Alumina evaporator heat exchange header hanger and vertical hoisting method thereof
By designing a heat exchange collector and vertical lifting method of alumina evaporator, the wedge-shaped body and expansion part of the screw part and the screw sleeve part are used to achieve a close connection with the heat exchange collector, which solves the problem of the header through the evaporator lifting The problem of passing the partition improves the efficiency and safety of lifting.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210703374.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-06-21
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-06-21
AI Technical Summary
In the alumina industry, the heat exchange collector of the tube falling film evaporator has a large deflection due to length and weight during the lifting process, making it difficult to pass through the four-layer fixed partition. In addition, the need to pass through the pipe when lifting the heating chamber, resulting in excessive weight. , affects the difficulty of lifting.
Design an alumina evaporator heat exchange collector sling, including a screw part, a lifting ring part and a screw sleeve part, and achieves a close connection with the heat exchange collector through a wedge-shaped body and a stretching part, and adopts a vertical lifting method for car crane matching , use thread matching and full welding connection to ensure stable connection and rapid disengagement between the spreader and the header.
After the heat exchange tube is installed in the evaporator heating chamber, it is lifted by vertical pipe penetration in the air to ensure that the pipe is inserted vertically and quickly disengaged, avoiding falling off, and the operation is simple and safe, which significantly improves the lifting efficiency at the construction site.
Smart Images
Figure CN115009976B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of equipment installation, and in particular relates to an alumina evaporator heat exchange header hanger and a vertical hanging method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Tubular falling film evaporator (see Figure 1 ) is widely used in the alumina industry. It usually consists of three parts: a tube box cap (1), a heating chamber (2), and a separation chamber (3). There is a heat exchange header (4) in the heating chamber, so most of the weight of the evaporator is concentrated in the heating chamber. The heat exchange header is a key part of the tubular falling film evaporator. It must pass through four layers of fixed partitions (5) and be fixed by expansion tubes. Taking the evaporation workshop in an alumina company's annual production of 1 million tons of alumina project as an example, it has a total of six-effect evaporators, of which the fifth and sixth effects are heavy. Due to the limitations of transportation and hoisting, 1 / 3 of the internal heat exchange headers are installed in the manufacturing plant, and the rest are installed at the construction site. A total of about 3,100 tubes need to be installed at the construction site. The specifications of the heat exchange header are Φ57×5 and 12 meters long seamless steel pipes. The heating chamber of the evaporator is placed flat on the ground before hoisting. Since the collecting pipe is 12 meters long, it has a large deflection under its own gravity and it is difficult to pass through the four layers of fixed partitions in a horizontal state. In addition, if the pipe is inserted before hoisting, the weight of the evaporator heating chamber will be too large, making it difficult to hoist the heating chamber. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an alumina evaporator heat exchange header hanger and a vertical lifting method thereof, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. After the evaporator heating chamber is installed in place, a car crane is used in combination with a special hanger to perform vertical pipe threading in the air. It is necessary to ensure that the hung heat exchange header is vertically inserted into the evaporator heating chamber, the heat exchange header can be quickly detached from the car crane, and it is also necessary to ensure that it will not fall off during the lifting process. The whole operation process is convenient and quick.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:
[0005] One of the technical solutions: An alumina evaporator heat exchange header hanger, characterized in that it includes a screw portion, a lifting ring portion and a screw sleeve portion, the bottom of the screw sleeve portion is open, the inner wall of the opening is provided with 2, 4 or 6 wedge-shaped bodies, the outer wall of the opening is an expansion portion, the lifting ring portion is fixed to the top of the hexagonal head of the screw portion, the rod end of the screw portion is connected with the threaded section in the screw sleeve portion through threaded matching, an operating portion is provided on the top of the screw sleeve portion, and the inclination of the wedge-shaped body is 2~5mm / 100mm.
[0006] Furthermore, the opening is 2 to 6 cuts evenly distributed on the circumference of the bottom of the screw sleeve, the depth of the cut is 70-100 mm, the width of the cut is 3-6 mm, and the inner wall of the screw sleeve where the opening is located has no thread.
[0007] Furthermore, the depth of the incision accounts for 50-70% of the length of the screw sleeve.
[0008] Furthermore, the thread specification between the screw portion and the thread sleeve portion is above M30, and the thread pitch is any one of 3mm, 2mm, 1.5mm, 1mm, and 0.75mm.
[0009] Furthermore, a polished rod section with a length of 15-25 mm is provided at the bottom of the screw portion, and a 6-12*60° chamfer is provided at the bottom end of the polished rod section.
[0010] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped body and the inner wall of the screw sleeve are connected by full welding, or by full welding plus pins.
