Automatic exhaust device for hydraulic mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism, comprising an air collecting box, a suspension mechanism and an exhaust mechanism installed on the air collecting box; the air collecting box is a square box body surrounded by six faces, a circular air outlet is provided on the top of the air collecting box, an oil inlet is provided on the bottom, and an observation window is provided in front of the air collecting box; the suspension mechanism comprises a vertical support rod provided at the top of the air collecting box, a cross bar slidably provided on the vertical support rod, a floating ball provided at the left end of the cross bar, and a traction member provided at the right end of the cross bar. The present invention greatly reduces the workload of manual exhaust, and only requires maintenance of the automatic exhaust device, thereby avoiding the frequent pressure-on problem caused by the inability to timely remove the precipitated gas in the hydraulic oil due to the sudden drop in temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic system maintenance, and in particular to an automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the coverage of ultra-high voltage transmission networks has been continuously expanded, and the requirements for power supply reliability have been continuously improved. In large substations with voltage levels of 500kV and above, circuit breakers with hydraulic (hydraulic disc spring) operating mechanisms have gradually become the first choice in equipment selection.

[0003] The hydraulic (hydraulic disc spring) mechanism has many advantages, such as large operating energy, stable output power, high reliability and not susceptible to environmental influences, which are crucial to the stable and reliable operation of the circuit breaker. The hydraulic mechanism uses hydraulic oil as an energy transfer carrier, and drives the oil pump to compress nitrogen or disc springs to store energy through the motor. However, sometimes the motor fails to build pressure normally, resulting in frequent motor startup and endangering the normal operation of the hydraulic system. All hydraulic mechanisms have this common problem, that is, frequent pressure.

[0004] During the actual on-site inspection and maintenance of the hydraulic mechanism, it was found that frequent pressure defects were mostly caused by the "cavitation" phenomenon after the low-pressure hydraulic oil entered the oil pump or the sudden change in temperature causing air to precipitate from the hydraulic oil in the oil pump, which caused the motor to idle and fail to build pressure.

[0005] At present, the existing preventive measures are mainly to exhaust the gas manually at the low-pressure oil tank or oil pump. For example, the invention patent with the publication number CN209053851U discloses an automatic gas collection and exhaust device for the low-pressure oil circuit of a hydraulic mechanism, including: a gas collecting box, a solenoid valve, and a liquid level sensor; the solenoid valve is arranged on the top of the gas collecting box, the sensing head of the liquid level sensor is installed inside the gas collecting box, and the liquid level sensor is connected to the solenoid valve; the connecting hole on the gas collecting box is a through hole opened at the bottom of the gas collecting box, and the gas collecting box is connected to the exhaust port of the oil pump through the connecting hole; the device can collect the gas in the low-pressure oil circuit of the switch together, and when the collected gas reaches a certain amount, it can automatically sense the changes in the internal environment of the gas collecting box through the liquid level sensor, thereby sending a signal to control the solenoid valve, and realize the function of automatically discharging the accumulated gas. However, this method requires changes to the secondary circuit of the equipment, and the failure rate will increase as a result. The invention patent with publication number CN104976180A discloses a hydraulic cylinder exhaust structure, including an exhaust hole opened on a screw plug and a cylinder head, and an exhaust member with an exhaust groove, at least one positioning edge or positioning protrusion is provided on the exhaust member, and a slide groove matching the positioning edge or positioning protrusion is provided in the exhaust hole; the screw plug includes a cylindrical clamping section and an installation section, and the diameter of the installation section is larger than the diameter of the clamping section, and the exhaust member is provided with a clamping groove for inserting the clamping section, and the installation section is threadedly matched with the exhaust hole. The hydraulic cylinder exhaust structure of the present application can be quickly installed, and the exhaust groove can be aligned with the exhaust channel at one time.

