A kind of slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a controlled-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granule and a preparation method and application thereof. The antibacterial fertilizer granule is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: terpene alcohol 0.06-0.14%, tebuconazole 0.07-0.18%, fertilizer 30-65%, sugarcane leaves and defective fruit and vegetable fermentation 15-30%, coating agent 3.25-8%, and the remainder is auxiliary material. The preparation method includes preparing a fertilizer core, an inner coating layer, an organic fertilizer layer, and an outer coating layer. The present invention utilizes the principle of drug-fertilizer interaction, and according to the nutrient characteristics required for different growth periods of sugarcane, different types of fertilizers are compounded with terpene alcohol and tebuconazole, active ingredients of fungicides with antibacterial effects, and combined with coating slow-release technology, while meeting the nutrient requirements of sugarcane in different growth periods, taking into account the inhibition of soil harmful pathogens and the prevention of sugarcane diseases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to a slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granule and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sugarcane yellow spot disease, also known as sugarcane yellow spot disease and red spot disease. It mainly harms young sugarcane leaves, but the unexpanded heart leaves and the first two leaves that have just expanded rarely get sick. Initially, small scattered round or oval yellow spots appear on the tips of relatively young sugarcane leaves. When the disease spreads, the spots gradually merge into large spots with a diameter of 2 cm, and the color changes from yellow to red, so it is also called red spot disease. A light gray mold layer (conidiophores and conidia) often grows on the surface of old spots, mostly on the back of the spots. On the same sugarcane plant, the base leaves get sick first, turn red and dry, while the middle leaves have both yellow and red spots.

[0003] Sugarcane rust is an important disease on sugarcane caused by Puccinia nigra or Puccinia quinquefolia. The disease mainly occurs on leaves. Small yellowish spots appear on the diseased leaves at first, and then the spots extend parallel to the veins, changing color to orange-brown to dark brown. There are reports of damage in many sugarcane-growing countries and regions in the world. There are scattered cases in various sugarcane areas in my country. In recent years, the local sugarcane areas in Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan have been more serious and have a tendency to spread.

[0004] Terpene alcohol is an extract of Melaleuca alternifolia, a new type of plant-derived fungicide, which also has the function of biostimulant. As a biofungicide, it has protective and therapeutic effects and can prevent and treat plant diseases caused by various fungi and bacteria. 16 H 22 ClN3O is a highly efficient, broad-spectrum, systemic triazole fungicide pesticide with three functions: protection, treatment, and eradication. It has a broad fungicide spectrum and a long lasting effect. Tebuconazole can inhibit the demethylation of ergosterol on the fungal cell membrane, making it impossible for the bacteria to form a cell membrane, thereby killing the bacteria. This product is used to prevent and control sugarcane fungal diseases such as sugarcane rust, sugarcane brown streak, and sugarcane yellow spot. It not only has good prevention effect, but also has the characteristics of anti-lodging and obvious yield-increasing effects.

[0005] Sugarcane is the main raw material for sugar production in my country, and is also an important raw material for light industry, chemical industry and energy. Therefore, the development of sugarcane production plays an important role in improving people's lives, promoting the development of agriculture and related industries, and even the development of the entire national economy. Sugarcane has a long growth period, tall plants and high yields. During the entire growth period, the amount of fertilizer applied is one of the main factors determining the yield. Since sugarcane requires a large amount of fertilizer, fertilizer accounts for a large proportion of the cost of sugarcane production. Therefore, it is of great significance to correctly master the fertilization technology, to achieve timely and appropriate amounts, and to maximize the sugarcane's need for fertilizer. According to the fertilizer requirements of sugarcane in different growth periods, the principle of conventional fertilization is: "heavy basal fertilizer, timely and staged topdressing". If only topdressing is applied without basal fertilizer, the sugarcane will easily grow: top-heavy, thick on the top and thin on the bottom, and easy to fall over. On the contrary, if only basal fertilizer is applied without topdressing, the stamina is insufficient, forming "rat-tail sugarcane", which affects the yield. After the fertilizer is coated, its nutrient release rate is slower than that of quick-acting fertilizers or uncoated fertilizers, and the nutrient lasts for a long time. This can effectively avoid the loss and waste of nutrients due to rain, erosion or microbial decomposition after the crops cannot absorb them after a one-time rapid release of nutrients. It can also reduce the number of topdressing of sugarcane and reduce the cost of fertilization.

