuring unit 320 that measures the length from the point where the feeder 31 connects to the drying section 21 to the burnout point Z of the incinerated material 400, i.e., the burnout length; and a calculation unit 340 that calculates the proportion of unburned material based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the reference temperature value and the value obtained by subtracting the burnout length from the reference burnout length.

[0081] Therefore, by measuring the burnout length, the combustion device 100 can calculate the proportion of unburned material 400 after it is burned out, and the user of the combustion device 100 can grasp the proportion of unburned material 400 burned by the combustion device 100 in real time.

[0082] In addition, the combustion device 100 includes: a height measuring unit 330 that measures the height of the surface of the object to be burned 400 near the first half of the burnout section 23; and a calculation unit 340 that calculates the proportion of unburned amount based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature from the reference temperature value, the value obtained by subtracting the burnout length from the reference burnout length, and the value obtained by subtracting the height from the reference height.

[0083] Therefore, by measuring the height of the surface of the incinerated material 400, the combustion device 100 can calculate the proportion of unburned material 400 after it is burned out, and the user of the combustion device 100 can grasp the proportion of unburned material 400 in the incinerated material 400 in real time.

[0084] <Second Implementation>

[0085] The combustion device 100 according to the second embodiment will be described below. The structure of the combustion device 100 according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the combustion device 100 according to the first embodiment. The calculation unit 340 according to the second embodiment is different from that according to the first embodiment. Instead of using a formula to calculate the proportion of unburned amount, it calculates the proportion of unburned amount based on a pre-calculated proportion of unburned amount.

[0086] For example, the calculation unit 340 establishes a table that links the burnout length, height, temperature and unburned quantity, and crosses the burnout length measured by the length measuring unit 320, the height measured by the height measuring unit 330 and the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 to calculate the unburned quantity ratio.

[0087] Therefore, the calculation unit 340 uses the pre-calculated unburned quantity ratio to calculate the unburned quantity ratio of the incinerated material 400, thus enabling the user of the combustion device 100 to monitor the unburned quantity ratio in real time.

[0088] <Third Implementation>

[0089] The combustion device 100 according to the third embodiment will be described below. The control device 300 of the combustion device 100 according to the third embodiment is structured differently from the control device 300 of the combustion device 100 according to the first embodiment, omitting the length measuring unit 320, height measuring unit 330, and calculation unit 340. The control device 300 of the combustion device 100 according to the third embodiment does not calculate the proportion of unburned material 400, but rather controls the combustion device 100 using values ​​measured by the temperature measuring unit 310, etc.

[0090] Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram showing the structure of the control device 300 according to the third embodiment. The control device 300 includes a temperature measuring unit 310 and a control unit 350.

[0091] The camera 220 of the combustion device 100 according to the third embodiment may also be a visual camera.

[0092] The control unit 350 controls the combustion device 100 so that the temperature value measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 is within a preset range. For example, if the temperature value measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 is higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the control unit 350 performs control to increase the operating interval of the clinker roller 210, or increase the proportion of air introduced into the combustion section 23, or increase the operating speed of the grate, or increase the amount of air introduced into the air box 2.

[0093] Furthermore, if the temperature value measured by the temperature measuring unit 310 is lower than the lower limit of a preset range, the control unit 350 performs control to reduce the operating interval of the clinker roller 210, or the proportion of air introduced into the combustion section 23, or the operating speed of the grate, or the amount of air introduced into the air box 2. That is, the control device according to the first embodiment calculates the proportion of unburned material, and the control unit 350 controls the combustion device 100 based on this proportion of unburned material, but the combustion device 100 according to the third embodiment omits the calculation of the proportion of unburned material and performs control based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 310.

[0094] Functions and Effects

[0095] The combustion apparatus 100 disclosed herein includes: a furnace body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22, and a burnout section 23 arranged in the transport direction Da, and dividing the processing space V for drying, combustion, and burnout by transporting the incinerated material 400 in the transport direction Da; the combustion apparatus 100 includes: a temperature measuring unit 310 for measuring the temperature of the incinerated material 400 near the end of the transport direction Da section of the flame ignited by combustion, i.e., the burnout point Z; and a control unit 350 for controlling the combustion apparatus 100 so that the temperature value is within a preset range.