[0011] Technical solution 2: A vertical hoisting method for a heat exchange header of an alumina evaporator, characterized in that the specific operations are as follows:
[0012] 1) Make sure the screw part and the screw sleeve part of the sling are lightly connected, and the expansion part does not bulge out;
[0013] 2) Select a hanger of appropriate size so that the gap at the connection is no more than 3mm after the screw sleeve is inserted into the heat exchange header;
[0014] 3) Fix the hexagonal head of the screw and use a wrench to rotate the operating part. During the tightening process, the rod end of the screw will expand outward against the wedge-shaped body, and the expansion part will swell outward and come into close contact with the inner wall of the heat exchange header. Fully press it and use the friction force to connect the hanger to the heat exchange header.
[0015] 4) After the lifting device and the heat exchange header are locked, a 1-ton pull test is performed on the test pull fixture. When the dynamometer shows that the pull reaches 1 ton, the pull is maintained for 20 minutes. If the lifting device does not fall off, it is considered qualified;
[0016] 5) Use the hook of the truck crane to hook up the lifting device, pull up the heat exchange header vertically, and insert it into the fixed partition from top to bottom;
[0017] 6) Repeat steps 1-5. After all heat exchange headers are in place, subsequent tube expansion work can be carried out.
[0018] Furthermore, the test pulling fixture is a horizontal structure, including a frame, a stretching hydraulic cylinder, a pipe body fixing fixture, a tension sensor and a controller. The stretching hydraulic cylinder is arranged at one end of the frame, and the stretching hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic station through a control valve and a pipeline. The hydraulic station, the control valve, and the tension sensor are connected to the controller through a cable.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0020] 1) After the evaporator heating chamber is installed in place, the present invention can use a car crane with a special lifting device to perform vertical pipe threading in the air, which can not only ensure that the pipe is vertically inserted into the evaporator heating chamber, but also enable the heat exchange header to be quickly separated from the car crane, and also ensure that it will not fall off during the lifting process, and the entire operation process is convenient and fast. 2) The special lifting device has a simple and compact structure, the material is easy to find, the installation and disassembly are convenient, and it is safe and reliable during use. It can realize rapid lifting, and can be quickly disassembled after completion for the next operation, which significantly improves the operation rate of vertical pipe lifting at the construction site. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tubular falling film evaporator in the prior art;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a sling embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Middle A-direction view;
[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation state of the heat exchange header according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the test state of the pull-testing fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0026] In the figure: 1-pipe box cap, 2-heating chamber, 3-separation chamber, 4-heat exchange header, 5-fixed partition, 6-screw part, 7-lifting ring part, 8-screw sleeve part, 9-wedge body, 10-expansion part, 11-operating part, 12-incision, 13-hanging fixture, 14-frame, 15-tensioning hydraulic cylinder, 16-pipe body fixing fixture, 17-tension sensor, 18-controller, 19-hydraulic station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the examples and drawings. Although the drawings show exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0028] See Figure 2-3, is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an alumina evaporator heat exchange header hanger of the present invention, comprising a screw portion 6, a lifting ring portion 7 and a screw sleeve portion 8, the screw sleeve portion 8 has an opening at the bottom, and the inner wall at the opening is provided with four wedge-shaped bodies 9, the outer wall at the opening is a swelling portion 10, the lifting ring portion 7 is fixedly arranged on the top of the hexagonal head of the screw portion 6, the rod end of the screw portion 6 is connected with the threaded section in the screw sleeve portion 8 through thread matching, an operating portion 11 is provided on the top of the screw sleeve portion 8, and the inclination of the wedge-shaped body 9 is 3mm / 100mm.
[0029] The opening is that 4 cutouts 12 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the bottom of the screw sleeve 8, the depth of the cutout 12 is 75mm, the width of the cutout 12 is 5mm, and the inner wall of the screw sleeve 8 where the opening is located has no thread. The depth of the cutout 12 accounts for 65% of the length of the screw sleeve 8. The thread specification between the screw rod portion 6 and the screw sleeve portion 8 is M30, and its thread pitch is a fine thread of 1.5mm, which has a self-locking function. The bottom of the screw rod portion 6 is provided with a 20mm long polished rod section, and the bottom end of the polished rod section is provided with a 10*60° chamfer. The wedge 9 is connected to the inner wall of the screw sleeve 8 by full welding to prevent the external force of the screw rod portion 6 from causing it to fall off.
[0030] In the embodiment, the specification of the heat exchange header is Φ57×5, and its inner diameter is Φ47, so the outer diameter of the expansion part 10 of the hanger is Φ45. The operating part 11 can be replaced by an M30 high-strength nut, and the screw part 6 is matched with an M30 high-strength bolt, and an M30 washer is welded to the top center of the hexagonal head of the screw part 6 as the lifting ring part 7.