[0006] Therefore, combining the slow-release coating technology with fungicides and fertilizers to form a slow-release antibacterial fertilizer can effectively meet the needs of sugarcane planting management, and prevent diseases while applying fertilizers. On the one hand, it can effectively improve the utilization rate of fertilizers and reduce the cost of fertilization, and on the other hand, it can effectively prevent sugarcane diseases. In addition, the organic fertilizer layer in the fertilizer particles can increase soil organic matter, promote waste utilization, and improve the rural environment. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing products such as easy volatilization and waste, low fertilizer efficiency, inability to prevent diseases, and inability to meet the growth needs of sugarcane at different stages, and provides a slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granule and a preparation method and application thereof, which has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, environmental protection, and easy acquisition of raw materials.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0009] A slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granule comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.06-0.14% of terpene alcohol, 0.07-0.18% of tebuconazole, 30-60% of fertilizer, 15-30% of sugarcane leaves and fermented products of defective fruits and vegetables, 3.25-8% of a coating agent, and the remainder is auxiliary materials; the auxiliary materials comprise at least one of an adsorbent, a binder, and a filler, and paraffin.

[0010] Furthermore, the antibacterial fertilizer particles include a fertilizer core, an inner coating layer, an organic fertilizer layer and an outer coating layer, which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The components of the fertilizer core include the terpene alcohol, tebuconazole, fertilizer and auxiliary materials; the components of the inner coating layer and the outer coating layer include the coating agent; and the components of the organic fertilizer layer include the fermented sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables and auxiliary materials.

[0011] Furthermore, the fertilizer includes at least one of urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The selection and proportion of the fertilizer can be adjusted according to the growth period and growth conditions of the sugarcane.

[0012] Furthermore, the adsorbent is one or a mixture of bagasse microcrystalline cellulose, diatomaceous earth, and new bamboo charcoal;

[0013] The binder is one or a mixture of plant glue, animal glue, polyethylene glycol;

[0014] The filler is one or a mixture of kaolin, attapulgite, bentonite;

[0015] The paraffin wax is slicing paraffin wax.

[0016] Furthermore, the coating agent is one or a mixture of alkaline lignin, natural lignin, starch.

[0017] Furthermore, the material mass ratio of the coating agent to the fertilizer core is controlled between 1:20 and 1:40.

[0018] Furthermore, the fermentation raw materials of the fermented product of sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables include the following components by weight: 50-55 parts of defective fruits and vegetables, 40-45 parts of sugarcane leaves, and 2-5 parts of urea;

[0019] The fermentation agent of the fermented product of sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables comprises: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and cellulase, the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis is 0.1%, the inoculation amount of Bacillus licheniformis is 0.1%, and the inoculation amount of cellulase is 0.01%;

[0020] The method for preparing the fermented product of sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1: Crush the defective fruits and vegetables and sugarcane leaves separately for later use;

[0022] S2: Mixing the crushed defective fruits and vegetables, crushed sugarcane leaves, urea, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and cellulase, adjusting the moisture content to 55-60%, and fermenting at 25-35° C. for 15-20 days;

[0023] S3: drying the fermentation product at 102° C. to obtain the sugarcane leaves and defective fruit and vegetable fermentation product.