[0096] Therefore, the combustion device 100 uses the measured temperature of the incinerated material 400 to control the combustion device 100. As a result, the user of the combustion device 100 can appropriately maintain the proportion of unburned material 400 and achieve stable combustion.

[0097] <Other Implementation Methods>

[0098] The above description of one embodiment is based on the accompanying drawings. However, the specific structure is not limited to the structure described above, and various design changes can be made.

[0099] The combustion device 100 can also replace the length measuring unit 320 in measuring the burnout length and directly measure the concentration of the thermal decomposition gases of the incinerated material 400. In this case, the calculation unit 340 uses the measured concentration to calculate the proportion of unburned material. Temperature can also be measured directly using a thermocouple.

[0100] In addition, besides the example described in the first embodiment above, the control unit 350 can also control the proportion of unburned material 400 by controlling the device provided with the combustion device 100.

[0101] Although the temperature and height of the incinerated material 400 in the first half of the pre-defined burnout section 23 are controlled, it is not limited to this. It is also possible to determine the temperature and height of the incinerated material 400 in the vicinity of the burnout point after the burnout point is determined, and control is carried out based on these.

[0102] Figure 6 It is a schematic block diagram showing the structure of a computer involved in at least one embodiment.

[0103] The computer 1100 includes a processor 1110, a main memory 1120, a storage 1130, and an interface 1140.

[0104] The aforementioned control device 300 is installed in the computer 1100. Furthermore, the operations of each of the aforementioned processing units are stored in memory 1130 in the form of a program. The processor 1110 reads the program from memory 1130 and expands it in main memory 1120, executing the aforementioned processing according to the program. In addition, the processor 1110 secures the corresponding storage areas for each of the aforementioned storage units in main memory 1120 according to the program.

[0105] The program can also be used to implement a portion of the functions that enable the computer 1100 to perform. For example, the program can also function by combining with other programs already stored in the memory 1130, or with other programs installed on other devices. Additionally, in other embodiments, the computer 1100 may, based on or replacing the above-described structure, incorporate a custom LSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) such as a PLD (Programmable Logic Device). Examples of PLDs include PAL (Programmable Array Logic), GAL (Generic Array Logic), CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device), and FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). In this case, some or all of the functions implemented by the processor 1110 can be implemented using this integrated circuit.

[0106] Examples of storage devices 1130 include hard disks, optical disks, and semiconductor memories. Storage device 1130 can be an internal medium directly connected to the bus of computer 1100, or an external medium connected to the computer via interface 1140 or a communication line. Furthermore, when the program is distributed to computer 1100 via a communication line, the receiving computer 1100 can expand the program in main memory 1120 to perform the aforementioned processing. In at least one embodiment, storage device 1130 is a non-temporary tangible storage medium.

[0107] Furthermore, the program can also be used to implement a portion of the aforementioned functions. Moreover, the program can also be used to implement the aforementioned functions through a so-called differential file (differential program) in combination with other programs already stored in the memory 1130.

[0108] <Postscript>

[0109] (1) The combustion device 100 according to the first embodiment includes: a furnace body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22 and a burnout section 23 arranged in the transport direction, and dividing the processing space V for drying, combustion and burnout by transporting the incinerated material 400 in the transport direction Da; the combustion device 100 includes: a temperature measuring unit 310 for measuring the temperature of the incinerated material 400 near the end of the transport direction Da section of the flame initiated by combustion, i.e., the burnout point Z; and a calculation unit 340 for calculating the proportion of unburned amount of the incinerated material 400 after burnout based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the value of a preset reference temperature.

[0110] Therefore, the combustion device 100 can calculate the proportion of unburned material 400 after it is burned out, and the user of the combustion device 100 can grasp the proportion of unburned material 400 burned by the combustion device 100 in real time.

[0111] (2) In addition, the combustion device 100 includes a control unit 350 that controls the combustion device 100 so that the proportion of unburned amount is within a preset range.

