Turning tools

Abstract

The present invention relates to a turning tool for metal cutting, which includes a tool body having a tool seat, a clamping member and a clamping pin, wherein the clamping pin connects the tool body and the clamping member and is used to clamp the cutting blade in the tool seat. The shaft of the clamping pin is accommodated in the tool body channel in an axially movable manner and is operable to move to a first axial position. The clamping pin is constructed to engage the clamping member in a first axial position and push the clamping member toward the top surface of the tool body, thereby clamping the blade in the tool seat when the blade is accommodated in the tool seat. In the first axial position, the first coolant fluid outlet opening located in the head is located above the top surface of the clamping member, and the shaft is accommodated in the tool body channel in an axially movable manner by being axially slidable. The tool also includes a locking mechanism, which is constructed to releasably lock the shaft in the tool body channel in the first axial position to at least prevent axial sliding toward the top surface of the tool body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a turning tool for metal cutting, comprising a tool body with an insert seat, a clamping member and a clamping pin, wherein the clamping pin connects the tool body and the clamping member for clamping the cutting insert in the insert seat. Background Art

[0002] US2019 / 0160549 discloses a turning tool comprising a fastener for securing a fixture and a tool body together to clamp a turning insert in a blade pocket. The fastener extends through a hole in the fixture and into a threaded hole in the tool body. The fastener has a male thread and is screwed into the threaded hole in the tool body to clamp the turning insert in the blade pocket under the fixture. The fastener has an internal coolant channel comprising several openings located in the head of the fastener. The fixture has an internal coolant channel having an exit opening proximate to the cutting edge of the clamped turning insert. At certain angular positions of the fastener, one of the openings in the head aligns with the internal coolant channel in the fixture to establish fluid communication between the two coolant channels and direct coolant to the turning insert. A problem with this known turning tool is that the clamping of the turning insert cannot be adjusted without affecting the coolant supply. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to at least partially eliminate the above-mentioned problems. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a turning tool as defined in the present invention.

[0004] The turning tool for metal cutting of the present invention comprises:

[0005] a tool body having a tool body top surface and including an insert seat arranged at a front end in the tool body top surface for receiving a cutting insert, and a tool body bore spaced from the insert seat and extending downwardly from an opening in the tool body top surface,

[0006] - a clamping member arranged at the top surface of the tool body and comprising:

[0007] a base having a base top surface and a base bottom surface facing the tool body top surface, and a clamping member through-hole extending from an opening in the base top surface to an opening in the base bottom surface and aligned with the tool body bore,

[0008] - a clamping arm which projects from the basic body and extends at least partially over the insert seat, and

[0009] a clamping pin connecting the tool body and the clamping member and comprising: a longitudinal shaft having a longitudinal axis and extending through the clamping member through-hole and into the tool body bore, wherein the shaft is axially movable received in the tool body bore and is operable to move to a first axial position; a head at an upper end of the shaft; and a coolant fluid passage having a first outlet opening in the head,

[0010] in,

[0011] - the clamping pin is configured to engage the basic body in a first axial position and to push the basic body together with the protruding clamping arm toward the top surface of the tool body, whereby the cutting insert is clamped in the insert seat when the cutting insert is received in the insert seat,

[0012] - in a first axial position, the first outlet opening in the head is located above the top surface of the base body,

[0013] - the shaft is received in the tool body bore in an axially movable manner by being axially slidable, and wherein

[0014] The turning tool further comprises a locking mechanism configured to releasably lock the shaft in the tool body bore in a first axial position to at least prevent axial sliding towards the tool body top surface.

[0015] Because the axis of the clamping pin is mounted in an axially slidable manner in the bore of the tool body, the clamping pin can move axially without changing its angular position. Therefore, when the clamping pin moves axially downward to apply a clamping force to the clamping member and thereby to the clamping arm, the angular position of the clamping pin can be maintained constant. Once the desired clamping force is achieved, the locking mechanism can be operated to lock the clamping pin in the bore of the tool body. Thus, the clamping pin is locked to prevent axial sliding toward the top surface of the tool body, allowing the cutting insert to be securely clamped in the insert seat below the clamping arm. In this locked position, the axis of the clamping pin is in a first axial position in the bore of the tool body, and the first outlet opening in the head of the clamping pin is located above the top surface of the base of the clamping member. Therefore, unlike in the prior art, the relative angular position of the clamping member and the clamping pin is not restricted by the internal coolant channel in the clamping member, which must be in fluid communication with the coolant channel in the clamping pin. Alternatively, the turning tool according to the invention can be configured with the first outlet opening in the head facing in any desired direction relative to the direction of extension of the clamping arms. Thus, the turning tool according to the invention enables independent selection of the clamping force, the angular position of the clamping arms, and the angular position of the coolant outlet.

[0016] The turning tool according to the present invention comprises a clamping member, a clamping pin and a tool body having a blade seat, wherein the clamping pin is arranged to push the clamping member and the tool body together so that the cutting blade accommodated in the blade seat is clamped in the blade seat. In this application, the position of the blade seat is defined as at the front end of the turning tool. When operating to clamp the cutting blade, the direction of the sliding movement of the shaft in the tool body channel is defined as downward movement. The top surface and the bottom surface are respectively the upward-facing surface and the downward-facing surface, and are coordinated with the corresponding directions of the longitudinal axis of the shaft. Similarly, expressions such as "above" and "below" refer to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the shaft and the direction of the downward movement of the shaft along the longitudinal axis. Expressions such as "inward" and "outward" are relative to the center of the tool body. The turning tool according to the present invention is suitable for metal cutting. In other words, the turning tool is suitable for receiving and clamping cutting blades for cutting metal. Preferably, the turning tool is also suitable for receiving and clamping cutting blades for cutting other materials (such as composite materials).