[0024] Another technical solution of the present application: The preparation method of the above-mentioned slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules comprises the following steps:

[0025] A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: crushing and mixing the terpene alcohol, tebuconazole, fertilizer and adsorbent and / or filler in the auxiliary materials, adding a binder, and slowly adding the materials into a disc granulator after sufficient mixing to obtain spherical particles; drying and sieving to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size;

[0026] B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: adding the fertilizer core particles and the coating material into a disc granulator, spraying a binder to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core granules, and obtaining coated fertilizer particles after drying;

[0027] C. Wrapping the organic fertilizer layer: crush the sugarcane leaves, the fermented products of inferior fruits and vegetables, and the fillers, mix them evenly, add the coated fertilizer particles prepared in step B, spray a binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and obtain the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles after drying.

[0028] D. Wrap the outer layer of the coating: add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and the coating material into the disc granulator, spray the binder to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules.

[0029] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules in sugarcane planting and disease prevention.

[0030] Furthermore, the above application specifically includes: during sugarcane planting and inter-cultivation, applying the antibacterial fertilizer granules on the sugarcane rows and covering with soil; the usage amount of the antibacterial fertilizer granules is calculated based on the effective ingredient of tebuconazole: 15-20kg / mu of sugarcane.

[0031] In view of this, the present invention has the following remarkable effects:

[0032] (1) The combination of terpene alcohol and tebuconazole has a good synergistic effect, which can effectively inhibit soil harmful pathogens and improve the disease resistance of sugarcane.

[0033] (2) The rational mixing of fungicide and fertilizer formula, combined with the slow-release coating technology, can not only achieve the purpose of normal fertilization of sugarcane, but also effectively inhibit harmful soil pathogens, prevent sugarcane diseases, and improve the effective utilization rate of fertilizers.

[0034] (3) The present invention also has an organic fertilizer layer. By rationally utilizing defective fruits and vegetables and sugarcane leaves, organic fertilizer is produced through microbial fermentation technology, which can rationally utilize resources, increase the content of soil organic matter, and also increase the content of effective ingredients in the soil, especially the content of medium and trace nutrients.

[0035] (4) Since the antibacterial fertilizer granules of the present invention have good prevention effects on sugarcane diseases, they can effectively reduce the management costs of sugarcane growers and achieve the purpose of reducing the use of pesticides and fertilizers, effectively helping to improve the quality and efficiency of sugarcane planting management. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more concise and clear, the present invention is described with the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is by no means limited to these examples. The following is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is only used to describe the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] The preparation of the fermented sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables used in this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] The fermentation raw materials of the fermented product of sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables include the following components by weight: 50 parts of defective fruits and vegetables, 45 parts of sugarcane leaves, and 2 parts of urea;

[0039] The fermentation agent of the fermented product of sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables comprises: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and cellulase, the effective viable bacteria count of Bacillus subtilis is ≥100 billion cfu / g, the effective viable bacteria count of Bacillus licheniformis is ≥100 billion cfu / g; the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis is 0.1%, the inoculation amount of Bacillus licheniformis is 0.1%, and the inoculation amount of cellulase is 0.01%;

[0040] The method for preparing the fermented product of sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1: Crush the defective fruits and vegetables and sugarcane leaves separately for later use;

[0042] S2: Mixing the crushed defective fruits and vegetables, crushed sugarcane leaves, urea, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and cellulase, adjusting the moisture content to 55-60%, and fermenting at 25-35°C for 20 days;

[0043] S3: drying the fermentation product at 102° C. to obtain the sugarcane leaves and defective fruit and vegetable fermentation product.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] The mass percentage of each component of the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment is:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] The preparation method of the slow-release and controlled-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0049] A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: crushing and mixing the terpene alcohol, bagasse microcrystalline cellulose, tebuconazole, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate, adding 1% of a plant gum binder, mixing well and slowly adding the materials into a disc granulator to obtain spherical particles; drying and sieving to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size;

[0050] B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: Add the fertilizer core particles and 0.76% natural lignin into a disc granulator, spray a small amount of water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core particles, and obtain coated fertilizer particles after drying;

[0051] C. Wrapping the organic fertilizer layer: crush and mix the fermented sugarcane leaves, defective fruits and kaolin, add the coated fertilizer granules prepared in step B, spray 3% plant gum binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and obtain the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer granules after drying.