[0112] Therefore, the combustion device 100 controls itself based on the calculated proportion of unburned material so that the proportion of unburned material is within a preset range. Thus, the user of the combustion device 100 can properly maintain the proportion of unburned material 400 to be burned, thereby achieving stable combustion.

[0113] (3) In addition, the furnace body 10 of the combustion device 100 has: a clinker roller 210 for moving the incinerated material 400 from the burnout section 23; an air box 2 for introducing air into the drying section 21, the combustion section 22 and the burnout section 23 respectively; and a grate for conveying the incinerated material 400 in the conveying direction Da. The control unit 350 controls at least one of the following: the operating interval of the clinker roller 210; the proportion of air introduced into the burnout section 23 among the air introduced into the drying section 21, the combustion section 22 and the burnout section 23; the operating speed of the grate; and the amount of air introduced into the air box 2.

[0114] Therefore, by controlling the air volume, air distribution, and grate operating speed of the combustion equipment 100 through the clinker roller 210 or the air inlet box 2, the combustion equipment 100 can maintain the proportion of unburned material 400 in the combustion equipment 100 within a fixed range. Thus, the user of the combustion equipment 100 can appropriately maintain the proportion of unburned material 400 in the combustion equipment, achieving stable combustion.

[0115] (4) In addition, the combustion device 100 includes: a feeder 31 that supplies the incinerated material 400 to the drying section 21; and a length measuring unit 320 that measures the length from the point where the feeder 31 connects to the drying section 21 to the burnout point Z of the incinerated material 400, i.e., the burnout length. The calculation unit 340 calculates the proportion of unburned amount based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the reference temperature value and the value obtained by subtracting the burnout length from the reference burnout length.

[0116] Therefore, by measuring the burnout length, the combustion device 100 can calculate the proportion of unburned material 400 after it is burned out, and the user of the combustion device 100 can grasp the proportion of unburned material 400 burned by the combustion device 100 in real time.

[0117] (5) In addition, the combustion device 100 includes: a height measuring unit 330, which measures the height of the surface of the object 400 to be burned near the first half of the burnout section 23; and a calculation unit 340, which calculates the proportion of unburned amount based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature value from the reference temperature value, the value obtained by subtracting the burnout length from the reference burnout length, and the value obtained by subtracting the height from the reference height.

[0118] Therefore, by measuring the height of the surface of the incinerated material 400, the combustion device 100 can calculate the proportion of unburned material 400 after it is burned out, and the user of the combustion device 100 can grasp the proportion of unburned material 400 in the incinerated material 400 in real time.

[0119] (6) The combustion device 100 according to the third embodiment includes: a furnace body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22 and a burnout section 23 arranged in the transport direction Da, and dividing the processing space V for drying, combustion and burnout by transporting the incinerated material 400 in the transport direction Da; the combustion device 100 includes: a temperature measuring unit 310 for measuring the temperature of the incinerated material 400 near the end of the transport direction Da section of the flame generated by combustion, i.e., the burnout point Z; and a control unit 350 for controlling the combustion device 100 so that the temperature value is within a preset range.

[0120] Therefore, the combustion device 100 uses the measured temperature of the incinerated material 400 to control the combustion device 100. As a result, the user of the combustion device 100 can appropriately maintain the proportion of unburned material 400 and achieve stable combustion.

[0121] (7) The calculation method involved in this disclosure, the combustion device 100 includes: a furnace body 10, which has a drying section 21, a combustion section 22 and a burnout section 23 arranged in the transport direction Da, and by transporting the incinerated material 400 in the transport direction Da, the processing space V for drying, combustion and burnout are divided respectively.

[0122] The calculation method includes: a step of measuring the temperature of the incinerated material 400 near the end of the Da segment side of the flame transport direction initiated by combustion, i.e., the burnout point Z; and a step of calculating the proportion of unburned material 400 after burnout based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature from a preset reference temperature value.

[0123] Therefore, the combustion device 100 can calculate the proportion of unburned material 400 after it is burned out, and the user of the calculation method can grasp the proportion of unburned material 400 burned by the combustion device 100 in real time.