[0006] As the number of hydraulic mechanisms in operation increases, the workload of manual periodic exhaust increases sharply and is prone to work omissions. At the same time, the increase in gas caused by sudden changes in temperature cannot be discharged in time, which still leads to the defect of frequent pressure. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcoming of frequent pressurization of the hydraulic mechanism in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism. By installing the device at the connection between the oil pump and the low-pressure oil circuit, when the gas accumulates to a set capacity, the excess gas is automatically discharged to ensure that there is not too much air mixed in the hydraulic oil.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism, comprising an air collecting box, and a suspension mechanism and an exhaust mechanism installed on the air collecting box; the air collecting box is a square box body surrounded by six faces, a circular air outlet is provided on the top of the air collecting box, an oil inlet is provided on the bottom, and an observation window is provided in front of the air collecting box; the suspension mechanism comprises a vertical support rod arranged at the top of the air collecting box, a horizontal rod slidably arranged on the vertical support rod, a float arranged at the left end of the horizontal rod and a traction member arranged at the right end of the horizontal rod; the exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust outer pipe installed at the circular air outlet and extending to the outside of the air collecting box, a vent plug located in the exhaust outer pipe and slidably matched with the circular air outlet, an elastic reset member arranged on the vent plug, and a plug arranged at the lower end of the vent plug and fixedly connected to the traction member.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the plug is conical, and the diameter of the cone surface is larger than the aperture of the circular air outlet. The plug and the circular air outlet have two matching states: open and closed.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the elastic return member is a spring, the spring is sleeved on the vent plug, a baffle is fixedly provided on the vent plug, and the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected to the baffle.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an oil inlet pipe is provided at the oil inlet, and the oil inlet pipe connects the air collecting box and the oil pump.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a maintenance valve is installed on the oil inlet pipe to facilitate oil circuit maintenance.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a protective cover is provided at the upper end of the vent plug.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the observation window is made of transparent glass, which is convenient for observing the quality of the hydraulic oil.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the vent plug is a hollow aluminum tube with a 90° bend at the upper part and a square hole at the lower part. When the vent plug moves to the square hole and extends into the gas collecting box, the gas enters the vent plug through the square hole and is discharged.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a vertical slide groove is provided on the vertical support rod, and the cross bar is slidably matched with the vertical slide groove, and the cross bar always maintains a horizontal state.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a vertical narrow slide is arranged on the front side of the vertical support rod, scales are marked on both sides of the narrow slide, a pointer is slidably arranged in the narrow slide, the needle tip of the pointer points to the scale, and the pointer is fixedly connected to the cross bar.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a micro switch is arranged on the top of the vertical slide groove, the micro switch terminal is facing upward and the switch button is facing downward, and a contact block is arranged on the upper part of the cross bar, and the contact block and the micro switch have two positional relationships: when the contact block is not in contact with the micro switch, the micro switch is in a circuit disconnected state; when the contact block is in contact with the micro switch, the contact block presses the switch button and puts the micro switch in a circuit closed state; the micro switch is electrically connected to the relay, and the relay is also connected to an indicator light, a power supply and a background alarm device. The power supply supplies power to the entire circuit, and the control light will light up when the circuit is connected. When the exhaust device fails, the background alarm device will start.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention greatly reduces the workload of manual exhaust, and only the automatic exhaust device needs to be maintained, thereby avoiding the frequent pressure problems caused by the failure to remove the gas precipitated in the hydraulic oil in time due to the sudden drop in temperature.

[0021] 2. The observation window of the automatic exhaust device is made of transparent glass, which makes it easy to observe the quality of the hydraulic oil, helps the staff to promptly discover the deterioration trend of the hydraulic oil, and improves the stability and reliability of the equipment operation.

[0022] 3. The automatic exhaust device is a purely mechanical mechanism with a simple structure and all components are made of integrated materials, which greatly reduces the failure rate of the automatic exhaust device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the device in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vent plug in Example 2.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the narrow slide, pointer and scale in Example 3.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of Example 4.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the micro switch and the contact block.

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a micro switch.

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of another type of micro switch.

[0031] In the figure: 1-gas collecting box, 101-observation window, 102-oil inlet, 103-circular outlet, 2-vertical support rod, 201-vertical slide, 2011-narrow slide, 202-float, 203-cross bar, 2031-pointer, 204-traction piece, 3-exhaust outer pipe, 301-air venting plug, 3011-square hole, 302-blocking piece, 303-spring, 304-plug, 4-oil inlet pipe, 401-inspection valve, 5-scale, 6-protective cover, 7-micro switch, 701-contact block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. The front, back, left, and right directions involved in the present invention are all based on Figure 1 As a reference, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means a limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it includes an air collecting box 1, which is a square metal box body surrounded by six faces. A circular air outlet 103 is provided on the right side of the top of the air collecting box 1, an oil inlet 102 is provided at the bottom of the air collecting box 1, and a circular observation window 101 is provided at the front of the air collecting box 1.

[0035] Specifically, the observation window 101 is made of transparent glass, which is convenient for observing the quality of the hydraulic oil.

