A double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof, the method comprising the steps of: mixing 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium solution and N, N, N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution, then adding xanthan gum solution to obtain a first mixed solution; adding an initiator and a cross-linking agent to the first mixed solution to obtain a second mixed solution; discharging oxygen in the second mixed solution, polymerizing at a preset temperature for a preset time to obtain a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte. The present invention obtains an amphoteric polymer by thermal initiation polymerization, and then obtains an amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte of a dual network by physical and chemical cross-linking with xanthan gum, the amphoteric polymer can provide charge carriers, and can synergistically improve the water retention and mechanical properties of the electrolyte with xanthan gum, and due to the strong adhesion of xanthan gum, the electrolyte is firmly in contact with the electrode, and the interface resistance can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of supercapacitors, and in particular to a double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development and promotion of portable, flexible wearable electronic products, seeking to match them with flexible electrochemical energy storage devices has become a research hotspot and difficulty in the current academic and industrial circles. Compared with flexible batteries, supercapacitors have the advantages of fast charging speed, long cycle life, and high power density, and are considered to be a more promising choice for future electrochemical energy storage devices. However, in order to meet the requirements of different applications (such as folding, twisting, stretching, extrusion, high temperature, etc.), flexible supercapacitors still face many huge challenges. The problems that need to be solved include poor high-temperature applicability, poor stretchability, and weak contact between gel electrolyte and electrodes. Therefore, the design of a high-performance hydrogel electrolyte to improve the performance of flexible supercapacitors needs further exploration.

[0003] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the problems of poor stretchability of the electrolyte and weak electrode contact of the existing supercapacitors.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A method for preparing a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, comprising the steps of:

[0007] Mixing a 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium solution and a N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution, and then adding a xanthan gum solution to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0008] adding an initiator and a cross-linking agent to the first mixed solution to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0009] The oxygen in the second mixed solution is discharged, and a polymerization reaction is carried out at a preset temperature for a preset time to obtain the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte.

[0010] The preparation method of the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, wherein the sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate solution is an aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 50% of sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate, and the N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution is an aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 50% of N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride; the volume ratio of the sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate solution to the N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution is (17-19):(21-23).

[0011] The method for preparing the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, wherein the concentration of the xanthan gum in the first mixed solution is 20 to 80 mg / mL.

[0012] The preparation method of the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, wherein the initiator is one of potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, ammonium persulfate, and cumene hydroperoxide.

[0013] The method for preparing the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, wherein the cross-linking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide or acrylamide.

[0014] The method for preparing the dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, wherein the preset temperature is 60-70° C., and the preset time is 10-15 hours.

[0015] The preparation method of the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, wherein the added amount of the initiator is 0.2% of the total molar amount of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate sodium and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride, and the added amount of the cross-linking agent is 0.5% of the total molar amount of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate sodium and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride.

[0016] A double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, wherein it is prepared by the preparation method described in the above scheme of the present invention.

[0017] The double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte comprises an amphoteric polymer and xanthan gum, wherein the amphoteric polymer and the xanthan gum are cross-linked to form a double-network structure, and the amphoteric polymer is obtained by polymerization of sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride.

[0018] A supercapacitor comprises two activated carbon electrodes and a double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte as described in the above embodiment of the present invention arranged between the two activated carbon electrodes.

[0019] Beneficial effect: The present invention discloses a double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. The amphoteric polymer system is obtained by thermally initiating a polymerization reaction of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium and N, N, N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride, and then a double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte is prepared by physical crosslinking and chemical crosslinking with high-viscosity xanthan gum. The amphoteric polymer in the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte contains a charge carrier Na + and Cl - , which can provide charge carriers by itself, does not need to add electrolyte salts when used, and can improve the tensile strength and water retention of the electrolyte. At the same time, due to the strong water retention capacity of xanthan gum, the amphoteric polymer can cooperate with xanthan gum to improve the water retention and mechanical properties of the electrolyte. The electrolyte prepared by the preparation method of the present invention still has good electrochemical properties under stretching, twisting and load conditions, and due to the strong adhesion of xanthan gum, the hydrogel electrolyte is in very firm contact with the electrode, which can reduce the interface resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the test results of ionic conductivity of hydrogel electrolytes with different xanthan gum concentrations.