[0052] D. Wrapping the outer layer of the coating: Add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and 2.74% natural lignin into a disc granulator, spray water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer particles.

[0053] The nutrient content of the slow-release fertilizer obtained in this example is N:P2O5:K2O=8:4:6, and it can be used as a topdressing fertilizer for sugarcane. The method of using it is as follows: sprinkle it on the sugarcane rows during the tillage and soiling of sugarcane, 20kg / mu, and cover with soil.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The mass percentage of each component of the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment is:

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] The preparation method of the slow-release and controlled-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0059] A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: terpene alcohol, diatomaceous earth, tebuconazole, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate are crushed and mixed uniformly, and then 1% animal glue binder is added. After fully mixing, the materials are slowly added into a disc granulator to obtain spherical particles; after drying, the particles are sieved to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size;

[0060] B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: Add the fertilizer core particles and 1% alkaline lignin into a disc granulator, spray a small amount of water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core particles, and obtain coated fertilizer particles after drying;

[0061] C. Coating the organic fertilizer layer: crush and mix the fermented sugarcane leaves, defective fruits and kaolin, add the coated fertilizer granules prepared in step B, spray 5% animal glue binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and obtain the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer granules after drying.

[0062] D. Wrapping the outer layer of the coating: Add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and 3% alkaline lignin into the disc granulator, spray water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer particles.

[0063] The nutrient content of the slow-release fertilizer obtained in this example is N:P2O5:K2O=6:5:7, and it can be used as a topdressing fertilizer for sugarcane. The method of using it is as follows: sprinkle it on the sugarcane rows during the tillage and soiling of sugarcane, 19kg / mu, and cover with soil.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] The mass percentage of each component of the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment is:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] The preparation method of the slow-release and controlled-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0069] A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: terpene alcohol, new bamboo charcoal, tebuconazole, ammonium chloride, diammonium phosphate and potassium nitrate are crushed and mixed uniformly, and then 2% polyethylene glycol binder is added. After fully mixing, the materials are slowly added into a disc granulator to obtain spherical particles; after drying, the materials are sieved to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size;

[0070] B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: Add the fertilizer core particles and 2% alkaline lignin into a disc granulator, spray a small amount of water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core particles, and obtain coated fertilizer particles after drying;

[0071] C. Coating the organic fertilizer layer: crush and mix the fermented sugarcane leaves, defective fruits and attapulgite evenly, add the coated fertilizer granules prepared in step B, spray 5% polyethylene glycol binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and obtain the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer granules after drying.

[0072] D. Wrapping the outer layer of the coating: Add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and 4% alkaline lignin into a disc granulator, spray water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer particles.

[0073] The nutrient content of the slow-release fertilizer obtained in this example is N:P2O5:K2O=7:4:9, and it can be used as a topdressing fertilizer for sugarcane. The method of using it is as follows: sprinkle it on the sugarcane rows during the tillage and soiling of sugarcane, 18kg / mu, and cover with soil.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] The mass percentage of each component of the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment is:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] The preparation method of the slow-release and controlled-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0079] A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: terpene alcohol, bagasse microcrystalline cellulose, tebuconazole, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are crushed and mixed evenly, and then 3% of a plant gum binder is added. After fully mixing, the materials are slowly added into a disc granulator to obtain spherical particles; after drying, the materials are sieved to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size;

[0080] B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: Add the fertilizer core particles and 2% natural lignin into a disc granulator, spray a small amount of water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core particles, and obtain coated fertilizer particles after drying;

[0081] C. Coating the organic fertilizer layer: crush and mix the fermented sugarcane leaves, defective fruits and attapulgite evenly, add the coated fertilizer granules prepared in step B, spray 4% animal glue binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and obtain the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer granules after drying.