[0036] An exhaust mechanism is installed at the circular air outlet 103 .

[0037] An oil inlet pipe 4 is installed at the oil inlet port 102, and the oil inlet pipe 4 connects the air collecting box 1 and the oil pump, and the connection is sealed.

[0038] A maintenance valve 401 is installed on the oil inlet pipe 4 to facilitate oil circuit maintenance.

[0039] After the hydraulic oil is connected, the hydraulic oil mixed with gas continuously enters the gas collecting box 1 through the oil inlet 102 , and then the two will be separated, that is, the hydraulic oil is located at the bottom of the gas collecting box 1 , and the gas is located at the top of the gas collecting box 1 .

[0040] The suspension mechanism includes a vertical support rod 2 arranged at the top of the gas collecting box 1 , a cross bar 203 slidably arranged on the vertical support rod 2 , a floating ball 202 arranged at the left end of the cross bar 203 , and a traction member 204 arranged at the right end of the cross bar 203 .

[0041] Specifically, a vertical slide groove 201 is provided on the vertical support rod 2, and the cross bar 203 is slidably matched with the vertical slide groove 201. The cross bar 203 can slide up and down along the vertical slide groove 201, and the cross bar 203 always maintains a horizontal state.

[0042] It should be noted that the float 202 floats on the hydraulic oil surface.

[0043] Optionally, the traction member 204 may be a thin soft rope, a metal wire or a rod that is insoluble in oil. When a thin rope is used, the two ends of the thin rope are respectively tied to the left end of the cross bar 203 and the exhaust mechanism.

[0044] Specific reference Figure 2 The exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust outer pipe 3 installed at the air outlet circular port 103 and extending upward, a vent plug 301 located in the exhaust outer pipe 3 and slidingly matched with the air outlet circular port 103, an elastic return member arranged on the vent plug 301, and a plug 304 arranged at the lower end of the vent plug 301 and fixedly connected to the traction member 204.

[0045] Specific reference Figure 1 A protective cover 6 is provided on the upper end of the vent plug 301.

[0046] The protective cover 6 can be used to block dust and rainwater, preventing them from entering the gas collecting box 1 through the exhaust outer pipe 3 and contaminating and blocking the gas collecting box and its passage.

[0047] Specifically, the plug 304 is conical in shape, with the cone head facing downward, and the diameter of the cone surface is larger than the aperture of the gas outlet circular hole 103. The plug 304 and the gas outlet circular hole 103 have two matching states: open and closed.

[0048] When the vent plug 301 drives the plug 304 to move downward, the plug 304 is out of contact with the gas outlet circular port 103. At this time, the external atmosphere is connected to the gas collecting box 1 through the exhaust outer pipe 3, and exhaust can be performed at this time.

[0049] The elastic reset member is a metal spring 303 , which is sleeved on the vent plug 301 , on which a baffle 302 is fixedly provided, and the upper end of the spring 303 is fixedly connected to the baffle 302 .

[0050] Working principle:

[0051] The lower part of the gas collecting box 1 is the oil inlet 102. Under normal circumstances, the gas collecting box 1 is filled with oil. When there is too much air in the oil, the gas will gather in the upper part of the gas collecting box 1. In the prior art, when the gas content exceeds the warning value, the gas is exhausted. The vent plug 301 on the upper part of the gas collecting box 1 is a manual exhaust structure. When manually exhausting, the top cap of the vent plug 301 needs to be loosened to exhaust. When the oil refills the gas collecting box 1, the top cap needs to be tightened to end the exhaust. The device now adds a suspension mechanism inside the gas collecting box 1. At this time, when the gas collecting box 1 is filled with hydraulic oil, the float 202 floats on the top of the gas collecting box 1. When the air gradually increases, the float 202 gradually moves downward with the increase of gas. When it drops to a certain level, the exhaust mechanism is pulled downward by the cross bar 203 and the traction member 204, and the gas is instantly discharged. The hydraulic oil fills the gas collecting box 1 again, the float 202 rises, and the exhaust mechanism is reset.

[0052] The working principle of the exhaust mechanism is: the traction member 204 pulls down the plug 304, the plug 304 and the vent plug 301 are integrated and move downward at the same time. At this time, the vent plug 301 will drive the baffle 301 to compress the spring 303 and open the circular air outlet 103 blocked by the plug 304. After the exhaust is completed, the spring 303 will drive the entire exhaust mechanism to reset.