[0017] According to the present invention, the locking mechanism is configured to releasably lock the shaft in the tool body bore in a first axial position to at least prevent axial sliding toward the tool body top surface. Optionally, when the clamping pin is locked, the clamping pin can also be further moved axially downward beyond the first position. This downward direction is the direction of the clamping force on the cutting insert accommodated in the insert seat. In some applications, it is not important whether the clamping force is too large. Such an embodiment would be beneficial because the locking mechanism can be a simple, low-cost type.

[0018] In accordance with at least one embodiment, the locking mechanism is configured to be operated from below the tool body. In such an exemplary embodiment, the tool body aperture is a through-hole. The clamping pin has a shaft that extends through the through-hole in the base of the clamping member and the through-hole in the tool body. In such an embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a lower end of the shaft and a stop member, the lower end of the shaft protruding out of the through-hole below the bottom surface of the tool body.

[0019] In other embodiments, the lower end of the shaft is located within the tool body bore such that the shaft does not protrude beyond the bottom surface of the tool body. The tool body bore may be a blind hole. The tool body bore is spaced apart from the insert seat in the tool body. In other words, the tool body bore is located outside the space occupied by the cutting insert when the cutting insert is clamped.

[0020] According to at least one embodiment, the locking mechanism is configured to releasably lock the shaft in the tool body bore in a first axial position, preventing axial sliding in both axial directions. This locking mechanism ensures that the cutting insert is clamped with a constant clamping force that can be advantageously selected to suit the cutting insert in question and the cutting operation to be performed. Another advantage is that the axial position of the first outlet opening is fixed in the first position.

[0021] According to at least one embodiment, the locking mechanism is configured to releasably lock the shaft in the tool body bore in a first axial position to prevent relative rotation. This can be inherently achieved by a sufficiently large clamping force and friction between the clamping pin and the clamping member, or between the clamping pin and a component of the locking mechanism.

[0022] Preferably, the locking mechanism is configured to releasably lock the shaft in the tool body bore in a first axial position by form locking to prevent relative rotation. Form locking is understood to mean that the surface is shaped to prevent relative rotation. For example, the shaft has a polygonal cross-section that adapts to a corresponding polygonal cross-section of the tool body bore. Alternatively, the locking mechanism comprises a protrusion on the shaft that engages with a mating recess or stop member in the tool body bore or on the separating member, or vice versa.

[0023] These embodiments are advantageous because the angular position of the first outlet opening is fixed in the first position. Thus, a more precise direction of the coolant fluid flow leaving the first outlet can be achieved.

[0024] Preferably, the locking mechanism is configured to releasably lock the shaft in the tool body bore in a first axial position, preventing axial sliding in both axial directions and relative rotation. This provides a fixed position of the first outlet opening in the first position, and thus also a fixed direction of the flow of fluid coolant exiting through the first outlet opening. This also enables a fixed clamping force to be provided.

[0025] According to at least one embodiment, the shaft has a cylindrical outer surface and the tool body bore has a cylindrical inner surface. The radii of the surfaces are preferably close to the same radius so that the shaft can be slidably and rotatably fitted in the hole. Preferably, the shaft of the clamping pin extends through the clamping member through-hole with play, or at least so that it can slide and rotate axially. Thus, for example, before the clamping pin is placed in the first axial position for clamping the cutting insert, the exact angular position of the first outlet opening can be adjusted by rotating the clamping pin in the tool body bore. In embodiments in which the locking mechanism also allows the shaft to rotate when locked in the first position, the angular position of the first outlet opening can also be advantageously adjusted when the cutting insert is clamped in the insert seat, for example by exceeding a certain force.

[0026] According to at least one embodiment, the tool body includes a first tool body side surface extending downwardly from the tool body top surface on one side of the tool body top surface, and wherein the locking mechanism includes:

[0027] - a tool body side hole comprising a first portion connecting a first tool body side surface to the tool body bore,

[0028] - the abutment surface at the axis,

[0029] an actuating rod movably mounted in a first portion of the side hole of the tool body and movable relative to the shaft and comprising an engagement segment at an inner portion having an engagement surface for interacting with the abutment surface,

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention also relates to a turning tool having a first axial position and a second axial position, wherein the actuating lever is operable to move to a locked position when the shaft is in the first axial position, in which the engaging surface presses against the abutment surface to lock the clamping pin in the first axial position. This embodiment is advantageous because the locking mechanism can be operated from the side of the turning tool while the clamping member provides a clamping force to the cutting insert from above. With prior art turning tools, in some applications, such as when the turning tool is mounted in a multi-axis machine tool, access from above to release or tighten the clamp can be difficult or even impossible. Consequently, when the cutting insert is to be indexed or replaced, the turning tool disadvantageously must be disassembled and removed from the machine tool.

[0031] According to at least one embodiment, the engagement section of the actuating rod having the engagement surface and the abutment surface of the shaft are configured to lock by friction. The engagement surface is, for example, an end surface of the actuating rod, and the abutment surface is a portion of an outer surface of the shaft.

[0032] Preferably, locking is achieved because the engagement segment geometrically blocks upward movement of the shaft. The engagement surface of the engagement segment is arranged to abut an upwardly facing abutment surface of the shaft, the abutment surface being located below the engagement segment. For example, the locking mechanism further comprises a shaft recess extending from the shaft entry opening transversely to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, wherein

[0033] - in a first axial position, the shaft entry opening faces a first portion of the tool body side bore, and wherein

[0034] The abutment surface is an upwardly facing surface in the recess, and wherein the engagement segment is located in the shaft recess when the actuating lever is in the locked position. Due to the position of the engagement segment and the abutment surface, the engagement surface is configured to press against the abutment surface in the recess, thereby preventing the clamping pin from moving upward. Preferably, the engagement segment also engages a sidewall of the shaft recess to provide a positive lock against relative rotation between the shaft and the tool body bore.