[0082] D. Wrapping the outer layer of the coating: Add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and 6% natural lignin into the disc granulator, spray water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer particles.

[0083] The nutrient content of the slow-release fertilizer obtained in this example is N:P2O5:K2O=7:5:7, and it can be used as a base fertilizer or topdressing fertilizer for sugarcane. The method of using it is as follows: sprinkle it on the sugarcane rows during sugarcane planting or inter-cultivation, 17kg / mu, and cover with soil.

[0084] Example 5

[0085] The mass percentage of each component of the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment is:

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] The preparation method of the slow-release and controlled-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0089] A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: terpene alcohol, diatomaceous earth, tebuconazole, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, and attapulgite are crushed and mixed evenly, and then 4% of a plant glue binder is added. After fully mixing, the materials are slowly added into a disc granulator to obtain spherical particles; after drying, the particles are sieved to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size;

[0090] B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: Add the fertilizer core particles and 3% alkaline lignin into a disc granulator, spray a small amount of water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core particles, and obtain coated fertilizer particles after drying;

[0091] C. Coating the organic fertilizer layer: crush and mix the fermented sugarcane leaves, defective fruits and kaolin, add the coated fertilizer granules prepared in step B, spray 4% animal glue binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and obtain the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer granules after drying.

[0092] D. Wrapping the outer layer of the coating: Add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and 4% alkaline lignin into a disc granulator, spray water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer particles.

[0093] The nutrient content of the slow-release fertilizer obtained in this embodiment is N:P2O5:K2O=8:5:6, and it can be used as a base fertilizer or topdressing fertilizer for sugarcane. The method of using it is: sprinkle it on the sugarcane rows during sugarcane planting or inter-cultivation, 16kg / mu, and cover with soil.

[0094] Example 6

[0095] The mass percentage of each component of the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment is:

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] The preparation method of the slow-release and controlled-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0099] A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: terpene alcohol, new bamboo charcoal, tebuconazole, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are crushed and mixed uniformly, and then an animal glue binder is added. After fully mixing, the materials are slowly added into a disc granulator to obtain spherical particles; after drying, the materials are sieved to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size;

[0100] B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: Add the fertilizer core particles and 3% natural lignin into a disc granulator, spray a small amount of water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core particles, and obtain coated fertilizer particles after drying;

[0101] C. Coating the organic fertilizer layer: crush and mix the fermented sugarcane leaves, defective fruits and bentonite evenly, add the coated fertilizer granules prepared in step B, spray polyethylene glycol binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and obtain the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer granules after drying.

[0102] D. Wrapping the outer layer of the coating: Add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and 4% natural lignin into the disc granulator, spray water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer particles.

[0103] The nutrient content of the slow-release fertilizer obtained in this embodiment is N:P2O5:K2O=9:6:11, and it can be used as a sugarcane base fertilizer. The method of using it is: sprinkle it on the sugarcane rows during sugarcane planting, 15kg / mu, and cover with soil.

[0104] Example 7

[0105] The mass percentage of each component of the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment is:

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] The preparation method of the slow-release and controlled-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0109] A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: terpene alcohol, diatomaceous earth, tebuconazole, urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride are crushed and mixed uniformly, and then 2% polyethylene glycol binder is added. After fully mixing, the materials are slowly added into a disc granulator to obtain spherical particles; after drying, the materials are sieved to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size;

[0110] B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: Add the fertilizer core particles and 3% natural lignin into a disc granulator, spray a small amount of water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core particles, and obtain coated fertilizer particles after drying;

[0111] C. Coating the organic fertilizer layer: crush and mix the fermented sugarcane leaves, defective fruits and bentonite evenly, add the coated fertilizer granules prepared in step B, spray 1% polyethylene glycol binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and obtain the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer granules after drying.

