A method for automatically converting marine sediment type data in marine surveys

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for automatically converting marine bottom sediment type data from marine surveys. The method has the following main technical features: directly converting the first-level nomenclature of classic bottom sediment data classification into the first-level nomenclature of nautical chart diagram grain size classification; directly converting the rock, coarse gravel, medium gravel, very coarse sand, coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, very fine sand, coarse silt, medium silt, fine silt, very fine silt, and fine clay in the second-level nomenclature of classic bottom sediment data classification into the second-level nomenclature of nautical chart diagram grain size classification; and processing the classification conversion of fine gravel and coarse clay in the second-level nomenclature of classic bottom sediment data classification based on the original data grain size range or φ value interval. The method has a rational design and realizes the automatic conversion function from classic grain size classification data to nautical chart diagram grain size data, fully utilizing the classic grain size classification data resources. The converted results can be directly applied to the field of nautical chart drawing, greatly improving the processing efficiency of nautical chart drawing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nautical chart making, relates to ocean bottom sediment particle size analysis data, and in particular to an automatic conversion method for ocean bottom sediment type data in ocean surveys. Background Art

[0002] The classification and nomenclature of marine sediment grain size has varied during different periods of geological surveys in my country, including the classic marine sediment grain size classification standard and the chart-based marine sediment grain size classification standard.

[0003] The classic marine sediment grain size classification standard consists of two phases. Before 1992, the sediment grain size classification and nomenclature system, primarily based on the 1975 "Marine Survey Specifications," primarily followed the classification system based on four particle size components: gravel, sand, silt, and clay. Components with a percentage greater than 20% were included in the nomenclature, with components listed from left to right in descending order of content. When three particle size components in a sample each accounted for more than 20%, a three-part nomenclature system was adopted, resulting in the designation sand-silt-clay. This system was adopted in the "National Coastal and Tidal Flat Resources Comprehensive Survey" in the early 1980s and is still in use today. The 1992 "Marine Survey Specifications" adopted the Sheppard method for marine sediment grain size classification, using sand, silt, and clay as the three components. Small amounts of gravel in the sample not included in the grain size analysis were described in text or marked with symbols when compiling maps. The "Marine Survey Code Part 8: Marine Geological and Geophysical Survey" (GB / T 12763.8-2007) stipulates that the classification and naming of sediments should generally adopt the Sheppard method, and the Focke-Walker method can also be used. A small amount of gravel should be described in words or marked when compiling a map. The "Technical Regulations for Marine Sediment Surveys" of the recent my country's Offshore Comprehensive Survey and Evaluation Special Project (908) stipulates that the Sheppard method should be used in formal reports, and as a transition, the Focke method should be attached to the report appendix; and a small amount of gravel should also be described in words or marked when compiling a map. Figure 1 The particle size analysis standard for sediments (the Euden-Wind Fahrenheit proportional Φ value particle size standard) is given.

[0004] The marine bottom sediment particle size classification standard for nautical chart diagrams adopts the marine bottom sediment particle size classification rules in GB12319-1998 "Chinese Nautical Chart Diagrams". Marine bottom sediment types are divided into four types according to particle diameter: the first-level classification is named rock, stone, sand, and mud; and the second-level classification is named rock, pebble, round gravel, gravel, coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, silt, and clay. Figure 2 The names of particle size classifications and particle size ranges in nautical charts are given.

[0005] Since there are some differences between the classic marine bottom sediment particle size classification standard and the nautical chart type marine bottom sediment particle size classification standard in terms of classification, naming and value range, the classic particle size classification data collected in the early stage using the classic marine bottom sediment particle size classification standard cannot be directly applied to the existing nautical chart type system. Therefore, how to automatically convert the classic particle size classification data into nautical chart type particle size data is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and propose a method for automatically converting marine bottom sediment type data in marine surveys to solve the problem of automatic conversion between existing classic particle size classification data and chart graphic particle size data.

[0007] The present invention solves the existing technical problems by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for automatically converting marine bottom sediment type data in marine surveys comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Convert the first-level nomenclature of the classic bottom data classification directly to the first-level nomenclature of the chart pattern granularity classification;

[0010] Step 2: Convert the rock, coarse gravel, medium gravel, very coarse sand, coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, very fine sand, coarse silt, medium silt, fine silt, very fine silt, and fine clay in the secondary naming of the classic bottom data classification directly to the secondary naming of the nautical chart grain size classification; convert the classification of fine gravel and coarse clay in the secondary naming of the classic bottom data classification according to the original data particle size range or φ value interval, among which fine gravel with a particle size range of 8-4 is converted to rounded gravel in the nautical chart diagram, fine gravel with a particle size range of 4-2 needs to be converted to gravel in the nautical chart diagram, coarse clay with a particle size range of 0.004->0.002 is converted to silt in the nautical chart diagram, and coarse clay with a particle size range of 0.002->0.001 is converted to clay in the nautical chart diagram.