[0035] The actuating rod can extend outside the first portion of the side hole of the tool body and have a portion protruding beyond the first side surface, or the actuating rod can terminate inside the first portion of the side hole of the tool body. The operator can operate the actuating rod directly or by using a tool (such as a screwdriver or wrench). Preferably, the actuating rod is formed as a single, integral rod, wherein the engagement segment is an internal portion, such as an inner end. In such an embodiment, the engagement surface follows any movement of the actuating rod.

[0036] Preferably, the actuating rod has a longitudinal axis aligned with the first portion of the lateral aperture of the tool body. For example, the actuating rod is movably mounted in the first portion of the lateral aperture of the tool body by being axially movable and / or rotatable about the longitudinal axis. For example, the actuating rod may slide axially or may include male threads that engage with female threads in the first lateral aperture of the tool body.

[0037] The actuating rod can be mounted movably relative to the shaft, for example, by being axially movable toward and away from the shaft or by being axially movable within a recess in the shaft. The engaging section is located in the shaft recess and / or is movably arranged within and outside the shaft recess. Alternatively or additionally, the actuating rod can be movable relative to the shaft by being rotatable. The engaging section can be axially movable and / or rotatable within the shaft recess.

[0038] In an embodiment in which the actuating lever is rotatable, the engagement segment comprises an eccentric portion, such as a cam, on which the engagement surface is arranged. To bring the actuating lever to its locked position, the actuating lever is axially positioned to axially align the engagement surface on the eccentric portion with the abutment surface in the recess and is rotated until the two surfaces engage.

[0039] Preferably, the abutment surface is an upwardly facing wedge-shaped surface that tapers toward the shaft entry opening, the engagement surface includes an inwardly tapering downwardly facing wedge-shaped surface, and when the actuating lever is operated to move to the locked position, the engagement segment moves inwardly within the shaft recess, whereby the engagement surface slides and presses against the abutment surface to urge the shaft into the first axial position. This embodiment and the embodiment including the eccentric engagement surface are examples of advantageous embodiments because the locking mechanism also serves as a mechanism for urging the clamping pin downward to bring the shaft into the first position. Thus, the locking mechanism is a mechanism for both securing and locking the clamping pin.

[0040] As seen in a cross section comprising the longitudinal axis of the shaft and the central longitudinal axis of the first portion of the tool body side hole, the abutment surface and the engagement surface form an angle α of at least 3° and at most 45° with the central longitudinal axis of the first portion of the tool body side hole. This range ensures that the inward movement of the actuating rod over a convenient length is converted into an axial downward movement of the shaft, which corresponds to a suitable clamping force. Larger angles risk that the force required to move the actuating rod inwards becomes too great. For smaller angles, the engagement surface would have to be longer, which is inconvenient. Preferably, the angle α is at least 10° and at most 30°.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, the shaft recess is a through hole with a central longitudinal axis, which intersects the central longitudinal axis of the first part of the side hole axis of the tool body at the same angle α. Therefore, advantageously, when the shaft recess is produced by drilling an inclined cylindrical hole through the shaft, a tapered abutment surface is directly formed. In other embodiments, the shaft recess is a blind hole or an open channel. The recess can have any suitable cross-section. The abutment surface can be a curved surface, such as a part of a cylindrical shaft hole wall. In other embodiments, the abutment surface is a plane. The engaging surface can also be curved (such as, for example, a part of a cone surface), or flat.

[0042] Typically, the shape and relative positions of the abutment and engagement surfaces are designed to provide the desired locking of the shaft in the first position and, possibly, to additionally convert movement of the actuation lever into downward sliding movement of the shaft.

[0043] In a first axial position, the first outlet opening in the head is located above the top surface of the base, or in other words, above the opening in the top surface of the base of the through hole of the clamping member. In an embodiment, the first outlet opening is located above any part of the clamping member in a direction towards the blade seat. Preferably, the entire first outlet opening is so positioned. Typically, the first outlet opening points forwardly towards the blade seat, wherein, when the cutting blade is clamped in the blade seat, the coolant fluid flow exiting through the first outlet opening will flush at least a portion of the cutting blade. In an embodiment, the coolant fluid flow does not contact the clamping member before intersecting the cutting blade. In other embodiments, the coolant fluid flow is guided by the top surface of the clamping arm. The first outlet may be provided with a nozzle.

[0044] According to at least one embodiment, the head has a longitudinally extending front surface, wherein the first outlet opening is located in the front surface, the coolant fluid channel comprises a first internal outlet channel, which outlet channel has a central longitudinal axis and extends from an internal position in the head to the first outlet opening, and the central longitudinal axis of the first outlet channel and the longitudinal axis of the shaft form an acute angle β. Therefore, the internal position in the head is located axially above the first outlet opening. Preferably, the acute angle β has a value of 45° or greater. Preferably, the extension of the central longitudinal axis of the first outlet channel intersects the point at which the active cutting edge of the cutting insert is located when the cutting insert is clamped in the insert seat. These embodiments are advantageous because the outlet channel can direct the coolant fluid to the desired location without the need for additional devices (such as nozzles).

[0045] According to at least one embodiment,

[0046] - the tool body comprises a second tool body side surface extending downwardly from the tool body top surface on a side opposite to the first tool body side surface,

[0047] - the tool body side hole also includes a second portion connecting the second tool body side surface and the tool body channel,

[0048] the shaft is axially slidable in the tool body bore in two angular positions spaced 180° apart, such that in a first axial position the shaft entry opening selectively faces either the first portion of the tool body side bore or the second portion of the tool body side bore,

[0049] - the coolant fluid channel has a second outlet opening in the head, the second outlet opening being angularly spaced 180° from the first outlet opening,

[0050] - and wherein the actuating lever is selectively movably mounted in the first or second portion of the cutter body side bore and is operable in both positions to move to the locked position when the shaft is in the first axial position at the matching angular position.