[0053] In order to avoid poor cooperation between the bleed plug 301 and the float 202, a spring 303 is added to the bleed plug so that the bleed plug can be reset in time to avoid overflow of hydraulic oil.

[0054] Optionally, the mechanical structure that drives the float 202 to open the bleed plug 301 can also be changed to electrical control. The electrical contacts are connected in series to the upper part of the float 202. When the gas accumulates to the set value, the electric bleed plug coil is connected. After the coil is energized, the bleed plug is opened by electric force, and the gas is discharged. Then the contacts are disconnected, the coil loses power, and the bleed plug is closed.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 3 As shown, the vent plug 301 is a hollow aluminum tube with a 90° bend at the upper portion and a square hole 3011 at the lower portion. When the vent plug 301 moves until the square hole 3011 extends into the gas collecting box 1, the gas enters the vent plug 301 through the square hole 3011 and is discharged.

[0057] In addition to the exhaust method described in Example 1, the method described in this example can also be used. At this time, the vent plug 301 is sealed with the exhaust outer tube 3, and the upper part of the vent plug 301 is set to be bent, which can replace the role of the protective cover 6. When the traction member 204 pulls down the plug 304, the vent plug 301 slides downward together. At this time, the vent plug 301 will drive the baffle 301 to compress the spring 303 and make the square hole 3011 enter the interior of the air collecting box 1. At the same time, it is equivalent to connecting the outside with the air collecting box 1 through the vent plug 301. At this time, automatic exhaust can be performed due to the pressure difference, and the exhaust mechanism is reset in the same way as described in Example 1.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] On the basis of Example 2, Figure 4 As shown, a vertical narrow slide 2011 is arranged on the front side of the vertical support rod 2, and scales 5 are marked on both sides of the narrow slide 2011. A pointer 2031 is slidably arranged in the narrow slide 2011, and the needle tip of the pointer 2031 points to the scale 5. The pointer 2031 is fixedly connected to the cross bar 203.

[0060] By setting a scale 5 on the front side of the vertical support rod 2, the gas collecting box 1 can be set so that it will automatically exhaust when the gas is collected to a certain value. The specific method is to open a vertical narrow slide 2011 on the front side of the vertical support rod 2, and then slide a pointer 2031 on the vertical narrow slide 2011, and the pointer 2031 is fixedly connected to the cross bar 203, so that the up and down movement of the cross bar 203 will drive the pointer 2031 to slide up and down along the narrow slide 2011. At the same time, the corresponding volume or distance scales are marked on both sides of the narrow slide 2011, and the value corresponding to the scale 5 and the pointer 2031 can be directly observed through the observation window 101.

[0061] In this embodiment, it is also necessary to adjust the distance between the cross bar 203 and the plug 304, as well as the length of the traction member 204, so that a certain value can be set to automatically exhaust the air when the hydraulic oil in the air collecting box 1 is lower than a predetermined value.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] like Figure 5-7 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, an electric control system is also included, which includes an air collecting box 1, a float 202, and a cross bar 203 and a vertical bar are all made of insulating materials. Specifically, a micro switch 7 is installed on the top of the vertical slide 201, the terminal of the micro switch 7 is facing upward, the switch button is facing downward, and the two terminals are respectively connected to positive and negative 110V DC, and the other end of the wire is electrically connected to the micro switch 7. For specific reference Figure 6 Among them, the a2 end is connected to the micro switch, the a1 end is added with a voltage of -110V, the 1 and 2 ends of the relay are connected to the background alarm device, and the 3 and 4 ends are connected to the power supply and control light respectively.

[0064] When the air in the air collecting box 1 increases, the hydraulic oil level in the air collecting box 1 decreases. During this process, the float 202 and the cross bar 203 move downward along the vertical slide groove 201. At this time, the exhaust device will automatically exhaust the air, and the contact block 6 on the cross bar 203 releases the switch button on the micro switch 7. When the switch button is released to the maximum limit position, the node closed circuit is turned on. Conversely, after exhausting, the air in the air collecting box 1 decreases, the oil level rises, the contact block 6 rises again and squeezes the switch button on the micro switch 7, and the node is disconnected.

[0065] When the node is closed, the relay is also connected, and the indicator light comes on. The staff can then know from the remote end that the hydraulic oil in the air collecting box is full and is being exhausted. If a failure occurs during the exhaust process, the background alarm device will detect that the node has been closed or disconnected for a long time. At this time, the background alarm device will sound an alarm to notify the staff to repair it in time to avoid leakage of the hydraulic oil.