[0022] Figure 3 (a) is the structural formula of the first network in the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 (b) is the structural formula of the second network in the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a supercapacitor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 The optical microscope photograph is of the interface between the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte and the capacitor electrode prepared by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6These are test diagrams of the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte prepared in Example 1 of the present invention lighting up an LED as a conductive part in different states; among them, (a) bending; (b) stretching; (c) twisting; and (d) compression.

[0027] Figure 7 The figures are test diagrams of using a supercapacitor with a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte prepared in Example 1 of the present invention in different states to supply power to an electronic meter; wherein, (a) normal state; (b) compressed state; (c) 90° bent state; and (d) 180° bent state.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the test results of the cycle performance of a supercapacitor using the dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte prepared in Example 1 of the present invention in a 50° C. constant temperature box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention provides a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. To make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] With the development and promotion of portable, flexible wearable electronic products, seeking to match them with flexible electrochemical energy storage devices has become a research hotspot and difficulty in the current academic and industrial circles. Compared with flexible batteries, supercapacitors have the advantages of fast charging speed, long cycle life, and high power density, and are considered to be a more promising choice for future electrochemical energy storage devices. However, in order to meet the requirements of different applications (such as folding, twisting, stretching, extrusion, high temperature, etc.), flexible supercapacitors still face many huge challenges. The problems that need to be solved include poor high-temperature applicability, poor stretchability, and weak contact between gel electrolyte and electrodes. Therefore, the design of a high-performance hydrogel electrolyte to improve the performance of flexible supercapacitors needs further exploration.

[0031] Based on this, the present invention provides a method for preparing a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, see Figure 1 , which comprises the steps of:

[0032] S10, mixing the sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate solution and the N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution, and then adding the xanthan gum solution to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0033] S20, adding an initiator and a cross-linking agent to the first mixed solution to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0034] S30, exhausting oxygen in the second mixed solution, polymerizing at a preset temperature for a preset time to obtain the dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte

[0035] Specifically, the present invention obtains an amphoteric polymer system by thermally initiating a polymerization reaction of sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride, and then prepares a double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte by physical crosslinking and chemical crosslinking with high-viscosity xanthan gum. The amphoteric polymer in the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte contains a charge carrier Na + and Cl - , which can provide charge carriers by itself, does not need to add electrolyte salts when used, and can improve the tensile strength and water retention of the electrolyte. At the same time, due to the strong water retention capacity of xanthan gum, the amphoteric polymer can cooperate with xanthan gum to improve the water retention and mechanical properties of the electrolyte. The electrolyte prepared by the preparation method of the present invention still has good electrochemical properties under stretching, twisting and load conditions, and due to the strong adhesion of xanthan gum, the hydrogel electrolyte is in very firm contact with the electrode, which can reduce the interface resistance. The electrolyte of the present invention can be used in flexible supercapacitors and flexible sodium ion batteries.

[0036] In some embodiments, the sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate solution is an aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 50% of sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate, and the N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution is an aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 50% of N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride.

[0037] In some embodiments, the volume ratio of the sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate solution to the N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution is (17-19):(21-23).

[0038] In some embodiments, the concentration of the xanthan gum in the mixed solution is 20 to 80 mg / mL. When the concentration of the xanthan gum solution in the mixed solution is too high or too low, the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte finally prepared will be low. In order to determine the optimal concentration of xanthan gum, under the same other conditions, the concentrations of xanthan gum are respectively limited to 20 mg / mL, 40 mg / mL, 60 mg / mL, and 80 mg / mL to prepare hydrogel electrolytes, and their ionic conductivity is tested. The test results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that when the concentration of xanthan gum is 60 mg / mL, the electrolyte ion conductivity is the highest.