[0051] According to such an embodiment, the tool body side aperture including the first and second portions is mirror-symmetrical about a central longitudinal plane located between the first and second tool body side surfaces and including the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

[0052] The outlet passages comprising the first and second outlet passages, which extend from an internal position in the head to the second outlet opening, may also be mirror-symmetrical, for example in a transverse plane perpendicular to the central plane.

[0053] These embodiments are advantageous because the locking mechanism of the turning tool can be operated from both sides of the tool body. Preferably, the side hole in the tool body is a through hole, which can advantageously be drilled. Optionally, the inactive portion of the side hole in the tool body and / or the inactive outlet opening in the head can be blocked.

[0054] According to at least one embodiment, a clamping pin has a cylindrical shaft and a head projecting radially from the shaft. The head may be concentric with the longitudinal axis of the shaft. The head includes a downwardly facing clamping surface. The clamping pin is configured to engage the substrate in a first axial position and urge the substrate toward the top surface of the tool body by abutting the downwardly facing clamping surface against the top surface of the substrate.

[0055] The coolant fluid passage of the shaft may be an internal passage that may form a space between the tool body bore and the shaft. The coolant passage may include different portions extending axially along the shaft, wherein the coolant passage is an internal passage along a first portion and a space between the tool body bore and the shaft along a second portion. The outlet passage in the head may be in fluid communication with an inlet opening in the shaft or the head. In a preferred embodiment, the inlet opening is located in a downwardly facing surface in the shaft recess. The coolant fluid passage of the clamping pin is typically in fluid communication with a coolant fluid passage in the tool body, which in turn is in fluid communication with a source of coolant fluid.

[0056] According to an embodiment, the clamping member is a separable component that can be disassembled and removed from the tool body. According to other embodiments, the clamping member and the tool body are formed as a single piece. Such an embodiment of the turning tool may include a weakened portion that serves as a living hinge for the clamping member.

[0057] According to at least one embodiment, the clamping member is biased toward a relaxed state in which, in the absence of a clamping force from the clamping pin, the clamping member can be lifted from the tool body so that the cutting insert accommodated in the insert seat can be removed or indexed. The biasing force can be applied by a compression spring, one end of which bears against the bottom surface of the base body and the other end bears against the top surface of the tool body or a shoulder surface of the shaft. In embodiments in which the clamping member and the tool body are integral, the biasing force can be inherent. This biasing force must be overcome when the clamping pin is moved to the first axial position for clamping the cutting insert.

[0058] According to another aspect of the present invention, a turning tool according to any one of the above embodiments includes a cutting insert received in an insert seat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Hereinafter, example embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0060] Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of a turning tool according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 is a top perspective view of a first embodiment of a turning tool;

[0062] Figure 3 is a bottom perspective view of a first embodiment of a turning tool;

[0063] Figure 4 is a top view of a first embodiment of a turning tool;

[0064] Figure 5 is based on Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along VV of a first embodiment of a turning tool;

[0065] Figure 6 is based on Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along VI-VI of the first embodiment of the turning tool, when the turning tool is locked in the first position;

[0066] Figure 7 is based on Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the turning tool along VI-VI, when the turning tool is released from the first position;

[0067] Figure 8 is an exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of a turning tool according to the present invention;

[0068] Figure 9 corresponds to Figure 5 a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a turning tool of view when the turning tool is released from the first position;

[0069] Figure 10 corresponds to Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a turning tool of view, when the turning tool is locked in a first position;

[0070] Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of a third embodiment of a turning tool according to the present invention;

[0071] Figure 12 corresponds to Figure 5 a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a turning tool of view when the turning tool is released from the first position;

[0072] Figure 13 corresponds to Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a turning tool of view, when the turning tool is locked in a first position;

[0073] Figure 14 corresponds to Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a turning tool according to the invention.

[0074] All drawings are schematic, not necessarily drawn to scale, and generally show only parts necessary for illustrating the various embodiments, while other parts may be omitted or merely suggested. Unless otherwise indicated, identical reference numerals in different drawings denote identical or corresponding parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] Reference Figure 1-7 , a first embodiment of a turning tool according to the present invention will be described. The turning tool includes a tool body 1. The tool body 1 includes a shaft portion 2 and a head portion 3. In other embodiments, the tool body 1 may include only the head portion 3.

[0076] The tool body 1 has a top surface 4, a first side surface 5, a second side surface 6 and a bottom surface 7. At the front end, the tool body has an insert seat 8 for receiving a cutting insert 9. The insert seat 8 is a recess in the top surface 4 and includes a support surface that ensures that the cutting insert 9 is accurately positioned to expose the cutting edge in the desired position when the cutting insert 9 is clamped in the insert seat 8.

[0077] The tool body bore 10 extends from the top surface 4 in a downward direction into the tool body 1 towards the bottom surface 7. The tool body bore 10 is a blind hole and has a circular cross-section. The tool body bore 10 is spaced apart from the insert seat 8, or in other words, the tool body bore 10 is positioned outside the space occupied by the cutting insert 9, in this embodiment rearwardly in the direction towards the shaft portion 2. The tool body bore 10 includes an upwardly facing shoulder surface 27, which extends circumferentially at the upper end so that the tool body bore 10 has a portion with a larger diameter at the upper end. An inlet opening 45 for the coolant fluid is provided at the lower end of the tool body bore 10. The inlet opening 45 can be connected to an external coolant fluid source via a tool body coolant fluid channel 48.

[0078] The top surface 4 is provided with a recess 36 which is located behind the tool body bore 10 in the direction towards the shaft portion 2. A clip 38 is attached in the recess 36 by means of a screw 37.

[0079] The turning tool also includes a locking mechanism that includes a tool body side hole 24. The tool body side hole 24 includes a first portion that connects the opening in the first tool body side surface 5 to the tool body bore 10, and a second portion that connects the opening in the second tool body side surface 6 to the tool body bore 10. Both portions of the tool body side hole 24 have internal female threads. The tool body side hole 24 has a central longitudinal axis 25, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As seen in the top view of FIG, the central longitudinal axis 25 extends transversely through the tool body at an angle ε relative to the extension of the shaft portion 2 of the tool body 1. The angle ε is selected to provide accessibility of the locking mechanism at the head portion 3 and is 65° in this embodiment. In other embodiments, the angle may be 45°-135°, preferably 60°-120°.