[0124] (8) The program involved in this disclosure, the combustion device includes: a furnace body 10 having a drying section 21, a combustion section 22 and a burnout section 23 arranged in the transport direction Da, and dividing the processing space V for drying, combustion and burnout by transporting the incinerated material 400 in the transport direction Da; the program causes the computer of the combustion device 100 to perform the following steps: measuring the temperature of the incinerated material 400 near the end of the transport direction Da section of the flame initiated by combustion, i.e., the burnout point Z; and calculating the proportion of unburned amount of the incinerated material 400 after burnout based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature from the value of a preset reference temperature.

[0125] Therefore, the combustion device 100 can calculate the proportion of unburned material 400 after it is burned out, and the user of the program can grasp the proportion of unburned material 400 burned by the combustion device 100 in real time.

[0126] -Industry availability-

[0127] The combustion equipment calculates the proportion of unburned material after combustion based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the measured temperature of the incinerated material from a reference temperature. This allows users of the combustion equipment to monitor the proportion of unburned material in the combustion process in real time.

[0128] -Symbol Explanation-

[0129] 1. Grate Furnace

[0130] 2. Bellows

[0131] 3 hoppers

[0132] 6 grate

[0133] 7. Stove

[0134] 8. Heat recovery boiler

[0135] 9. Cooling Tower

[0136] 10 furnace main bodies

[0137] 11. Dust collection device

[0138] 12 chimneys

[0139] 13 Discharge chute

[0140] 21 Drying Section

[0141] 22 Combustion Section

[0142] 23 Burning Stage

[0143] 31 Feeder

[0144] 100 Combustion Equipment

[0145] 210 Clinker Roller

[0146] 220 camera

[0147] 300 control device

[0148] 305 Acquisition Department

[0149] 310 Temperature Measurement Section

[0150] 320 Length Measuring Section

[0151] 330 Height Measurement Unit

[0152] 340 Computing Unit

[0153] 350 Control Department

[0154] 400 items burned

[0155] 1100 Computers

[0156] 1110 processor

[0157] 1120 Main Memory

[0158] 1130 Memory

[0159] 1140 interface

[0160] L1 Primary Air Pipeline

[0161] L2 Secondary Air Piping

[0162] B1 blower

[0163] F Flame

[0164] Z is the ignition point.

Claims

1. A combustion apparatus comprising: a furnace body having a drying section, a combustion section, and a burnout section arranged in a transport direction, wherein a processing space for drying, combustion, and burnout is divided by transporting a substance to be incinerated in the transport direction; a camera configured to capture images of the processing space; and a feeder for supplying the substance to be incinerated to the drying section. The image data generated by the camera reflects the walls of the furnace body, which divide the processing space, and the flames generated from the incinerated material. The combustion device includes: The temperature measuring unit uses image data captured by the camera to measure the temperature of the incinerated material near the end of the transport direction segment of the flame ignited by combustion, i.e., the burnout point. The length measuring unit uses image data captured by the camera to measure the length from the boundary between the feeder and the drying section to the burnout point, i.e., the burnout length. The height measuring unit uses image data captured by the camera to measure the relative height of the surface of the incinerated material with reference to the wall of the furnace body that divides the processing space, that is, the height of the surface of the incinerated material near the burnout point. as well as The calculation unit substitutes the data obtained from the temperature measuring unit, the length measuring unit, and the height measuring unit into the following formula (1) to calculate the proportion of unburned material after combustion. The proportion of unburned fuel = C + αX1 - βX2 + γX3 ... (1) The reference value C, coefficient α, coefficient β, and coefficient γ are predetermined by measuring the proportion of unburned material to be burned before using the combustion equipment. X1 is the value obtained by subtracting the burnout length measured by the length measuring unit from the preset reference burnout length. X2 is a value obtained by subtracting the surface height of the incinerated material near the burnout point, as measured by the height measuring unit, from a preset reference height. X3 is the value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the incinerated material measured by the temperature measuring unit from the preset reference temperature value.

2. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein, The combustion device also includes a control unit to control the combustion device so that the proportion of unburned material is within a preset range. The preset range is set as follows: the upper limit is the sum of the target unburned quantity ratio, which is determined to be the optimal ratio for stable use of the combustion equipment, and the variation value determined by the user of the combustion equipment considering changes in the use of the combustion equipment; and the lower limit is the difference between the target unburned quantity ratio, which is determined to be the optimal ratio for stable use of the combustion equipment, and the variation value determined by the user of the combustion equipment considering changes in the use of the combustion equipment.