[0112] D. Wrapping the outer layer of the coating: Add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and 4% natural lignin into the disc granulator, spray water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer particles.

[0113] The nutrient content of the slow-release fertilizer obtained in this embodiment is N:P2O5:K2O=9:6:11, and it can be used as a sugarcane base fertilizer. The method of using it is: sprinkle it on the sugarcane rows during sugarcane planting, 16kg / mu, and cover with soil.

[0114] Example 8

[0115] The mass percentage of each component of the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment is:

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] The preparation method of the slow-release and controlled-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0119] A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: terpene alcohol, new bamboo charcoal, tebuconazole, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are crushed and mixed evenly, and then 3% animal glue binder is added. After fully mixing, the materials are slowly added into a disc granulator to obtain spherical particles; after drying, the materials are sieved to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size;

[0120] B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: Add the fertilizer core particles and 3% alkaline lignin into a disc granulator, spray a small amount of water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core particles, and obtain coated fertilizer particles after drying;

[0121] C. Wrapping the organic fertilizer layer: crush the fermented sugarcane leaves, defective fruits and kaolin and mix them evenly, add the coated fertilizer granules prepared in step B, spray 2% animal glue binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and obtain the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer granules after drying.

[0122] D. Wrapping the outer layer of the coating: Add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and 5% alkaline lignin into a disc granulator, spray water to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer particles.

[0123] The nutrient content of the slow-release fertilizer obtained in this embodiment is N:P2O5:K2O=12:5:9, and it can be used as a sugarcane base fertilizer. The method of using it is: sprinkle it on the sugarcane rows during sugarcane planting, 15kg / mu, and cover with soil.

[0124] Example 9

[0125] The nitrogen release rate of the slow-release fertilizer in some embodiments of the present invention was determined with reference to the national standard (GB / T) 23348-2009 for slow-release fertilizers.

[0126] Examples 1, 3, 5, 7, and 8 were used as test samples, and common fertilizers with nutrient contents equivalent to these fertilizers (no coating agent and paraffin were added during granulation, and the excess was supplemented with inert fillers such as kaolin, bentonite or attapulgite powder, and no coating treatment was performed).

[0127] The ratio noted in ordinary fertilizers refers to the ratio of N:P2O5:K2O.

[0128] Table 1 Comparison of nitrogen nutrient release rates of slow-release fertilizers and common fertilizers in some embodiments of the present invention

[0129]

[0130] As can be seen from Table 1, the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules prepared by the method of the present application have a slow-release effect compared with ordinary fertilizers, which can prolong the fertilizer effect and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer.

[0131] Example 10

[0132] Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were used as test samples, and ordinary fertilizers with corresponding nutrient contents were used as sample controls (the preparation method of ordinary fertilizers is shown in Example 9, and the ratio of ordinary fertilizers noted refers to the ratio of N: P2O5: K2O). Treatments 1, 2, 3, and 4 were used as control groups of fertilizer samples containing only terpene alcohols or tebuconazole (the manufacturing processes were the same as in Examples 1 and 5, respectively), and a blank control was set up to determine the inhibitory effect of the test samples on sugarcane variety Guitang No. 42 sugarcane rust.

[0133] Refer to the survey method of Gramineae rust: the experiment has 15 treatments. The plots are arranged in random blocks, each treatment is repeated 3 times, and the area of ​​each plot is 20m 2, a total of 45 plots. The amount of pesticides and fertilizers per mu was based on the recommended dosage. The survey method was to sample at 5 diagonal points, survey 5 points in each plot, and survey 10 connected sugarcane plants at each point. A total of 50 plants were surveyed in each plot, and the classification was based on the percentage of the diseased area on each leaf to the entire leaf area.