[0080] The turning tool further comprises a clamping member 11 comprising a basic body 12 and a clamping arm 13. The clamping arm 13 projects from the basic body 12 in the forward direction and extends at least partially over the insert seat 8. The basic body has a basic body top surface 14 and a basic body bottom surface 15.

[0081] The clamping member through-hole 16 extends through the clamping member 11 from an opening in the base top surface 14 to an opening in the base bottom surface 15. The clamping member through-hole 16 has an oval cross-section with the major axis extending generally in the direction of the protruding clamping arm 13. The clamping member through-hole includes a downwardly facing shoulder surface 28 that extends circumferentially at the lower end so that the clamping member through-hole 16 has a larger diameter portion at the lower end.

[0082] The base 12 has a flange 39 at the end opposite to the protruding clamping arm 13. The flange 39 extends downwardly from the base bottom surface 15 and has a rear surface provided with a groove 40.

[0083] The clamping member is arranged over the tool body 1 so that the base body bottom surface 14 and the tool body top surface 4 face each other, the clamping member through-hole 16 is aligned with the base body bore 10, the clamping arm 13 extends over a portion above the insert seat 8, and the flange 39 is located in the recess 36. The clamping member 11 is attached to the tool body by means of a clip 38 that loosely engages the groove 40.

[0084] The turning tool further comprises a clamping pin 17 comprising a longitudinal shaft 18 extending along a longitudinal axis 19. At the upper end of the shaft 18, the clamping pin 17 has a head 20 projecting radially from the shaft 18. The head 20 is concentric with the longitudinal axis 19 of the cylindrical shaft 18. The head 20 comprises a downwardly facing clamping surface 21 and a front side surface 55, which forms part of the circumferential side surface of the head 20.

[0085] A shaft recess in the form of a through hole 26 extending transversely through the shaft 18 is also part of the locking mechanism. The through hole 26 has an abutment surface in the form of an upwardly facing hole wall 30. The through hole 26 has a central longitudinal axis 56 intersecting the longitudinal axis 19 at an obtuse angle, an entry opening located at the axial lower side of the through hole 26, and an exit opening located at the axial upper side of the through hole 26.

[0086] The clamping pin 17 includes a coolant fluid passage 23 having a first outlet opening 22 and a second outlet opening 22 in the circumferential surface of the head 20. The coolant fluid passage 23 includes a first inner outlet passage 41 and a second inner outlet passage 41. The first and second outlet passages each have a central longitudinal axis 42, and the first and second outlet passages each extend from an inner position in the head 20 to the respective first and second outlet openings 22. The inner position in the head 20 is a central position axially above the outlet opening 22. The central longitudinal axis 42 of the first outlet passage 41 and the longitudinal axis 19 of the shaft 18 form an acute angle β that is greater than 45°, and in this embodiment is 77°. As seen in the axial end view of the clamping pin 17, see Figure 4 The central longitudinal axis 42 of the first outlet channel is at a predetermined angle The angle is selected to provide accessibility to the locking mechanism (described below) and the desired direction of the exiting coolant fluid flow. Typically, the angle The angle is 70-110° and in this embodiment is 90°. As can be seen, the direction of the exiting coolant fluid flow is different from the direction of extension of the clamping arms 13 .

[0087] The coolant fluid passage 23 comprises a longitudinally extending inner portion in the shaft 18 having a coolant fluid inlet opening 43 in a downwardly facing bore wall of the throughbore 26 .

[0088] Clamping pin 17 is arranged such that its shaft 18 extends through clamping member through-hole 16 and into tool body bore 10, where it is axially movably received in tool body bore 10. The entrance opening of through-hole 26 overlaps the interior opening of the first portion of tool body lateral bore 24. The shaft has an outer surface portion 49 between its lower end and the shaft exit opening of through-hole 26, which is located at a distance from longitudinal axis 19 that is less than the radius of the tool body bore. As seen in a cross-section including longitudinal axis 19 of shaft 18 and central longitudinal axis 25 of the first portion of tool body lateral bore 24, an abutment surface in the form of an upward-facing portion of bore wall 30 forms an angle α of 18° with central longitudinal axis 25 of the first portion of tool body lateral bore 24. In other words, this portion of bore wall 30 forms an upward-facing, wedge-shaped surface that tapers toward the shaft entrance opening.

[0089] 1. The downwardly facing clamping surface 21 of the head 20 faces the base top surface 14 of the clamping member 11. The first outlet opening 22 of the first internal outlet channel 41 faces the insert seat 8, and the second internal outlet channel 41 is closed by a plug 47. A coil spring 29 is arranged around the shaft 18 and abuts at one end against an upwardly facing shoulder surface 27 in the tool body bore 10 and at the other end against a downwardly facing shoulder surface 28 in the clamping member through-hole 16. A sealing ring 44 surrounds the shaft 18 and provides a fluid-tight seal in the tool body bore 10 while allowing axial movement of the shaft 18.

[0090] The locking mechanism also includes an actuating rod 31, which includes an engagement section 32 at its inner end. The outer end of the actuating rod is cylindrical and has an external male thread. The engagement section 32 forms a frustoconical shape with the truncated end of the frustoconical shape pointing inward. At the transition to the frustoconical shape, the diameter of the outer end of the actuating rod 31 corresponds approximately to the diameter of the entry opening of the through-hole 26 in the shaft 18. The engagement section 32 includes an engagement surface in the form of an outer surface 33 of the frustoconical shape. The outer end surface of the actuating rod is provided with a hexagonal socket 34 facing away from the frustoconical shape.