[0031] See Figure 4 The vertical hoisting method of the heat exchange header of the alumina evaporator of the present invention is specifically performed as follows:
[0032] 1) The screw portion 6 of the sling 13 is lightly connected to the screw sleeve portion 8, and the expansion portion 10 does not bulge out;
[0033] 2) Select a hanger of appropriate size so that after the screw sleeve 8 is inserted into the heat exchange header, the gap at the connection is no more than 3mm;
[0034] 3) Fix the hexagonal head of the screw part 6 and use a wrench to rotate the operating part 11. During the tightening process, the rod end of the screw part 6 is pushed against the wedge 9 to expand outward, and the expansion part 10 is expanded outward to closely contact the inner wall of the heat exchange header and fully compressed. The friction force is used to connect the hanger 13 to the heat exchange header 4;
[0035] 4) After the hanger 13 is locked with the heat exchange header 4, a 1-ton pull test is performed on the pull test fixture. When the dynamometer shows that the pull reaches 1 ton, the pull is maintained for 20 minutes. If the hanger 13 does not fall out, it is considered qualified;
[0036] 5) Use the hook of the truck crane to hook up the lifting device 13, pull up the heat exchange header 4 vertically, and insert it into the fixed partition 5 from top to bottom;
[0037] 6) Repeat steps 1-5 until all heat exchange headers are in place, and then proceed with subsequent tube expansion work. Practice has proved that the hanger of the present invention is safe and efficient during use, and improves the production operation rate.
[0038] See Figure 5 The test pull fixture is a horizontal structure, including a frame 14, a stretching hydraulic cylinder 15, a pipe body fixing fixture 16, a tension sensor 17 and a controller 18. The stretching hydraulic cylinder is arranged at one end of the frame. The stretching hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic station 19 through a control valve and a pipeline. The hydraulic station 19, the control valve, and the tension sensor 17 are connected to the controller 18 through a cable. Before the test, the heat exchange header 4 is placed on the frame 14 and fixed with a pipe body fixing fixture 16. The stretching hydraulic cylinder 15 is started, so that the tension on the tension sensor 17 is displayed as 1 ton. The controller 18 controls the stretching hydraulic cylinder 15 to maintain the tension for 20 minutes. At this time, the sling 13 has not fallen out and is considered qualified.
[0039] The above embodiments are only specific examples selected to illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail, but should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made without violating the spirit and principles of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An alumina evaporator heat exchange header hanger, characterized in that: It includes a screw portion, a lifting ring portion and a screw sleeve portion. The bottom of the screw sleeve portion is open, and the inner wall of the opening is provided with 2, 4 or 6 wedge-shaped bodies, and the outer wall of the opening is an expansion portion. The opening is 2 to 6 incisions evenly distributed on the circumference of the bottom of the screw sleeve portion, the depth of the incision is 70-100mm, and the width of the incision is 3-6mm. There is no thread on the inner wall of the screw sleeve portion where the opening is located, and the depth of the incision accounts for 50 to 70% of the length of the screw sleeve portion. The lifting ring portion is fixedly arranged on the top of the hexagonal head of the screw portion, and the rod end of the screw portion is connected with the threaded section in the screw sleeve portion through thread matching. An operating portion is arranged on the top of the screw sleeve portion, the inclination of the wedge-shaped body is 2 to 5mm / 100mm, and the bottom of the screw portion is provided with a bare rod section with a length of 15-25mm, and the bottom end of the bare rod section is provided with a 6-12*60° chamfer.
2. The alumina evaporator heat exchange header hanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thread specification between the screw part and the screw sleeve part is M30 or above, and the thread pitch is any one of 3mm, 2mm, 1.5mm, 1mm, and 0.75mm.
3. The alumina evaporator heat exchange header hanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped body is connected to the inner wall of the screw sleeve part by full welding, or by full welding and pin connection.
4. A vertical hoisting method for a heat exchange header of an alumina evaporator, characterized in that: The specific operations are as follows: 1) Make sure the screw part and the screw sleeve part of the sling are lightly connected, and the expansion part does not bulge out; 2) Select a hanger of appropriate size so that the gap at the connection is no more than 3mm after the screw sleeve is inserted into the heat exchange header; 3) Fix the hexagonal head of the screw and use a wrench to rotate the operating part. During the tightening process, make the rod end of the screw press against the wedge. The body expands outwards, and the expansion part swells outwards to closely contact with the inner wall of the heat exchange header, fully compresses, and uses friction to connect the hanger and the heat exchange header together; 4) After the lifting device and the heat exchange header are locked, a pull test is performed on the pull test fixture. When the dynamometer shows that the pulling force reaches 1 ton, the pulling force is maintained for 20 minutes. If the lifting device does not fall off, it is considered qualified; 5) Use the hook of the truck crane to hook up the lifting device, pull up the heat exchange header vertically, and insert it into the fixed partition from top to bottom; 6) Repeat steps 1-5. When all heat exchange headers are in place, subsequent tube expansion work can be carried out.
5. The vertical hoisting method of the heat exchange header of an alumina evaporator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test pulling fixture is a horizontal structure, including a frame, a stretching hydraulic cylinder, a pipe body fixing fixture, a tension sensor and a controller. The stretching hydraulic cylinder is arranged at one end of the frame. The stretching hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic station through a control valve and a pipeline. The hydraulic station, the control valve, and the tension sensor are connected to the controller through a cable.