[0039] In some embodiments, the initiator is one of potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, ammonium persulfate, and isopropylbenzene hydroperoxide. The initiator is mainly used to initiate a polymerization reaction between the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium solution and the N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution under heating conditions, thereby quickly forming an amphoteric polymer network.

[0040] In some embodiments, the cross-linking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide or acrylamide. On the one hand, the cross-linking agent is used to cross-link and polymerize the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium solution and the N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution to form an amphoteric polymer. On the other hand, physical entanglement is formed between the chain segments of the xanthan gum and the amphoteric polymer, thereby forming a hydrogel electrolyte with a double network structure.

[0041] In some embodiments, the preset temperature is 60-70° C., at which temperature the initiator can initiate the polymerization reaction, and the preset time is 10-15 hours, during which the polymerization reaction can be fully and completely carried out.

[0042] In some embodiments, the amount of the initiator added is 0.2% of the total molar amount of sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride, and the amount of the cross-linking agent added is 0.5% of the total molar amount of sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride. Only a small amount of the initiator needs to be added to initiate the polymerization reaction under heating conditions.

[0043] The present invention also provides a double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, which is prepared by the preparation method described in the above scheme of the present invention.

[0044] In this embodiment, the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte includes an amphoteric polymer and xanthan gum, the amphoteric polymer and the xanthan gum are cross-linked to form a double-network structure, and the amphoteric polymer is obtained by polymerization of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride; the first network in the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte is an amphoteric polymer system, that is, an amphoteric polymer formed by cross-linking polymerization of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride, and its structural formula is as follows Figure 3(a); the second network is a xanthan gum system, which is a hydrogel of xanthan gum, and its structural formula is as follows Figure 3 (b) as shown.

[0045] The present invention also discloses a super capacitor, see Figure 4 , which comprises two activated carbon electrodes 10, 30 and a double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte 20 as described in the above embodiment of the present invention disposed between the two activated carbon electrodes 10 and 30.

[0046] Figure 5 This is an optical microscope photograph of the interface between the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte and the capacitor electrode prepared in the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte membrane is in very firm contact with the electrode.

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention but not to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A method for preparing a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte comprises the following steps:

[0050] S10, mixing 9.5 mL of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium solution and 10.5 mL of N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution, then adding xanthan gum solution until the concentration of the xanthan gum solution is 60 mg / mL, and mixing at room temperature to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0051] S20, adding 5 mg of potassium persulfate initiator and 8 mg of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide cross-linking agent to the first mixed solution to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0052] S30, discharging oxygen in the second mixed solution, and performing polymerization reaction at 60° C. for 12 hours to obtain the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A method for preparing a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte comprises the following steps:

[0055] S10, mixing 9.0 mL of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium solution and 10.5 mL of N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution, then adding xanthan gum solution until the concentration of the xanthan gum solution is 20 mg / mL, and mixing at room temperature to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0056] S20, adding 5 mg of potassium persulfate initiator and 8 mg of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide cross-linking agent to the first mixed solution to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0057] S30, discharging oxygen in the second mixed solution, and performing polymerization reaction at 70° C. for 14 hours to obtain the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] A method for preparing a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte comprises the following steps:

[0060] S10, mixing 9.5 mL of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium solution and 11.5 mL of N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution, then adding xanthan gum solution until the concentration of xanthan gum is 80 mg / mL, and mixing at room temperature to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0061] S20, adding 5 mg of potassium persulfate initiator and 8 mg of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide cross-linking agent to the first mixed solution to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0062] S30, discharging oxygen in the second mixed solution, and performing polymerization reaction at 60° C. for 11 hours to obtain the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte.