[0091] Actuating rod 31 is mounted in the first portion of tool body lateral bore 24, with the male threads at the outer end engaging the female threads in the first portion of tool body lateral bore 24. As viewed in a cross section including longitudinal axis 19 of shaft 18 and central longitudinal axis 25 of the first portion of tool body lateral bore 24, the engaging surface, in the form of an outer conical surface, forms an angle α of 18° with central longitudinal axis 25 of the first portion of tool body lateral bore 24. In other words, the engaging portion of the conical surface constitutes a downwardly facing, wedge-shaped surface that tapers inwardly.

[0092] The hexagonal socket 34 is accessible through an opening in the first side surface 5 of the tool body 1 by means of a hexagonal key 35. A second portion of the tool body side hole 24 is closed by a plug 46.

[0093] Now we will mainly refer to Figure 6-7 The steps of mounting the cutting insert 8 in the insert seat of the first embodiment of the turning tool are described.

[0094] Due to the spring 29 and the play allowed by the clamp 38 in the recess 40, the clamping member is held biased upward to a position in which the cutting insert 9 can be placed in the insert seat 8 beneath the clamping arm 13. After the cutting insert is placed, the hexagonal key 35 is inserted into the first portion of the tool body's lateral bore 24 and engages with the socket 34. By rotating the hexagonal key 35 clockwise, the actuating rod 31 is screwed inwardly into the first portion of the tool body's lateral bore 24. In this first portion, the external male threads of the actuating rod 31 engage the internal female threads in the first portion of the tool body's lateral bore 24. The frustoconical outer surface 33 thereby moves inwardly into the through-hole 26 in the shaft 18 and engages an upward-facing abutment surface in the form of the bore wall 30. As the actuating rod 31 is operated and tightened further inward, the frustoconical outer surface 33 slides and presses against the abutment surface 30, thereby forcing the shaft 18 to slide axially downward in the tool body's bore 10, overcoming the biasing force from the spring 29. Eventually, the downwardly facing clamping surface 21 of the head 20 engages the base top surface 14 and pushes the base 12, along with the protruding clamping arms 13, toward the tool body top surface 4. This causes the flange 39 of the base to slide against the surface in the recess 36, thereby pulling the clamping member 11 rearwardly in the direction toward the shaft portion 2 of the tool body 1. This relative movement of the clamping member 11 and the shaft 18 is enabled by the elliptical cross-section of the clamping member through-hole 16.

[0095] As the actuating rod 31 causes the shaft 18 of the clamping pin 17 to slide axially downward within the tool body bore 10, the clamping arm 13 engages the cutting insert 9 in the insert seat 8 and pushes the cutting insert 9 downward and rearward against the support surface in the insert seat 8. When the clamping pin 17 has reached the first axial position, the cutting insert 9 is clamped in the insert seat 8, with the cutting edge exposed in the desired position. Furthermore, because the portion of the actuating rod 31 having a diameter substantially identical to that of the access opening of the through-hole 26 in the shaft 18 is located within the access opening in the first portion, the shaft 18 is releasably locked against axial sliding in both directions. Furthermore, the clamping pin is advantageously locked against relative rotation relative to the tool body 1 by form-locking the actuating rod 31 against the side surface 30 of the through-hole 26. Clamping of the cutting insert 9 in the insert seat 8 is advantageously achieved by operating the actuating rod 31 from the side of the turning tool while the clamping pin 11 applies the clamping force from above.

[0096] The coolant fluid is provided by connecting an inlet opening 45 at the lower end of the tool body bore 10 to an external coolant fluid source via a tool body coolant passage 48. When the shaft 18 is in the first axial position, the inlet opening 45 is located below the lower end of the shaft 18. The coolant fluid flows upward from the inlet opening 45 into the tool body bore 10, passes through a reduced diameter outer surface portion 49 at the shaft 18, and exits through the opening into the through-bore 26. In this tool body bore, the coolant fluid is prevented from escaping the tool body bore 10 by a plug 46 in the second portion of the tool body side bore 24, by an actuating rod in the first portion of the tool body side bore 10, and by a sealing ring 27 on the shaft 18. Instead, the coolant fluid is forced through an inlet opening 43 in the downwardly facing wall of the through-bore 26 into the longitudinally extending interior portion of the coolant fluid passage 23. From an interior location in the head 20, the coolant fluid flows through the first interior outlet passage 41 and exits through the first outlet opening 22 in the head 20.

[0097] In the first axial position, the first outlet opening 22 in the head 20 is located above the basic body top surface 4. Due to the pressure provided at the coolant fluid source and the position and angle of the outlet channel 41, the exiting coolant fluid is directed to the cutting edge of the cutting insert 9 clamped in the insert seat 8. The extension of the clamping arm 13 can advantageously be selected according to preference and is independent of the desired direction of coolant fluid flow.

[0098] The first embodiment of the turning tool described above can advantageously be operated from the first and second tool body side surfaces 5, 6. The tool body side hole 24, including the first and second parts, is mirror-symmetrical about a center plane, which is located between the first and second tool body side surfaces and includes the longitudinal axis of the shaft 18. The symmetry plane corresponds to Figure 5 The shaft 18 of the clamping pin 17 is axially slidable in the tool body bore 10 in two angular positions spaced 180° apart, so that in a first axial position the shaft entry opening selectively faces either the first portion of the tool body side hole 24 or the second portion of the tool body side hole 24 .

[0099] The first outlet opening 22 is angularly spaced 180° from the second outlet opening. Depending on the angular position, one of the first or second outlet openings 22 in the head faces the cutting blade 9 and the other outlet opening faces rearwards and is blocked by the plug 47.

[0100] In other embodiments, the first and second portions of the tool body side aperture 24 may be angled relative to each other so that they are not linearly aligned.The coolant outlet openings 20 in the head 22 of the clamping pin 17 are then spaced apart at the same angle.