[0011] Furthermore, the method for classifying and converting coarse clay comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 2.1: Obtain the percentages of different particle size intervals of the sample and calculate the percentages of major particle sizes according to the requirements of the chart diagram;

[0013] Step 2.2: Based on the statistical results, determine whether the percentage of a single particle size exceeds 66.7%. If so, proceed to step 2.3; otherwise, proceed to step 2.4.

[0014] Step 2.3: Determine whether the percentage of any other particle size exceeds 30% of the total. If so, characterize it as a mixed sediment with different components, with the component with the higher content first, indicating that the sand content is greater than the mud content. Otherwise, characterize it as a single-type sediment. If the result is mud, further verify the percentage of silt and clay, and then assign the name to the component with the higher content, using 66.7% as the standard. If none of the above are met, assign it to mud.

[0015] Step 2.4: Verify that the sum of the two most abundant fractions exceeds 75% of the total, and that each fraction accounts for at least 25%. If so, proceed to Step 2.5. Otherwise, the marine sediment is named as a single-nature sediment. If the result is mud, further verify the percentage of silt and clay, and then assign the name to the component with the highest content, using 66.7% as the standard. If neither of these percentages is met, assign the name mud.

[0016] Step 2.5: Continue to verify whether the percentage of the two component fractions exceeds 10%. If so, proceed to step 2.6. Otherwise, characterize it as a composite or mixed substrate and name it according to the two fractions, with the component with the higher content placed first.

[0017] Step 2.6, continue to determine whether the remaining 25% of the particle size components are single, and take the remaining 25% components into the calculation. If so, in the most extreme case, one particle size component is 50%, and the other two are about 25% each. At this time, it is set as a composite substrate of three types, and the names are named from the front to the back in terms of percentage content from the highest to the lowest; otherwise, the particle size whose sum of the main content accounts for more than 75% of the total is named as the component, forming a mixed substrate, and the two components with higher content are placed in front.

[0018] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention is rationally designed. It establishes a comparison relationship for ocean bottom sediment particle size classification conversion by analyzing the similarities and differences between the classic ocean bottom sediment particle size classification standard and the chart diagram ocean bottom sediment particle size classification standard, thereby realizing the automatic conversion function between the classic particle size classification data and the chart diagram particle size data. The entire conversion process is fully automatic and does not require human intervention. The present invention makes full use of the classic particle size classification data resources. The results obtained after conversion can be directly applied to the field of nautical chart making, greatly improving the processing efficiency of nautical chart making. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the classic marine sediment particle size classification standard;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the standard for the classification of grain size of marine bottom sediments in nautical charts;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the particle size classification and conversion of ocean bottom sediments according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 The ocean bottom data conversion comparison diagram of the present invention (classical conversion to ocean bottom data conversion Figure 1 level naming);

[0024] Figure 5 The ocean bottom data conversion comparison diagram of the present invention (classical conversion to ocean bottom data conversion Figure 2 level naming);

[0025] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the method for automatically converting ocean bottom sediment type data in ocean surveys of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The design idea of ​​the present invention is: to analyze the classic marine bottom sediment particle size classification and naming method and the chart diagram bottom sediment representation method. First, the particle size ranges of different major categories in the two classification methods are different, and secondly, the names are slightly different in the subdivisions. The conversion between the two classification methods follows the following conversion rules (sediment particle diameter is represented by D): boulder -> rock (D>256mm), medium gravel + gravel + sandy gravel -> stone (256mm>D>2mm), very coarse sand + coarse sand + medium sand + fine sand + very fine sand -> sand (2mm>D>0.0625mm), silt + clay -> mud (D<0.0625mm). Through the above analysis, we get the following Figure 3 The following table shows the conversion relationship between the particle size classification of marine sediments.

[0028] Based on the above-mentioned ocean bottom sediment particle size classification conversion comparison table, the present invention proposes a method for automatically converting ocean bottom sediment type data in ocean surveys, which realizes the function of converting classic bottom sediment data classification to chart-based bottom sediment classification, including the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Convert the first-level naming of the classic bottom data classification directly to the first-level naming of the chart pattern granularity classification.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, the first-level names of the converted classic bottom data classification: rock, gravel (G), sand (S), silt (T) + clay (mud) (Y) correspond to the first-level names of the nautical chart grain size classification: rock R, stone St, sand S and mud M.

[0031] Step 2: Convert some secondary names of the classic bottom data classification directly to the secondary names of the grain size classification in the chart diagram, including rock, coarse gravel, medium gravel, very coarse sand, coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, very fine sand, coarse silt, medium silt, fine silt, very fine silt and fine clay; convert the classification of fine gravel and coarse clay according to the original data particle size range or φ value interval, where fine gravel with a particle size range of 8-4 is converted to rounded gravel in the chart diagram, and fine gravel with a particle size range of 4-2 is converted to gravel in the chart diagram; coarse clay with a particle size range of 0.004->0.002 is converted to silt in the chart diagram, and coarse clay with a particle size range of 0.002->0.001 is converted to clay in the chart diagram, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0032] In this step, the coarse clay with a particle size range of 0.004->0.002 is converted to silt in the chart diagram. The coarse clay with a particle size range of 0.002->0.001 needs to be converted to clay in the chart diagram. Figure 6 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0033] Step 2.1: Obtain the percentages of different particle size intervals of the sample and perform statistics on the percentages of major particle sizes according to the requirements of the chart.