[0066] Figure 8 The figure shows another type of push-type micro switch, in which the micro switch 7 is installed on the inner top side of the air collecting box 1. The micro switch 7 closes the switch by pressing the pressing plate, and a reset spring is arranged at the bottom of the pressing plate. The specific use is as follows: when the cross bar 203 and the float 202 move downward along the vertical slide groove 201 on the vertical support rod 2, the float 202 will move a certain distance and then touch the pressing plate, and then press the pressing plate and put the micro switch 7 into a closed state. At this time, the circuit is turned on. On the contrary, when the float 202 does not press the pressing plate, the reset spring will drive the pressing plate to reset. At this time, the micro switch is disconnected and the circuit is also disconnected.

[0067] At present, the technical solution of the present invention has been put into pilot production, that is, a smaller-scale experiment before the large-scale mass production of the product. After the pilot production was completed, a user survey was conducted on a small scale, and the survey results showed that user satisfaction was high. Now we are starting to prepare for the formal production and industrialization of the product (including intellectual property risk warning survey).

[0068] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism, Features: It includes an air collecting box and a suspension mechanism and an exhaust mechanism installed on the air collecting box; The gas collecting box is a square box body surrounded by six planes, and the gas collecting box is provided with a circular gas outlet on the top, an oil inlet on the bottom, and an observation window on the front; The suspension mechanism includes a vertical support rod arranged at the top of the gas collecting box, a cross bar slidably arranged on the vertical support rod, a floating ball arranged at the left end of the cross bar, and a traction member arranged at the right end of the cross bar; The exhaust mechanism comprises an exhaust outer pipe installed at the air outlet circular port and extending to the outside of the air collecting box, a vent plug located in the exhaust outer pipe and slidably matched with the air outlet circular port, an elastic reset member arranged on the vent plug, and a plug arranged at the lower end of the vent plug and fixedly connected to the traction member; The elastic return member is a spring, the spring is sleeved on the vent plug, a baffle is fixedly provided on the vent plug, and the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected to the baffle.

2. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism as claimed in claim 1, Features: The plug is in a conical shape, and the diameter of the cone surface is larger than the aperture of the circular air outlet. The plug and the circular air outlet have two matching states: open and closed.

3. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism as claimed in claim 1, Features: An oil inlet pipe is arranged at the oil inlet, and the oil inlet pipe is connected with the air collecting box and the oil pump.

4. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism as claimed in claim 3, Features: A maintenance valve is installed on the oil inlet pipe to facilitate oil circuit maintenance.

5. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism as claimed in claim 1, Features: A protective cover is arranged on the upper end of the air release plug.

6. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism as claimed in claim 1, Features: The observation window is made of transparent glass, which is convenient for observing the quality of the hydraulic oil.

7. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism as claimed in claim 1, Features: The vent plug is a hollow aluminum tube, and the upper part is bent at 90 degrees, and a square hole is provided on the side of the lower end. When the vent plug moves downward until the square hole extends into the interior of the gas collecting box, exhaust can be carried out through the square hole.

8. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism as claimed in claim 1, Features: The vertical support rod is provided with a vertical slide groove, the cross bar is slidably matched with the vertical slide groove, and the cross bar always keeps a horizontal state.

9. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism as claimed in claim 8, Features: A vertical narrow slide is arranged at the front side of the vertical support rod, scales are marked on both sides of the narrow slide, a pointer is slidably arranged in the narrow slide, the needle tip of the pointer points to the scale, and the pointer is fixedly connected to the cross bar.

10. An automatic exhaust device for a hydraulic mechanism as claimed in claim 9, Features: A micro switch is arranged on the top of the vertical slide slot, the micro switch terminal is facing upwards and the switch button is facing downwards, a contact block is arranged on the upper part of the cross bar, and the contact block and the micro switch have two positional relationships: When the contact block is not in contact with the micro switch, the micro switch is in a circuit disconnection state; When the contact block contacts the micro switch, the contact block presses the switch button and puts the micro switch in a circuit closed state; The micro switch is electrically connected to the relay, and the relay is also connected to an indicator light, a power supply and a background alarm device. The power supply supplies power to the entire circuit. When the circuit is connected, the control light will light up. When the exhaust device fails, the background alarm device will be activated.

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