[0101] The actuating rod 31 is selectively movably mounted in the first or second portion of the tool body side hole 24, wherein the other of the portions is blocked by the plug 46. As described above, clamping from the second tool body side surface 6 is performed corresponding to clamping from the first tool body side surface 5.

[0102] exist Figure 8-10 and Figure 11-13 , the second and third embodiments of the present invention are shown, and the second and third embodiments differ from the first embodiment mainly in the design of the locking mechanism. Therefore, the first and second embodiments are described only with respect to their locking mechanisms and related features.

[0103] exist Figure 8-10 In the second embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a tool body side hole 24 having a similar design to that of the first embodiment. Thus, the tool body side hole 24 includes a first portion connecting the opening in the first tool body side surface 5 with the tool body bore 10, and a second portion connecting the opening in the second tool body side surface 6 with the tool body bore 10.

[0104] A shaft recess in the form of a through-hole 26 extending transversely through the shaft 18 is also part of the locking mechanism. The through-hole 26 has a central longitudinal axis that intersects the longitudinal axis 19 at an angle of approximately 90°, and an entry opening and an exit opening that are the same axial distance from the head 20. The through-hole 26 has an abutment surface in the form of an upwardly facing hole wall 30.

[0105] The locking mechanism of the second embodiment further includes an actuating lever 31 having an engagement section 32 at its inner portion. The engagement section includes an eccentric portion 50 having a cam surface 51 as an engagement surface. The outer end of the actuating lever is cylindrical. The outer end surface of the actuating lever 31 is provided with a hexagonal socket 34 facing away from the eccentric portion 50.

[0106] Both portions of the tool body side bore 10 have a threaded portion for threadably receiving the plug 46 and a smooth portion for supporting the outer end of the actuating rod 31. The actuating rod 31 is rotatably supported, with the outer end of the actuating rod 31 located in an engaging section within the first portion of the tool body side bore 24 and the through hole 26. Axial movement of the actuating rod 31 is prevented by the eccentric portion 50 abutting against the side wall of the tool body bore 10.

[0107] To clamp the cutting insert 8 in the insert seat 9, a hexagonal key is inserted into the first portion of the tool body side bore and engages with the socket 34. By rotating the hexagonal key 35 clockwise, the eccentric portion 51 rotates in the through-hole 26 and engages with an abutment surface in the form of the upward-facing bore wall 30. As the actuating rod 31 is further rotated, the cam surface 51 slides and presses against the abutment surface 30, thereby pushing the shaft 18, causing it to slide axially downward in the tool body bore 10, overcoming the biasing force from the spring 29. Ultimately, the clamping pin 17 reaches the first axial position and is releasably locked in the tool body bore due to at least the friction between the cam surface 51 and the upward-facing bore wall 30.

[0108] like Figure 11-13 The locking mechanism of the third embodiment shown includes a tool body aperture in the form of a through hole 52. The tool body through hole 52 extends from an opening in the tool body top surface 4 to an opening in the tool body bottom surface 7. The locking mechanism also includes a threaded portion at the lower end of the shaft 18 and includes a nut 53.

[0109] To clamp the cutting insert 8 in the insert seat 9, the clamping pin 17 is pushed downward by pressing against the head 20 until the threaded portion at the lower end of the shaft protrudes beyond the tool body bottom surface 7. A nut is screwed onto the threads of the threaded portion of the shaft 18. As the nut 53 is rotated further, the nut slides against the bottom surface 7 and pushes the shaft 18, causing it to slide axially downward in the tool body bore 10, overcoming the biasing force from the spring 29. Ultimately, the clamping pin 17 reaches the first axial position and is releasably locked in the tool body bore due to at least friction in the threads and friction between the nut 53 and the bottom surface 7.

[0110] exist Figure 14 , a fourth embodiment of a turning tool according to the present invention is shown. Figure 1-7 The embodiment shown differs in that the clamping member 11 is an integral part of the tool body 1. The tool body includes a weakened portion 54 that acts as a living hinge and is used to bias the clamping member away from the tool body top surface 4. The fourth embodiment shown has the same type of locking mechanism as described in conjunction with the first embodiment. However, the fourth embodiment also functions with the locking mechanisms of the second and third embodiments.

Claims

1. A turning tool for metal cutting, comprising: - a tool body (1), said tool body (1) having a tool body top surface (4), and said tool body (1) comprising: - an insert seat (8) arranged at a front end in the tool body top surface (4) for receiving a cutting insert (9), and - a tool body bore (10) spaced apart from the insert seat (8) and extending downwardly from an opening in the tool body top surface (4), - a clamping member (11) arranged at the tool body top surface (4) and comprising: - a base body (12), said base body (12) comprising: - a base body top surface (14) and a base body bottom surface (15) facing said tool body top surface (4), and a clamping member through-hole (16) extending from an opening in the base body top surface (14) to an opening in the base body bottom surface (15), and aligned with the tool body bore (10), and a clamping arm (13) which projects from the basic body (12) and extends at least partially over the insert seat (8), and - a clamping pin (17) connecting the tool body (1) and the clamping member (11), and comprising: a longitudinal shaft (18) having a longitudinal axis (19) and extending through the clamping member through-hole (16) and into the tool body bore (10), wherein the longitudinal shaft (18) is axially movably received in the tool body bore (10) and is operable to move to a first axial position, - a head (20) at the upper end of said longitudinal axis (18), and a coolant fluid channel (23) having a first outlet opening (22) in the head (20), wherein the clamping pin (17) is configured to engage the basic body (12) in the first axial position and push the basic body (12) together with the protruding clamping arm (13) toward the tool body top surface (4), whereby the cutting insert (9) is clamped in the insert seat (8) when the cutting insert (9) is received in the insert seat (8), It is characterized by: - in the first axial position, the first outlet opening (22) in the head (20) is located above the base body top surface (14), - the longitudinal shaft (18) is received in the tool body bore (10) in an axially slidable manner, and - The turning tool further comprises a locking mechanism configured to releasably lock the longitudinal shaft (18) in the tool body bore (10) in the first axial position to at least prevent the longitudinal shaft (18) from sliding axially toward the tool body top surface (4).