[0034] Step 2.2: Based on the statistical results, determine whether the percentage of a single particle size exceeds 66.7%. If so, proceed to step 2.3; otherwise, proceed to step 2.4.

[0035] Step 2.3: Determine whether the percentage of any other particle size exceeds 30% of the total. If it exceeds 30%, characterize it as a mixed substrate with different components in different contents, such as sand and mud, with the component with more content first, indicating that the content of sand is more than mud. If it does not exceed 30%, characterize it as a single-nature substrate, such as sand. If the result is "mud", further verify the percentage of silt and clay, and then give the naming result to the component with higher content. Here, 66.7% is still used as the measurement standard. If none of them are reached, they are uniformly named: mud.

[0036] Step 2.4: Verify whether the sum of the two most abundant fractions exceeds 75% of the total, and whether each fraction accounts for at least 25%. If yes, proceed to step 2.5. If no, name and characterize the marine sediment as a single-nature sediment, such as sand. If the result is mud, further verify the percentage of silt and clay, and then assign the name to the component with the highest content, still using 66.7% as the measurement standard. If neither of the two fractions meets the standard, assign the name mud.

[0037] Step 2.5: Continue to verify whether the percentage of the two component particle sizes exceeds 10%. If it does, go to step 2.6. If it does not exceed 10%, characterize it as a composite or mixed substrate and name it according to the two particle sizes, placing the component with higher content in front, such as sand and mud.

[0038] Step 2.6, continue to determine whether the remaining 25% of the particle size components are single, and at the same time take the remaining 25% components into the calculation. If "yes", in the most extreme case, one particle size component is 50%, and the other two are about 25% each. At this time, it is set as a composite substrate of three types, and the names are named from the front to the back in terms of percentage content from the highest to the lowest; if "no", the particle size whose sum of the main content accounts for more than 75% of the total is still named as the component, forming a mixed substrate, and the two components with higher content are placed in front, such as: mud and sand, which means the mud content is higher.

[0039] Through the above steps, the automatic conversion function from classic granularity classification data to chart-type granularity data is realized.

[0040] It should be emphasized that the embodiments described in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Therefore, the present invention includes but is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments. Any other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions of the present invention also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically converting marine sediment type data in marine surveys, characterized by: The following steps are included: Step 1: Convert the first-level nomenclature of the classic bottom data classification directly to the first-level nomenclature of the chart pattern granularity classification; Step 2: Convert the rock, coarse gravel, medium gravel, very coarse sand, coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, very fine sand, coarse silt, medium silt, fine silt, very fine silt, and fine clay in the secondary naming of the classic bottom data classification directly to the secondary naming of the nautical chart grain size classification; convert the classification of fine gravel and coarse clay in the secondary naming of the classic bottom data classification according to the original data particle size range or φ value interval, where fine gravel in the particle size range of 8-4 is converted to rounded gravel in the nautical chart, fine gravel in the particle size range of 4-2 needs to be converted to gravel in the nautical chart, coarse clay in the particle size range of 0.004->0.002 is converted to silt in the nautical chart, and coarse clay in the particle size range of 0.002->0.001 is converted to clay in the nautical chart; The method for classification conversion of the coarse clay comprises the following steps: Step 2.1: Obtain the percentages of different particle size intervals of the sample and calculate the percentages of major particle sizes according to the requirements of the chart diagram; Step 2.2: Based on the statistical results, determine whether the percentage of a single particle size exceeds 66.7%. If so, proceed to step 2.3; otherwise, proceed to step 2.

4. Step 2.3: Determine whether the percentage of any other particle size exceeds 30% of the total. If so, characterize it as a mixed sediment with different components, with the component with the higher content first, indicating that the sand content is greater than the mud content. Otherwise, characterize it as a single-type sediment. If the result is mud, further verify the percentage of silt and clay, and then assign the name to the component with the higher content, using 66.7% as the standard. If none of the above are met, assign it to mud. Step 2.4: Verify that the sum of the two most abundant fractions exceeds 75% of the total, and that each fraction accounts for at least 25%. If so, proceed to Step 2.

5. Otherwise, the marine sediment is named as a single-nature sediment. If the result is mud, further verify the percentage of silt and clay, and then assign the name to the component with the highest content, using 66.7% as the standard. If neither of these percentages is met, assign the name mud. Step 2.5: Continue to verify whether the percentage of the two component fractions exceeds 10%. If so, proceed to step 2.

6. Otherwise, characterize it as a composite or mixed substrate and name it according to the two fractions, with the component with the higher content placed first. Step 2.6, continue to determine whether the remaining 25% of the particle size components are single, and take the remaining 25% components into the calculation. If so, in the most extreme case, one particle size component is 50%, and the other two are about 25% each. At this time, it is set as a composite substrate of three types, and the names are named from the front to the back in terms of percentage content from the highest to the lowest; otherwise, the particle size whose sum of the main content accounts for more than 75% of the total is named as the component, forming a mixed substrate, and the two components with higher content are placed in front.

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