3. The combustion device according to claim 2, wherein, The furnace body includes: a clinker roller for moving the incinerated material from the combustion section; an air box for introducing air into the drying section, the combustion section, and the combustion section respectively; and a grate for conveying the incinerated material in the conveying direction. The control unit controls at least one of the following: the operating interval of the clinker roller; the proportion of air supplied to the combustion section among the air supplied to the drying section, the combustion section, and the burnout section; the operating speed of the grate; and the amount of air supplied to the air box.

4. A calculation method for calculating the proportion of unburned material in a combustion device. The combustion equipment includes: a furnace body having a drying section, a combustion section, and a burnout section arranged in the transport direction, thereby dividing the processing spaces for drying, combustion, and burnout by transporting the incinerated material in the transport direction; a camera configured to capture images of the processing spaces; and a feeder that supplies the incinerated material to the drying section. The image data generated by the camera reflects the walls of the furnace body, which divide the processing space, and the flames generated from the incinerated material. The calculation method has the following characteristics: The step of using image data captured by the camera to determine the temperature of the incinerated material near the end of the transport direction segment of the flame ignited by the combustion, i.e., the burnout point; The step of determining the burnout length, i.e., the length from the boundary between the feeder and the drying section to the burnout point, using image data captured by the camera; The steps of determining the relative height of the surface of the incinerated material, based on the wall of the furnace body dividing the processing space, i.e., the height of the surface of the incinerated material near the burnout point, using image data captured by the camera; and The steps of substituting the data obtained by measuring the temperature of the incinerated material, measuring the burnout length, and measuring the height of the surface of the incinerated material into the following formula (1) are used to calculate the proportion of unburned material after burnout. The proportion of unburned fuel = C + αX1 - βX2 + γX3 ··· (1) in, The reference value C, coefficient α, coefficient β, and coefficient γ are predetermined by actual measurement of the proportion of unburned material to be burned before using the combustion equipment. X1 is the value obtained by subtracting the measured burnout length from the preset baseline burnout length. X2 is a value obtained by subtracting the measured surface height of the incinerated material near the burnout point from a preset reference height. X3 is the value obtained by subtracting the measured temperature of the incinerated material from the preset reference temperature.

5. A program product comprising a program that causes a computer of a combustion device to perform the following steps, The combustion equipment includes: a furnace body having a drying section, a combustion section, and a burnout section arranged in the transport direction, thereby dividing the processing spaces for drying, combustion, and burnout by transporting the incinerated material in the transport direction; a camera configured to capture images of the processing spaces; and a feeder that supplies the incinerated material to the drying section. The image data generated by the camera reflects the walls of the furnace body, which divide the processing space, and the flames generated from the incinerated material. The steps are as follows: The step of using image data captured by the camera to determine the temperature of the incinerated material near the end of the transport direction segment of the flame ignited by the combustion, i.e., the burnout point; The step of determining the burnout length, i.e., the length from the boundary between the feeder and the drying section to the burnout point, using image data captured by the camera; The steps of determining the relative height of the surface of the incinerated material, based on the wall of the furnace body dividing the processing space, i.e., the height of the surface of the incinerated material near the burnout point, using image data captured by the camera; and The steps of substituting the data obtained by measuring the temperature of the incinerated material, measuring the burnout length, and measuring the height of the surface of the incinerated material into the following formula (1) are used to calculate the proportion of unburned material after burnout. The proportion of unburned fuel = C + αX1 - βX2 + γX3 ··· (1) in, The reference value C, coefficient α, coefficient β, and coefficient γ are predetermined by actual measurement of the proportion of unburned material to be burned before using the combustion equipment. X1 is the value obtained by subtracting the measured burnout length from the preset baseline burnout length. X2 is a value obtained by subtracting the measured surface height of the incinerated material near the burnout point from a preset reference height. X3 is the value obtained by subtracting the measured temperature of the incinerated material from the preset reference temperature.

Images