2. A turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism is constructed to releasably lock the longitudinal axis (18) in the tool body bore (10) by shape locking in the first axial position to prevent relative rotation of the longitudinal axis (18).

3. The turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tool body (1) comprises a first tool body side surface (5) extending downwardly from the tool body top surface (4) on one side of the tool body top surface, and wherein the locking mechanism comprises: - a tool body side hole (24), said tool body side hole (24) comprising a first portion connecting said first tool body side surface (5) with said tool body bore (10), - an abutment surface at said longitudinal axis (18), and an actuating rod (31) movably mounted in the first portion of the tool body side hole (24) and movable relative to the longitudinal axis (18), and comprising an engagement segment (32) at an inner portion of the tool body side hole (24), the engagement segment (32) having an engagement surface for interacting with the abutment surface, and wherein the actuating lever (31) is operable to move to a locked position when the longitudinal shaft (18) is in the first axial position, in which the engagement surface presses against the abutment surface to lock the clamping pin (17) in the first axial position.

4. The turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 3, wherein the locking mechanism further comprises a shaft recess extending from the shaft access opening transversely to the longitudinal axis (19) of the longitudinal shaft (18), wherein - in the first axial position, the shaft entry opening faces the first portion of the tool body side bore (24), and wherein - the abutment surface is an upwardly facing surface in the shaft recess, and When the actuating rod (31) is in the locking position, the engaging section (32) is located in the shaft recess.

5. The turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 4, wherein - the abutment surface is an upwardly facing wedge-shaped surface tapering towards the shaft entry opening, - the engagement surface comprises an inwardly tapering downwardly facing wedge-shaped surface, - and among them, When the actuating lever (31) is operated to move to the locked position, the engagement segment (32) moves inwardly in the shaft recess, whereby the engagement surface slides and presses against the abutment surface to push the longitudinal shaft (18) into the first axial position.

6. A turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 5, wherein the abutment surface and the engagement surface form an angle α of at least 3° and at most 45° with the central longitudinal axis (25) of the first portion of the tool body side hole (24) when viewed in a cross section including the longitudinal axis (19) of the longitudinal axis (18) and the central longitudinal axis (25) of the first portion of the tool body side hole (24).

7. A turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 6, wherein the shaft recess is a through hole (26) having a central longitudinal axis (56), and the central longitudinal axis (56) of the through hole (26) intersects the central longitudinal axis (25) of the first part of the tool body side hole (24) at the same angle α.

8. The turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 7, wherein - the engagement surface comprises a surface (33) shaped as a frustum of a cone, - the actuating rod (31) comprises a male thread which engages with a female thread in the first portion of the tool body side hole (24), - and among them, When the actuating rod (31) is operated to move to the locking position, the actuating rod (31) is tightened inward.

9. The turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 8, wherein - the tool body bore (10) comprises a coolant fluid inlet opening, wherein when the longitudinal axis (18) is in the first axial position, the coolant fluid inlet opening is located below the lower end of the longitudinal axis (18), - the coolant fluid channel (23) of the clamping pin (17) is an internal channel having a coolant fluid inlet opening in a downwardly facing surface in the shaft recess in the form of the through hole (26), and wherein - the longitudinal shaft (18) has an outer surface portion between the lower end and the axial exit opening of the through hole (26), the outer surface portion being positioned at a distance from the longitudinal axis (19) that is less than the radius of the tool body bore (10) to allow coolant fluid to pass from the inlet opening of the tool body bore (10) through the longitudinal shaft (18) in the tool body bore (10) to the inlet opening of the internal channel of the clamping pin (17).

10. The turning tool for metal cutting according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein - the head (20) has a longitudinally extending front side surface, wherein the first outlet opening (22) is located in the front side surface, - the coolant fluid channel (23) comprises a first internal outlet channel (41) having a central longitudinal axis (42) and extending from an internal position in the head (20) to the first outlet opening (22), and wherein - said central longitudinal axis (42) of said first internal outlet channel (41) and said longitudinal axis (19) of said longitudinal shaft form an acute angle β, said acute angle β having a value of 45° or greater.

11. The turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 10, wherein - The extension of the central longitudinal axis (42) of the first internal outlet channel (41) intersects the point at which the active cutting edge of the cutting insert (9) is located when the cutting insert (9) is clamped in the insert seat (8).

12. The turning tool for metal cutting according to claim 4, wherein - the tool body (1) comprises a second tool body side surface (6) extending downwardly from the tool body top surface (4) on a side opposite to the first tool body side surface (5), - the tool body side hole (24) further comprises a second portion connecting the second tool body side surface (6) with the tool body channel (10), - the longitudinal shaft (18) is axially slidable in the tool body bore (10) in two angular positions spaced 180° apart, such that in the first axial position the shaft entry opening selectively faces: - said first portion of said tool body side hole (24), or - said second portion of said tool body side hole (24), - the coolant fluid channel (23) has a second outlet opening (22) in the head (20), the second outlet opening (22) being angularly spaced 180° from the first outlet opening (22), - and wherein the actuating rod (31) is selectively movably mounted in the first part or the second part of the side hole (24) of the tool body, and the actuating rod (31) is operable in both positions so as to move to the locked position when the longitudinal shaft (18) is in the first axial position with a matching angular position.

13. The turning tool for metal cutting according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the clamping member (11) is a separable component.

14. A turning tool for metal cutting according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the clamping member (11) is biased away from the tool body top surface (4).

15. The turning tool for metal cutting according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the turning tool further comprises a cutting insert (9) accommodated in the insert seat (8).

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