[0063] In order to further understand the mechanical properties of the electrolyte prepared in the present invention, the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte prepared in Example 1 was used as a conductive part to light up an LED test in different states. The test process is as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the hydrogel electrolyte still has good electrochemical properties under conditions of bending, stretching, twisting, and compression.

[0064] The present invention also conducted a test of using the dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte prepared in Example 1 in different states to assemble a supercapacitor to supply power to an electronic watch. The test process is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the flexible supercapacitor assembled using the electrolyte can normally provide electrical energy to the electronic watch when bent 90° and 180° and compressed.

[0065] The present invention also tests the cycle performance of the supercapacitor assembled with the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte prepared in Example 1 in a 50°C constant temperature box, specifically, the electrode prepared with porous activated carbon as the active material is used as the electrode of the capacitor, and the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte is used as the electrolyte and the diaphragm. -1 The current density cross-current charge and discharge test, the test results are as follows Figure 8 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the supercapacitor assembled by the hydrogel has good cycle stability at 50°C. -1 After 7500 cycles at the current density, the capacity retention rate is still as high as 84.2%, and the coulombic efficiency is close to 100%.

[0066] In summary, the present invention discloses a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the steps of: mixing a sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate solution and a N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution, and then adding a xanthan gum solution to obtain a first mixed solution; adding an initiator and a crosslinking agent to the first mixed solution to obtain a second mixed solution; discharging oxygen in the second mixed solution, and polymerizing at a preset temperature for a preset time to obtain the dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte. The present invention obtains an amphoteric polymer system by thermally initiating a polymerization reaction of sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride, and then preparing a dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte by physical crosslinking and chemical crosslinking with high-viscosity xanthan gum. The amphoteric polymer in the dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte contains a charge carrier Na + and Cl - , which can provide charge carriers by itself, does not need to add electrolyte salts when used, and can improve the tensile strength and water retention of the electrolyte. At the same time, due to the strong water retention capacity of xanthan gum, the amphoteric polymer can cooperate with xanthan gum to improve the water retention and mechanical properties of the electrolyte. The electrolyte prepared by the preparation method of the present invention still has good electrochemical properties under stretching, twisting and load conditions, and due to the strong adhesion of xanthan gum, the hydrogel electrolyte is in very firm contact with the electrode, which can reduce the interface resistance. The electrolyte of the present invention can be used in flexible supercapacitors and flexible sodium ion batteries.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, characterized in that: Includes steps: Mixing a 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium solution and a N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution, and then adding a xanthan gum solution to obtain a first mixed solution; adding an initiator and a cross-linking agent to the first mixed solution to obtain a second mixed solution; Expelling oxygen from the second mixed solution, performing polymerization reaction at a preset temperature and for a preset time, to obtain the dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte; The concentration of the xanthan gum in the first mixed solution is 20 to 80 mg / mL; The preset temperature is 60-70° C., and the preset time is 10-15 hours.

2. The method for preparing the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate solution is an aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 50% of sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate, and the N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution is an aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 50% of N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride; the volume ratio of the sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate solution to the N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride solution is (17-19):(21-23).

3. The method for preparing the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiator is one of potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, ammonium persulfate, and cumene hydroperoxide.

4. The method for preparing the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-linking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide or acrylamide.

5. The method for preparing the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The added amount of the initiator is 0.2% of the total molar amount of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate sodium and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride, and the added amount of the cross-linking agent is 0.5% of the total molar amount of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonate sodium and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride.

6. A dual-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte, characterized in that: The method is as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte according to claim 6, characterized in that: The double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte comprises an amphoteric polymer and xanthan gum, wherein the amphoteric polymer and the xanthan gum are cross-linked to form a double-network structure, and the amphoteric polymer is obtained by polymerizing 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium and N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(2-methylallylamino)-1-propylammonium chloride.

8. A supercapacitor, characterized in that: The invention comprises two activated carbon electrodes and the double-network amphoteric polymer hydrogel electrolyte as claimed in claim 6 or 7 arranged between the two activated carbon electrodes.

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