[0134] Level 0: no lesions; Level 1: the area of ​​lesions accounts for less than 5% of the total area; Level 3: the area of ​​lesions accounts for 6% to 25% of the total area; Level 5: the area of ​​lesions accounts for 26% to 50% of the total area; Level 7: the area of ​​lesions accounts for 51% to 75% of the total area; Level 9: the area of ​​lesions accounts for more than 75% of the total area.

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] Table 2 Control effect of slow-release fertilizers on sugarcane diseases in some embodiments of the present invention

[0138]

[0139] As shown in Table 2, after adding terpene alcohol or tebuconazole to the fertilizer, the sugarcane diseases were reduced. The combination of terpene alcohol and tebuconazole has a good synergistic effect, which can effectively inhibit soil harmful pathogens and improve the disease resistance of sugarcane.

[0140] Embodiment 11

[0141] According to the different types of fertilizers, three treatments were set, namely, treatment one, Example 5 (basal fertilizer) + Example 3 (topdressing), treatment two, drug fertilizer control 5 (basal fertilizer) + drug fertilizer control 3 (topdressing), the components of drug fertilizer control 5 and drug fertilizer control 3 were the same as those of Example 5 and Example 3, respectively, and the preparation method was simple mixing and then single-layer coating, treatment three, ordinary fertilizer 5 (basal fertilizer) + ordinary fertilizer 3 (topdressing), the preparation method of ordinary fertilizer was shown in Example 9, the sugarcane variety was Guitang No. 42, the planting measures were carried out by mechanical operation, basal fertilizer was applied during planting, and the amount of fertilizer applied ensured that the total nutrient content of the fertilizer applied in each treatment was the same. Topdressing was performed once during inter-cultivation and soiling, and topdressing was performed on the sugarcane row, and fertilization and soiling were mechanized. Plant height and diameter were measured once 3 months after planting, and then the growth index of sugarcane in each treatment was investigated every 10 days.

[0142] Table 3 Effects of different treatments on sugarcane plant height and diameter growth

[0143]

[0144] As can be seen from Table 3, although the plant height of the medicated fertilizer of the present application is not as high as that of ordinary fertilizer at three months, its effect will become more prominent as time goes by. Using a coating material to separate the core of organic fertilizer and medicated fertilizer (treatment one) can more effectively avoid the influence of medicated fertilizer on the microbial activity in fruit and vegetable waste and sugarcane leaf fermentation products, which is more conducive to the growth of sugarcane, compared with simple mixing and only one layer of coating (treatment two).

[0145] Example 12

[0146] Example 7 was used as the test sample. The application amount was calculated as 16 kg / mu, and ordinary fertilizers (not coated, directly mixed and granulated) containing the same nutrient content, the same amount of sugarcane leaves and defective fruit and vegetable fermentation products and ordinary fertilizers containing only the same nutrient content were used as controls to compare the effects of the two fertilizers on soil improvement. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and soil samples were taken 60 days after topdressing to detect soil pH, EC value and soil granules. The determination of soil particle size is to identify soil texture. The soil texture classification method refers to the American soil classification standard: 1000-2000μm is very coarse sand; 500-1000μm is coarse sand; 250-500μm is medium sand; 100-250 is fine sand; 50-100μm is very fine sand; 2-50μm is powder; <2μm is clay.

[0147] Table 4 Effects of different fertilizer treatments on soil physical and chemical properties

[0148]

[0149] The data show that adding sugarcane leaves and fermented products of inferior fruits and vegetables to medicated fertilizers or fertilizers can stabilize soil pH to a certain extent, slow down the process of soil acidification, increase the content of clay and silt particles in the soil, and improve the air permeability and water and fertilizer retention properties of the soil to a certain extent. In addition, using coating materials to separate the cores of organic fertilizers and medicated fertilizers can more effectively avoid the influence of medicated fertilizers on the microbial activity in fruit and vegetable waste and fermented products of sugarcane leaves.

[0150] In summary, the present invention utilizes the principle of drug-fertilizer interaction, and according to the characteristics of nutrients required at different growth stages of sugarcane, different types of fertilizers are compounded with terpene alcohols and tebuconazole, active ingredients of fungicides with antibacterial effects, and combined with coating sustained-release technology. While meeting the nutrient requirements of sugarcane at different growth stages, it also takes into account the inhibition of harmful pathogens in the soil and the prevention of sugarcane diseases.

[0151] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granule, characterized in that: The antibacterial fertilizer granules include the following components in percentage by mass: 0.06-0.14% of terpene alcohol, 0.07-0.18% of tebuconazole, 30-60% of fertilizer, 15-30% of sugarcane leaves and fermented products of defective fruits and vegetables, 3.25-8% of coating agent, and the remainder is auxiliary materials; The antibacterial fertilizer granules include a fertilizer core, an inner coating layer, an organic fertilizer layer and an outer coating layer, which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The components of the drug fertilizer core include the terpene alcohol, tebuconazole, fertilizer and auxiliary materials; the fertilizer includes at least one of urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate; The components of the inner layer and the outer layer of the coating include the coating agent; the coating agent is one or a mixture of alkaline lignin, natural lignin, starch; the mass ratio of the coating agent to the fertilizer core is controlled between 1:20 and 1:40; The components of the organic fertilizer layer include the fermented sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables and auxiliary materials; The auxiliary materials include at least one of an adsorbent, a binder, a filler and paraffin; the adsorbent is one or a mixture of bagasse microcrystalline cellulose, diatomaceous earth, and new bamboo charcoal; the binder is one or a mixture of plant glue, animal glue, and polyethylene glycol; the filler is one or a mixture of kaolin, attapulgite, and bentonite; the paraffin is sliced ​​paraffin; The fermentation raw materials of the fermented product of sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables include the following components by weight: 50-55 parts of defective fruits and vegetables, 40-45 parts of sugarcane leaves, and 2-5 parts of urea; The fermentation agent of the fermented product of sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables comprises: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and cellulase, the inoculation amount of Bacillus subtilis is 0.1%, the inoculation amount of Bacillus licheniformis is 0.1%, and the inoculation amount of cellulase is 0.01%; The method for preparing the fermented product of sugarcane leaves and defective fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps: S1: Crush the defective fruits and vegetables and sugarcane leaves separately for later use; S2: Mixing the crushed defective fruits and vegetables, crushed sugarcane leaves, urea, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and cellulase, adjusting the moisture content to 55-60%, and fermenting at 25-35°C for 15-20 days; S3: drying the fermentation product at 102° C. to obtain the sugarcane leaves and defective fruit and vegetable fermentation products; the method for preparing the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules comprises the following steps: A. Preparation of the fertilizer core: crushing and mixing the terpene alcohol, tebuconazole, fertilizer and adsorbent and / or filler in the auxiliary materials, adding a binder, and slowly adding the materials into a disc granulator after sufficient mixing to obtain spherical particles; drying and sieving to obtain fertilizer core particles with uniform particle size; B. Wrapping the inner layer of the coating: adding the fertilizer core particles and the coating material into a disc granulator, spraying a binder to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer core granules, and obtaining coated fertilizer particles after drying; C. Coating the organic fertilizer layer: crushing and mixing sugarcane leaves, defective fruit and vegetable fermentation products, and fillers, adding the coated fertilizer particles prepared in step B, spraying a binder to make the organic fertilizer adhere to the surface of the granules, and drying to obtain organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles; D. Wrap the outer layer of the coating: add the organic fertilizer layer fertilizer particles and the coating material into the disc granulator, spray the binder to make the coating material adhere to the surface of the fertilizer granules, add paraffin wax to seal after drying, and obtain the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules.

2. Use of the slow-release sugarcane antibacterial fertilizer granules as claimed in claim 1 in sugarcane planting and disease prevention.

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